[0001] The present invention relates to some improvements introduced in a procedure for
the chemical and physical line treatment of skins or hides, claimed in Spanish Patent
Number 474,197, so that the said improvements have as their purpose the achievement
of a higher profitability of the procedure cited.
[0002] In order to understand clearly the characteristics or improvements claimed in the
invention to which the subject of the present invention precisely relates, first an
exposition will be made of what Spanish Patent N° 474,197 consists of, and from its
characteristics, the scope of the invention in hand, or what is the same thing, the
improvements introduced in that Patent, will be perfectly understood.
[0003] The purpose pursued and achieved in Spanish Patent number 474,197 was to improve
the conditions of treatment of skins or hides by liquids, for their later industrial
commercialization, based on a procedure by which the interaction of skins and liquid
is achieved by pouring the latter on to the skins themselves, which would remain stationary
or move according to a movement of transfer which will be commented upon later. In
this way an intimate contact was achieved by homogeneizing and penetrating actions
of a chemical and physical-chemical nature.
[0004] In order to carry into effect the procedure mentioned above, naturally an installation
is required, which always according to the subject of Spanish Patent 474,197, was
based on an endless chain on which a number of transporting bars were mounted, and
on these the skins to be treated were placed, in such a way that the said chain on
its travel dragged the skins placed on the above mentioned bars, at the same time
that the suitable treatment liquid was sprayed towards the skins by sprinklers, all
this with mechanism and suitable valves to effect a recycling of said liquid or treatment
products, and also other elements to heat, homogeneize, etc. the said liquid or liquids.
[0005] Because the subject of the invention to which this patent application relates is
focussed solely towards the mechanical means which constitute the dragging chain,
the structure of this, as conceived and described in Spanish Patent number 474,197,
will be explained.
[0006] The main dragging chain runs between the intake and output ends of the machine. At
the output end there is a secondary raising chain which raises the empty bars to a
return chain situated in a higher horizontal plane. Said bars when returning and reaching
the intake of the machine are lowered by a lowering chain and re- incorporated into
the main dragging chain loaded with skins for transport.
[0007] This system of transporting chains is dual, and each of them is mounted on the side
chassis of the machine, in order to support the transporting bars in a synchronized
way at both their ends.
[0008] In the said chains, their links are provided with short fins which push the transporting
bars, so that the latter rest freely by their ends on the chain itself or on support-guides
fixed in the chassis of the machine and placed parallel to the travel of the chain.
[0009] Well, the subject of the invention proposed or improvements introduced in the above
mentioned Spanish Patent number 474,197, has the purpose of simplifying the mechanism
or mechanisms mentioned in the preceding paragraph, achieving a twofold objective,
as in the first place a greater economy in the construction of the installation is
achieved, and in second place a greater simplicity of construction and operation is
achieved, all of which is with a view to preventing the jamming of the bars and breakdowns
in the operation of the chain which frequently cause it to break, or the bars to bend.
It must also be considered that by simplifying the transport mechanism, by the suppression
of the raising and lowering sections, the power rating of the operation electric motors
will be reduced, and consequently a considerable energy saving will be made.
[0010] In short, the subject of the invention in hand consists of replacing the transport
mechanism provided in Spanish Patent number 474,197, by a single continuous chain
which by itself will effect the transport of the loaded bars, the raising, return
and lowering of the empty bars. For this the links of the chain are provided with
fins, the length of which is considerably longer that of the link itself, for example
15-25 cm. Furthemore, in this case the transporting bars are not free and indipendent
with respect to the chain, but are fixed to this at the end of the fin. However, said
bars are inserted, into orifices in the fins with sufficient clearance to pivot freely
in them.
[0011] There is no doubt that the said improvements achieve a considerable simplification
of the installation, a better operation of the mechanism, etc., independently from
the fact that all the advantages and results achieved and commented upon in the description
of Spanish Patent number 474,197, persist.
[0012] In order to facilitate a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention,
a detailed description will be made, based on some drawings attached to this description,
forming an integral part of it, and merely for guidance and not limiting in character,
represent the following.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation and schematic view of the mechanism improved according
to the invention.
Figure 2 shows the same mechanism mounted only between a pair of end axles.
Figure 3 shows a section of chain with the respective emerging fins among which the
transporting bars will be mounted.
[0013] The numerical references in these figures correspond to:
1. Chain.
2. Front roller or gear axle to drive chain (1).
3. Rear roller or gear axle to drive chain (1).
4. Upper rear roller or gear axle to drive chain (1).
5. Upper front roller or gear axle to drive chajn (1).
6. Fins emerging fro'm links of chain (1).
7. Orifices of fins (6).
8. Transport bars mounted on fins (6).
9. Skins suspended from bars (8).
[0014] On the basis of the figures mentioned, the mechanism of the improvements to the invention,
is formed by an endless chain (1) running between the rollers or turning and gear
axles (2), (3), (4) and (5), in such a way that each link of said chain (1) has one
emerging fin (6) of considerable length and provided with an orifice (7) into which
is inserted the corresponding end of the transporting bars (8), each bar (8) pivoting
freely in its respective orifice (7).
[0015] In this way. the skins (9) to be treated will be placed on the bars (8) in the loading
zone corresponding to the end of the roller or turning and gear axle (2) so that said
skins (9) are taken between that roller or gear axle (2) and the roller or gear axle
(3) corresponding to the output or discharge of treated skins end, as embodied in
Spanish Patent 474,197, so that when the treated skins have been discharged, the chain
(1) will continue its travel from the roller or gear axle (3) to the beginning or
gear roller (3) again, after passing over the upper rollers or gear axles (3) and
(4), as seen in figure 1.
[0016] Figure 2 shows an example using the same principle of operation but in which the
chain (1) is mounted only between one pair or rollers or gear axles (2) and (3).
[0017] In any case, the mechanism is extremely simple and effective, as the bars (6), as
can be observed, both in the loading area or end and the discharging area or end,
acquire greater separation, as they diverge from each other in these areas, which
allows the loading and discharging of the skins (9) with greater ease and convenience.
[0018] Lastly, it should be noted that the height or length of the fins (6) must be considerably
greater than the separation between them.
1. Improvements to a procedure for the chemical and physical treatment on a chain
of skins or hides, the said improvements being applied to the mechanism dragging the
skins or hides, are characterised essentially because the endless chains on which
the transporting bars of said skins or hides are mounted are formed by a single chain
mounted between at least one pair of rollers or gear axels to drive the chain itself,
each link of the chain being provided with an emerging fin of a length considerably
greater than that of the link itself and all of them provided with an orifice to house
the corresponding end of the respective transporting bar, in addition the bars being
housed in the orifices of the fins with a certain clearance allowing the former to
pivot.
2. Improvements to a procedure for the chemical and physical treatment on a chain
of skins or hides, according to claim 1, characterised because the chain is mounted
between four rollers or gear axles, two lower and two upper, suitably separated between
themselves, so that the lower roller or gear axle of one of the ends corresponds to
the loading area of the skins or hides, whereas the lower gear axle or roller of the
other end corresponds to-the discharging area of the treated skins or hides.
3. Improvements to a procedure for the chemical and physical treatment on a chain
of skins or hides, according to claims 1 and 2, characterised because in the run of
the chain, the fins reaching the loading and discharging ends and in correspondence
with their respective roller or gear axle, acquire a divergent orientation to achieve
a greater separation between their ends, consequently achieving a greater separation
or distancing between bars to allow a more easy and convenient loading and/or discharging
of the skins or hides.