Mechanism and way of cutting the fur skins in straps with different width according to the height and the thickness of the hair of the fur

Abstract

 Mechanism and way of fur cutting in straps with different breadths in accordance with the lenght and the density of the hairs.
The machine simultaneously cuts, at one passage, furs in straps of different widths with the help of cutting disks (40) placed in groups at distances A, B, C, D on a rotating axis (39) started by an electromotor (33).
The density of the hairs of the fur at several points shows a several points a stable difference, in this way the width of the straps to be cut is determined (5).
The above-mentioned machine, by the distribution of its disks (40) in groups, forces the furs introduced at the upper side of the table, into a certain direction, to cut the straps in widths according to the distance of the disks (40).
An axis dressed with spongy rubber (26) and an axis (19) bearing needles (19), (22), the lenght of which changes according with the lenght of the hairs, moved by a handle arm and gearwheels (12) (17) push the fur forward into the cutting disks (40) placing one more axis parallel with and placed at an adjustable distance from the axis (26 scheme 1) allows us to cut in straps furs with thick hair, e.g. that of the fox.
The pressure of the axis (26) on the fur is regulated by screws (28) and springs (28) placed on the sliding bearings (27).
After being cut, the straps fall in a row on the card board (5) which is pushed forward on the upper part of the base (1) by means of moving shrivelling thumb-wheels (6) of the axis (8) and by moving thumb-wheels of the base (7) (1). The axis moves the fur propelling axisses (19) (26), as well as these of the card board (8) are based on stable supporting plates (11), while the axis (39) of the cutting disks on movable supporting plates (40), the electromotor as well (31).
The cutting disks find themselves behind the protective cover (40), (44) which can be regulated, so that the disks can jut out a little more or less.

Description

[0001] This present invention reffers to a mechanism and the way of cutting a fur skin in straps, with different width, according to the height and the thickness of the hair of the fur.

[0002] The skin of an animal follows the below shown in drawing 3 procedure, in order to become a ready-to-wear garment, such as a coat or a jacket. In drawing 1 we have a piece of the fur agter the procedure of "stopping", during which the fur gets precise dimensions. Furtheron the fur is cut right through the middle, as shown in fig. 2.

[0003] The neccessity of cutting the fur in small straps results from the fact, that the product we wish to manufacture, has bigger dimensions than those of the piece of fur that is processed. Cutting the fur in small straps, which furtheron are sewn one to another as shown in fig. 3 of drawing 3, we create new straps, much bigger than the previous ones. Afterwards the new bigger straps are again sewn one to another (fig. 4, drawing 3), and so we get a fur-cloth of which we manufacture the final fur product.

[0004] The cutting of the fur is these days done in straps that are of the same width, which is elected according to the kind of the fur's hair.

[0005] So the furs that are from animals with short hair, are cut in small straps, as it is done with furs vison which are cut in straps with width about 4 m, whilst for furs with long hair, like the fox, the straps are cut wide.

[0006] The animals' furs do have dissimilarities in their hair. So the areas of the neck, or the limbs, have short hair, though the area of the back or the abdomen the hair is long.

[0007] The way of cutting the fur in straps having the same width, has the disadvantage that those straps from parts of the animal's body that has short hair, sewn together create at the final product, parts that have less visual density compared to those straps coming from body-parts where the hair is long.

[0008] The way of cutting the fur into straps with dissimilar width offers the possibility to choose the width of the straps according to parts of the animal from which it is cut. So, straps cut from the neck or from the limbs, where the hair is short, can be narrow, whilst straps cut from the back or the abdomen, where the hair is long, can be wide.

[0009] With this proportion of cutting width and lenght, density of the hair, the differences in thickness between the parts of the final product where parts of short hair are sewn to parts of long hair, are equalized.

[0010] The use of the above method for cutting the straps with dissimilar width, is performed by changing the axis 39, drawing 2, which carries the cutting disks, 40 drawing 2, as well as at the bobbin 23 drawing 2, that carries the needles, 22 drawing 3, of the classical machine type for fur-cutting in straps with same width that consists of:

Drawing 1 shows the front part of the apparatus, with its different equipment in a cut.

Drawing 2 shows a vertical cut of the machine, with the table and the axles in two planes. The drawings show the base (1) that has the form of a table and that is made of wood, covered by a material of a smooth surface; the front part has a numbered ruler, that indicates the millimetres that correspond to the neccessary cuts that have to be done on the fur.

[0011] At the lower part of the base (1) there are two wooden bars (2), fixed by allen snails (3), and that are used for avoiding the whole surface to touch the table.

[0012] The front part also has an elevated surface (4) like a table, used for the entry of the fur to the cutting position.

[0013] Between the elevated surface (4) and the base (1) there is space for reception of cardboard (5) whose propulsion is the same with the fur's. So the cut straps fall on the cardboard one after the other, giving us the initial form.

[0014] The propulsion of the cardboard is performed by two pairs of driving wheels (6) and rotor wheels (7).

[0015] The driving wheels (6) cause contraction and are adjusted to the forwarding axis (8) of the cardboard (5). The rotor wheels (7) are put on special formed plates (9) upon the base (1).

[0016] The plates (9) are pressing the rotor wheels (7) upwards, so that by the contraction they cause, the neccessary friction for the forwarding of the furs is given.

[0017] The forwarding axis of the cardboard (8) is put on the two sliding bearings (10) which are pressed to the two (right and left) fixed supporting plates (11).

[0018] The forwarding axis of the cardboard (8) is longer from the right side and forms a connection post for the driving gear (12) and a post for the handle arm (13). This handle arm is fixed onto the axe (8) supported by a wedge (14) and a screw nut (15). The manpower applied to the handle (16) of the handle arm (13) starts immediately rotating the axis (8) with the wheels (6) in order to forward the cardboard (5).

[0019] The gear (12) that is fixed on the axis (8) co-operates with the other gear (17) that is fixed by a slain (18) on to the needle axles (19). So, indirectly, the needle-axis (19) is put into rotation.

[0020] The two gears are outside the machine and on the right side of the supporting plate (11).

[0021] The cover (20) is fixed by a immersed Allen slain (21) at the right side of the supporting plate (11) and protects the function of the gears (12) and (17) from lubrication as well as from an accident.

[0022] The axis (19) has peripherical needles (22) of a special contruction implanted into a plastic material (23).

[0023] Each periphery with the needle (22) lays on the opposite side and in the middle of each pair of cutting disks (40). These needles are retaining the skin of the fur, drilling slightly holes by a spongy rubber (25) while rotating. According to the size of the hair, the proportional size of needles, which are holding the hair in such a way, that they are not cutting the hair but only the skin. The axis (26) that carries the spongy rubber (25) is put onto an additional sliding bearings (27) onto the supporting plates (11). These bearings (27) have an adjusting slain (28) and a spring (29) that allow a moving of the axis and a regulation of the forwarding pressure.

[0024] Behind the axis (19) with the needles (22) there is a profile (30) with vertical cuts, for the passing of the needles (22). Its purpose is to remove from the needles (22) the already cut straps (the ones that are already nailed) and support them for softly falling onto the cardboard. The profile (30) is supported by the supporting plates (11).

[0025] All the above described form the fixed part of the machine as well.

[0026] The upper moving, to the right and to the left, supporting plates (11) are connected by a frame and form the upper moving part of the cover (32).

[0027] The left plate receives the electromotor (33) 0.5 HP 1400 rot/min, which has an function switch (34). The right plate has a bearing (35) for ball-bearing (36) with a stuffing-box of closed type (37). The bearing (36) is of closed type. The moving plates (31) have one-sided corrugations on the touching surface (38) of the lower fixed supporting plates (11). So the two plates are alinged on each side of the machine and also a safety in the construction is offered.

[0028] At the electromotor's axis extension the axis (39) with the cutting disks (40) are put, on the other side the axis (39) is fixed on the ball-bearing (36). The retaining with the axis of the electromotor is obtained by the wedge and the plegmatic slains (41).

[0029] The axe (398) has cutting disks (40) in distance groups among them.

Group A has 21 distances of 3.5 mm.

Group B has 23 distances of 4 mm.

Group C has 20 distances of 4.5 mm.

Group D has 8 distances of 4 mm.

[0030] The above distances have been studied in such a way, that by only one pass of the fur to a specific direction, it is cut proportionally into straps proportional to the density of the part from which the fur was cut.

[0031] The stabilization of the cutting disk is performed by cylindric washers (42) of a smaller diameter and one fixing slain (43). Each change of the distances of the cutting disks (40) presupposes the changing of the width of the cylindric washers (42). The cutting disks (40) are protected by the cover (44) which leaves only the cutting part of the disks uncovered.

[0032] At the lower part of the moving supporting plates there are slains, used for the disassembly of the upper part A from the lower part B, so that the parts can be grinded or so that the cutting disks and the adjustments can be changed according to the height of the fur.For the machine that will have to cut furs with long hair, another additional axis is put parallel to the axis (26) drawing 1 and at an adjustable distance from it.

[0033] By this way the fur that passes between the two axles in order to reach the cutting disks (40), drawing 2, is "ironed" receiving the right cut of the straps, as well as no loosing of hair.

[0034] The above description reffers to parts of the machine, for fur-cutting in straps with dissimilar width, that have not been changed, improved or have not undergone an addition. The machine has although been improved in one point, which is:

[0035] Until now the protecting cover (44) of the cutting disks (40) was stable, now at the new machine for cutting fur into straps with dissimilar width, this cover is movable, as shown in drawing (5); this offers the possibility to adjust the depth of the disks' cut, as they appear or disappear within the cover, according to the adjustment we have for it. This fact gives us a limit of hair loss of the fur.

[0036] The adjustment of the protecting cover is as follows: The cover (44) is constantly adjusted at the lower front part of the movable shell (32). Behind the side of the shell (32) the cover (44) is connected with the shell (32) by two adjusting snails Allen (45) which -while screwing and unscrewing- are moving the protecting cover near or away from the back side of the shell. Whilst the cover is constantly connected to the shell (32) at the front part, the cutting disks are appearing or disappearing behind the cover.

[0037] At the back side of the shell and constantly adjusted upon the protecting cover, there are two guides "oval" (46) that are moving within two snails "tir-tir" (47). This system ensures the fixing of the movable part of the cover (45). By tightening the snails (47), the cover is fixed at the back side of the shell, whilst by untightening of the cover, we can adjust the cover with the Allen snails (45).

Claims

1. Fur cutting mechanism which cuts the furs in straps with dissimilar widths, this mechanism is characterized by cutting disks, placed in groups at distances A, B, C, D on a rotating axis (39) started by an electromotor (33).
The introduction of the furs to the cutting disks is done by an axis (2) dressed with spongy rubber and by an axis (19) bearing needles (22).
The introduction of the card board (5) is done by an axis (8) with shrivelling thumb-wheels which co-operate with the thumb-wheels of the base (7). A pair of screws (28) and springs (29) placed on the sliding bearings (27) of the axis (26) regulate the introduction pressure of the furs to be cut. A handle arm (13) and a pair of covered gearwheels, (12) and (17), turn directly the axis (8) which pushes forward the card board and indirectly the axisses which forward the fur to the cutter (19), (26).
The electromotor (33) and the axis (39) of the cutting disks rest on a movable hull (32) which consists of movable supporting plates (31). The cutting disks (40) have a protective cover (44) with an opening so that the disks jut out in order to cut (40). The protective cover is stable at the one, and movable at the other end, so that we can regulate the part of the disks that will be jutting out.
Screws in the movable supporting plates (31) regulate the machine according to the length of the hairs of the fur.
The table is divided in two levels, the elevated (4) in order to introduce the fur into a certain direction, and the base (1) for the introduction of the card board.

2. A fur cutting mechanism which cuts the furs in straps with dissimilar widths, like the mechanism mentioned in specification 1, by which the furs are being cut by cutting disks, placed in groups with distances between them. In this system each group, in comparison with the group which precedes or follows, has a different cutting width.

3. A fur cutting mechanism which cuts the furs in straps with different widths, like the one mentioned in specification 2, in which the fur is propelled between an axis 26 scheme 1), dressed with spongy material , and a parallel axis placed at an adjustable distance from the axis (26 scheme 1).

4. A fur cutting mechanism whih cuts the furs in straps with different widths, like the one referred to in specification 1, but the propelling of the fur is done by an axis with needles, of which the length can be regulated in accordance with the length of the hairs of the fur.

5. A fur cutting mechanism, like the one mentiioned in specification 1 to which an axis parallel with the axis (26) is added, finding it self at such a distance from it, that when we cut a fur with long hairs, it is pressed between the 2 axisses.

6. A fur cutting mechanism, as referred to in specification one, and which allows us, by the protective cover of the cutting disks, to redjust the cutting depth.

7. A fur cutting mechanism which cuts the furs in straps, as referred to in the above-mentioned specifications, at which the width depends on the lenght and density of the hairs.

Drawing