Automatic gravitational fluid compressor

Abstract

 The invention relates to devices for obtaining energetic fluid as drive resource for diverse purposes.
An automatic gravitational compressor is provided with a lever (5) whose work bodies (3) and (3ʹ) are placed above stationary compression vessels (l),(lʹ) with changeable volume at the ends of the lever (5) and are used for compressing secondary fluid. The lever (5) with a support at two positions C and D and three pairs of hydraulic vessels alternatively connected with each other.
By using effects of all hydraulic shocks losses of the auxiliary source (7) are minimized.

Description

[0001] The invention refers to a fluid compressor device as a generator of big quantities of energetic fluid produced by the potential energy of work bodies in free fall.

[0002] The known translatory and rotary compressors that are applied in modern industrial production have a low level of efficiency, only up to 60%, and a small quantity of energetic fluid. These facts make them expensive for mass exploitation and inaccessible for application in several fields.

[0003] Up to this date, all constructors have seeked for solutions that give bigger quantities of compressed fluid with the increase of the number of strokes of the work bodies of the compressor devices in an unit of time. But these solutions appeared to be not appropriate, because of high speeds of the said work bodies. High speeds of the work bodies of these devices are a limiting factor with bigger dimensions of compression elements due to the effect of the inertial force of the system's mobile mass. They represent a big risk of destruction of these devices.

[0004] Hydraulic devices which are used for lifting of gates of shipdocks weighting over thousands tons produce large pressure in the local energetic systems.

[0005] The accumulated energy of the fluid inside of its vessels is used during the gate goes down in the no-load periods to drive generators of electric energy, according to which over 90% of the input energy used for lifting of gates is recovered.

[0006] It is the object of the invention how to place the construction of elements of the vessel that would permit performance of automatic hydraulic force in the vessel that is of an opposite direction compared to the gravitation force at the passive end of a lever. It is necessary to automatic lift the weight to a necessary level suitable for the next oscillation of the work body with the least consumption of auxiliary energy and the maximum production of energetic fluid.

[0007] To say briefly, the problem is how to maintain continuous oscillation of the working system with minimum losses of the input energy.

[0008] The invention resides in an automatic gravitational fluid compressor device and an operation process of the kind referred to in the claims l and 4, respectively.

[0009] Particular embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

[0010] The main purpose of this device is to make the atmosphere and still water constant and cheap sources for energetic purposes.

[0011] The stated problems of minimum consumption of energy of the compressing device and of maximum production capacity of compressed fluid are solved by the optimum construction of the automatic gravitational fluid compressor.

[0012] The generally known hydraulic system for lifting of gates of shipdocks is redesigned - according to the present invention - ­into a new oscillating system serving for conversion of amplified primary energy into secondary output energy.

[0013] The production capacity of the device is solved by big dimensions of compressing elements that can be variously bigger than elements of existing compressors, only because the strokes of work bodies are very slow and the consumption of primary energy is small. Apart from this, the security against damage of this system is provided by a suitable disposition of elements of hydraulic vessels which act as shock absorbing springs against eventual hits of work bodies.

[0014] One way of carrying out the invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawing which illustrates one specific embodiment.

[0015] According to the illustrated way of performance a lever 5 carrying the work bodies 3,3ʹ on the ends thereof and being divided by supports ll and l2 into equal parts of longer and shorter legs is provided. The lever 5 is used for connection of both work bodies 3 and 3ʹ.

[0016] The system is composed of two hydromechanic semisystems in which the lever 5 is a common part for both systems in such a suitable way that falling weights of the semisystems are used as work bodies 3, 3ʹ for compression of secondary fluid in the cylinders l,lʹ. Systems of linked vessels l0, l0ʹ, 20, 20ʹ, 25, 25ʹ of different cross surfaces in form of hydraulic vessels with an auxiliary source 7 to the output l7 of which a pipe l8 with a manometer l3 is connected for circulations of fluid which permits returning of the work bodies 3, 3ʹ from their lower position to the starting point of the next oscillation.

[0017] The smallest consumption of the device is performed in the vessel 20, 20ʹ with primary fluid, which are placed between the passive end (A:B) of the lever 5 and a firm bumper 22. The final inertial hit of falling weights of work bodies 3, 3ʹ is producing hydraulic shocks with a force H in opposite direction to the gravitational force G, approximatively equal to the weight of the falling work bodies on the other side. This hydraulic force is produced as an additional pressure in the primary uncompressible fluid to the accumulated energy in the linked vessel from the starting moment of the system work. The vessels with the primary fluid are secondary sources of energy which is transmitted from one cycle to another one.

[0018] The work regimes of both semisystems are effected in an alternating rhythm, which secures a continual production of the work fluid unter high pressure.

[0019] During this operation, the greatest part of energy used for lifting of the work bodies 3 and 3ʹ is given by the secondary source, which represents the hydraulic vessels l0, l0ʹ, 20, 20ʹ. Real losses of the semisystem are compensated by the auxiliary source 7 during each cycle.

[0020] After the end of a cycle of the work body 3 the work is continued by its complementary part 3ʹ.

[0021] Double mechanical hydraulic systems with a tank l4 is used for storing fluid under pressure, which allows a continuous production and consumption of energetic fluid.

[0022] During the transmissional regime between work strokes, pouring of primary fluid from the linked vessel ll into vessel l2 through the pipes 27 and in reverse direction through the pipe 28 is effected. The vessels ll and l2 serve as mechanical supports for the lever 5. The ends of the lever 5 can freely oscillate in both vertical directions, wherein lever points C, D are attached to the supports ll and l2, respectively.

[0023] The height of the supports ll, l2 remains constant during the work regime of the semisystem having the work body 3 or 3ʹ. The changes are possible only during no load period when the work body is elevating to the potential height.

[0024] The supports ll and l2 as linked vessels are identical in volumes and heights.

[0025] Both ends of the lever 5 are jointly connected on their upper sides by special holders 4 to the telescopic vessels 20, 20ʹ. That connection makes it possible for both work bodies 3, 3ʹ to have vertical motion in all consecutive positions during work regime.

[0026] Due to increase of their own weight, work bodies 3, 3ʹ have enlargements in the upper part of their volumes and their lower diameters. The bodies with smaller diameters are used as piston parts. They are placed above the compression vessels l and lʹ which are enclosed by cooking vessels 2 and 2ʹ, respectively.

[0027] The bumpers 22 are used as limitators of amplitude of the oscillating movement of the ends of the lever 5. The telescopic vessels 20 and 20ʹ are of smaller cross surface but bigger lenght and are fastened to the bumpers 22, 22ʹ. The widest parts of the linked vessels l0, l0ʹ are connected to supply pipes l8 through the unidirectional valve 30a and 30; 30b. The vessels l0 and l0ʹ are connected to the vessels 25 and 25ʹ through the pipes 24 and 24ʹ. But the vessels 25 and 25ʹ are connected to the vessel 20ʹ through pipes 26 and 26ʹ with vessel 20.

[0028] To the lower basis edges of the work bodies 3 and 3ʹ are connected to tubular gaskets 8 and 8ʹ in form of a ring.

[0029] Below the function of the a.m. device will be explained.

[0030] The mentioned auxiliary source 7 estabilishes the work process of the first semisystem at the start, by filling the vessels l0 and ll with primary fluid under the pressure through the pipe l8 and unidirectional valves 30 and 3l. In that way the said lever is lifted to the necessary height. By opening the valve l5a primary fluid under pressure is liberated and flows out through pipe 24 into the upper telescopic vessel 25 which helps pushing the work body 3. In that phase the work body 3 goes down and changes volume of the cylinder l and compresses secondary fluid until the necessary pressure is reached. That fluid is then pressed out through the tubeline l6 and stored into the collecting tank l4.
The opening valve l5 liberates primary fluid to flow out from the vessel 20 through the pipe l8a, which flows into the telescopic vessel l0ʹ on the other end of the lever 5.

[0031] When a trigger mechanism is activated by the work body 3 the small lever 6 is turned around the point 9a, according to which the valves l5 and l5b are opened. The primary fluid from vessel 25 flows into the vessel 20ʹ through pipe 26. By opening the valve l5b, the primary fluid from vessel ll flows into the vessel l2 through the pipe 27.

[0032] Pressure of the primary fluid elevates the work body 3ʹ and the lever 5 goes on a higher position and blocks it. It rests in this way unchangeably until the end of the second cycle. The work body 3ʹ activates the mechanism 2lʹ in turning the small lever 6ʹ and opens therefore the valves l5h and l5e. By opening the valve l5e, the primary fluid will flow out from the telescopic vessel l0' through the pipe 24ʹ and into the telescopic vessel 25ʹ. The pressure of the primary fluid coming from vessel l0ʹ to the vessel 25ʹ helps the work body 3ʹ to do its work of compression efficiently. When the pressure of the secondary fluid inside of the cylinder lʹ has reached an adequate level, the secondary fluid will flow through the pipe 23 and the unidirectional valve 33 into the tank l4. On the other side, by opening the valve l5h, primary fluid from telescopic vessel 20ʹ will flow into the vessel l0 through the pipe 32 and the unidirectional valves 30a and 30, what helps elevation of the work body 3. In this way the second cycle is finished.

[0033] By bringing back the work body 3 again into its starting position, this process is going to be continued in an alteranting rhythm of lifting and falling of the bodies 3 and 3ʹ with oscillating ends of the lever 5.

[0034] The secondary fluid is procuded only during the work regime. In the same time the falling bodies produce hydraulic shocks on the passive ends (A or B) of lever, what amplifies primary fluid pressure.

[0035] This invention is suitable for compression of large volumes of secondary energetic fluid with the assistance of primary fluid energy obtained from a special auxiliary source 7 and hydraulic shocks in the primary system.

[0036] Hydraulic pressure from the primary fluid is transmitted into the pressure of secondary fluid, by means of oscillating bodies 3 and 3ʹ and their respective vessels l0, l0ʹ, 20, 20ʹ, 25, 25ʹ which represents additional sources of primary energy, oscillating in the system bell-clapper like.

[0037] The essence of the operating process is re-establishment of a definite reserve of energy at the start of the working regime.

[0038] The second condition for the work of that system, with minimum losses, is maintaining the constant reserve of primary energy at the same level during the complete operating process.

[0039] The basic features of the operating method according to the present invention, could be summarized in the following: By the proper disposition of the hydraulic vessels l0, l0ʹ, 20, 20ʹ, 25, 25ʹ or ll and l2, the invention provides two semisystems with independent supports ll and l2 and a common lever 5 with work bodies 3, 3ʹ whose oscillation energy produces hydraulic shocks and amplifies it inside of the primary system.

[0040] The hydraulic shocks convert the gravitation force G into a hydraulic force H according to which the pressure of the primary fluid is raised and the losses of the input energy are minimized.

[0041] By increasing the energy of the primary fluid, higher degree of efficiency of the whole system is reached.

[0042] It means we need to add only small input energy from a special source to establish and maintain the operating process.

[0043] During the compression process the fluid compressor decreases the volume many times, but the temperature tends to increase in the same proportion, so that cooling vessels are necessary.

[0044] Very high temperature can produce steam in the closed vessels by the high pressure, which can be used in stationary gas turbines without combustion of fossil fuel.

Claims

1. Automatic gravitational fluid compressor device, as a generator of big quantities of energetic fluid produced by potentional enery of bodies (3) and (3ʹ) in free fall,characterized in
- that a mechanical lever (5)is provided to the ends thereof telescopic vessels (20,20ʹ;25,25ʹ) are attached,
- that work bodies (3,3ʹ) are connected to the ends of the vessels (20, 20ʹ; 25, 25ʹ)
- that compression cylinders (l,lʹ) are disposed under the work bodies and
- that telescopic vessels (l0, l0ʹ) are placed in the cylinders (l,l').

2. Device according to claims l, characterized in that the telescopic vessels (l0) and (l0ʹ) are connected by pipes (24) and (24ʹ) with telescopic vessels (25) and (25ʹ) , which are connected with telescopic vessels (20ʹ) and (20) by pipes (26) and (26ʹ), wherein the vessel (20ʹ) is connected by pipe (32) over unidirectional valves (30a) and (30) with the telescopic vessel (l0), and vessel (20) is connected with pipe (l8a) for supplying the telescopic vessel (l0ʹ) with fluid.

3. Device according to claim l or 2, characterized in that the lever (5) is divided equally by telescopic vessels (ll) and (l2) on two pairs of qual legs, wherein AD = BC, and AC = BD, and that the legs are jointly connected by holders (4) in the points A, B, C and D, who are so independent that they can allow any turn of the work bodies in vertical direction.

4. Operating process for a gravitational fluid compressor according to anyone of the claims l to 3, characterized in that the secondary fluid is an energetical means obtained from three sources:
- by falling weights as work bodies connected at the ends of lagged lever, which converts its weight into compression inside of work cylinders,
- by quick and alternating hydraulic shocks in primary liquid inside of linked and closed vessels, and
- by insignificant portion of the input energy of said primary liquid from an additional source which is able to reestablish and maintain optimal working process.

5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that for compression of air or gas the operating bodies (3) and (3ʹ) are build up in a form of double wall vessels with necessary pipes for water-supply as a cooling means and draining-pipes for carrying steam produced in the compression vessels (3), (3ʹ) and (l) and (lʹ) by the overheated closed environment to convert water into steam without combustion of chemical fuel.

Drawing