BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
[0001] The present ivention relates to a cursor displacement control device for a display
of a computer to a desired position on the display.
2. Description of the Related Art
[0002] In a conventional method of inputting and outputting data during data processing,
the data is formed by utilizing an input means such as a digitizer, a mouse, a light
pen, or a track ball, in addition to a keyboard, while displaying data in the form
of characters or graphics on a screen of a display, such as a CRT, of a computer,
and giving vocal instructions to the computer. For example, such a method is frequently
used in CAD or simulations in which data is processed by graphics.
[0003] Recently, in the fields of data processing and office automation, the number of operating
systems and amount of software requiring the use of a pointing device other than a
keyboard, while giving vocal instructions to the computer, has increased, in an attempt
to improve the operability of the computer.
[0004] Currently, there is a trend toward replacing desk-top type computers composed of
a mutually independent computer main unit, keyboard and display, with a laptop type,
note-book type or palm type computer, in which the computer main unit, the keyboard
and the display are provided as an integrated unit, which are convenient for carrying
due to their lighter weight and small size.
[0005] Therefore, a pointing device must be able to be operated not only on a desk, in the
conventional manner, but also with a laptop or palm type computer. Accordingly, the
pointing device must occupy less space than the conventional mouse or digitizer, etc.,
and be built-in to the computer unit; even in the conventional desk-top type computer,
due to the need for a smaller space occupation, the pointing device must be built-in
to a major component of the computer. Further, in the case of portable computers,
such a device must have a low power consumption because such a unit mainly utilizes
a battery as a power source thereof.
[0006] A conventional pointing device built-in to the computer unit is shown in Figs. 45A
- 45C. In Fig. 45A, a bar 2 connected to a not shown sensor is provided on a keyboard
1, so that a pointer or cursor can be moved left and right by moving the bar left
and right, and up and down by moving the bar backward and forward. (See Japanese Unexamined
Patent Publication Kokai No. 1-503418 corresponding to USP 4,712,101; 4,724,715; 4,823,634
and 4,896,554). Figures 45B and 45C show a construction in which, between a lower
member 5 below a shaft 4 of a J-key or F-key as a home key and a housing 6, four sensors,
e.g., tension gauges, are provided (Fig. 45B, or as shown in Fig. 45C, four sensors
7 such as tension gauges are provided, respectively, on each of four sides of the
shaft 4 having a square cross-section, so that the pointer or cursor can be moved
left and right by pressing the key-top 8 to the left and right, and up and down by
pressing the key-top 8 backward and forward. Note, in the foregoing operation a control
key must be pressed at the same time; i.e., when the key is simply pressed in the
vertical direction, a normal character input can be made. (See U.S. Patent No. 4,680,577).
[0007] In the conventional pointing devices which are built-in to the computer unit, in
the construction of Fig. 45A a problem arises in that the bar 2 occupies a substantial
area of the keyboard 1, and thus leads to an increase in the size thereof, and further,
it cannot be operated in an oblique direction (namely, on the X-Y Cartesian plan,
it is possible to operate only in the X or Y direction with one action, and thus a
movement in an oblique direction must be made by a combination of movements in the
X and Y directions), and therefore, the operation is inconvenient. Also in the constructions
of Figs. 45B and 45C, a delicate control must be made of the force exerted on the
key-top 8 in the left, right, backward and forward directions, and thus the operability
is lowered.
[0008] In view of the problems set forth above, an object of the present invention is to
provide a pointing control device which can be built-in to a keyboard of a desk-top
type computer and a portable compact computer unit, and can provide an enhanced operability.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided
a pointing device for moving a pointer or cursor to a desired position on a display
of a computer, wherein a pointing control device comprises a support, a manually movable
actuating member movably supported by the support, and a magnetic reluctance type
detector for detecting a magnitude of movement of the movable actuating member within
a unit of time, so that the pointer or the cursor can be moved in accordance with
the detected magnitude of movement of the movable actuating member.
[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, the manually movable actuating
member is realized by a plate-like slider member slidably supported on the support.
[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, the manually movable actuating
member is realized by a hole member defining a finger insertion hole enabling an operation
by a bending of an operator's finger.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a permanent magnet is provided in the slider member or
the hole member and magnetically reluctant elements 14, 14′ are provided below the
magnet, whereby the position of the slider or hole members when moved in the desired
direction can be detected in accordance with a variation of a voltage resulting from
an effect of the magnetic reluctance of the magnetically reluctant element.
[0013] The provision of a permanent magnet provided in the plate slider, which is dome-shaped
or disk-shaped, or the hole member, and the magnetically reluctant elements makes
it possible to detect the motion direction and motion distance of the magnet in accordance
with a flux from the permanent magnet.
[0014] Also, since the slider or hole member can be easily operated by one finger, it can
be made compact, and thus can be easily built-in to the keyboard of the computer unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectionial view of a pointing control device in an assembled condition
according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
Figs. 3A and 3B are schematic views showing two ways of improving the touch when operating
the slider of the first embodiment;
Figs. 4A and 4B are sectional views of two different origin position recognition means
in the slider of the first embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a cover for improving the operability of the first embodiment;
Figs. 6A and 6B are schematic views showing a pointing control device of the present
invention, installed in a keyboard of a small computer, by way of example;
Figs. 7A, 7B and 7C are sectional views of a pointing control device of the first
embodiment, shown in different operational positions;
Figs. 8A and 8B are explanatory views showing how to detect the displacement of a
slider;
Figs. 9A and 9B are explanatory views showing another way of detecting the slider
displacement;
Fig. 10 is a sectional view showing another example of a switch pressing means of
the first embodiment;
Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram for performing an acceleration control;
Fig. 12 is a flowchart of an acceleration control;
Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 1, according to a second embodiment of the present
invention;
Fig. 14 is an exploded perspective view of the second embodiment of the invention
shown in Fig. 13;
Figs. 15A, 15B and 15C are schematic views of three examples of means for returning
the slider to the original position;
Fig. 15D is a partial sectional view taken along the line d-d in Fig. 16C;
Fig. 16 is a view of the second embodiment, shown in an operational position;
Fig. 17A, 17B, 17C and 17D are views of a slider and a housing in a third embodiment
of the present invention;
Fig. 18 is a sectional view of a control device according to a fourth embodiment of
the present invention;
Fig. 19 is an exploded perspective view of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 18;
Fig. 20A, 20B and 20C are sectional views of the fourth embodiment, shown in different
operational positions;
Fig. 21 is a sectional view of a pointing control device according to a fifth embodiment
of the present invention;
Fig. 22 is an exploded perspective view of the fifth embodiment of the invention shown
in Fig. 21;
Figs. 23 and 24 are sectional views of the fifth embodiment, shown in different operational
positions;
Fig. 25 is a sectional view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 26 is an exploded perspective view of the sixth embodiment of the invention,
shown in Fig. 25;
Fig. 27 is sectional view of a seventh embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 28 is sectional view of an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 29 and 30 are schematic views explaining how to detect a slider displacement;
Figs. 31A and 31B are diagrams showing an operation range and initial operating range
of the hole member in the present invention;
Fig. 32 is diagram showing a relationship between a detected voltage and a counter
value stored in the MPU;
Fig. 33 is a partial perspective view of a keyboard on which a pointing control device
of the present invention is provided, at the front edge thereof;
Fig. 34 is a perspective view similar to Fig. 33, showing the device in an operational
position;
Fig. 35 is a plan view of a keyboard shown in Fig. 33;
Fig. 36 is a front elevation of a keyboard shown in Fig. 33;
Figs. 37 and 38 are explanatory views showing a slider and input keys in different
operational positions;
Fig. 39 is an explanatory view showing a slider and a pair of input keys when manipulated
by the operator's fingers;
Fig. 40 is a plan view showing a relationship between a tapered surface portion and
a slider;
Fig. 41 is a front elevational view of a portable computer provided with a pointing
control device 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 42 is a view similar to Fig. 41, showing an operating position thereof;
Fig. 43 is a perspective view of a portable computer shown in Fig. 41, viewed from
behind;
Fig. 44 is an enlarged plan view of a part of an operating portion of a portable computer
shown in Fig. 41; and
Figs. 45A, 45B and 45C are perspective views showing three examples of known pointing
control devices.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] Figure 1 and 2 show the first embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig.
1 is a sectional view when in an assembled condition, and Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective
view. In both figures, 10 denotes a slider which includes an elastic member 11 and
a dome-shaped member 12 formed with an opening 12a at the center portion thereof,
13 denotes a housing supporting the slider 10 for a free sliding movement thereon,
14 and 14′ denote magnetically reluctant elements, 15 denotes a switch, 16 denotes
a key-top of the switch, 17 denotes a printed circuit board on which the magnetically
reluctant elements 14 and 14′ and the switch 15 are mounted, 18 denotes a permanent
magnet provided on the slider 10, and 19 denotes a casing of the device.
[0017] The elastic member 11 of the slider 10 can be made of an elastic material, such as
a rubber, to give a better feeling during contact therewith. The elastic member 11
and the dome-shaped member 12 are coupled to each other, and the permanent magnet
18 is buried at the lower central portion of the elastic member 11. The permanent
magnet can be a plastic magnet integrally formed with the elastic member 11. The housing
13 is formed into dome-shaped configuration with a large opening 13a at the center
thereof, and the slider 10 is slidably supported on the housing 13. The magnetically
reluctant elements 14 and 14′ and the switch 15 are mounted on a printed circuit board
and fixed beneath the slider 10.
[0018] To further enhance the feeling when operating the elastic member 11 of the slider,
a crater-like recess 10a can be formed at the center portion thereof, as shown in
Fig. 3A, or as an alternative, a small projection 10b can be provided at the center
portion thereof as shown in Fig. 3B, whereby the origin position of the slider can
be easily recognized. Also, as an origin position stopper means, projections 10c projecting
from the lower surface of the slider 10 can be provided, to engage with projections
10c having recessed portions 20a in legs 20 extending from a base 21, as shown in
Figs. 4A and 4B.
[0019] Furthermore, to improve the operability, a dent 19a can be formed along the circumference
of the opening of the casing 19a, to enable an easy identification of the stroke limit
of the slider, and thus avoid a possibility of pinched fingers or other injuries when
rapidly operating the slider 10 to the limit of its stroke, as shown in Fig. 5.
[0020] The shown embodiment is used in the manner illustrated in Figs. 6A and 6B. Figure
6A illustrates the embodiment of the pointing control device 25 when actually installed
in a keyboard section 24 of a portable small-size computer 23. The pointing control
device 25 is arranged at a position such that it can be conveniently operated during
a keyboard operation by placing the hands at the home position, as shown in Fig. 6A.
Figure 6A and 6B show an example of the device when arranged in the vicinity of the
nearest end, for convenient operation by the thumb. The location of the pointing control
device 25 is not limited to Figs. 6A and 6B, and can be modified as discussed hereinafter.
[0021] Figure 7A through 7C show the operation of the embodiment of the pointing control
device. Figure 7A shows the condition when the operation is made by using the thumb,
where the thumb 26 is placed in the recess 10a at the center of the slider 10. Figure
7B shows an example of an operation with a finger, such as the index finger. In this
case, similar to the case of Fig. 7A, the index finger 27 is placed within the recess
10a of the slider 10 to operate the slider 10 as shown in Fig. 7C. When the slider
is to be operated by a finger other than the thumb, it is preferable to arrange the
pointing control device at the side away from the operator, to enable a better operability.
[0022] Figures 8A and 8B shows the way of detecting a displacement of the slider, wherein
Fig. 8A is a perspective view and Fig. 8B is a plan view.
[0023] When the permanent magnet 18 fixedly attached to the slider is moved to a desired
coordinate position on the X axis and Y axis, according to the movement of the slider,
the resistance value of the magnetically reluctant elements 14 and 14′ is varied by
the effect of the magnetic reluctance caused by a variation of the magnetic flux.
The provision of the magnetically reluctant elements 14 and 14′ for a magnetic detecting
of a directional movement, as illustrated by arrows A₁ and A₂, enables the displacement
of the slider in the X and Y directions to be detected from the corresponding variations
of the magnetic reluctance, respectively.
[0024] At this time, the pointer or cursor on the display of the computer can be moved by
an acceleration control of the displacement magnitude. The details of this control
will be discussed later.
[0025] In practical operation, when the slider is operated with a large magnitude of movement,
the movement of the pointer or cursor on the display of the computer is large. Alternatively,
when the slider is operated with a small or tiny magnitude, the movement of the pointer
or cursor is small or fine.
[0026] The operator moves the pointer or cursor on the display by a finger action, and visually
confirms the position of the pointer or cursor on the display, for a readjustment
thereof by the finger action. Since this sequence of operations is controlled in a
feedback manner, the operability can be maintained at a required level.
[0027] Figures 9A and 9B show another embodiment of a slider displacement detecting mechanism,
in which Fig. 9A shows a perspective view and Fig. 9B shows a plan view of the magnetically
reluctant elements.
[0028] In Fig. 9A, 18 denotes a permanent magnet provided on the slider 10, which is magnetized
in the vertical direction (in the embodiment of Figs. 8A and 8B, the magnetizing direction
is horizontal), and 14₅ denotes a magnetically reluctant element arranged just below
the permanent magnet 18. The magnetically reluctant element 14₅ is formed by barber-pole
type magnetic reluctance patterns 28-1 - 28-4 on a substrate 29, and each two opposing
patterns are connected in series to each other. Accordingly, by applying a voltage
between the terminals AB and CD, a magnetic flux acts on the magnetic reluctance patterns
connected in series, in a differential manner, due to a movement of the permanent
magnet, and therefore, voltages proportional to a magnitude of displacement of the
permanent magnet 18 are output through terminals VAB and VCD.
[0029] The detecting mechanism utilizing variations of the magnetic reluctance by the magnetically
reluctant elements has the advantages of a low power consumption and simple construction.
[0030] In the shown embodiments, a click button provides functions equivalent to other pointing
devices such as a mouse, track ball, or digitizer. In the construction of Fig. 1,
by depressing the center portion of the elastic member 11, the wide area key-top 16
can be depressed at any position of the slider, to thereby operate the switch 15.
[0031] In another means of operating the switch 15, a switch depression plate 13b is provided
in the housing 13, as shown in Fig. 10. The housing 13 is supported in a floating
condition on the base 21 by springs 20, and the switch 15 is operated by pressing
the slider 10.
[0032] The slider acceleration control will be discussed with reference to Figs. 11 and
12.
[0033] Figure 11 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit, wherein 43 denotes a detecting
section (this figure shows the detecting section of the embodiment of Figs. 9A and
9B) for detecting a magnitude of displacement of the slider 10, 44 denotes an A/D
converter, and 45 denotes an MPU.
[0034] An X axis displacement signal and Y axis displacement signal output from the detecting
section 43 when detecting a magnitude of variation of the magnetic reluctance or a
magnitude of rotation of the encoder, are amplified and then digitally converted by
the A/D converter 44, and the MPU 45 then performs an acceleration control to thus
obtain an output. The flowchart of the acceleration control is shown in Fig. 12A.
[0035] As shown in Fig. 12A, first the X axis output voltage output corresponding to a magnitude
of displacement along the X axis is measured and stored, then in the same way, the
output voltage corresponding to the magnitude of displacement along the Y axis is
measured and stored.
[0036] The MPU is provided with a table, as shown below, for outputting a counter value
representing an acceleration corresponding to the voltage values in the X and Y axes
directions. For example, when the X axis voltage value is 2 and the Y axis voltage
value is 8, the respective counter values 10 and 40 are output to thereby output a
displacement command 10 times for the X axis and 40 times for the Y axis in a unit
of time, to thereby control the cursor.

[0037] The cursor movement by an acceleration control as set forth above has an advantage
in that the stroke of the displacement of the slider 10 can be made smaller, to thus
facilitate the operation and enable the device to be made compact. In particular,
the lateral size of the device can be reduced, so that the device can be accommodated
in a space of one key of the keyboard.
[0038] Figures 13 and 14 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig.
13 shows a cross-section view in the assembled condition and Fig. 14 is a exploded
perspective view.
[0039] In both figures, 10 denotes a dome-shaped slider having a permanent magnet 18 and
a plurality of projections 32 for hooking garter springs, on the lower surface thereof,
to which a garter springs are attached, 13 denotes a housing for slidably supporting
the slider and is provided with a large opening at the center thereof, and a garter
spring hooking and switching depressing frame 33 provided on the lower surface thereof,
17 denotes a printed circuit board, on which the magnetically reluctant elements 13
and 14′ and the switch 15 are mounted, and 34 denotes a garter spring alternatively
hooked onto the projections 32 of the slider and the frame 33 of the housing, to thereby
return the slider 10 to the origin position thereof. Although not illustrated, a crater-like
recess or projection, as in the first embodiment (Fig. 1) can be provided at the upper
portion of the slider 10. Also, it is possible to employ the displacement detecting
means shown in Fig. 9. Further, the permanent magnet 18 can be bonded, buried or formed
by a plastic magnet, when attached thereto. Alternatively, it is possible to magnetize
the central lower section of the slider 10. The garter spring 34 can be easily assembled,
in such a manner that it is first hooked to the hooking sections of the frame 33 of
the housing and then pulled upward toward the upper surface of the housing 13 and
hooked onto the projections 32 of the slider 10.
[0040] Another means for returning the slider 10 to the origin position, in place of the
garter spring, is illustrated in Figs. 15A through 15D. The construction shown in
Fig. 15A employs a compression spring 35 between the slider 10 and the base 21; the
compression spring 35 is distorted during the slider movement, and thus returns the
slider 10 to the original position by a recovery to the original state thereof. Figure
15B shows a construction in which a plurality of tension springs 36 are provided for
pulling the slider in any direction. Figures 15C and 15D show a construction in which
a rubber piece 37 is disposed between the outer periphery of the slider 10 and the
housing 13. In all of the above cases, the resilient or elastic force of the springs
35, 36, or rubber piece 37, returns the slider 10 to the origin position thereof.
[0041] The embodiment described above is operated as shown in Fig. 16. In this figure, the
slider 10 is moved backward and forward, or left and right, by the thumb. The displacement
of the slider 10 is detected by the magnetically reluctant elements 14 and 14′, and
when the thumb is removed from the slider 10, the slider is automatically returned
to the origin position by the return means such as the garter spring. Further, when
the slider 10 is pressed down, the switch 15 is operated, through the housing 13,
and closed.
[0042] Figures 17A through 17D are views showing the major part of the third embodiment
of the present invention, in which Fig. 17A shows the lower surface of the slider
10, Fig. 17B is a partial sectional view of the slider, Fig. 17C is a perspective
view of the housing 13, and Fig. 17D is a partial sectional view of the slider when
supported on the housing.
[0043] The construction of this embodiment is essentially the same as that of the first
embodiment (Fig. 1) or the second embodiment (Fig. 13), and is different only in that
a plurality of radially extending elongated projections 38 are provided on the lower
surface of the slider 10 as shown in Figs. 17A and 17B, and an annular projection
39 is formed along the peripheral edge of the opening as shown in Figs. 17C and 17D,
to thereby establish point contacts at a plurality of positions.
[0044] This embodiment provides an enhanced slidability of the slider, and the opening 13a
at the center of the housing 13 is made greater to facilitate the addition of other
functions. This embodiment also has the advantages achieved by the first and second
embodiments.
[0045] Figures 18 and 19 show the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig.
18 is a sectional view when in an assembled condition, and Fig. 19 is a exploded perspective
view.
[0046] In both figures, 10 denotes the slider, 13 denotes the housing, 14 and 14′ denote
magnetically reluctant elements, 15 is the switch, 17 is the printed circuit board,
18 is a permanent magnet, and 19 is the casing.
[0047] The slider 10 is formed into a disc-shaped configuration with an annular projection
10d having a semicircular cross section or a small projection similar to the small
projection 10b in Fig. 3. The permanent magnet 18 is provided on the lower surface
of the slider 10. The housing 13 is provided with a central small disc section 13b
supported by a plurality of arms 13d extending from an annular section 13c, which
annular section 13c supports the slider 10 for movement in the desired direction.
The switch 15 is arranged immediately below the small disc section 13b of the housing,
together with the printed circuit board 17 on which the magnetically reluctant elements
14 and 14′ are mounted, and a circular window 19b is formed through the casing so
that the slider can be operated through this window 19b. The positional relationship
between the magnetically reluctant elements 14 and 14′ and the permanent magnet 18
is similar to that of the first embodiment of Fig. 1, but the construction as shown
in Fig. 9 is also applicable. Also, it is possible to employ the origin returning
means (Fig. 13 or Fig. 15) for the slider, as in the second embodiment.
[0048] This embodiment is operated as shown in Figs. 20A through 20C. Figure 20A shows the
condition in which the slider 10 is operated by an index finger 27. Namely, the slider
10 is operated by placing the index finger 27 within the area defined by the annular
projection 10d of the slider 10, and a displacement of the slider 10 is detected by
the magnetically reluctant elements 14 and 14′, in the same manner as in the first
embodiment. When the slider 10 is depressed in the vertical direction, the resilient
legs 13e of the housing are deformed to depress and close the switch 15, through the
small disc section 13b.
[0049] Figure 20B shows the condition in which the slider 10 is operated by the thumb 26,
and Fig. 20C shows the condition in which the slider 10 is moved to the left by the
thumb 26. Similar to Fig. 20A, the magnitude of displacement of the slider 10 is detected
by the magnetically reluctant elements 14 and 14′, and further, by depressing the
slider downward, the switch 15 is closed.
[0050] This fourth embodiment enables the device to be made compact and thinner, by a flat-plate
configuration of the slider. Therefore, this embodiment is particularly effective
for palm type computers in which the space for installation of the pointing device
is strictly limited.
[0051] As set forth above, according to the present invention, a compact and thin pointing
device can be realized by forming the slider in a dome or flat-plate configuration,
and detecting the motion of the slider by the permanent magnet provided on the slider
and the magnetically reluctant element arranged therebelow. Furthermore, it is possible
to lower the power consumption to thereby enable an application thereof to the laptop
type, the note book type or palm type computer. Also, by building the device into
the keyboard of a desk-top type computer, it becomes unnecessary to provide the working
space usually required for the conventional mouse and digitizer, and thus enables
a saving of space.
[0052] Figures 21 and 22 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig.
21 shows a cross section views when assembled and Fig. 22 shows an exploded perspective
view.
[0053] In the drawings, 61 denotes a hole member, 62 denotes a coupling for holding the
root portion of the hole member 61, and 19 denotes a casing for supporting the hole
member 61. The casing 19 in Figs. 21 and 22, and in the subsequent figures, functions
as the support body 13 of the previous embodiments. A permanent magnet 18 is buried
in the bottom of the hole member 61. The switch 15, the key top 16, the magnetic sensor
(magnetically reluctant elements 14, 14′), etc., mounted on the printed circuit board
17 are the same as those of the first embodiment (Fig. 1) of the invention. The hole
member 61 is made of an elastic material, such as rubber, and defines therein a hole
61a for an insertion of the index finger, for example, therein. Note, instead of the
permanent magnets 14, 14′ the hole member 61 is can be formed of a magnetic rubber.
[0054] The coupling 62 is engaged and fixed at the root portion of the hole member 61. The
device of the invention is comprised of a fewer number of components which can be
mass-produced, and can be easily and inexpensively assembled by successively superimposing
one on the other.
[0055] Figure 23 shows the operation achieved by bending the index finger inserted in the
hole 61a of the hole member 61.
[0056] Figure 24 shows the operation achieved by bending the index finger. Namely, by bending
the index finger, the permanent magnet 18 fixed to the bottom of the hole member 61
is moved. The method of detecting the movement of the magnet 18 has been discussed
hereinbefore with reference to Figs. 8A and 8B.
[0057] Figures 25 and 26 show the sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig.
25 shows a sectional view when assembled and Fig. 26 shows an exploded perspective
view. In these figures, components corresponding to those of the embodiment shown
in Fig. 21 are represented by the same reference numerals, and thus a description
thereof is omitted. Note, although the configurations of each of the parts of the
fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment are slightly different, the functions remain
the same.
[0058] Numeral 76 denotes a spring for returning the hole member 61 to the initial position,
and is disposed between an outer peripheral flange 50 provided on the hole member
61 and the housing 72.
[0059] To make the hole member 61 movable in any desired direction, the sixth embodiment
is provided with projections 73 of the coupling 62 inserted through two openings 71
formed symmetrically on the inner side surface of the casing 19 and projections 73
provided on the upper side surface of the hole member 61 inserted in holes 75 formed
symmetrically at positions offset from the projections 73 by 90°, for example. Accordingly,
the hole member 61 is movable in any direction.
[0060] Figure 27 shows the condition in which the finger is actually inserted. Similar to
the condition illustrated in Fig. 24, the hole member 61 can be moved by bending the
finger about the joint thereof.
[0061] As a means for positioning the hole member 61 at the origin position a projection
78 is formed at the lower portion of the hole member 61. At the origin position (initial
position) of the hole member 61, the projection engages with a corresponding recess
74 formed on the housing, and thus is stably held at the initial position as shown
in Fig. 25.
[0062] The projection 78 can be easily released from the recess 74 when the hole member
61 is operated, and is returned to the origin position by the force of the coil spring
76.
[0063] Figure 28 shows a section of the seventh embodiment of the present invention, which
corresponds to the construction of Fig. 21 to which the concept of the sixth embodiment
is applied.
[0064] In Fig. 28, the hole member 61 is formed of an elastic material having relatively
large elastic modules, and therefore, the spring 76 shown in Figs. 25 to 27 becomes
unnecessary, due to the ability for a self-alignment to the origin position by the
elastic force thereof. The recess 74 for engagement with the projection 78 on the
bottom of the hole member 61, i.e., forming the origin positioning means, is formed
on the key top 16; 80 denotes a spring for depressing the key top 16 onto the hole
member 61 by which the projection 78 can be stably held in the recess 74. Note, the
spring 80 also has a function equivalent to that of the spring 76 of the embodiment
of Fig. 25.
[0065] As an alternative to the arrangement shown in Figs. 9A and 9B, it is possible to
arrange four magnetically reluctant elements 14-1, 14-2, 14-3 and 14-4 at four directions
with respect to the permanent magnet 18, as shown in Figs. 29 and 30. Note, even in
this case the magnetizing direction is vertical.
[0066] Figures 31A and 31B show the range of movement of the hole member 61.
[0067] In Fig. 31A, when the hole member 61, and accordingly the magnet 18, is inclined
from the position illustrated by a solid line to the position illustrated by the one-dot
line, the total displacement magnitude is r1 + r2, in which the r1 shown by the one-dot
line is assumed to be the initial displacement range. When observed in a plan view
as shown in Fig. 31B, the initial displacement range becomes a circle having the radius
r1. This initial displacement range corresponds to the range of a substantially small
magnitude of displacement obtained by inserting the finger, or a small action of the
finger when inserted therein.
[0068] Figure 32 shows one embodiment of a table in the MPU 45. Preferably, the cursor or
pointer is maintained within the initial displacement range r1, i.e., until the voltage
output from the detecting device reaches the voltage value 8, the counter value is
maintained at zero and no count is made. This improves the accuracy of the measurement.
[0069] As set forth above, according to the embodiments illustrated in Figs. 21 to 32, a
compact and thin pointing device can be realized by providing a hole member in the
casing as a finger insertion hole. Also, a lowering of the power consumption makes
it applicable to laptop, note book or palm type computers. Also, by building the device
into the keyboard of a desk top type computer, it becomes unnecessary to provide the
working space usually required for the conventional mouse and digitizer, to thus save
space.
[0070] Fig. 33 shows the pointing device 25 shown in Fig. 13 provided in the form of an
elongated-oval recess 84 in the front side edge 83 of the board key 24. In this figure,
the upper slider 10 is exposed to the outside.
[0071] Further two input keys 85 and 86 are arranged in the recessed elongated oval portion
84 on opposite sides of the slider 10.
[0072] Namely, as shown in the foregoing Fig. 13, when only one input key is required, only
the switch 15 need be provided on the printed circuit board 17, but when two switches
are required, the operation is facilitated by arranging the switches symmetrically
with respect to the slider 10.
[0073] Fig. 34 shows the device when in use.
[0074] The present invention integrates the keyboard and the cursor moving device by providing
the cursor moving device, which includes the pointing device and the input key, on
the front side surface, left side surface or right side surface of the keyboard.
[0075] The tapered oval-like portion 84 is formed as a recess, and the input keys 85 and
86 are formed as a col-shape with a stepped down center portion. The input keys 85
and 86 are provided with an anti-slip member (e.g., projection) 88 on the surface
thereof.
[0076] As shown in Fig. 34, the device according to the invention is preferably arranged
such that an operation of the slider by the thumb 26 at the home position is facilitated.
In this figure, the index finger 27 is on the J key of the keyboard.
[0077] Figures 35 and 36 are a plan view and a side elevation view in which the slider 10
of the control device 25 is positioned on a front upper surface 90 and a front end
face 89 of the keyboard 24, respectively. Anti-slip members 88 are provided on the
surface of the input keys 85 and 86.
[0078] Figure 37 shows the condition in which the finger 26 (or 27) is placed on the slider
10, and Fig. 38 shows a condition in which the slider 10 is moved to the left by the
finger 26 (or 27). A good operability can be provided by causing the slider 10 to
stop when the finger touches the tapered recess portion 84.
[0079] Figure 39 shows a condition in which two fingers (e.g., index finger 26 and thumb
27) are placed on the two input keys 85 and 86.
[0080] Figure 40 is a plan view showing a positional relationship between the recessed portion
84 and the slider 10. The markings 91 in X and Y directions are provided for facilitating
the slider operation.
[0081] As set forth above, by providing the recessed elongated oval-like portion on the
side surface of the keyboard, and by providing the pointing device and the input key
or keys in the recessed portion, the cursor moving device 25 can be built-in to the
keyboard to thus provide an enhanced operability, and further, such a cursor moving
device 25 can be applied to a laptop computer.
[0082] Figure 41 shows another arrangement of the pointing control device 25 of the invention
when incorporated in a portable computer 23 as shown in Fig. 6A. In Fig. 41, 91 designates
a display panel, 92 an indicating portion including an adjustment of the brightness
of the display and a back light, a power source lamp, a battery lamp, and a disk drive
lamp, and 93 a display portion, respectively. In general, the portable computer 23
is comprised of a body 99 having a key board 24 and a display portion 93 which can
be closed to form one body therewith when not in use. The pointing control device
25 of the invention is located on the display portion 93 in the vicinity of the right
lower corner thereof. This area of the display portion 93 in which the pointing control
device 25 is located in the present invention is usually unused in a conventional
portable computer 23.
[0083] Figure 42 shows the pointing control device 25 actuated by an operator. To move the
cursor or the pointer, the operator puts his or her thumb of the right hand onto the
pointing control device 25, which is positioned so as to provide a good operability.
[0084] Figure 43 shows a portable computer 23 viewed from behind. In Fig. 43, numerals 96,
97 and 98 designate first, second and third button switches corresponding to function
buttons (click buttons, drag buttons, etc.) of the mouse, and 95 projections or recesses,
or a combination thereof, for discriminating the first, second and third button switches.
The number of the button switches is not limited to three, and can be more or less
than three, depending on the mouse to be used.
[0085] The button switches are preferably arranged in a sector shape along an arc of a circle
having a radius approximately corresponding to the length of any finger, and agreeing
with the configuration of the fingers, as shown in Fig. 43, to thus improve the operability.
[0086] As can be seen in Fig. 44, when in use, the operator can actuate a desired button
switch 96, 97 or 98, for example, with his or her index finger or middle finger, while
actuating the slider 10 of the pointing control device 25 by using the thumb.
1. In a device for moving a pointer or cursor to a desired position on a display of a
computer, a pointing control device comprising:
a support (13);
a manually movable actuating member (10, 61) movably supported by the support;
and,
a magnetic reluctance type detector (14, 14′) for detecting a magnitude of movement
of the movable actuating member within a unit of time, whereby the pointer or the
cursor can be moved in accordance with the detected magnitude of the movable actuating
member.
2. A pointing control device according to claim 1, wherein said actuating member is a
plate-like slider (10) slidably supported on the support.
3. A pointing control device according to claim 2, wherein said slider (10) has a dome-shaped
configuration, and said slider is spherically slidable in a desired direction.
4. A pointing control device according to claim 3, wherein said dome-shaped slider (10)
is provided with a crater-form recess (10a).
5. A pointing control device according to claim 3, wherein said slider (10) is provided
with a center small projection (10b), so that the position of the slider can be recognized
when touched by an operator's finger.
6. A pointing control device according to claim 3, further comprising a casing (19) for
housing the slider (10) in such a manner that the slider (10) is partially exposed.
7. A pointing control device according to claim 6, wherein said casing (19) is provided
with a recess (19a) surrounding the exposed portion of the slider (10).
8. A pointing control device according to claim 6, wherein an upper surface of said support
(13) is provided with an annular projection (39), and wherein a lower surface of said
slider is provided with radial projections (38) which engage with the annular projection
of the support.
9. A pointing control device according to claim 2, further comprising means (10c, 20a)
for stopping the slider at an origin position thereof.
10. A pointing control device according to claim 2, wherein said slider (10) is made of
a flat plate slidably supported on the support in the horizontal direction.
11. A pointing control device according to claim 10, wherein an upper surface of said
slider is provided with an annular projection (10d).
12. A pointing control device according to claim 1, further comprising a permanent magnet
(18) provided in the slider (10).
13. A pointing control device according to claim 12, wherein said magnetic reluctance
type detector comprises magnetically reluctant elements (14, 14′) located in a vicinity
of the permanent magnet (18), whereby a position of the slider (10) is detected due
to a magnetic reluctance effect of the magnetically reluctant elements.
14. A pointing control device according to claim 1, wherein said slider is at least partially
made of a magnetized material.
15. A pointing control device according to claim 1, further comprising a returning means
for returning said slider (10) to an origin position thereof.
16. A pointing control device according to claim 15, wherein said returning means comprises
at least one spring (34, 35 or 36) provided between the slider and an immovable portion
of the device.
17. A pointing control device according to claim 15, wherein said returning means comprises
a rubber piece (37) provided between the slider and the support.
18. A pointing control device according to claim 1, further comprising a switch (15) which
is actuated by the slider (10).
19. A pointing control device according to claim 13, further comprising an acceleration
control means (43, 44, 45) for controlling the detecting signal of said magnetically
reluctant elements (14, 14′) as acceleration.
20. A pointing control device according to claim 1, wherein said actuating member is a
hole member (61) slidably supported on the support and having a finger insertion hole
in which an operator's finger can be inserted.
21. A pointing control device according to claim 20, wherein said support is constituted
by a casing (19) for movably holding the hole member (61).
22. A pointing control device according to claim 21, wherein said hole member is formed
of an elastic material.
23. A pointing control device according to claim 22, further comprising a retaining means
(62) for retaining the shape of the elastic hole member.
24. A pointing control device according to claim 21, further comprising means (74, 78)
for stopping the hole member at an origin position thereof.
25. A pointing control device according to claim 21, further comprising a permanent magnet
(18) provided on the bottom of the hole member.
26. A pointing control device according to claim 25, wherein said magnetic reluctance
type detector comprises magnetically reluctant elements (14, 14′) located in a vicinity
of the permanent magnet, whereby a position of the hole member is detected due to
a magnetic reluctance effect of the magnetically reluctant elements.
27. A pointing control device according to claim 21, further comprising a returning means
for returning said hole member to an origin position thereof.
28. A pointing control device according to claim 27, wherein said returning means comprises
a spring (76) provided between the hole member and an immovable portion of the device.
29. A pointing control device according to claim 21, further comprising a switch (15)
actuated by a movement of the hole member (61).
30. A pointing control device according to claim 21, further comprising an acceleration
control means (43, 44, 45) for controlling the detecting signal of said magnetically
reluctant elements (14, 14′) as acceleration.
31. A pointing control device according to claim 30, further comprising a control means
(45) for assuming the acceleration to be zero within a predetermined initial motion
region of the hole member.
32. A portable computer including a keyboard (24) and a pointing control device (25) which
is composed of a support (13, 19), a manually movable actuating member (10, 61) movably
supported by the support, and a magnetic reluctance type detector (14, 14′) for detecting
a magnitude of movement of the movable actuating member within a unit of time, whereby
the pointer or cursor can be moved in accordance with the detected magnitude of the
movable actuating member.
33. A portable computer according to claim 32, wherein said pointing control device (25)
is provided on the front side of the keyboard.
34. A portable computer according to claim 33, wherein the actuating member of the pointing
control device (25) is located on the front side edge of the keyboard.
35. A portable computer according to claim 33, wherein the actuating member of the pointing
control device (25) is located on the front upper surface of the keyboard.
36. A portable computer according to claim 33, wherein the actuating member of the pointing
control device (25) is located on the front end face of the keyboard.
37. A portable computer according to claim 33, wherein the pointing control device (25)
comprises a pair of input keys (85, 86) located on opposite sides of the actuating
member.
38. A portable computer according to claim 37, wherein the pointing control device (25)
is provided with a recessed portion in which the input keys are provided.
39. A portable computer according to claim 38, wherein said pointing control device (25)
comprises a marking which represents a direction of the movement of the actuating
member.
40. A portable computer according to claim 39, wherein said input keys are provided thereon
with a non-slip means.
41. A portable computer according to claim 38, wherein said recessed portion has a shape
of an elongated oval when viewed from the front thereof.
42. A portable computer according to claim 32, further comprising a display portion (93)
with a display panel (91), and wherein said pointing control device (25) is provided
on the front face of the display portion.
43. A portable computer according to claim 42, wherein said pointing control device (25)
is provided in the vicinity of a corner of the front face of the display portion.
44. A portable computer according to claim 43, wherein said display portion is provided
on a rear face thereof with function buttons (96, 97, 98) corresponding to function
buttons of an existing mouse, on a side opposite to that of the pointing control device
(25).
45. A portable computer according to claim 44, wherein said function buttons of the display
portion are located in a substantially sector arrangement.
46. A portable computer according to claim 44, further comprising a discriminating means
(95) for discriminating the function buttons on the display portion.