Elastomeric neutron protection material

Abstract

 Elastomeric neutron protection material comprising a polymeric reaction product of a rection between a) at least one polybutadiene-based polyol having a hydrogen content comparable to that of polyethylene; and b) at least one aliphatic diisocyanate; the material having a hydrogen content of at least about 8 weight percent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an elastomeric neutron protection material for decelerating fast neutrons, comprising an elastomeric material having a high hydrogen content and being preferably combined with an absorber material, e.g., boron, for decelerating slow electrons.

Background Art

[0002] Known elastomeric neutron protection materials of the kind indicated are silicone elastomer-based (German disclosure Letter 28 22 494) or polyurethane-based (German disclosure Letter 32 38 831) and offer important advantages over polyethylene and polypropylene, or even simpler protection materials like water, paraffin and the like, with respect to mechanical and chemical properties, particularly temperature resistivity, toughness, resilient deformability, workability, and chemical durability. The hydrogen content, which is the determining factor for the neutron decelerating capability, however, is considerably less than in polyethylene and polypropylene (14.3 weight percent), polyamide (11.6 weight percent) or water (11.1 weight percent), and amounts to about a maximum of 5 to 7 weight percent. Further consideration of other known neutron protection materials (German disclosure Letter 32 38 831) shows that protection materials were not available which combine in themselves good mechanical and chemical properties with a high hydrogen content similar to that of polyethylene.

[0003] In accordance with the invention, there is provided a material which comprises a polymeric reaction product of a reaction between a) at least one polybutadiene-based polyol having a hydrogen content comparable to that of polyethylene, and b) at least one aliphatic diisocyanate, the reaction product having a hydrogen content of at least about 8 weight percent.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] This composition thus provides an elastomeric neutron protection material which exhibits good mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, particularly easy workability, chemical durability, and temperature resistivity, with a particularly high hydrogen content.

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0005] Elastomeric neutron protection materials in accordance with the invention can be simply prepared like known polyurethanes and have, similar to the latter, very favorable mechanical, chemical and physical properties; the hydrogen content, however, is considerably higher, i.e., normally 10 to 12.5 weight percent, which is up to double the hydrogen content of known neutron protection materials having comparable elastomeric properties. In any case, a hydrogen content of more than 8 weight percent is desired and readily obtainable.

[0006] Of the mechanical properties, the following should be particularly emphasized:

- flexibility at low temperatures (glass transition temperature about -60°C;

- low shrinkage,rate;

- low vapor permeability;

- castable; possibility to manufacture structural parts of high volume; filler materials, particularly of an abrasive nature, e.g., boron carbide powder, can be simple intermixed;

- interlinked, thus not exhibiting cold flow;

- good adhesion and cohesion; better compatibility with usual layered systems, for instance if further layers or a protection lacquer is applied.

[0007] Of the chemical properties, the following should be particularly emphasized;

- good durability against hydrolysis;

- good durability against alkali and acids;

- good durability of coloration against light;

- good durability against oxygen;

- sprayable (even with a high content of filler materials).

[0008] The neutron protection materials according to the invention can be easily combined with absorber materials, particularly boron or boron-containing substances for absorbing slow neutrons. For instance, an absorber material, such as boron carbide or boron nitride, can be provided as a filler material in finely divided form. Then, the neutron protection material will form a shield against slow as well as against fast neutrons. The absorber material can also be provided in chemically bonded form; for instance, the polyols can be partly or totally provided in the form of organic boron compounds, e.g., diol boric acid ester.

[0009] It should be understood that the neutron protection material according to the invention can also be combined with other radiation protection materials, for example with heavy metals or heavy metal compounds, for example in finely divided form as filler material, in order to achieve an additional protection against ionizing radiation.

[0010] The preparation of the neutron protection materials in accordance with the invention basically may be performed in the same manner as the preparation of known polyurethanes, and with the use of corresponding catalysts. If the two components are brought to reaction, the OH radicals of the polyol react with the NCO radicals of the isocyanate.

[0011] The favorable properties of the neutron protection materials according to the invention are based essentially due on the fact that polybutadiene-based polyol have a hydrogen content similar to that of polyethylene and result ₅ in reaction products which have a high elasticity and a high durability against shock loads. The aliphatic diisocyanates used in accordance with the invention have higher hydrogen contents than the usually employed aromatic diisocyanates and result in reaction products having a high temperature resistivity,, For crosslinking, particularly trifunctional crosslinking agents can be employed which offer advantages because of their high reactivity; such crosslinking agents are not applicable with aromatic isocyanates. Particularly well suited are crosslinking agents from the group nitrolo tripropanol, triethanolamine and nitrotributanol.

[0012] It should be understood that all batch components used in the preparation of the neutron protection material according to the invention are selected with a view to obtaining as high a hydrogen content as possible. Batch components which contain hydrogen only in small amounts, or not at all, should be used in amounts as small as possible in order to avoid unnecessary reduction of the hydrogen content of the final product.

[0013] The invention will be subsequently described by means of embodiment examples. In the tables, all contents are to be understood as weight percent.

Claims

1. An elastomeric neutron protection material capable of decelerating fast neutrons, comprising an elastomeric polymeric reaction product of a reaction between:

a) at least one polybutadiene-based polyol having a hydrogen content comparable to that of polyethylene; and

b) at least one aliphatic diisocyanate; the product having a hydrogen content of at least about 8 weight percent.

2. The protection material according to claim 1 wherein said hydrogen content is from about 10 to about 12.5 weight percent.

3. The protection material according to claim 1 wherein said material has a tensile strength of from about 11 to about 12.5 N/mm².

4. The protection material according to claim 1 wherein said material has an elongation at break of from about 100 to about 800%.

5. The protection material according to claim 1 wherein said material has a tear strength of from about 3 to about 7 N/mm^2.

6. The protection material according to claim 1 wherein said material has a Shore A hardness of from about 60 to about 90.

7. The protection material according to claim 1 further including an absorber material capable of decelerating slow neutrons.

8. The protection material of claim 7 wherein said absorber material comprises boron.

9. The protection material of claim 1 further containing an absorption layer comprising an absorber material capable of decelerating slow neutrons.

10. The protection material of claim 9 wherein said absorber material comprises boron.

11. A process for preparing the protection material according to claim 1 comprising reacting said polyol and said isocyanate in the presence of a crosslinking agent to form a polymeric reaction product.

12. The process according to claim 11 wherein said crosslinking agent is trifunctional and selected from the group consisting of nitrilo tripropanol, triethanol amine, and nitro tributanol.