New 3'-(4-morpholinyl)-anthracycline derivatives

Abstract

 Anthracycline glycosides of general formula I:


wherein Z is hydrogen, X represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R₁ represents hydrogen, one of R₂ and R₃ is hydrogen, nitro or amino and the other is hydroxy; R₅ represents hydrogen and R₄ is hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to anthracycline glycosides, to processes for their preparation and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

[0002] The invention provides anthracycline glycosides having the general formula I:


wherein Z is hydrogen, X represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R₁ represents hydrogen; one of R₂ and R₃ is hydrogen, nitro or amino and the other is hydroxy; R₅ represents hydrogen and R₄ is hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof;

[0003] Preferred pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts are the hydrochloride salts. The preferred anthracycline glycosides of general formula I include:

a) 4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-nitro-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin
(X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₂=NO₂, R₃=R₄=OH, Z=H)

b) 4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-nitro-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin.
(X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₃=NO₂, R₂=R₄=OH, Z=H)

c) 4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-amino-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin
(X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=R₄=OH, Z=H)

d) 4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunoribicin
(X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₃=NH₂, R₂=R₄=OH, Z=H)

f) 4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-doxorubicin
(X=OH, R₁=R₅=H, R₃=NH₂, R₂=R₄=OH, Z=H).

[0004] The new anthracycline glycoside antibiotics of the invention are prepared by the formation of a morpholinyl or a methoxy-substituted morpholinyl ring at C-3' on the sugar moiety of the antitumor anthracycline glycosides of general formula II:


wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and X are as above defined or a salt thereof, for example a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt such as the hydrochloride salt. An anthracycline glycoside of formula I wherein Z=H or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is therefore prepared by reacting an anthracycline gycoside of formula II or a salt thereof, for example a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt such as the hydrochloride salt, with bis(2-iodoethyl)ether and, if desired, converting the anthracycline glycoside of formula I wherein Z is H thus obtained into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0005] More particularly the reaction for preparing 3'-(4-morpholino) anthracycline derivatives of formula I is typically carried out using an excess of bis(2-iodoethyl)-ether in an anhydrous polar organic solvent, such as dimethylformamide. The reaction is generally carried out at room temperature: It can be usually completed in one day.

[0006] The desired product is isolated from the reaction mixture, for example by solvent extraction. It may be purified by chromatography, for example column chromatography. It may be transformed into the hydrochloride salt, for example by treatment with methanolic hydrogen chloride.

[0007] In one embodiment, therefore, the anthracycline glycoside of formula II or salt thereof dissolved in an anhydrous polar solvent is reacted, at room temperature and for 24 hours, with an excess of bis(2-iodoethyl)ether in the presence of triethylamine; the pH of the reaction mixture, previously diluted with water, is adjusted to 7.5 using an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate; the reaction mixture is extracted with methylene chloride; the organic solvent is removed under reduced pressure; and, after purification of the crude product on a column of silica gel using a mixture of methylene chloride and methanol (98:2 v/v) as eluting agent, the product is isolated as the hydrochloride salt by addition of a methanolic solution of anhydrous hydrogen chloride.

[0008] The starting material for making the new 3'-(4-morpholino) glycosides of the invention are:

• the well known 4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-nitro-daunorubicin (C10: X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₂=NO₂, R₃=R₄=OH) and 4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-nitro-daunorubicin (C11: X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₃=NO₂, R₂=R₄=OH) (US-A-4684639);
• 4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-amino-daunorubicin (C12: X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=R₄=OH) and 4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-amino-doxorubicin (C13: X=OH, R₁=R₅=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=R₄=OH) (US-A-4348388); and
• 4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-daunorubicin (C14: X=H, R₁=R₅=H, R₃=NH₂, R₂=R₄=OH) and 4-demethoxy-6 deoxy-6-amino-doxorubicin (C15: X=OH, R₁=R₅=H, R₃=NH₂, R₂=R₄=OH) (EP-A- 0254484);

and salts thereof such as the hydrochloride salts.

[0009] The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising an anthracycline glycoside of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier. Conventional carriers and diluents may be used. The composition may be formulated and administered in conventional manner.

[0010] The compounds of the invention are useful in methods of treatment of the human or amnimal body by therapy. They are useful as antitumor agents. A therapeutically effective amount is administered to a patient. An amount sufficient to inhibit the growth of the tumor may be administered.

[0011] The tumor may be a Colon adenocarcinoma or Gross leukaemia tumor.

[0012] The following Example illustrates the invention. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) measurements were made on Kieselgel plates (Merck F254) using methylene chloride/ethanol (95/5 by volume) as eluent. "Merck" is a Trade Mark.

EXAMPLE 1

4-demethyl-6-deoxy-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-doxorubicin (a)

[0013] To a solution of 0.15 g (0.27 mmole) of 4-demethyl-6-deoxy-doxorubicin hydrochloride (C5) in 5 ml of anhydrous dimethylformamide, was added 1 g (3.07 mmole) of bis(2-iodoethyl)ether and 0.075 ml (0.535 mmole) of triethylamine. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for one day, then the mixture was diluted with 100 ml of water and the pH was adjusted to 7,5 with a solution of aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate. The aqueous layer was extracted with methylene chloride three times.

[0014] The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed on a column of silica gel using methylene chloride/methanol (98:2 v/v) as eluting system to give 70 mg (yield 42%) of the title compound (a) which was isolated as hydrochloride salt after addition with a methanolic solution of anhydrous hydrogen chloride.
m.p. 161-162°C (dec.); Rf:0.19; FD-MS: m/z 583 (M+.);
¹HNMR (200 MHz, DMSO) inter alia δ:
12.94 (s, 1H, 11-OH,), 12.53 (s, 1H, 4-OH), 7.9-7.7 (m, 3H, 6-H, 1-H, 2-H), 5.77 (d, J=5.7 Mz, 1H, 4'-OH), 5.42 (d, J=5.9, 7.4Hz, 1H, 7-H), 4.54 (s, 2H, CH₂OH), 4.0-2.7 (m, 13H, 5'-H, 4'-H, 3'-H, 10-CH₂, CH₂OCH₂, CN₂NCH₂), 1.19 (d, J=6.4Hz, 3H, 5'-CH₃).

EXAMPLE 2

4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-3'-deamino-3'(4-morpholino)-doxorubicin (r)

[0015] Following the procedure described in Example 1, the title compound (r) was obtained starting from 4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-aminodoxorubicin (C15). Yield 45%; m.p. 156-158°C (with dec.) FD-MS: m/z 584 (M+.)
¹HNMR (200 MHz, CDCl3) inter alia δ:
1.11 (d, J=6.6Hz, 3H, 5'-CH₃); 2.3-2.6 (m, 8H, CH₂NCH₂); 5.02 (dd, J=3.9, 5.3Hz, 1H, 7-H); 5.4 (d, J=2.9 Hz, 1H, 1'-H); 7.7.8.0 (m, 2H, 2-H, 3-H); 8.06 (broad, 2H, NH₂); 8.2-8.3 (m, 2H, 1-H, 4-H); 14.2 (1H, 11-OH).

Claims

1. An anthracycline glycoside of general formula I:

wherein Z is hydrogen, X represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R₁ represents hydrogen, one of R₂ and R₃ is hydrogen, nitro or amino and the other is hydroxy; R₅ represents hydrogen and R₄ is hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

2. A compound according to Claim 1, which is 4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-nitro-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin or its hydrochloride salt;
4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-nitro-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin or its hydrochloride salt;
4-demethoxy-11-deoxy-11-amino-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin or its hydrochloride salt;
4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl)-daunorubicin or its hydrochloride salt;
4-demethoxy-6-deoxy-6-amino-3'-deamino-3'-(4-morpholinyl) doxorubicin or its hydrochloride salt.

3. A process for the preparation of an anthracycline glycoside of formula I according to Claim 1 wherein Z=H, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which process comprises reacting an anthracycline glycoside of general formula II:

wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and X are as defined in Claim 1, or a salt thereof, with bis(2-iodoethyl)ether and, if desired, converting the anthracycline glycoside of formula I wherein Z is H thus obtained into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

4. A process according to Claim 3 wherein the anthracycline glycoside of formula II or salt thereof dissolved in an anhydrous polar solvent is reacted, at room temperature and for 24 hours, with an excess of bis(2-iodoethyl)ether in the presence of triethylamine; the pH of the reaction mixture, previously diluted with water, is adjusted to 7.5 using an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate; the reaction mixture is extracted with methylene chloride; the organic solvent is removed under reduced pressure; and, after purification of the crude product on a column of silica gel using a mixture of methylene chloride and methanol (98:2 v/v) as eluting agent, the product is isolated as the hydrochloride salt by addition of a methanolic solution of anhydrous hydrogen chloride.

5. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an anthracycline glycoside of formula I as defined in Claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.

6. An anthracycline glycoside of formula I according to Claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as an anti-tumor agent.

Claims

Claims for the following Contracting State(s): ES, GR

1. A process for the preparation of an anthracycline glycoside of formula I:

wherein Z=H, X represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R₁ represents hydrogen, one of R₂ and R₃ is hydrogen, nitro or amino and the other is hydroxy; R₅ represents hydrogen and R₄ is hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; which process comprises reacting an anthracycline glycoside of general formula II:

wherein R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₅ and X are as defined above or a salt thereof, with bis(2-iodoethyl)ether and, if desired, converting the anthracycline glycoside of formula I wherein Z is H thus obtained into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. A process according to claim 1 wherein the anthracycline glycoside of formula II or salt thereof dissolved in an anhydrous polar solvent is reacted, at room temperature and for 24 hours, with an excess of bis(2-iodoethyl)ether in the presence of triethylamine; the pH of the reaction mixture, previously diluted with water, is adjusted to 7.5 using an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate; the reaction mixture is extracted with methylene chloride; the organic solvent is removed under reduced pressure; and, after purification of the crude product on a column of silica gel using a mixture of methylene chloride and methanol (98:2 v/v) as eluting agent, the product is isolated as the hydrochloride salt by addition of a methanolic solution of anhydrous hydrogen chloride.