Electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp

Abstract

 An electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp having a lamp vessel (1), core (3) of magnetic material, a first winding (7) arranged to surround the core and connected to a high-frequency supply unit (4), one of the lead-in wires of this winding being electrically connected to a lead-in wire of a second winding (11) with a free end (12), whilst during operation of the lamp the potential drop between the ends of the second winding is substantially equal to the potential drop between the ends of the first winding and the potential drops in the two windings vary in opposite senses. Interference currents at the supply mains to which the lamp is connected are then strongly suppressed.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to an electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp comprising a lamp vessel which is sealed in a vacuum-tight manner and contains a metal vapour and a rare gas, the lamp being provided with a core of magnetic material in which during operation of the lamp a high-frequency magnetic field is produced by means of an electrical supply unit and a winding connected thereto and arranged to surround the core, an electrical field then being produced in the lamp. Such a lamp is known from US-PS 3,521,120.

[0002] The lamp described in this patent specification is an electrodeless fluorescent low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp operated at high frequency and having a bulb-shaped lamp vessel and a lamp cap which are shaped so that the lamp can be readily screwed into a fitting for incandescent lamps. The high-frequency magnetic field present in lamps of this type during their operation is produced by means of a supply unit which comprises a high-frequency oscillator circuit having a frequency higher than 20 kHz.

[0003] It has been found that during operation of the said lamp, high-frequency electrical interference currents (originating from the lamp) can be readily produced in the conductors of the supply mains. This can be explained by the fact that the winding can be considered as a high-frequency alternating voltage source which is connected via the parasitic capacity to earth and to the conductors of the supply mains. These interference currents may give rise to interference of electrical apparatus which are connected to the same supply mains or are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the lamp.

[0004] With regard to the maximum value of the admissible high-frequency interference currents in the supply mains, international standards exist, which the said lamp should satisfy.

[0005] In order to reduce the interference currents to an acceptable value, according to the Netherlands Patent Application 82 05 025, a low-ohmic transparent conductive layer is applied to the inner wall of the lamp vessel and this layer is connected during operation of the lamp with one of the lead-in wires of the supply mains. Stringent requirements are imposed on the resistance value of this layer, while at the same time a high transparency to visible light is necessary. It has been found that it is difficult to ensure that these conditions are simultaneously satisfied.

[0006] The invention has for its object to provide an electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp which is suitable to be operated with a high-frequency supply voltage, in which the said interference standards are satisfied, while this lamp can be manufactured in a simple manner and has a high luminous efficiency.

[0007] According to the invention, an electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp of the kind mentioned in the opening paragraph is for this purpose characterized in that one of the lead-in wires of the winding is electrically connected to a lead-in wire of a second winding with a free end, while curing operation of the lamp the potential drop between the ends of the second winding is substantially equal to the potential drop between the ends of the first winding, the potential drop in the first winding in a sense opposite to that of the second winding, this second winding being adjacent the first winding and being electrically insulated thereform.

[0008] In the lamp according to the invention, curing its operation the high-frequency electrical interference at the supply mains is reduced to a value which satisfies the standard applying thereto.

[0009] The potential drop in a winding is to be understood to mean the decrease of the potential per unit length measured in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the winding. Due to the presence of the second winding having a substantially equally large but opposite potential drop, the electrical potential of the first winding causing the interference is entirely compensated for. The second winding is electrically not loaded. The strength of the magnetic field is substantially not influenced. The luminous efficiency of the lamp is therefore substantially equal to that of the known lamp.

[0010] The turns of the second winding are electrically insulated from the turns of the first winding.

[0011] In an embodiment of the lamp, the magnetic core is rod-shaped and is surrounded by a cylindrical glass wall portion of the lamp vessel. The second winding may then be arranged to extend around the inner surface of the cylindrical wall portion. However, the second winding is preferably wound, just like the first winding, around the magnetic core itself. The number of turns of the second winding is substantially equal to the number of turns of the first winding in order to obtain a satisfactory coupling and an optimum compensation of the electrical potentials produced, the interference currents then being suppressed to the greatest possible extent.

[0012] Favourable results were obtained with the aforementioned preferred embodiment of the lamp according to the invention, in which each turn of the second winding is located between two successive turns of the first winding.

[0013] It has been found that the interference is then suppressed to the optimum. Additional insulation measures between the two windings are then superfluous.

[0014] The invention is preferably used in electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamps in which the inner wall of the lamp vessel is provided with a luminescent layer, which converts the ultraviolet resonance radiation produced in the lamp vessel into visible light. These lamps are suitable to be used in living-rooms and the like and serve as an alternative to incandescent lamps for general illumination purposes.

[0015] An embodiment of the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing:

Figure 1 shos, partly in elevation and partly in sectional view, an embodiment of an electrodeless low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp according to the invention, and

Figure 2 shows diagrammatically the relative position of the two windings around the core of the lamp shown in Figure 1 and their circuit.

[0016] The lamp shown in Fig. 1 comprises a glass lamp vessel 1 which is sealed in a vacuum-tight manner and is filled with a quantity of mercury and a rare gas, such as argon. The inner wall of the lamp vessel is provided with a luminescent layer 2. The lamp is further provided with a rod-shaped core 3 of magnetic material, such as ferrite, in which during operation of the lamp a high-frequency magnetic field is produced by means of an electrical supply unit and a winding 7 connected thereto through lead-in wires 5 and 6 and arranged to surround the core (the lead-in wires are only partly visible in the drawing). This magnetic field extends into the lamp vessel, an electrical field being produced in the lamp vessel. The winding 7 comprises a number of turns of a narrow copper ribbon. The magnetic core 3 is located in a cylindrical identation 8 in the wall of the lamp vessel lying near the longitudinal axis of the lamp. The electrical supply unit 4 is arranged in a space which is surrounded by a lamp bowl 9 which is made of synthetic material and is connected to the lamp vessel 1. The end of the lamp bowl has secured to it an Edison lamp cap 10, by means of which the lamp can be screwed into a fitting for incandescent lamps.

[0017] The lead-in wire 5 of the winding 7 has electrically connected to it a lead-in wire of a second winding 11. This winding is indicated in the drawing by dotted lines. The free end of this winding is designated by reference numeral 12. This second winding 11 is secured so that during operation of the lamp the potential drop between its ends is substantially equal to the potential drop between the ends of the winding 7, but varies in a sense opposite to that of the voltage drop of the winding 7. This is explained more fully in Figure 2.

[0018] The winding 11 for this purpose comprises a substantially equal number of turns as the winding 7. The two windings are electrictrically insulated from each other. Each turn of the winding 11 is located between two successive turns of the winding 7.

[0019] In Figure 2, the output terminals of the high-frequency supply unit are designated by reference numerals 13 and 14. A capacitor 15 is connected between these terminals. An alternating voltage having a frequency of 2.6 MHz is applied to the terminals. The winding 7 is also connected to the said terminals via the lead-in wires 5 and 6. The lead-in wire 5 has connected to it a wire 16, which acts as a lead-in wire of the second winding 11, indicated by dotted lines. Each turn of the winding 11 lies at a uniform distance from a successive turns of the winding 7. The free end of the winding 11 is designated by reference numeral 12.

[0020] For the sake of clarity, the magnetic core is omitted in Figure 2. At a given instant, the voltage at A is positive and the voltage at B is negative. A is the first end of the winding 7 and B is the second end thereof At C (the end of the winding 11), the voltage isathen also positive. At the free end D of the second winding, the voltage is negative. The said electrical voltages in the two windings compensate each other substantially entirely so that, in use, the effects of varying voltages in the two windings are substantially cancelled out. At the lead-in wires of the supply mains only high-frequency interference currents of small strength are then produced.

[0021] A number of experiments are carried out with the lamp shown in Figure 1. The lamp comprised a lamp vessel having a cylindrical rod-shaped core (length 50 mm, diameter 8 mm, Philips 4c6 ferrite), around which a first winding was arranged comprising thirteen turns of copper ribbon (width 0.38 mm, thickness 38_/um). The length of this winding (i.e. the distance between the outer turns measured along the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped core) was 25 mm. It has been found that with a second winding (also of copper ribbon, width 0.38 mm and thickness 38_/um) having 14.5 turns an optimum interference suppression was obtained. The length of the second winding was 30 mm. The interference suppression at the conductors of the supply mains was measured by the measuring method according to the international standard CISPR No. 15 (VDE 0871) and amounted to more than 45 dB.

[0022] When a power of 18 W was supplied to the lamp, the luminous efficiency was about 1200 lumen, the inner wall of the lamp vessel being provided with a luminescent layer comprising a mixture of two phosphors, i.e, green luminescing terbium-activated cerium magnesium aluminate and red luminescing yttrium oxide activated by trivalent europium. The lamp vessel contained 6 mg of mercury as well as argon (70 Pa).

Claims

1. An electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp comprising a lamp vessel which is sealed in a vacuum-tight manner and contains a metal vapour and a rare gas, the lamp being provided with a core of magnetic material in which during operation of the lamp a high-frequency supply unit and a winding connected thereto and arranged to surround the core, an electrical field then being produced in the lamp vessel, characterized in that one of the lead-in wires of the winding is electrically connected to a lead-in wire of a second winding with a free end, while during operation of the lamp the potential drop between the ends of the second winding is substantially equal to the potential drop between the ends of the first winding and the potential drop in the first winding varies in a sense opposite to that of the second winding, this second winding being adjacent the first winding and being electrically insulated therefrom,

2. An electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the second winding is also arranged to surround the magnetic core, the number of turns of the second winding being substantially equal to the number of turns of the first winding.

3. An electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that each turn of the second winding is located between two successive turns of the first winding.

Drawing