BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates to a radiation image storage panel having a stimulable phosphor
layer. More particularly, it relates to a radiation image storage panel which is protected
from deterioration due to the penetration of water, which endures for a long period
of use, and which is high in sharpness.
[0002] Radiation images like X-ray images are often used in diagnosis of diseases.
[0003] In order to obtain the X-ray images, X-ray image converting methods of directly
taking out images from phosphors have been devised in place of light-sensitive silver
halide materials.
[0004] The methods include a method in which the radiation (generally X-ray) transmitted
through a subject is absorbed to a phosphor, and thereafter this phosphor is excited
by light or heat energy to bring the radiation energy stored by above absorbtion to
radiate as fluorescence, which fluorescense is detected and formed into an image.
[0005] Specifically, U.S. Patent No. 3,859,527 and Japanese Provisional Patent Publication
No. 12144/1980 disclose radiation image storage methods in which a stimulable phosphor
is used and visible light or infrared rays are used as stimulating light.
[0006] This method employs a radiation image storage panel (hereinafter often referred
to as "storage panel") comprising a support formed thereon with a stimulable phosphor
layer (hereinafter often referred to simply as "stimulable layer"), wherein radiation
transmitted through a subject is applied to the stimulable layer to store radiation
energy corresponding to the radiation transmission degree of all areas of the subject
to form an image, and thereafter this stimulable layer is scanned with the stimulating
light to bring the radiation energy stored in the areas to radiate to convert this
into light, thus obtaining an image according to signals based on the strength of
this light.
[0007] This image finally obtained may be reproduced as a hard copy, or may be reproduced
on a CRT.
[0008] The storage panel to be used in this radiation image storage method irradiates stored
energy by scanning of the stimulating light after stored radiation image information
so that stored radiation images can be again carried out after scanning, the storage
panel can thus be used repeatedly.
[0009] The above storage panel shall desirably endure for a long time or many times of repeated
use without deteriorating image quality of the obtained radiation images. In order
to satisfy the requirement, it is requested that the stimulable layer of the above
storage panel should be sufficiently protected from outer physical or chemical excitation.
[0010] In the conventional storage panels, there have been employed the method in which
a protective layer to cover a surface of the stimulable layer on a support of the
storage panel in order to solve the above problems. This protective layer is, as
disclosed in, for example, Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 42500/1984,
formed by directly coating a coating solution for the protective layer on a stimulable
layer or formed by the method in which a previously formed protective layer which
had been prepared separately is adhered on a stimulable layer.
[0011] As the protective layer, a thin protective layer comprising an organic polymer has
generally been used. The reason why such a thin protective layer has been used is
to prevent lowering of sharpness of a storage panel as hard as possible.
[0012] A relationship between sharpness and a thickness of a protective layer of a storage
panel having a stimulable layer is shown in Table 1 by using MTF (Modulation Transfer
Function) of a spatial frequency of 1 lp/mm and 2 lp/mm. In Table 1, PET is a polyethylene
terephthalate film.
Table 1
Protective layer |
Thickness (µm) |
1 lp/mm (%) |
2 lp/mm (%) |
None |
- |
78 |
41 |
PET |
8.5 |
74 |
39 |
PET |
11 |
64 |
35 |
PET |
25 |
59 |
29 |
PET |
70 |
54 |
26 |
PET |
170 |
48 |
24 |
Glass |
550 |
43 |
20 |
[0013] As shown in Table 1, when the protective layer is thicker, sharpness becomes low.
A reason that may be mentioned is that reflected scattering light of incident stimulating
light at a surface of a stimulable layer is reflected at an interface between the
protective layer and air and is then re-incident on the stimulable layer. When the
protective layer is thicker, the reflected scattering light extends further and the
result is image information of images other than the images to be detected so that
sharpness thereof is lowered.
[0014] In a conventional film/screen system to be used for X-ray photographing, since the
MTF in the case of 1 lp/mm is about 65 % and in the case of 2 lp/mm is about 35 %,
it is not preferred, in a storage panel, to inferior to the values of the above film/screen
system. Accordingly, in the protective layer of the conventional storage panel an
organic polymer film having a thickness of about 10 µm or so is used.
[0015] However, this basic problem of decreasing in sharpness due to providing a protective
layer has not yet bear solved. It has been strongly desired to make a storage panel
with higher and higher sharpness.
[0016] Also, the thin protective layer comprising an organic polymer which is conventionally
used is transmissive to some extent of water and/or moisture. Thus, the stimulable
layer absorbs water so that the storage panel's sensitivity to radiation is lowered.
Further, deterioration of stored energy between after irradiation of radiation and
before accepting irradiation of stimulating light fading is large, and thus fluctuation
and/or deterioration of image qualities of the obtained radiation images is/are caused.
[0017] For example, moisture permeability coefficient of PET having a thickness of 10 µm
is about 60 g/m²·24 hr and thus at most 60 g of moisture per unit area transmits therethrough
in a day. Even in an oriented polypropylene (hereinafter abbreviated to "OPP"), the
moisture permeability coefficient level is about 15 g/m²·24 hr.
[0018] Further, in the conventional storage panel having the above-mentioned thin protective
layer, since surface hardness of the protective layer is low, flaws on the surface
of the protective layer due to contact with a machine component such as a conveying
roller, etc. at transmission. Or, flaws will likely be deceloped due to a crack or
a fold in the stimulating layer since impact resistance is insufficient in a thin
protective layer. Therefore, there is a problem that image qualities of the obtained
radiation image become worse with repeated use.
[0019] On the other hand, when the protective layer is thick, the defects caused by a thin
film can be overcome but again sharpness becomes low as mentioned above. It has been
desired, over two contrary phenomenon, to improve from the aspects of moisture resistance,
strength and impact resistance without imparing sharpness.
[0020] One such attempted storage panel can be prepared by sealing at edge portions of
a laminating product comprising a support, a stimulable phosphor and a protective
layer in order to improve humidity resistance. As the method of sealing, there have
been employed, for example, the method in which edge portions are sealed with a sealing
agent and the sealing agent is solidified by a solidifying agent from outside (Japanese
Provisional Patent Publication No. 237099/1986) or the method in which edge portions
are sealed at the state of being coated with elongated portions of the protective
layer (Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 237100/1986).
[0021] However, by sealing them only by the above methods, the effect of water to permeating
a protective layer to a stimulable layer cannot sufficient|y be prevented.
[0022] As described above, in a storage panel which employs the conventional stimulable
phosphor, there is the disadvantage that sharpness becomes necessarily low by providing
a protective layer.
[0023] Also, in the conventional storage panel, when a thin protective layer is employed
in order to prevent lowering in sharpness of images, there are problems that fluctuation
or deterioration of obtained radiation images are caused by chemical stimulations
from outside, particularly by permeation of water or moisture, or breakage of the
stimulable layer, etc. is caused by physical stimulations from outside. On the other
hand, for the purpose of protecting from such chemical and physical stimulations,
when a thick protective layer is used, there is a problem that sharpness of images
becomes low.
[0024] Further, when preparing the conventional storage panel, adhesion between a protective
layer and a stimulable layer and/or the stimulable layer and a support may be sometimes
carried out by using an adhesive agent. There is the problem in that heat added to
heat and cure the adhesive agent, causes the storage panel to deform or warp, and
as a result, damages are caused in the stimulable layer whereby the quality of images
becomes low.
[0025] Moreover, even when a protective layer is provided on a stimulable layer and edges
of a storage panel are sealed, a stimulable phosphor absorbs moisture during preparation
of a storage panel so that the initial characteristics of the storage panel becomes
low. Furthermore, the fluctuation of characteristics of each storage panel is a problem
since the extent of the above moisture absorption depends largely on atmosphere at
the preparation step. Thus, when heating and drying are carried out after sealing
edges of the storage panel, there is the problem that air at the inside of the storage
panel expands whereby it becomes a cause of destruction or deformation of the storage
panel, and therefore it is not preferred.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0026] Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a storage panel having high
durability and long lifetime, which can prevent a stimulable layer from outer physical
excitation and chemical stimulation, one which can particularly protect sufficiently
against water, without imparing sharpness of images, one which can maintain high
sensitivity, high sharpness and high graininess of the stimulable layer for a long
time and one which can use with good conditions.
[0027] Further, an object of the present invention is to provide a storage panel which can
also solve the problems that a support or a protective layer cause by deformation
by heat which is added at preparation of the storage panel or by temperature change
at use. Thus, damage is caused in the stimulable layer whereby quality of images becomes
low.
[0028] A radiation image storage panel of the present invention comprises a radiation image
storage panel having a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective layer on a support,
a layer having a lower refractive index than the protective layer being provided between
said stimulable phosphor layer and said protective layer.
[0029] Also, the above radiation image storage panel of the present invention comprises
a radiation image storage panel having a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective
layer on a support, a first layer having a lower refractive index than the protective
layer being provided between said stimulable phosphor layer and said protective layer,
and a second layer having a higher refractive index than the first layer being provided
between said first layer and said stimulable phosphor layer.
[0030] Further, a radiation image storage panel of the present invention comprises a radiation
image storage panel in which a stimulable phosphor layer and at least one protective
layer are provided on a support successively, a layer having a lower refractive index
than the protective layer, composed of a protective layer supporting member with a
thickness the same with or thicker than that of said stimulable phosphor layer, being
provided between said stimulable phosphor layer and said protective layer so as to
seal edges of said stimulable phosphor layer.
[0031] Moreover, a radiation image storage panel of the present invention comprises a radiation
image storage panel in which a stimulable phosphor layer and at least one protective
layer are provided on a support successively, a first moistureproof member with a
thickness the same with or thicker than that of said stimulable phosphor layer being
provided between said support and said protective layer so as to seal the edges of
said stimulable phosphor layer, and void portion formed by said first moistureproof
member, said support and said protective layer being filled with a second moistureproof
member.
[0032] Furthermore, a radiation image storage panel of the present invention comprises
a radiation image storage panel having a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective
layer on a support, a layer having a lower refractive index than the protective layer
being provided between said stimulable phosphor layer and said protective layer and
said protective layer being at least two layers having different moisture-absorption
characteristics with each other.
[0033] Further, a radiation image storage panel of the present invention comprises a radiation
image storage panel having a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective layer on a
support, a first layer having lower refractive index than the protective layer being
provided between said stimulable phosphor layer and said protective layer, a second
layer having higher refractive index than that of the first layer being provided between
said first layer and said stimulable phosphor layer, and said second layer being high
in moisture-absorption characteristics.
[0034] Further, the present invention aims to provide a process for preparing a radiation
image storage panel which comprises, in a process for preparing a radiation image
storage panel comprising a support, a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective layer,
and a protective layer supporting member (a spacer) being provided between layers
of said support and said protective layer so as to surround and seal edges of said
stimulable phosphor layer, providing notches to said protective layer supporting member
(a spacer) which functions as a vent hole, heating and drying said radiation image
storage panel, and then fusing and sealing said notches.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a basic constitution of the present invention;
Figs. 2 to 6, 8 to 13, 15 to 18, 20, 22 and 23 are sectional views showing exemplary
constitutions of the present invention; Fig. 7 is a view showing one example of a
worked shape of a first moistureproof member; Figs. 14 and 19 are plane views of Figs.
13 and 18, respectively; and Fig. 21 is a view explanining a radiation image storage
method using a storage panel; wherein 1 is a protective layer (1a and 1b), 2 is a
lower refractive index layer (2a and 2b except for 2b in Fig. 3), 3 is a stimulable
layer, 4 is a support, 5 is a protective layer supporting member, 51 is a non-hygroscopic
supporting member, 52 is a hygroscopic supporting member, 6 is a spacer, 7a is a first
moistureproof member, 7b is a second moistureproof member, 8, 81 and 82 are sealing
members, 9 is an adsorbing agent, 10 is an elastic sealing agent, 10a is an elastic
sealing agent having lower elasticity and 10b is an elastic sealing agent having
higher elasticity.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0036] In the following, the present invention will be explained in detail by referring
to the drawings.
[0037] Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a part of one example of the storage panel according
to the present invention and 1 is a protective layer, 2 is a layer with a lower refractive
index, 3 is a stimulable layer, and 4 is a support.
[0038] In the following, respective constituents will be explained in more detail.
[0039] In the storage panel of the present invention, as a material which can form a protective
layer, those which are excellent in light-transmission and which may be fomred into
sheets may be mentioned. Further, for the protective layer, it is preferred to use
those which show a high light-transmittance in a wide range of wavelengths in order
to transmit stimulating light or emitted light with good efficiency, more preferably
those having light-trans mittance of 80 % or more.
[0040] Examples of those may include sheet glasses such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass,
chemically reinforced glass, etc., organic polymer compounds such as PET, OPP, polyvinyl
hloride, etc. Here, the borosilicate glass shows the light-transmittance of 80 % or
higher in the wavelengths range of 330 nm to 2.6 µm, and in the quartz glass, high
light-transmittance can be obtained even in shorter wavelengths than the above.
[0041] The protective layer may be a single layer or multi-layer, or may be formed by two
or more layers different in materials. For example, a composite film comprising two
or more layers of organic polyer membrane may be employed. As the method for preparing
such a composite polymer film, there may be mentioned the methods of dry laminate,
extrusion laminate or co-extrusion coating laminate. As a combination of two or more
protective layers, it is not limited to combination of organic polymers themselves,
but may be mentioned sheet glasses themselves, or a sheet glass and an organic polymer
layer, etc. For example, as the method for combining the sheet glass and the polymer
layer, there may be mentioned the method in which a coating solution for the protective
layer is directly coated on the sheet glass to form thereon or the method in which
a polymer protective layer which had been previously prepared is adhered onto the
sheet glass. Two or more of the protective layers may be adhered or separated from
each other.
[0042] In the protective layer of the storage panel according to the present invention,
by employing at least two layers having different moisture-absorption characteristics,
further improvement in moisture resistance can be realized.
[0043] Here, the expression of "different in moisture-absorption characteristics" means
that if the protective layer comprises two layers of A and B, an equilibrium moisture-absorption
isothermic curve of the layer A at a temperature at which the above storage panel
is exposed by the usual use conditions disagrees with that of the layer B at said
temperature.
[0044] In Fig. 2A, a constitution example of the storage panel having two layers of the
protective layers is shown as a sectional view. In the figure, 1a and 1b are protective
layers, and 1a in contact with a stimulable layer is a protective layer having a relatively
larger moisture-absorption characteristic and the outermost layer of 1b is a protective
layer having a smaller moisture-absorption characteristic. Also, as in Fig. 1, 2 is
a lower refractive index layer, 3 is a stimulable layer and 4 is a support. By constituting
the protective layer as in Fig. 2A, humidity resistance of the storage panel can greatly
be improved and therefore it is particularly preferred. That is, water or water vapor
present outside of the storage panel is prevented from permeating inside the storage
panel by the protective layer 1b. However, when an organic polymer is used as the
protective layer 1b, it is impossible to perfectly shut out water and some extent
of water always permeates therethrough. The amount of water transmittance generally
increases in proportion to difference in humidity between the outer field and the
inside of the protective layer 1b. Water permeated through the protective layer 1b
reaches the surface of a protective layer 1a, but the protective layer 1a has large
moisture-absorption characteristics so that it retains the above water at the surface
of the side adjacent to the layer 1b and inside of the layer whereby it functions
to prevent arrival of water to the stimulable layer. As a result, deterioration due
to absorption of water of the above stimulable layer decreases as compared with the
conventional storage panel.
[0045] Further, a composite protective layer having the layer constitution shown in Fig.
2A can be made a composite protective layer having properties that moisture permeability
of the direction from 1b to 1a is extremely small and that of the direction from 1a
to 1b is relatively large by selecting suitable materials for protective layers. Generally
speaking, a membrane having small moisture-absorption characteristics has the property
that its moisture permeability coefficient is small in humidity dependence, and a
membrane having large moisture-absorption characteristics has the property that its
moisture permeability coefficient is large in temperature dependence. Accordingly,
since the moisture-absorption characteristics of the protective layer 1b little depend
on humidity, and since the moisture-absorption characteristics of the protective
layer 1a largely depend on temperature, a composite system of both shows two sides
of moisture permeability in the well known composite membrane. That is, the moisture
permeability where 1b is provided so as to contact with a high humidity side becomes
smaller than that of the case where 1a is provided at the high humidity side. If the
difference between both of the moisture permeabilities is enlarged by a suitable combination
of materials for the protective layers, a storage panel which is excellent in humidity
resistance and, when a stimulable layer absorbs water, rapidly releases water by exposing
it to fresh air of low humidity can be prepared.
[0046] Also, when a sheet glass is employed as the protective layer 1b, it is possible to
substantially completely shut out water from the surface of the panel. However, water
may sometimes permeate into side edges of the protective layer and the support. At
that time, the protective layer 1a having high moisture-absorption characteristics
absorbs water and prevents arrival of water to the stimulable layer.
[0047] In Fig. 2B, an other example of the structure of the storage panel according to the
present invention is shown. The storage panel shown in Fig. 2B has a protective layer
1b, having relatively small moisture-absorption characteristics, adjacent to a stimulable
layer, and a protective layer 1a, having relatively large moisture-absorption characteristics,
positioned outside of the above. Water present outside of the above radiation image
storage panel is retained at the surface and inside of the protective layer 1a having
large moisture-absorption characteristics and permeated water which cannot be retained
in the protective layer 1a is prevented from permeating into the stimulable layer
by the protective layer 1b having small moisture-absorption characteristics. It is
particularly preferred that the protective layer 1b is composed of a material which
is small in moisture-absorption characteristics. Also, another protective layer having
small moisture-absorption characteristics may further be formed outside of the protective
layer 1a.
[0048] The constitution of the protective layer of the storage panel according to the present
invention is not limited to the examples as shown in Fig. 2.
[0049] In the panel of the present invention, it is preferred that among the protective
layers of two or more layers which coat the surface of a stimulable layer, at least
the outermost protective layer is a layer having a high surface hardness. By providing
a protective layer having a high surface hardness, occurence of damages due to physical
impacts from a panel conveying system or other machinary parts, etc. during repeated
use of the above storage panel and deterioration of image quality of radiation images
accompanied by the above can be prevented.
[0050] When an organic polymer is used as the protective layer according to the present
invention, formation method thereof may be mentioned as shown below.
[0051] As the first method, as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No.
42500/1984, there is the method in which a solution prepared by dissolving a polymer
material having high transparency in a suitable solvent is coated on a surface which
is to be formed a protective layer, and then dried to form a protective layer.
[0052] As the second method, as disclosed also in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication
No. 42500/1984, there is the method in which a suitable adhesive agent is applied
to one surface of a thin film comprising a transparent polymer substance and a protective
layer is provided on the surface to be provided.
[0053] As the third method, as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No.
176900/1986, there is the method in which a coating solution containing at least one
or both of a radiation curing type resin or a thermosetting type resin is coated on
the surface to be provided a protective layer and said coating solution is cured by
applying irradiation of an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam and/or heating with
use of an apparatus as disclosed in the above publication.
[0054] Incidentally, at least two protective layers are all not necessarily prepared by
the same preparative method.
[0055] In the storage panel of the present invention, the protective layers comprise, as
described above, a combination of two or more layers having different moisture-absorption
characteristics. Among the above protective layers, materials to be used for the protective
layer which has relatively small moisture-absorption characteristics may preferably
include, for example, a sheet glass, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polytrifluoro-chloroethylene,
polypropylene, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride,
polyvinyl isobutyl ether, polyethylene terephthalate, vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride
copolymer, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinylidene chloride-isobutylene
copolymer, polystyrene, or epoxy series or acryl series polymer, particularly preferably
a sheet glass, polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene. Also, materials to be used
for the protective layer having relatively large moisture-absorption characteristics
may preferably include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer,
polyacrylamide, polyglycine, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone,
polyvinyl amine, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, Nylon 4, Nylon 6, Nylon
12, Nylon 66 (all trade names), polyvinyl acetate, polymethylallyl alcohol, etc.,
particularly preferably polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
[0056] Among the embodiments of two or more protective layers of the present invention,
particularly preferred is the case where at least one kind of material is selected
from the groups mentioned as the materials for the protective layer having small moisture-absorption
characteristics and at least one kind of material is selected from the groups mentioned
as the materials for the protective layer having large moisture-absorption characteristics,
and the former is provided at the outside and the latter is provided at the inside,
that is, the side adjacent to a stimulable layer.
[0057] A thickness of the protective layer is practically 30 µm to 4 mm and 100 µm or more
is preferred in order to obtain good moistureproof property. A thickness of the protective
layer of 200 µm or more is preferred since a storage panel which is excellent in durability
and lifetime can be obtained. Regarding the thickness of the protective layer, it
is preferred that the moisture permeability of the protective layer is 10 g/m²·24
hr or less, more preferably 5.0 g/m²·24 hr or less from the point of moistureproofness.
The moisture permeability was measured according to the cup method (JIS Z 0208).
[0058] Also, when an anti-reflective layer such as MgF₂, etc. is provided on the surface
of the protective layer, it is preferred since a stimulating light and an emitted
light are effectively permeated and it has an effect whereby lowering in sharpness
is made small.
[0059] The refractive index of the protective layer is not particularly limited, but in
practice, in the range of 1.4 to 2.0 is general.
[0060] The lower refractive index layer of the storage panel according to the present invention
comprises a material having a lower refractive index than that of the protective
layer. By the presence of this layer, even if the protective layer is made thick,
lowering in sharpness can be made small. For example, materials shown in Table 2 may
be employed and it is preferred to use them in the state of a thin film formed by
the vapor deposition method. Or else, liquid layers as shown in Table 3 may be used.
Also, when a gaseous layer such as air, nitrogen or argon or a vacuum layer which
has a refractive index of substantially 1 is used, it is particularly preferred since
its effect of preventing lowering in sharpness is remarkable.
[0061] A thickness of the lower refractive index layer is practically in the range of from
0.05 µm to 3 mm.
Table 2
Material |
Refractive index |
CaF₂ |
1.23 to 1.26 |
Na₃AlF₆ |
1.35 |
MgF₂ |
1.38 |
SiO₂ |
1.46 |
Table 3
Material |
Refractive index |
Ethyl alcohol |
1.36 |
Methyl alcohol |
1.33 |
Diethyl ether |
1.35 |
[0062] The lower refractive index layer of the present invention may be in close adherence
state with or apart from a stimulable layer, but it is the close adherence state with
the stimulable layer which is preferred in order to make small the lowering in sharpness
to the lower refractive index layer sufficiently. Therefore, when the lower refractive
index layer is a liquid layer, a gaseous layer or a vacuum layer, it may be as it
is. However, when the lower refractive index layer is formed on the surface of the
protective layer with the above CaF₂, Na₃AlF₆, MgF₂, SiO₂, etc., the stimulable layer
and the lower refractive index layer should be adhered with, for example, an adhesive
agent. In this case, the refractive index of the adhesive agent is preferably similar
to that of the stimulable layer.
[0063] The storage panel of the present invention as shown in the partial sectional view
in Fig. 3, may have the structure that a first layer having a lower refractive index
than a protective layer is provided between said stimulable phosphor layer and said
protective layer, and a second layer having a higher refractive index than the first
layer is provided between said first layer and said stimulable phosphor layer.
[0064] In Fig. 3, 1 is a protective layer, 2a is a first layer, 2b is a second layer, 3
is a stimulable layer and 4 is a support. In the following, the first layer 2a is
called a lower refractive index layer and the second layer 2b is called a higher refractive
index layer.
[0065] The first layer (a lower refractive index layer) may use the same material as in
the lower refractive index layer used for the storage panel according to the present
invention shown in Fig. 1. The thickness of the lower refractive index layer is practically
within the range of 0.05 µm to 3 mm.
[0066] The second layer (a higher refractive index layer) may comprise a substance which
has higher refractive index than that of the first layer. For example, an organic
polymer film such as PET may be used, or a deposition substance used for an anti-reflection
film, etc. may be used. As deposition substances, there may be mentioned, for example,
those as shown in Table 4.
[0067] A thickness of the higher refractive index layer is practically in the range of
30 nm to 500 µm. However, in order to heighten the effect of making small the lowering
in sharpness, 50 µm or less is preferred and 10 µm or less is more preferred.
[0068] The higher refractive index layer may be adhered to or separated from a stimulable
layer. For adhering the higher refractive index layer and the stimulable layer, one
method employs an adhesive agent is one of the method. In this case, the refractive
index of the adhesive agent is preferably similar to that of the stimulable layer
or that of the higher refractive index layer.
Table 4
Material |
Refractive index |
Al₂O₃ |
1.62 |
Sb₂O₃ |
2.04 |
CeO₂ |
2.42 |
CeF₃ |
1.63 |
La₂O₃ |
1.95 |
LaF₃ |
1.59 |
PbF₃ |
1.75 |
NdF₃ |
1.60 |
Pr₆O₁₁ |
1.92 |
SiO |
2.0 |
SiO₂ |
1.46 |
TiO₂ |
2.2 to 2.7 |
ThO₂ |
1.8 |
ThF₄ |
1.52 |
ZnS |
2.35 |
ZrO₂ |
2.1 |
[0069] In addition, if a substance which is high in moisture-absorption characteristics
is employed as the higher refrac tive index layer, better humidity resistance can
be provided. Here, the moisture-absorption characteristics means equilibrium moisture
absorbance.
[0070] When a substance which is high in moisture-absorption characteristics is employed
for the higher refractive index layer 3 in Fig. 3, the higher refractive index layer
adsorbs and retains water permeated through the protective layer 1 and the lower refractive
index layer 2a and/or water permeated through edge portions of the storage panel so
that it functions to prevent arrival of water to the stimulable layer. It also functions
to make the stimulable layer drier because a second intermediate layer having high
moisture-absorption characteristics takes water adsorbed to the stimulable layer when
manufacturing the storage panel. Therefore, by using a protective layer having a relatively
thicker thickness and low moisture permeability, and further by using a substance
having higher moisture-absorption characteristics for the higher refractive index
layer (the second intermediate layer), a storage panel having excellent humidity resistance
can be prepared. A higher value of equilibrium moisture absorbance of the second
intermediate layer is preferred. The equilibrium moisture absorbance of the second
intermediate layer at a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 65 % is practically
1 % or more, 2 % or more is preferred and 5 % or more is particularly preferred. As
materials having higher moisture-absorption characteristics may be selected from
organic polymer materials. Preferred examples of the organic polymer having relatively
higher moisture-absorption characteristics may include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol,
polyacrylamide, polyglycine, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone,
polyvinyl amine, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, Nylon 4, Nylon 6, Nylon
12, Nylon 66 (all trade names), polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl allyl alcohol, etc.
The material for the second intermediate layer having higher moisture-absorption
characteristics is not limited to only the organic polymers, and any materials may
be employed so long as they have high equilibrium moisture absorbance.
[0071] In the present invention, when a gaseous layer or a vacuum layer is provided as the
lower refractive index layer, for example, there is the method in which, as shown
in Fig. 4, a spacer material 6 is sprayed between the protective layer and the stimulable
layer to provide a gaseous layer or a vacuum layer. As the material for the spacer,
for example, preferred is fine glass fiber tips having a diameter of several µm which
have been used as a spacer material for a liquid crystal panel. Also, as shown in
Fig. 5, there is the method in which a protective layer supporting member (hereinafter
sometimes abbreviated to "spacer") having a thickness thicker than that of the stimulable
layer is provided at edge portions of the storage panel to retain a constant thickness.
[0072] In the figure, 1 is a protective layer, 2 is a lower refractive index layer, 3 is
a stimulable layer, 4 is a support and 5 is a protective layer supporting member,
respectively.
[0073] The storage panel shown in Fig. 5 has a stimulable layer 3, a lower refractive index
layer 2 and a protective layer 1 on a support 4 in this order, and it further has
a protective layer supporting member 5 as its constituting element. The stimulable
layer 3 is surrounded by the protective layer supporting member at the state of sealing
from outer atmosphere. One edge of the protective layer supporting member 5 is adhered
to the support, and the other edge is adhered to the protective layer. Also, edge
portions of the stimulable layer 3 and the protective layer supporting member 5 may
be contacted with each other or may be separated. Accordingly, the lower refractive
index layer 2 and the stimulable layer 3 are constituted at the state of sealing from
outer atmosphere by the protective layer 1, the support 4 and the protective layer
supporting member 5.
[0074] The protective layer supporting member to be used in the storage panel according
to the present invention shown in Fig. 5, is not particularly limited so long as a
lower refractive index layer can be formed under the conditions of sealing from outer
atmosphere, and so long as a glass, a ceramics, a metal, a plastic, etc. can be employed.
[0075] Also, the protective layer supporting member may preferably have the moisture permeability
of 10 g/m²·24 hr or less. If the moisture permeability is too large, it is not preferred
since the stimulable phosphor deteriorates due to water permeated from outside.
[0076] A thickness of the protective layer supporting member (a in Fig. 5) may be a thickness
thicker than that of the stimulable layer. That is, the thickness of the protective
layer supporting member may be the same thickness with or exceed that of the stimulable
layer.
[0077] Where the thicknesses of the protective layer supporting member and the stimulable
layer are the same as each other, for example, the lower refractive index layer is
a vacuum layer. In this case, if the vacuum layer is present so as to optically discontinue
between the stimulable layer and the protective layer, it is sufficient as the lower
refractive index layer. Thus, these two layers may be in the state of contact with
each other.
[0078] In case where the thickness of the protective layer supporting member exceeds that
of the stimulable layer, the thickness of the protective layer supporting member can
be determined in connection with the thickness of the lower refractive index layer
to be formed.
[0079] The width of the protective layer supporting member (b in Fig. 5) is determined mainly
in connection with the moisture resistance (the above moisture permeability) of an
adhered portion of the protective layer supporting member with a support and a protective
layer, and is preferably 1 to 30 mm. If the width of the protective layer supporting
member is too small, it is not preferred from points of stability, strength and moisture
resistance of the protective layer supporting member. Also, if it is too large, it
is not preferred since the storage panel becomes a large sized one exceeding necessity.
Moisture permeability at the adhered portion of the protective layer supporting
member with the support and the protective layer may preferably be 10 g/m²·24 hr or
less.
[0080] The protective layer supporting member is necessarily adhered to the support and
the protective layer in order to provide moisture resistance to the storage panel
and to retain the layer thickness of the lower refractive index layer constantly.
Here, in order to adhere the protective layer supporting member to the support and
the protective layer, for example, an adhesive agent is used. As the adhesive agent,
those having moisture resistance are preferred. More specifically, there may be employed
an organic polymer series adhesive agent such as an epoxy series resin, a phenol series
resin, a cyanoacrylate series resin, a vinyl acetate series resin, a vinyl chloride
series resin, a polyurethane series resin, an acrylic series resin, an ethylene-vinyl
acetate series resin, a polyolefin series resin, a chloroprene series rubber, a nitrile
series rubber, etc., or a silicone series adhesive agent, etc. Among them, an epoxy
series resin or a silicone series resin used for encapsulation of a semiconductor
device or an electonic part is preferred since they are excellent in moisture resistance.
Particularly, an epoxy resin series adhesive agent is suitable since it is low in
moisture permeability.
[0081] In order to improve adhesiveness at the adhered portions of the protective layer
supporting member and the support or the protective layer supporting member and the
protective layer, a subbing layer may be formed at the contacting surfaces of the
protective layer supporting member, the support and the protective layer with other
layer or may be subjected to a roughening treatment of the surfaces thereof.
[0082] The lower refractive index layer may comprise a substance which has lower refractive
index than that of the protective layer, and by the presence of the layer, lowering
in sharpness can be made small even if the thickness of the protective layer is made
thick. As the material to be constituting the lower refractive index layer, it is
not limited at all so long as it has a lower refractive index than that of the protective
layer.
[0083] In the storage panel of the present invention, it is effective to employ, as a material
for the protective layer supporting member, a material which has higher moisture-absorption
characteristics than those of the stimulable phosphor.
[0084] In this case, as the material for the protective layer supporting member, there may
be employed, for example, water absorptive polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl
alcohol copolymer, polyacrylamide, polyglycine, polymethacylic acid, polyacrylic acid,
polyvinyl pyrroli done, polyvinyl amine, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate,
Nylon 4, Nylon 6, Nylon 12, Nylon 66 (all tradenames), polyvinyl acetate, polymethylallyl
alcohol, etc., or a moisture absorptive sheet dispersing a moisture absorbing agent
such as a silica gel, calcium carbonate, etc. in a polymer, and the like.
[0085] A spacer 6 may have shapes, for example, as shown in Figs. 9 to 12. In addition,
whole parts of the spacer comprise a material having moisture-absorption characteristics.
That is, it takes various shapes that a part of the spacer comprises a material having
moisture-absorption characteristics.
[0086] In this case, the storage panel of the present invention may preferably have a structure
such as that shown in Fig. 8, where the outside of the spacer or edges of the storage
panel are sealed with a sealing member 82 since moistureproof effect can be heightened.
Particularly, it is preferred that the spacer portion having moisture-absorption
characteristics should not be exposed to the open air directly. Also, the above structure
should be done in case that the moisture permeability of the spacer exceeds 10 g/m²·24
hr.
[0087] For sealing, the methods wherein sealing is carried out by glass fusion using the
above sealing member or a glass for sealing such as a low melting point glass, etc.,
or by sealing at an elongated portion of the protective layer may be mentioned. Particularly,
the glass fusion is excellent in hermetic property. In this case, the spacer may only
adhere to the support and/or the protective layer.
[0088] For providing better moisture resistance to the storage panel of the present invention,
it is prefered to make a structure in which, as shown in Fig. 6, a first moistureproof
member with a thickness the same with or thicker than that of the stimulable phosphor
layer is provided between the support and the protective layer so as to seal edges
of the stimulable phosphor layer. And a void portion formed by the first moistureproof
member, the support and the protective layer is filled with a second moistureproof
member.
[0089] In Fig. 6, 1 is a protective layer, 2 is a lower refractive index layer, 3 is a
stimulable layer, 4 is a support, 7a is a first moistureproof member and 7b is a second
moistureproof member.
[0090] The storage panel of the present invention shown in Fig. 6 has, on a support 4, a
stimulable layer 3 and a protective layer 1 in this order and it includes, as the
other constituting elements, a first moistureproof member 7a and a second moistureproof
member 7b. The first moistureproof member 7a is provided at edge portions of the stimulable
layer 3, and one end of the first moistureproof member 7a is adhered to the support,
and the other end thereof is adhered to the protective layer 1. Also, edge portions
of the stimulable layer 3 and the first moistureproof member 7a may be contacted with
or separated from each other. In a void portion of the edge portions of the first
moistureproof member, or the void portion formed by the protective layer 1, the first
moistureproof member 7a and the support, a second moistureproof member 7b is filled
therein.
[0091] In the storage panel of the present invention shown in Fig. 6, it is the most important
characteristic feature that the first moistureproof member and the second moistureproof
member are present between the support and the protective layer. Here, the second
moistureproof member functions to prevent permeation of water from outer atmos phere
into inside of the storage panel, and the first moistureproof member functions to
prevent permeation of a small amount of water which is passed through the second moistureproof
member to the side of the stimulable layer.
[0092] The first moistureproof member and the second moistureproof member are not limited
so long as they have moisture resistance, but it is preferred that moisture permeability
of the first moistureproof member is lower than that of the second moistureproof member.
Objects of the first moistureproof member include constantly maintaining the distance
between the support and the protective layer by supporting the protective layer as
well as to prevent permeation of a small amount of water passed through the second
moistureproof member to the side of the stimulable layer. An object of the second
moistureproof member is to prevent permeation of water from the outer atmosphere in
the bud.
[0093] Accordingly, from such a difference of the objects, moisture permeability of both
of the moistureproof member is preferably regulated as follows. That is, it is preferred
that the first moistureproof member preferably has moisture permeability of 10 g/m²·24
hr or less, and more preferably 5 g/m²·24 hr or less. Also, moisture permeability
of the second moistureproof member is preferably 20 g/m²·24 hr or less, and more preferably
10 g/m²·24 hr or less. Here, the moisture permeability was measured according to
the cup method (JIS Z 0208). Further, moisture permeability at the adhered portion
of the moistureproof material with the protective layer and the support is preferably
the same or inferior to that of the moistureproof member.
[0094] Also, as the second moistureproof member, from its object, it is required to adhere
to the support and the protective layer.
[0095] As the first moistureproof member, preferably used are, for example, those which
are processed into a sheet such as glass, ceramic, metal, polymer materials, etc.
[0096] Here, as the materials using a glass, a chemically reinforced glass, a crystallized
glass, etc. may be mentioned. As the materials using a ceramics, a sintered plate
of alumina or zirconia may be mentioned. As the materials using a metal, a metal sheet
or a metal plate of aluminum, iron, copper, chromium, etc., or materials of which
the above metal sheet or the metal plate is coated with an oxide of the above metal
may be mentioned. As the materials using a polymer material, films of cellulose acetate,
polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate, polycarbonate,
etc. may be mentioned.
[0097] As the second moistureproof member, materials as in the first moistureproof member
may be exemplified, but in addition to the above, there may be mentioned a resin which
cures by mixing two liquids such as a two pack-type urethane series adhesive agent,
a two pack-type modified acrylate series adhesive agent, a two pack-type modified
acrylic series adhesive agent, a two pack-type epoxy series adhesive agent to effect
polycondensation reaction or cross-linking reaction; or a radiation cure type resin
which cures an energy of an electromagnetic wave or a corpuscular beam by irradiation
of an electromagnetic wave or a corpuscular beam such as X-ray, α-ray, β-ray, γ-ray,
high energy neutron beam, electron beam, ultraviolet ray, etc.
[0098] The first moistureproof member is positioned so as to surround the stimulable layer
after processing to the shape as shown in Fig. 7 when a sheet like member is used.
Fig. 7 is a drawing showing one example of the processed shape of the first moistureproof
member. Fig. 7A is one hollowed into the shape of box and it is particularly excellent
in moisture resistance due to its lack of a joint. Fig. 7B is one which combine two
moistureproof members having an L character shape, and Fig. 7C is one combining four
stick like sheets. For adhesion of the first moistureproof member and the support
or the protective layer, an adhesive agent to be used as the above second moistureproof
member may be applied as preferred ones. In case where moisture resistance of the
second moisturproof member is high and moisture permeability thereof is 5.0 g/m²·24
hr or less, the first moistureproof member may function substantially only to retain
the protective layer. In this case, the first moistureproof member must not necessarily
to adhere to the support and the protective layer.
[0099] In the case where a sheet like material is used as the second moistureproof member,
it is necessary to adhere this with the support and the protective layer, and as the
adhesive agent to be used therefor, the adhesive agent which is used as the above
second moistureproof member may be used.
[0100] Thicknesses of the first and the second moistureproof members may not be limited
so long as they are the same or thicker than that of the stimulable layer.
[0101] Widths of the first and the second moistureproof members are preferably as wide as
possible since moisture resistance becomes high, but practically it is 1 to 30 mm,
more preferably 2 to 10 mm. If the width is too narrow, not only moisture resistance
becomes low but also moisture resistance remarkably lowers due to defects such as
pinholes. If the width is too wide, it is not preferred since the effectively utilizable
area of the storage panel decreases.
[0102] In the case where a lower refractive index layer is provided, it is necessary to
make the thicknesses of the first and the second moistureproof members the same with
or thicker than that of the stimulable layer. Even if the thicknesses of the first
and the second moistureproof members are the same with that of the stimulable layer,
if the stimulable layer is not adhered to the protective layer with an adhesive agent,
etc., a lower refractive index layer can be provided between the protective layer
and the stimulable layer.
[0103] Also, in the storage panel of the present invention shown in Fig. 6, a first moistureproof
member 7a and a second moistureproof member 7b are provided between a support 4 and
a protective layer 1 and modulus of elasticity of the first moistureproof member may
be made lower than that of the second moistureproof member. Here, the second moistureproof
member functions to prevent permeation of water from the outer atmosphere into the
inside of the storage panel, and the first moistureproof member functions to prevent
permeation of a small amount of water which is passed through the second moistureproof
member to the side of the stimulable layer.
[0104] The first moistureproof member and the second moistureproof member are not limited
so long as they have moisture resistance and so long as modulus of elasticity of the
first moistureproof member is lower than that of the second moistureproof member.
However, it is preferred that moisture permeability of the first moistureproof member
is lower than that of the second moistureproof member since an object of the first
moistureproof member is to constantly maintain the distance between the support and
the protective layer by supporting the protective layer as well as to prevent permeation
of a small amount of water passed through the second moistureproof member to the side
of the stimulable layer, and an object of the second moistureproof member is to prevent
permeation of water from the outer atmosphere into the bud.
[0105] As the first moistureproof member, preferably used are, for example, those which
are processed into a sheet such as glass, ceramic, metal, polymer materials, etc.
[0106] Here, as the materials using a glass, a chemically reinforced glass, a crystallized
glass, etc. may be mentioned. As the materials using a ceramics, a sintered plate
of alumina or zirconia may be mentioned. As the materials using a metal, a metal sheet
or a metal plate of aluminum, iron, copper, chromium, etc., or materials of which
the above metal sheet or the metal plate is coated with an oxide of the above metal
may be mentioned. As the materials using a polymer material, films of cellulose acetate,
polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate, polycarbonate,
polyethylene, epoxy resin, etc.; sheets of butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile
rubber, isoprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, isobutylene rubber,
isobutylene-isoprene rubber, acrylic rubber, polysulfide synthetic rubber, urethane
rubber, natural rubber, propylene rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, silicone
rubber, fluorine rubber, etc. may be mentioned.
[0107] As the second moistureproof member, materials as in the first moistureproof member
may be exemplified, but in addition to the above, there may be mentioned a resin which
cures by mixing two liquids such as a two pack-type urethane series adhesive agent,
a two pack-type modified acrylate series adhesive agent, a two pack-type modified
acrylic series adhesive agent, a two pack-type epoxy series adhesive agent to effect
polycondensation reaction or cross-linking reaction; or a radiation cure type resin
which cures an energy of an electromagnetic wave or a corpuscular beam by irradiation
of an electromagnetic wave or a corpuscular beam such as X-ray, α-ray, β-ray, γ-ray,
high energy neutron beam, electron beam, ultraviolet ray, etc.
[0108] Here, the modulus of elasticity herein mentioned means the longitudinal modulus (Young's
modulus), and the above moistureproof member is so selected that the modulus of elasticity
of the first moistureproof member is lower than that of the second moistureproof member.
By setting the modulus of elasticity of the first moistureproof member lower than
that of the second moistureproof member, it can be possible to prevent defects of
a protective layer and/or a support of the storage panel by absorbing thermal strain
at sealing of the storage panel using the second moistureproof member. Examples of
the combination of such a first moistureproof member and a second moistureproof member,
there may be mentioned urethane rubber-polyethylene, polyethylene-epoxy resin, polyamide-unsaturated
polyester, silicone rubber-epoxy resin, etc.
[0109] The storage panel of the present invention may have a structure, as shown schematic
sectional view in Fig. 22, such that edge portions of the stimulable layer may be
sealed with a sealing medium comprising an elastomer having moistureproof characteristics
and low modulus of elasticity (hereinafter abbreviated to "elastic sealing medium").
[0110] In Fig. 22, 1 is a protective layer, 2 is a lower refractive index layer, 3 is a
stimulable layer, 4 is a support, 10 is an elastic sealing medium and 5 is a protective
layer supporting member.
[0111] The storage panel has, as shown in Fig. 22A, on a support 4, a stimulable layer 3,
a lower refractive index layer 2 and a protective layer 1 in this order. Edge portions
of the stimulable layer 3 is sealed with an elastic sealing medium 10 as shown in
Fig. 9. By sealing with this elastic sealing medium 10, the stimulable layer 3 is
shut out from outer atmosphere so that permeation of water is prevented. Also, in
the storage panel of the present invention, the embodiment having a lower refractive
index layer 5 between the stimulable layer 2 and the protective layer 1 is included.
Further included in the storage panel of the present invention shown in Fig. 2A is
the embodiment having a protective layer supporting member 5 provided at edge portions
of the stimulable layer 3 and edge portions of the protective layer supporting member
5 sealed with an elastic sealing medium 10.
[0112] An elastic sealing medium to be used in the storage panel of the present invention
shown in Fig. 22 comprises an elastomer having moisture resistance and low modulus
of elasticity. Accordingly, those which can prevent permeation of water from outside,
and absorb warpage or strain due to difference of thermal expansion coefficients between
the support and the protective layer caused by heat at preparation steps or temperature
change at the time of using the storage panel so that no damage is provided to the
stimulable layer are preferred.
[0113] Regarding moisture resistance of the elastomer constituting the elastic sealing
medium, it preferable to have moisture permeability at the state of sealing the storage
panel be 20 g/m²·24 hr or less, more preferably 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
[0114] Also, the modulus of elasticity mentioned in the present invention means the longitudinal
modulus (Young's modulus), and the modulus of elasticity of the elastomer constituting
the above elastic sealing medium is preferably 100 kg/mm² or less, more preferably
10 kg/mm² or less.
[0115] As such elastic sealing media, there may be mentioned, for example, low-density polyethylene,
soft epoxy resin, natural rubber, propylene rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber,
silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile
rubber, isoprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, isobutylene rubber,
isobutylene-isoprene rubber, acrylic rubber, polysulfide synthetic rubber, urethane
rubber, etc.
[0116] Sealing of a support and a protective layer of a storage panel due to the above elastic
sealing medium may be carried out by pouring a liquid sealing medium into void portion
formed by the support and the protective layer and then solidifying the sealing medium.
Alternatively, elastic sealing medium which is previously molded into a sheet shape
can be used.
[0117] A width of the elastic sealing medium is determined mainly in connection with moisture
resistance at the adhered portion of this elastic sealing medium with the support
and the protective layer, and it is preferred to be in the range of 1 to 30 mm. If
the width of the elastic sealing medium is too small, it is not preferred due to points
of stability, strength and moisture resistance of the elastic sealing medium. Also,
if it is too large, it is not preferred since the storage panel becomes a large sized
one exceeding necessity. Moisture permeability at the adhered portion of the elastic
sealing medium with the support and the protective layer may preferably be 20 g/m²·24
hr or less.
[0118] It is necessary to adhere the elastic sealing medium to the support and the protective
layer in order to provide moisture resistance to the storage panel. Here, in order
to adhere the elastic sealing medium to the support and the protective layer, when
the elastic sealing medium is a sheet shape, for example, an adhesive member, etc.
is used as shown in Fig. 5. As the adhesive member, those having moisture resistance
are preferred. More specifically, there may be employed an organic polymer series
adhesive agent such as an epoxy series resin, a phenol series resin, a cyanoacrylate
series resin, a vinyl acetate series resin, a vinyl chloride series resin, a polyurethane
series resin, an acrylic series resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate series resin, a
polyolefin series resin, a chloroprene series rubber, a nitrile series rubber, etc.,
or a silicone series adhesive agent, etc.
[0119] In the storage panel of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 22B, the protective
layer supporting member may be made its constituting element. In this case, it is
preferred since a refractive index layer can be provided as in the embodiment shown
in Fig. 3. In the case where the protective layer supporting member is provided as
mentioned above, sealing by an elastic sealing medium is effected at edge portions
of the protective layer supporting member as shown in Fig. 22B.
[0120] As the protective layer supporting member, materials having moisture resistance and/or
elastic property as in the elestic sealing medium are preferred. For example, a glass,
ceramic, and various kinds of polymer sheets may be mentioned. In case where the protective
layer supporting member has insufficient elastic property, the protective layer supporting
member is preferably not adhered and fixed to both the support and the protective
layer at the same time.
[0121] The elastic sealing medium may have a shape, for example, as shown in Fig. 23. That
is, it may have various shapes such that a part of the elastic sealing medium is an
elastic sealing medium 10a (sealing medium having a low modulus of elasticity) and
the other part is a non-elactic sealing medium 10b (sealing medium having a high modulus
of elasticity).
[0122] Next, a process for preparing the storage panel will be explained by referring to
one example.
[0123] First, after forming a stimulable layer on a support according to the coating method
or the vapor phase build-up method, a protective layer supporting member is adhered
onto the support by an adhesive agent so as to surround the stimulable layer. Next,
one end of the protective layer supporting member (opposite portion to the adhered
portion of the support) is similarly adhered to the protective layer. By carrying
out the chain of steps in the normal atmosphere, a lower refractive index layer of
an air layer can be made. Also, by injecting a liquid from a void provided at a part
of the protective layer or by making vacuum, a lower refactive layer can be made a
liquid layer or a vacuum layer.
[0124] Other processes for preparing the storage panel will be explanined by referring to
examples.
[0125] First, after forming a stimulable layer on a support according to the vapor phase
build-up method such as the vacuum deposition method, a first moistureproof member
is adhered onto the support by an adhesive agent so as to surround the stimulable
layer. Next, one end of the first moistureproof member (opposite portion to the adhered
portion of the support) is similarly adhered to the protective layer. Thereafter,
by filling a second moistureproof member as shown in Fig. 6, the storage panel can
be obtained.
[0126] Another method which may be applied is the method in which after a first moistureproof
member is adhered onto a support (or a protective layer) with an adhesive agent, a
second moistureproof member is provided at the outside of the first moistureproof
member, and then a protective layer (or a support) is covered thereon and adhered.
[0127] Also available is the process for preparing the storage panel in which a notch which
functions as a vent hole is formed on a protective layer and after heating and drying
the radiation image storage panel, said notch is closely sealed.
[0128] Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 schematically show one example of the storage panel prepared
according to the present invention and 1 is a protective layer, 2 is a lower refractive
index layer, 3 is a stimulable layer, 4 is a support, 5 is a protective layer supporting
member and 6 is a sealing medium sealed a notch.
[0129] A notch of a spacer may be present at any portion of the spacer and may be any spot,
but preferably 1 or 2 spots. The width of the notch may vary depending on the size
of the storage panel and numbers of notch(es), but it is suitably selected from the
range of 2 to 40 mm. If the width is to narrow, drying is not sufficiently carried
out. On the other hand, if it is too wide, it is not preferred since sealing or close
with an adhesive agent becomes difficult and durability lowers.
[0130] Heating and drying are carried out at 40 to 100 °C for 0.1 to 3 hours and preferably
under reduced pressure which gives a high moistureproof effect.
[0131] Immediately after heating and drying, a notch(es) is sealed to close by using, for
example, the above adhesive agent. After drying, if air in the inner portion of the
storage panel is replaced with a dried gas, it is preferred since initial characteristics
of the storage panel can be improved. Also, it is preferred that sealing of the notch(es)
is carried out in a dried gas atmosphere since permeation of water from the notch(es)
can be prevented.
[0132] Since the radiation image storage panel prepared according to the present invention
is maintained in a dried state in its inner portion, the storage panel in which the
stimulable layer is hardly deteriorated and in which initial characteristics are
improved can be provided.
[0133] In the present invention, it is preferred that a dried gas is encapsulated between
the above-mentioned support and the protective layer. Preferred dried gas to be used
may include an inert gas such as He, Ne, Ar, etc., or O₂, H₂, N₂, CO₂, air, etc.,
and these gases may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Prefered are
an inert gas and N₂.
[0134] The moisture content of the dried gas is 5.0 mg/liter or less, preferably 0.2 mg/liter
or less and more preferably 0.02 mg/liter or less.
[0135] The pressure of the dried gas is preferably made slightly higher than that used by
the storage panel in order to avoid permeation of water from the outside into the
storage panel.
[0136] The dried gas is, for example, as shown in Figs. 13 to 16, encapsulated between layers
of a support and a protective layer. It is preferred that the protective layer which
is thick and is low in moisture permeability is used and yet a dried gas is present
between layers of a stimulable layer and a protective layer to form a lower refractive
index layer since both moisture resistance and sharpness are excellent.
[0137] Further, it is preferred as shown in Fig. 17 that a spacer (a protective layer supporting
member 5) be provided.
[0138] In the storage panel of the present invention, in order to encapsulate a dried gas,
for example, the following method can be employed.
[0139] After a storage panel comprising a support, a stimulable layer and a protective layer
is formed according to any of the above-mentioned methods, when sealing its edges
with a sealing medium, one vent hole (notch) is provided at the portion to be sealed
and after sucking to create a vaccum, the inner portion is leaked with the above-mentioned
dried gas and the vent hole is sealed. It is preferred that the suction to create
vacuum be carried out under heat since elimination of water can be carried out effectively.
Also, by connecting the notch portion and a vacuum line directly and then sealing
by cutting the connecting line after replacement with the dried gas, permeation of
water can be prevented more effectively.
[0140] Another method which can be employed includes that the method in which two or more
notches are formed at the sealing portion, a dried gas is inlet from one notch portion
to pass through the dried gas in the storage panel, replacement is effected with the
dried gas, and then the notches are sealed. At this time, it is preferred that the
above procedure also be carried out under heat since permeation of water can be prevented
more effectively.
[0141] If a dried gas in encapsulated in the storage panel, the inside of the storage panel
is maintained at the dried state and the pressure therein is maintained higher than
the external pressure so that water hardly permeates from a protective layer or a
sealed portion of edges.
[0142] In the radiation image storage panel of the present invention, in the case that
edge portions are sealed with a sealing medium, it is more effective to provide a
hygroscopic agent between layers of a support and a protective layer.
[0143] Fig. 18 shows one example of the storage panel of the present invention schematically,
and 1 is a protective layer, 3 is a stimulable layer, 4 is a support, 8 is a sealing
medium and 9 is a hygroscopic agent,
[0144] As the hygroscopic agent to be used in the present invention, there may be mentioned
silica gel, CaCl₂, LiCl, etc., or an organic polymer compound having high hygroscopicity
such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, etc. They may be used
as they are or may be used after molding, or else they may be used after being added
into a resin.
[0145] The hygroscopic agent may be employed in an amount such that water hygroscopic content
becomes 0.1 to 50 mg per one gram of a stimulable phosphor.
[0146] The hygroscopic agent may be present at any position so long as it exists between
layers of a support and a protective layer, excluding the case in which it exists
between the stimulable layer which is in the region using an image by converting an
accumulated X-ray energy and a protective layer. The hygroscopic agent may be present
continuously or discontinuously. The preferred state is that in which the hygroscopic
agent is present between a support and a protective layer and is filled between the
outside portion of a stimulable layer and a sealing medium without gaps.
[0147] When a lower refactive index layer comprising a gaseous layer is provided, as shown
in Fig. 20, a spacer 6 may be provided between a protective layer and a support in
order to retain a space between a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective layer.
[0148] Since a hygroscopic agent is incorporated in this radiation image storage panel,
water permeated from a sealing portion of edge portions of the storage panel can be
absorbed and eliminated, and also water contained in the stimulable layer at the time
of preparation of the storage panel can be absorbed and eliminated. Thus, initial
characteristics can be improved without deterioration of the stimulable layer by water.
[0149] Therefore, according to the present invention, there can be provided a storage panel
which shows excellent characteristics even when it is used under severe conditions
of temperature and humidity even using a stimulable phosphor which is low in humidity
resistance.
[0150] The stimulable phosphors constituting the stimulable layer of the storage panel according
to the present invention include phosphors which emit, after irradiation by an initial
light or high energy radiation source, a stimulation (stimulating excitation) of
an optical, thermal, mechanical, chemical or electrical nature in response to the
irradiation dose of the initial light or high energy radiation source. For such reasons,
in practical uses, stimulable phosphors which can exhibit stimulated emission at a
stimulating exciatation light of 500 nm or more are preferred. Such stimulable phosphors
may include, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication
No. 80487/1973, those represented by BaSO₄:Ax; as disclosed in Japanese Provisional
Patent Publication No. 80489/1973, those represented by SrSO₄:Ax; as dislosed in Japanese
Provisional Patent Publication No. 39277/1978, those represented by Li₂B₄O₇:Cu,Ag,
etc.; as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 47883/1979, those
represented by Li₂O·(B₂O₂)x:Cu and Li₂O·(B₂O₂)x:Cu,Ag, etc.; and as disclosed in
U.S. Patent NO. 3,859,527, those represented by SrS:Ce,Sm, SrS:Eu,Sm, La₂O₂S:Eu,Sm
and (Zn,Cd)S:Mn,X.
[0151] Also, as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 12142/1980, ZnS:Cu,Pb
phosphor, a barium aluminate phosphor represented by the formula: BaO·xAl₂O₃:Eu,
and an alkaline earth metal silicate type phosphor represented by the formula: M
II·xSiO₂:A may be mentioned. Further, an alkaline earth fluorohalogenated phosphor represented
by the formula:
(Ba
1-x-yMG
xCa
y)FX:Eu²⁺
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 12143/1980; a phosphor
represented by the formula:
LnOX:xA
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 12144/1980; a phosphor
represented by the formula:
(Ba
1-xM
IIx)FX:yA
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 12145/1980; a phosphor
represented by the formula:
BaFX:xCe,yA
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 84389/1980; a rare earth
element activated divalent metal fluorohalide phosphor represented by the formula:
M
IIFX·xA:yLn
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 160078/1980; phosphors
represented by the formulae: ZnS:A, CdS:A, (Zn,Cd)S:A, ZnS:A,X and CdS:A,X; a phosphor
represented by either one of the formula:
xM₃(PO₄)₂·NX₂:yA,
M₃(PO₄)₂:yA
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 38278/1984; a phosphor
represented by either one of the formula:
nReX₃·mAX₂·xEu
nReX₃·mAX₂·xEu,ySm
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 155487/1984; an alkali
halide phosphor represented by the formula:
M
IX·aM
IIX′₂·bM
IIIX˝₃:cA
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 72087/1986; and a bismuth
activated alkali halide phosphor represented by the formula:
M
IX:xBi
as disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 228400/1986 may be mentioned.
Particularly, the alikali halide phosphors are preferred since a stimulable layer
is easily formed by methods such as vapor evaporation, sputtering, etc.
[0152] However, the stimulable phosphor to be used in the radiation image storage panel
of the present invention is not limited to those described above, but any phosphor
which can exhibit stimulated fluorescence when irradiated with a stimulating excitation
light after irradiation of radiation may be useful. Since the storage panel of the
present invention can prevent permeation of water from the outside, an alkaline earth
fluorohalide phosphor, or an alkali halide phosphor, for example, which are normally
easily deteriorated by water may be used as the phosphor so that the effect of the
present invention is great.
[0153] The stimulable layer of the storage panel according to the present invention may
have a group of stimulable phosphor layers containing one or more stimulable phosphor
layers comprising at least one of the stimulable phosphors as mentioned above. Also,
the stimulable phosphor to be contained in respective stimulable phosphor layers may
be either identical or different.
[0154] As the method for forming the stimulable layer, the coating method as disclosed
in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 12600/1981 may be applied, or the gas
phase build-up method such as the vapor evaporation method may be applied.
[0155] The stimulable layer formed by the gas phase build-up method becomes high in packing
density and also high in radiation sensitivity as compared with the stimulable layer
formed by the coating method.
[0156] The thickness of the stimulable phosphor layer in the storage panel, which may differ
depending on the sensitivity of the panel to radiation, the kind of the stimulable
phosphor, etc., may preferably be within the range of from 10 to 1000 µm, more preferably
from 30 to 800 µm when no binder is used, and may preferably be within the range of
from 20 to 1000 µm, more preferably from 50 to 500 µm when a binder is used.
[0157] As the support to be used in the present invention, various kinds of polymer materials,
glass, ceramic, metal, etc. may be mentioned.
[0158] Acceptable polymer materials include, for example, a film such as cellulose acetate,
polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate, polycarbonate,
etc. Acceptable metals include a metal sheet or a metal plate such as aluminum, iron,
copper, chromium, etc., or a metal sheet or a metal plate having a coating layer of
an oxide of the metal. Acceptable glasses include a chemically reinforced glass or
a crystallized glass. Also, acceptable ceramics include a sintered plate of alumina
and zirconia may be mentioned.
[0159] Also, the layer thickness of these supports may vary depending on the material quality
or the like of the supports to be used, but may generally range from 80 µm to 5 mm,
more preferably from 200 µm to 3 mm from the viewpoint of handling. The layer thickness
of the support is preferably a thickness at which its moisture permeability is 10
g/m²·24 hr or less from the viewpoint of moistureproof property, more preferably
a thickness at which the moisture permeability is 5 g/m²·24 hr or less.
[0160] The surface of these supports may be smooth, or may be a matted surface in order
to improve adhesiveness with a stimulable layer. Also, the surface of these supports
may be a concave-convex surface, or may be a surface structure in which separate and
independent fine tile plates are closely disposed thereon.
[0161] Further, to improve the adhesion between the support and the phosphor layer, these
supports may be provided with a subbing layer on the surface on which the phosphor
layer is provided, or if necessary, a light reflective layer or a light absorbing
layer, etc. may be provided.
[0162] As disclosed in Japanese Provisional Patent Publication No. 220492/1986, a radiation
image storage panel original body comprising a support and a stimulable layer is contained
in a protective bag comprising a polymer film and side edge portions may be sealed.
In this case, a lower refractive index layer may previously be formed on the surface
of the stimulable layer or may be formed on the surface opposite to the stimulable
layer in the protective bag. Or a lower refractive index layer may be formed by providing
a gaseous layer of a vacuum layer between the protective layer and the stimulable
layer.
[0163] As the sealing method of the protective bag, the heat sealing method, the high frequency
sealing method, the ultrasonic sealing method, etc. are preferred but it may be employed
the method in which after coating an adhesive agent, contact bonding or thermal contact
bonding is carried out.
[0164] In the storage panel of the present invention, the protective layer may also have
a role of support. In this case, the support mentioned in this invention does not
necessarily have to have the function of supporting a stimulable layer.
[0165] The storage panel of the present invention is employed for the radiation image storage
method as schematically illustrated in Fig. 21.
[0166] In Fig. 21, the numeral 41 denotes a radiation generator, 42 is a subject, 43 is
a storage panel according to the present invention, 44 is a stimulating excitation
light source, 45 is a photoelectric transducer to detect stimulated emission radiated
from the panel, 46 is a unit to reproduce as an image the signals detected by 45,
47 is a unit to display a reproduced image, and 48 is a filter to separate the stimulating
excitation light and stimulated emission, passing only the stimulated emission. Incidentally,
45 and thereafter are not limited by the above so long as they can reproduce optical
information from 43 as an image in any form.
[0167] As shown in Fig. 21, the radiation from the radiation generator 41 is made incident
on the panel of the present invention through the subject 42. This radiation thus
made incident is absorbed in the phosphor layer of the panel 43, where its energy
is accumulated and an accumulated image of the radiation-transmitted image is formed.
[0168] Next, this accumulated image is excited by the stimulating excitation light from
the stimulating excitation light source 44 and emitted as a stimulated emission.
[0169] The strength of the stimulated emission thus radiated is proporitonal to the amount
of accumulated radiation energy. Accordingly, this light signal may be subjected to
photoelectrical conversion by means of the photoelectric transducer 45 as exemplified
by a photomultiplier tube, reproduced as an image by the image-reproducing unit 46,
and displayed by the image display unit 47, so that the radiation-transmitted image
of the subject can be observed.
EXAMPLES
[0170] The present invention will be explained below by referring to Examples.
Example 1
[0171] On a crystallized glass support having a thickness of 500 µm, an alkali halide phosphor
(RbBr:0.0006Tl) was vapor evaporated with a thickness of 300 µm using a vapor evaporation
device.
[0172] Subsequently, on the above stimulable layer, a protective layer having a thickness
of 550 µm and a lower refractive index layer were provided by the combination as shown
in Table 5, provided that numerals in the parentheses in the table show the refractive
index.

Example 2
[0173] On a crystallized glass support having a thickness of 500 µm, an alkali halide phosphor
(RbBr:0.0006Tl) was vapor evaporated with a thickness of 300 µm using a vapor evaporation
device.
[0174] Subsequently, on the above stimulable layer, a protective layer having a thickness
of 550 µm, a lower refractive index layer and a higher refractive index layer were
provided by the combination as shown in Table 6, provided that numerals in the parentheses
in the table show the refractive index.

[0175] After formation of the stimulable layer regarding Samples Nos. 2 to 4, and after
formation of the lower refractive index layer regarding Samples Nos. 6 to 8, a glass
sheet having the width of 5 mm was adhered and formed on the support so as to surround
the above stimulable layers, respectively. This glass sheet layer was selected such
a material that the thickness of the lower refractive index layer becomes ones as
shown in Tables 5 and 6. After vacuum drying, other surfaces of the above glass sheet
and the protective layers shown in Table 5 were provided to Samples Nos. 2 to 4, respectively,
in the same manner as mentioned above.
Comparative example 1
[0176] Also, as the comparative example, using the same support and the stimulable layer,
comparative samples A and B were prepared by adhering protective layers to the stimulable
layer with a polyurethane type adhesive agent as shown in Table 7 without providing
a lower refractive index layer and a higher reflactive index layer.
Table 7
A |
B |
PET 10 µm |
Glass 550 µm |
[0177] In each of samples, vacuum drying was carried out under the conditions of 80 °C and
10⁻³ Torr for one hour.
[0178] Regarding the above Samples, moistureproof properties and sharpness by MTF were checked,
respectively.
[0179] Samples Nos. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 and Comparative sample B showed good moistureproof
properties, respectively, and they caused no lowering in radiation sensitivity even
when they had been allowed to stand under the conditions of temperature of 40 °C and
humidity of 90 % for 48 hours. Also, deterioration in accumulated energy until accepting
stimulable light irradiation is extremely small.
[0180] In Samples Nos. 4 and 8, slight deteriorations have been admitted but they are practically
acceptable. In Sample A, deterioration in accumulated energy until accepting stimulable
light irradiation is extremely large so that it becomes a serial problem for practical
use.
[0181] In Table 8, MTF values at spatial frequencies of 1 lp/mm and 2 lp/mm of each sample
are shown. While Comparative Sample B remarkably lowered in sharpness by providing
the glass protective layer having 550 µm thickness, Samples 1 to 8 show little lowering
in sharpness even though they have the thick protective layer of 550 µm which is the
same with the comparative Sample B.
[0182] Particularly, in Samples Nos. 2 to 4 and 6 to 8, sharpnesses of which are the same
with that of Comparative Sample A which has the thin protective layer and shows high
sharpness, whereby they can endure clinical uses.
Table 8
Sample |
MTF (%) |
|
1 lp/mm |
2 lp/mm |
1 |
57 |
28 |
2 |
62 |
34 |
3 |
66 |
36 |
4 |
64 |
38 |
5 |
59 |
29 |
6 |
64 |
34 |
7 |
67 |
37 |
8 |
65 |
38 |
A |
64 |
35 |
B |
41 |
20 |
Example 3
[0183] On a crystallized glass support having a thickness of 500 µm, an alkali halide phosphor
(RbBr:0.0006Tl) was vapor evaporated with a thickness of 300 µm using a vapor evaporation
device.
[0184] Subsequently, on the above stimulable layer, a protective layer and a lower refractive
index layer were provided by the combination as shown in Table 9, provided that numerals
in the parentheses in the table show the refractive index.
[0185] The protective layers in Table 9 had been formed by adhering two protective layers
having different absorption permeability with an adhesive agent, respectively.
[0186] Eval EFF in Table 9 is the tradename of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (produced
by Kuraray Co.) and the ratio of copolymerized ethylene is 32 mole %.
Comparative example 2
[0187] Also, as the comparative example, using the same support and the stimulable layer,
comparative samples A, B and C were prepared by adhearing protective layers to the
stimulable layer with a polyurethane type adhesive agent as shown in Table 10 without
providing a lower refractive index layer and a higher refractive index layer.

[0188] In each of samples, after the stimulable layer vacuum evaporated on the support was
vacuum dried under the conditions of 80 °C and 10⁻³ Torr for one hour, edge portions
thereof were sealed. In Samples Nos. 9 and 10, as shown in Fig. 4, Eval EFF was provided
on the stimulable layer side, an air layer having 100 µm was provided between the
stimulable layer and the protective layer by providing a glass spacer having a thickness
of 400 µm, and edge portions of the protective layer and the support were sealed with
an epoxy resin type adhesive agent.
[0189] In Samples Nos. 11 and 12, the support on which the stimulable layer had been vacuum
evaporated was contained in a protective bag with polyethylene on the outside, and
vacuum sealed.
Comparative example 3
[0190] Comparative samples A, B and C were prepared by adhering the protective layer to
the stimulable layer and edge portions of the protective layer and the support were
sealed with an epoxy resin type adhesive agent.
[0191] Regarding the above Samples, moistureproof property and sharpness by MTF were checked,
respectively.
[0192] Samples Nos. 9, 10, 11 and 12 and Comparative sample B showed good moisture resistances,
respectively, and they caused no lowering in radiation sensitivity even when they
had been allowed to stand under the conditions of the temperature of 40 °C and the
humidity of 90 % for 48 hours. Also, deterioration in accumulated energy until accepting
stimulable light irradiation is extremely small.
[0193] In Comparative Samples A and C, deterioration in accumulated energy until accepting
stimulable light irradiation is extremely large so that it becomes a serial problem
for practical use.
[0194] In Table 11, MTF values at spatial frequencies of 1 lp/mm and 2 lp/mm of each sample
are shown. While Comparative Samples B and C remarkably lowered in sharpness by providing
the relatively thick protective layer, Samples 9 to 12 show little lowering in sharpness
even though they have the thick protective layer.
[0195] Samples Nos. 9 to 12 show sharpnesses which are the same with or superior to that
of Comparative Sample A which had the thin protective layer and shows high sharpness.
These samples further show excellent humidity resistance.
Table 11
Sample |
MTF (%) |
|
1 lp/mm |
2 lp/mm |
9 |
66 |
36 |
10 |
64 |
37 |
11 |
70 |
38 |
12 |
69 |
38 |
A |
64 |
35 |
B |
41 |
20 |
C |
46 |
37 |
Example 4
[0196] On a crystallized glass support having a thickness of 500 µm, an alkali halide phosphor
(RbBr:0.0006Tl) was vapor evaporated with a thickness of 300 µm using a vapor evaporation
device.
[0197] Subsequently, on the above stimulable layer, a protective layer having a thickness
of 550 µm, a lower refractive index layer and a higher refractive index layer were
provided by the combination as shown in Table 12, provided that numerals in the parentheses
in the table show the refractive index.

[0198] Eval EFF in Table 12 is the tradename of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (produced
by Kuraray Co.) and the ratio of copolymerized ethylene is 32 mole %. The equilibrium
moisture permeability of the Eval EFF at the temperature of 25 C and the relative
humidity of 65 % is 3.9 % and that of PET is 0.2 %.
Comparative example 4
[0199] As the Comparative Samples, Comparative Samples A and B used in Comparative example
1 were used.
[0200] In each of samples, after the stimulable layer vacuum evaporated on the support was
vacuum dried under the conditions of 80 °C and 10⁻³ Torr for one hour, edge portions
thereof were sealed with an epoxy resin type adhesive agent.
[0201] Samples Nos. 13 to 16 were, as shown in Fig. 4, made with the Eval EFF on the stimulable
layer side, and an air layer having 75 µm was provided between the higher refractive
index layer and the protective layer by providing a glass spacer having a thickness
of 400 µm.
[0202] Regarding the above Samples, moistureproof properties and sharpness by MTF were checked,
respectively.
[0203] Samples Nos. 13, 14 and 15 and Comparative sample B show good moistureproof properties,
respectively, and they cause no lowering in radiation sensitivity even when they had
been allowed to stand under the conditions of temperature of 40 °C and humidity of
90 % for 48 hours. Also, deterioration in accumulated energy until accepting stimulable
light irradiation is extremely small. Further, in Sample No. 13, radiation sensitivity
thereof is higher about 1.3-fold as compared with other Samples.
[0204] In Sample 16, slight deteriorations have been admitted but they are practically acceptable.
In Comparative Sample A, deterioration in accumulated energy until accepting stimulable
light irradiation is extremely large so that it becomes a serial problem for practical
use.
[0205] In Table 13, MTF values at spatial frequencies of 1 lp/mm and 2 lp/mm of each sample
are shown. While Comparative Sample B remarkably lowered in sharpness by providing
the relatively thick protective layer having a thickness of 550 µm, Samples No. 13
to 16 show little lowering in sharpness even though they have the thick protective
layer of 550 µm which is the same with the Comparative Sample B.
[0206] In samples Nos. 13 to 16, sharpnesses are the same as or superior to that of Comparative
Sample A which has the thin protective layer and shows high sharpness, and clinical
use can be endured. Also, Sample No. 13 shows particularly excellent characteristics
since it shows high radiation sensitivity as compared with others.
Table 13
Sample |
MTF (%) |
|
1 lp/mm |
2 lp/mm |
13 |
66 |
39 |
14 |
66 |
38 |
15 |
67 |
37 |
16 |
65 |
38 |
A |
65 |
37 |
B |
40 |
21 |
Examples 5 to 7
[0207] On a crystallized glass support having a thickness of 500 µm, an alkali halide phosphor
(RbBr:0.0006Tl) was vapor evaporated with a thickness of 300 µm using a vapor evaporation
device to form a stimulable layer. Subsequently, on the support, a glass sheet having
a width of 5 mm was adhered with an epoxy resin type adhesive agent so as to surround
the above stimulable layer. This glass sheet was selected so as to become the thickness
of the lower refractive index layer shown in Table 14. Then, vacuum drying was carried
out under the conditions of 80 °C and 10⁻³ Torr for one hour. Next, the other surface
of the above glass sheet and the protective layer shown in Table 14 were adhered in
the same manner as mentioned above. By effecting the above series of steps in the
ambient atmosphere, the lower refractive index layer was made an air layer to give
the storage panel of the present invention. In Table 14, numerals in the parentheses
in the table show the refractive index.
Comparative example 5
[0208] Also, as the comparative samples, using the same support and the stimulable layer
as in the Examples, two kinds of protective layers (PET and glass) were adhered to
the stimulable layer with a polyurethane type adhesive agent without providing a lower
refractive index layer. Edge portions of the stimulable layer were sealed with a glass
sheet having a width of 5 mm and an epoxy resin type adhesive agent in the same manner
as in Examples 5 to 7. The samples thus formed are called Comparative Samples D and
E. Here, the Comparative Sample D was prepared to improve mainly sharpness (that in
which the protective layer was PET) and the Comparative Sample E was prepared to improve
mainly moistureproof property (that in which the protective layer was glass).

Examples 8 to 13
[0209] The storage panels of the present invention were prepared in the same manner as in
Examples 5 to 7 except for using those as shown in Table 15 as the protective layer
and the protective layer supporting member.

Examples 14 and 15
[0210] The storage panels of the present invention were prepared in the same manner as in
Example 13 except for using a phenol resin type adhesive agent (Example 14) and a
silicone resin type adhesive agent (Example 15) as an adhesive agent, respectively.
Examples 16 and 17
[0211] 8 parts by weight of BaFBr:Eu stimulable phosphor and 1 part by weight of polyvinyl
butyral resin were mixed and dispersed by using 5 parts by weight of a solvent (cyclohexanone)
to prepare a coating solution for forming a stimulable layer. Subsequently, the coating
solution was uniformly coated on a levelly placed crystallized glass having a thickness
of 500 µm and was allowed to dry naturally to form a stimulable layer having a thickness
of about 300 µm. Thereafter, on the support, a glass sheet having a width of 5 mm
was adhered with an epoxy resin type adhesive agent so as to surround the above stimulable
layer. This glass sheet was selected so as to become the thickness of the lower refractive
index layer shown in Table 16. Then, vacuum drying was carried out under the conditions
of at 80 °C and 10⁻³ Torr for one hour. Next, other surface of the above glass sheet
and the protective layer shown in Table 16 were adhered in the same manner as mentioned
above. By effecting the above series of steps in the ambient atmosphere, the lower
refractive index layer was made an air layer to give the storage panel of the present
invention.
Comparative example 6
[0212] Also, as Comparative Sample F, using the same support and the stimulable layer as
in the above Examples, PET was adhered to the stimulable layer with a polyurethane
type adhesive agent without forming a lower refractive index layer. Here, the Comparative
Sample F was prepared to improve mainly sharpness.

[0213] Next, regarding each storage panel of the above Examples and Comparative examples,
moistureproof property and sharpness were evaluated. The results are shown in Table
17.
[0214] The moistureproof property was evaluated from sensitivity lowering rate and fading
lowering rate after forced lowering in which the storage panel was allowed to stand
under the conditions of temperature of 40 °C and relative humidity of 95 % for 60
days. Test methods are as follows:
Sensitivity lowering rate P
[0215] After 10 mR of X-ray having a tube voltage of 80 kVp was irradiated to a storage
panel before a forced deterioration test, and after interval of 5 seconds, stimulaing
with semiconductor laser light (780 nm, 20 mW) and stimulated emission was photoelectrically
converted by a photomultiplier whereby sensitivity S
st (5 sec) of the storage panel before the deterioration test was measured from the degree
of the obtained electric signal. Also, in the same manner as mentioned above, sensitivity
S
60 (5 sec) of the storage panel after the deterioration test was measured.
[0216] From obtained each sensitivity, the sensitivity lowering rate was measured by the
following equation:

Fading lowering rate Q
[0217] Fading : F
ST (damping factor of an accumulated energy between irradiation of X-ray and reading
a signal with a laser beam) of a storage panel before the forced deterioration test
was measured by the following method. First, after 10 mR of X-ray having a tube voltage
of 80 kVp was irradiated to a storage panel, and after interval of 5 seconds, stimulaing
with semiconductor laser light (780 nm, 20 mW) and stimulated emission was photoelectrically
converted by a photomultiplier whereby a sensitivity S
st (5 sec) was measured from the degree of the obtained electric signal. Also, in the same manner
as mentioned above, a sensitivity S
st (120 sec) was measured from the electric signal obtained by stimulaing with an interval of
120 seconds after X-ray irradiation.
[0218] From obtained each sensitivity, fading F
st before the deterioration test was measured by the following equation:

[0219] In the same manner as mentioned above, fading F₆₀ of the storage panel after a forced
deterioration test was measured by the following equation:

[0220] From the F
ST and the F₆₀ thus obtained, the fading lowering rate was calculated from the following
equation:

Sharpness
[0221] Sharpness was evaluated by measuring the modulation transfer function (MTF) with
spatial frequencies of 1 lp/mm and 2 lp/mm with respect to the storage panel before
the forced deterioration test.
Table 17
|
Sensitivity lowering rate (%) |
Fading lowering rate (%) |
MTF |
|
|
|
1 lp/mm |
2 lp/mm |
Example 5 |
< 2 |
< 2 |
70 |
38 |
Example 6 |
< 2 |
< 2 |
71 |
36 |
Example 7 |
18 |
34 |
70 |
37 |
Example 8 |
< 2 |
< 2 |
70 |
37 |
Example 9 |
4.8 |
9.8 |
70 |
38 |
Example 10 |
< 2 |
2.1 |
71 |
38 |
Example 11 |
3.4 |
7.0 |
70 |
38 |
Example 12 |
11 |
25 |
71 |
37 |
Example 13 |
< 2 |
< 2 |
70 |
38 |
Example 14 |
< 2 |
2.5 |
71 |
38 |
Example 15 |
< 2 |
2.8 |
70 |
37 |
Example 16 |
< 2 |
< 2 |
65 |
34 |
Example 17 |
5.5 |
8.3 |
64 |
33 |
Comparative D |
94 |
99 |
76 |
36 |
Comparative E |
< 2 |
< 2 |
42 |
20 |
Comparative F |
38 |
46 |
64 |
35 |
[0222] While the storage panels of Examples 5 to 15 in Table 17 have thick protective layer,
they show little lowering in sharpness and endure clinical use. To the contrary, the
storage panel of Comparative Sample E which had glass of a thickness of 550 µm adhered
to the stimulable layer was remarkable lowered in sharpness. Regarding lowering in
the fading lowering rate, it is small in the storage panels of the examples and these
storage panels have sufficient himidity resistance. On the other hand, since the storage
panel of Comparative Sample S had used a thin protective layer, deterioration due
to water was remarkable whereby it could not endure clinical use.
[0223] The storage panels of Examples 16 and 17 in Table 17 also show excellent sharpness.
Also, sensitivity lowering rate and fading lowering rate due to the deterioration
test thereof are less as compared with that of the storage panel of Comparative Sample
F, and these storage panels had sufficient humidity resistance.
Examples 18 to 23
[0224] On a support shown in Table 18, an alkali halide phosphor (RbBr:0.0006Tl) was vapor
evaporated with a thickness of 300 µm using a vapor evaporation device to form a stimulable
layer. Subsequently, a first moistureproof member shown in Table 18 and having the
same thickness with that of the stimulable layer was adhered with an epoxy resin type
adhesive agent. Thereafter, in the same manner as mentioned above, a protective layer
was adhered to the above first moistureproof member. Next, a second moistureproof
member shown in Table 18 was filled to prepare the storage panel of the present invention.
[0225] Next, with respect to the storage panels, moistureproof property and shapness were
evaluated. The result of the moistureproof property tests are shown in Table 18.
[0226] The moistureproof property was evaluated from sensitivity lowering rate and fading
lowering rate after the storage panel was subjected to forced deterioration by allowing
it stand at the conditions of temperature of 40 °C and relative humidity of 97 %
for 80 days. The test methods are as mentioned above.
Example 24
[0227] The storage panel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 18 except for adhering
the protective layer and the stimulable layer with a polyurethane type adhesive agent.
With respect to this storage panel, the same tests were carried out as in Examples
18 to 23. The results are shown in Table 18.
Example 25
[0228] The storage panel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 18 except for forming
the stimulable layer by the method as shown below.
[0229] The method for forming the stimulable layer is as follows: 8 parts by weight of BaFBr:Eu
phosphor having an average particle size of 2 µm and 1 part by weight of polyvinyl
butyral (binder) were mixed and dispersed by using 5 parts by weight of a solvent
(cyclohexanone) to prepare a coating solution. Subsequently, the coating solution
was uniformly coated on a levelly placed support which is the same as in Example 18
and was allowed to stand day and night to form a stimulable layer.
[0230] With respect to the prepared storage panel, the same tests were carried out as in
Examples 18 to 23. The results are shown in Table 18.
Example 26
[0231] The storage panel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the
thickness of the first moistureproof member was made thicker than the stimulable
layer as shown in Table 18. With respect to this storage panel, the same tests were
carried out as in Examples 18 to 23. The results are shown in Table 18.
Example 27
[0232] The storage panel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 23 except that the
thickness of the first moistureproof member was made thicker than the stimulable
layer as shown in Table 18. With respect to this storage panel, the same tests were
carried out as in Examples 18 to 23. The results are shown in Table 18.
Comparative example 7
[0233] The storage panels G and H were prepared in the same manner as in Examples 17 to
23 except for using only a second moistureproof member as the moistureproof member.
With respect to these storage panels, the same tests were carried out as in Examples
18 to 23. The results are shown in Table 18.
Comparative example 8
[0234] The storage panel I was prepared in the same manner as in Examples 17 to 23 except
that RbBr:Tl was used as the phosphor, the stimulable layer was formed by the coating
method and polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 10 µm was used as the
protective layer. With respect to these storage panels, the same tests were carried
out as in Examples 18 to 23. The results are shown in Table 18.
Table 18
|
Protective layer |
First moistureproof member |
Second moistureproof member |
Sensitivity lowering rate (%), after 80 days |
Fading lowering rate (%), after 80 days |
Example 18 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 200 µm thickness |
Glass, 300 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Epoxy resin 5 mm width |
< 2 |
< 2 |
Example 19 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
Glass, 300 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Epoxy resin 5 mm width |
< 2 |
< 2 |
Example 20 |
Oriented polypropylene 2 mm thickness |
Glass, 300 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Epoxy resin 7 mm width |
5.1 |
10 |
Example 21 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
Acrylic resin 300 µm thicknes 8 mm width |
Epoxy resin 4 mm width |
3.8 |
6.2 |
Example 22 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
Alumina, 300 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Polyvinyl chloride 7 mm width |
< 2 |
< 2 |
Example 23 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
Polyvinyl chloride 300 µm thickness 5 mm width |
Silicone resin 8 mm width |
4.2 |
7.5 |
Table 18 (Contd)
|
Protective layer |
First moistureproof member |
Second moistureproof member |
Sensitivity lowering rate (%), after 80 days |
Fading lowering rate (%), after 80 days |
Example 24 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 200 µm thickness |
Glass, 300 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Epoxy resin 5 mm width |
< 2 |
< 2 |
Example 25 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 200 µm thickness |
Glass, 300 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Epoxy resin 5 mm width |
< 2 |
< 2 |
Example 26 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
Glass, 500 µm thickness, 5 mm width |
Epoxy resin 5 mm width |
< 2 |
< 2 |
Example 27 |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
Polyvinyl chloride 400 µm thickness 5 mm width |
Silicone resin 8 mm width |
5.1 |
8.8 |
Comparative G |
Chemically reinforced glass, 200 µm thickness |
None |
Epoxy resin 5 mm width |
31 |
38 |
Comparative H |
Chemically reinforced glass, 1 mm thickness |
None |
Silicone resin 8 mm width |
44 |
46 |
Comparative I |
Polyethylene terephthalate, 10 µm |
None |
None |
98 |
99 |
[0235] From Table 18, the storage panels of Examples 18 to 27 are little deteriorated in
initial characteristics even when they are placed at a high temperature and a high
pressure, thus they are excellent in durability. To the contrary, in the storage panels
of Comparative Samples G, H and I, the phosphor deteriorated by permeation of water
whereby their initial characteristics had remarkable deteriorated. Since the storage
panel of Example 24 had used thick protective layer by adhering the stimulable layer
and the protective layer with an adhesive agent, lowering in sharpness of images was
observed. In the storage panels of Examples 18 to 23, while the stimulable layer and
the protective layer are adjacent to each other, lowering in sharpness is not observed
since an optically discontinued face is present.
Example 28
[0236] 8 parts by weight of BaFBr:Eu stimulable phosphor and 1 part by weight of polyvinyl
butyral resin were mixed and dispersed by using 5 parts by weight of a solvent (cyclohexanone)
to prepare a coating solution for forming a stimulable layer. Subsequently, the coating
solution was uniformly coated on a levelly placed crystallized glass having a thickness
of 500 µm and was allowed to dry naturally to form a stimulable layer having a thickness
of about 300 µm. Thereafter, the above product was contained in a bag using a PET
film having a thickness of 12 µm and was vacuum laminated with a vacuum laminating
machine. By effecting the above series of steps, the lower refractive index layer
was made a vacuum layer to give the storage panel of the present invention.
Comparative example 9
[0237] Also, as Comparative Sample J, using the same support and the stimulable layer as
in the above Examples, PET having a thickness of 10 µm was adhered to the stimulable
layer with a polyurethane type adhesive agent without forming a lower refractive index
layer.

[0238] Next, regarding each storage panel of the above Example and Comparative example,
moistureproof property and sharpness were evaluated. The results are shown in Table
20.
Table 20
|
Sensitivity lowering rate (%) |
Fading lowering rate (%) |
MTF |
|
|
|
1 lp/mm |
2 lp/mm |
Example 28 |
41 |
56 |
77 |
40 |
Comparative J |
42 |
56 |
62 |
33 |
[0239] As clearly seen from Table 20, in the storage panel of Example 28 of the present
invention, lowering in sharpness caused by providing the protective layer could not
be observed.
1. A radiation image storage panel having a stimulable layer and a protective layer
on a support, characterized in that a layer having a lower refractive index than the
protective layer is provided between said stimulable phosphor layer and said protective
layer.
2. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein the refractive
index of said lower refractive index layer is substantially 1.
3. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein said lower refractive
index layer is a gaseous layer.
4. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 3, wherein a gas is at least
one selected from air, nitrogen and argon.
5. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 2, wherein said lower refractive
index layer is a vacuum layer.
6. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein said lower refractive
index layer is a liquid layer.
7. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 6, wherein a liquid is at
least one selected from ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and diethyl alcohol.
8. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein said lower refractive
index layer is at least one selected from CaF₂, Na₃AlF₆, MgF₂ and SiO₂.
9. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein the refractive
index of said protective layer is 1.4 to 2.0.
10. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein the moisture permeability
of said protective layer is 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
11. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 10, wherein said protective
layer is at least one selected from quartz, borosilicate glass, chemically reinforced
glass, polyethylene terephthalate, oriented polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.
12. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 11, wherein said protective
layer is at least one selected from quartz, borosilicate glass and chemically reinforced
glass.
13. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 10, wherein the light transmittance
of said protective layer is 80 % or more.
14. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein said protective
layer comprises two or more layers having different moisture absroption properties.
15. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 14, wherein a protective
layer having a smaller moisture absorption property is provided on the outside and
a protective layer having a larger moisture absorption property is provided at the
side of the stimulable phosphor layer.
16. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 15, wherein said protective
layer having a smaller mois ture absorption property comprises at least one selected
from a plate glass, polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene.
17. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 15, wherein said protective
layer having a larger moisture absorption property comprises polyvinyl alcohol or
ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
18. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein a layer having
a higher refractive index layer than the layer having a lower refractive index layer
is provided between the layer having a lower refractive index layer and the stimulable
phosphor layer.
19. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 18, wherein said layer having
a higher refractive index layer comprises at least one selected from Al₂O₃, Sb₂O₃,
CeO₂, CeF₃, La₂O₃, LaF₃, PbF₃, NdF₃, Pr₆O₁₁, SiO, SiO₂, TiO₂, ThO₂, ThF₄, ZnS and
ZrO₂.
20. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 18, wherein said layer having
a higher refractive index layer comprises a material having a high moisture absorption
property.
21. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 20, wherein the equilibrium
moisture absorption rate of said layer having a higher refractive index layer at a
temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 65 % is 1 % or more.
22. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein said layer having
a lower refractive index is provided between the protective layer and the stimulable
phosphor layer by spraying a spacer material.
23. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein said layer having
a lower refractive index layer is formed at edge portions of the panel by providing
a protective layer supporting member having a thickness thicker than that of the stimulable
phosphor layer.
24. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein the moisture
permeability of said protective layer supporting member is 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
25. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 24, wherein said protective
layer supporting member comprises at least one selected from glass, ceramic, metal
and plastic.
26. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein said protective
layer supporting member is adhered to the support and the protective layer with an
adhesive agent.
27. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 26, wherein said adhesive
agent is at least one selected from an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a cyanoacrylate
resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic
resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, a polyolefin resin, a chloroprene rubber,
a nitrile rubber and a silicone resin.
28. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein the moisture
absorption property of said protective layer supporting member is higher than that
of the stimulable phosphor layer.
29. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 8, wherein said protective
layer supporting member comprises at least one selected from polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl
alcohol copolymer, polyacrylamide, polyglycine, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylic
acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl amine, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate,
polyamide, polyvinyl acetate, polymethylallyl alcohol, and a moisture absorbable
sheet containing silica gel or calcium carbonate.
30. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 28, wherein the outside of
said protective layer supporting member is sealed with a low melting point glass.
31. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein said protective
layer supporting member comprises a first moistureproof member and a second moistureproof
member having moistureproof means.
32. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 31, wherein said first moistureproof
member is provided at the edge portion of the stimulable phosphor layer and adhered
to the support and the protective layer.
33. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 31, wherein the moisture
permeability of said first moistureproof member is 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
34. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 31, wherein the moisture
permeability of said second moistureproof member is 20 g/m²·24 hr or less.
35. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 33, wherein said first moistureproof
member comprises at least one selected from chemically reinforced glass; crystallized
glass; alumina, zirconia, aluminuim, iron, copper, chromium; a metal coated with an
oxide of aluminum, iron, copper or chromium; cellulose acetate, polyester, polyethylene
terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate and polycarbonate.
36. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 34, wherein said second moistureproof
member comprises at least one selected from a resin which cures by mixing two liquids
of a two pack-type urethane adhesive agent, a two pack-type modified acrylate adhesive
agent, a two pack-type modified acrylic adhesive agent, a two pack-type epoxy adhesive
agent to effect polycondensation reaction or cross-linking reaction; and a radiation
cure type resin which cures an energy of an electromagnetic wave or a corpuscular
beam by irradiation of an electromagnetic wave or a corpuscular beam of X-ray, α-ray,
β-ray, γ-ray, high energy neutron beam, electron beam or ultraviolet ray.
37. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 31, wherein the elasticity
of said first moistureproof member is lower than that of the second moistureproof
member.
38. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 37, wherein said first moistureproof
member comprises at least one selected from cellulose acetate, polyester, polyethylene
terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate, polycarbonate, polyethylene, epoxy
resin, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, isoprene rubber,
chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, isobutylene rubber, isobutylene-isoprene rubber,
acrylic rubber, polysulfide synthetic rubber, urethane rubber, natural rubber, propylene
rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, silicone rubber and fluorine rubber.
39. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 31, wherein a combination
of said first moistureproof member and said second moistureproof member is one selected
from urethane rubber-polyethylene, polyethylene-epoxy resin, polyamide-unsaturated
polyester or silicone rubber-epoxy resin.
40. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein edge portions
of said protective layer supporting member is sealed with a sealing agent comprising
an elastomer having a humidity resistance and a low elasticity.
41. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 40, wherein the moisture
permeability of said elastomer is 20 g/m²·24 hr at the conditions of sealing the storage
panel.
42. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 40, wherein the elasticity
of said elastomer is 100 kg/mm² or less.
43. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 40, wherein said elastomer
comprises at least one selected from low-density polyethylene, soft epoxy resin, natural
rubber, propylene rubber, styrene rubber, butadiene rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine
rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, isoprene rubber,
chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, isobutylene rubber, isobutylene-isoprene rubber,
acrylic rubber, polysulfide synthetic rubber and urethane rubber.
44. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein said layer having
a lower refractive index is a gaseous layer.
45. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 44, wherein a gas of said
gaseous layer is a dried gas selected from He, Ne, Ar, O₂, H₂ and CO₂.
46. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 45, wherein the water content
of said dried is 5.0 mg/liter or less.
47. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 23, wherein a hygroscopic
agent is provided between the support and the protective layer.
48. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 47, wherein the water absorption
amount of said hygroscopic agent is 0.1 to 50 mg per 1 g of the stimulable phosphor.
49. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 47, wherein said hygroscopic
agent is at least one selected from silica gel, CaCl₂, LiCl, polyvinyl alcohol and
ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
50. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 1, wherein the permeability
of said support is 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
51. The radiation image storage panel according to Claim 50, wherein said support
comprises at least one seleccted from chemically reinforced glass, crystallized glass;
aluminum, zirconia, aluminum, iron, copper, chromium; a metal coated thereon with
an oxide of aluminum, iron, copper or chromium; cellulose acetate, polyester, polyethylene
terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate and polycarbonate.
52. A process for preparing a radiation image storage panel composed of a support,
a stimulable phosphor layer and a protective layer, and a protective layer supporting
member is provided between layers of said support and said protective layer so as
to surround and seal edges of said stimulable phosphor layer, which comprises the
steps of providing at least one notch to said protective layer supporting member which
functions as a vent hole, heating and drying said radiation image storage panel, and
then fusing and sealing said notch or notches.
53. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein said heating and drying are carried out at 40 to 100 °C for 0.1 to 3 hours.
54. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein said heating and drying are carried out under a reduced pressure.
55. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein number of said notch is one or two.
56. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein the width of said notch is 2 to 40 mm.
57. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein air at the inside of the storage panel is replaced with a dried gas after
said heating and drying.
58. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 57,
wherein the water content of said dried is 5.0 mg/liter or less.
59. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 57,
wherein said gas is at least one selected from He, Ne, Ar, O₂, H₂ and CO₂.
60. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein the moisture permeability of said protective layer is 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
61. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 60,
wherein said protective layer is at least one selected from quartz, borosilicate glass,
chemically reinforced glass, polyethylene terephthalate, oriented polypropylene and
polyvinyl chloride.
62. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 61,
wherein said protective layer is at least one selected from quartz, borosilicate glass
and chemically reinforced glass.
63. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 60,
wherein the light transmittance of said protective layer is 80 % or more.
64. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein the moisture permeability of said protective layer supporting member is 10
g/m²·24 hr or less.
65. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein said protective layer supporing member comprises at least one selected from
glass, ceramic, metal and plastic.
66. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein said protective layer supporting member is adhered to the support and the
protective layer with an adhesive agent.
67. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 66,
wherein said adhesive agent is at least one selected from an epoxy resin, a phenol
resin, a cyanoacrylate resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a polyurethane
resin, an acrylic resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, a polyolefin resin, a chloroprene
rubber, a nitrile rubber and a silicone resin.
68. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 52,
wherein the permeability of said support is 10 g/m²·24 hr or less.
69. The process for preparing a radiation image storage panel according to Claim 68,
wherein said support comprises at least one selected from chemically reinforced glass,
crystallized glass; aluminum, zirconia, aluminum, iron, copper, chromium; a metal
coated thereon with an oxide of aluminum, iron, copper or chromium; cellulose acetate,
polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, triacetate and polycarbonate.
70. A radiation image storage panel composed of a support, a stimulable phosphor
layer and a protective layer, and a protective layer supporting member is so provided
between layers of said support and said protective layer as to surround and seal edges
of said stimulable phosphor layer, characterized in that said panel is prepared by
providing at least one notch to said protective layer supporting member which functions
as a vent hole, heating and drying said radiation image storage panel, and then fusing
and sealing said notch or notches.