ATBECHDEDKESFRGBGRITLILUNLSEMCPTIESI..............RDIM360 - Ver 2.9 (30 Jun 1998) 2100000/0Der Erfinder hat auf seine Nennung verzichtet.The inventor has agreed to waive his entitlement to designation.L'Inventeur a renoncé à sa désignation.0638696EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATIONB120000531EP94202256.7199408041995051119970929enenen930136819930806NL200005312000221995021519950720000531200022199908057 7E 04D 5/12 AdeDachdeckungsmaterialenRoofcovering materialfrMatériau de couvertureEP-A- 0 145 064EP-A- 0 251 374FR-A- 1 560 512FR-A- 2 364 116FR-A- 2 478 709FR-A- 2 556 392GB-A- 923 635US-A- 4 588 4581The inventor has agreed to waive his entitlement to designation.MODIGLASS MODIFIED ASPHALT- AND GLASSMATMACHINES LTD00644850676-6-EurBahnhofstrasse 27ZugCHKoomen, M.J.I.00153251Kennemerstraatweg 35-371814 GB AlkmaarNLATBECHDEDKESFRGBGRIEITLILUMCNLPTSESI19941107

The invention relates to a roofcovering material, formed by a base layer, onto which base layer, under insertion of a separating layer, a bituminous covering layer has been applied.

From EP-A-0 251 374 is known a roofcovering material, formed by a base layer, onto which base layer, under insertion of a separating layer, a bituminous covering layer has been applied. The base layer is formed of non-woven glass fibers and is provided with apertures distributed over its surface through which molten bitumen may pass to fasten the roofcovering material to the roof. The separating layer is provided with perforations through which a limited bond exists between the covering layer and the base layer which is intended to easily break when the roofcovering material is exposed to stress as a result of the formation of cracks or fissures in the roof.

The known roofcovering material as described above has the drawback, that this has to be applied to a roof construction by heating the bitumen with an open flame, which constitutes an important fire hazard. It is not possible to apply the roofcovering material mechanically to the roof, for instance by means of a screw with washer plates or -strips, without the roofcovering material to come to lie completely loose when exposed to wind load.
The base layer comprised of the glass fibres tissue tears easily, so that, when the roofcovering material is exposed to windload, the base layer will break down, and thereby the connection between the covering layer, the base layer and the screwed connection will be broken, resulting in the roofcovering material to come to lie loose on the roof.

The invention aims to obviate these drawbacks of the known roofcovering material.

The roofcovering material according to the invention to that end is characterized, in that the base layer is formed by a supporting layer, by means of which the roofcovering material may be mechanically fastened to a foundation, such as a roof construction, and wherein the separating layer is provided with apertures,
through which the covering layer is firmly adhered to the supporting layer, while the separating layer is applied loosely or in spaced relationship over the supporting layer or the covering layer, such, that the covering layer and the supporting layer, outside of the area of the apertures, are movable with respect to each other, while the separating layer and the supporting layer are compressible or foldable under an elastic deformation of the covering layer.

According to a characteristic of the roofcovering material according to the invention, the supporting layer is provided with a reinforcement net.

According to another characteristic of the roofcovering material according to the invention, the supporting layer is formed by a woven material or fabric or fabric mat, for instance a woven glass mat or glass fabric mat, or is formed by a foil or film, such as for instance a metal foil or plastic film, or by a fleece, for instance a polyester fleece or film, or by paper, or by a linked or unlinked gauze, or a scrim.

Further the supporting layer may be made up of glass fibres, carbon fibres, plastic fibres, textile or fabric fibres, metal threads, or mixtures thereof, and which may be impregnated by a binding agent, be it fire-resistant or not.

With an efficient embodiment of the roofcovering material according to the invention, the supporting layer is formed by glass fabric or glass fabric mat, or a woven glass mat.

With the roofcovering material according to the invention, it is possible to fasten the roofcovering material mechanically to a roof construction by means of screws with washer plates or -strips.

According to a characteristic of the roofcovering material according to the invention the separating layer is liquid or vapour tight, or in any case liquid or vapour tight during the manufacturing process of the roofcovering material, and preferably the separating layer is formed by a plastic film. Further, the separating layer may also be provided with a reinforcement net.

The separating layer is applied loosely or in spaced relationship over the supporting layer or the covering layer, such, that the covering layer and the supporting layer, outside of the area of the apertures in the separating layer, through which the junctions between the covering layer and the supporting layer are formed, lie loose in relation to one another and are movable in relation to one another. With this measure it is achieved, that when the bituminous covering layer is cooled down, for instance during the manufacturing process of the roofcovering material, and/or at a later time, and shrinks, the bituminous covering layer is allowed to move (slide or glide) relative to the supporting layer.

According to a further characteristic of the roofcovering material according to the invention the separating layer may be formed by a number of strips, which strips, according to a further characteristic, extend substantially square lenghtwise of the roofcovering material.

According to another characteristic of the roofcovering material according to the invention the surface size of the supporting layer is larger than the surface size of the bituminous covering layer, such, that when the roofcovering material is unrolled and in a flat condition, the supporting layer, outside of the area of the junctions of the supporting layer and the covering layer, lies to a certain extent creased or folded relative to the covering layer.

When the roofcovering material is applied to a roof in which fissures or cracks may be formed, or onto a roof which expands under the influence of heat and/or vapour, the covering layer, due to the larger size of the supporting layer with respect to the covering layer, is allowed to move together with the underlying roof construction and to undergo to a certain degree an elastic deformation.

Further, when the sheet of roofcovering material is unrolled and applied onto a roof, the bituminius covering layer tends to shrink. In a favourable way, the separating layer is formed by a plastic film, of such a slight thickness, that when this film is adhered to the covering layer and is in spaced relationship to the supporting layer, this supporting layer may easily be compressed or undergo a slight creasing during the shrinking movement of the covering layer.

According to a further characteristic of the roof covering material according to the invention, the apertures distributed over the separating layer, and accordingly the junctions between the supporting layer and the covering layer, are distributed over the surface of the seperating layer at equal distances from one another.

The apertures distributed over the seperating layer, and accordingly the junctions, may cover between 2% and 90% of the surface of the seperating layer, more in particular 20% .

Further, the apertures may have a size varying from 0,1 cm2 to 500 cm2, more in particular 4 cm2.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing of an embodiment of an example.

The figures 1 and 2 show a sectional view of the roofcovering material, wherein in figure 2 the connection between two sheets of roofcovering material is shown.

With the roofcovering material as it is shown in the drawing, the sheet of roofcovering material is formed by a supporting layer 1 of glass fabric or glass fabric mat. Over the supporting layer 1 a seperating layer 2, in this example a flexible thin plastic film 2, is applied, which separates the supporting layer 1 from the bituminous covering layer 3, which is applied over the film 2, this however with the exceptions of the apertures 4 in the film 2, through which the material of the covering layer 3 has come into contact with the supporting layer 1 and where it has adhered itself firmly to the supporting layer 1, to form a permanent and firm junction between the supporting layer 1 and the covering layer 3.

The plastic film 2 is applied loosely or in spaced relationship over the supporting layer 1, such, that the covering layer 3, outside of the area of the apertures tures 4, is movable with respect to the supporting layer 1.
When the roofcovering material is cooled down, for instance during the manufacturing process thereof by means of hot bitumen, or at a later time, it will tend to shrink. When the roofcovering material is applied to the roof, and is unrolled, the bituminous covering layer 3 will shrink further.
The surface size of the supporting layer 1 is larger than the surface size of the bituminous covering layer 3, such, that when the roofcovering material is unrolled and in a flat condition, the supporting layer 1, outside of the area of the junctions 4 of the supporting layer 1 and the covering layer 3, lies to a certain extent creased 5 or folded 5 relative to the covering layer 3.
By means of the separating layer 2, which may easily be compressed or creased under the compression forces of the shrinking covering layer 3, it is thereby prevented, that the overlying bitumen layer follows this crease or fold formation of the supporting layer.
With the roofcovering material according to the invention it is thereby possible to allow the bituminous covering layer to undergo an elastic deformation, such as a shrinking movement, whereby the underlying supporting layer, such as a flexible glass fabric mat or flexible woven fabric mat, is allowed to crease and fold, which creasing or folding may take place independantly from the covering layer, due to the presence of the separating layer.

The roofcovering material may further be provided with a layer of granules 6, as shown in figure 1.

With the roofcovering material according to the invention it is possible to apply a sheet of roofcovering material to a roof construction without the necessity of the use of an open flame. The sheet of roofcovering material is unrolled over the roof, whereby the edge 7 of the roofcovering material is fastened to the roof construction by means of screws 8 and washer plates or -strips.
Near the edges 7 and 10 of the roofcovering material the supporting layer 1 overlaps the seperating layer 2, such that at the spot of the overlap 11 a direct connection is formed between the supporting layer 1 and the covering layer 3, so that the supporting layer 1 and the covering layer 3 at that place are firmly connected to each other.
At the edge 10 the covering layer 3 overlaps the supporting layer 1 and the seperating layer 2, such, that the roofcovering material at the place of the overlap 12 is formed only by the covering layer 3.
As can be seen in figure 2, the connection 9 between two sheets of roofcovering material placed side by side may be sealed by means of hot air, whereby the supporting layer 1 in the connection zone 9 has to be sealed to the underlying sheet, so that at wind load no notch effect or stress concentration appears at the transition where the supporting layer terminates, and where by means of bitumen of the underlying covering layer 3 a firm connection exists between the supporting layers of the two sheets.

With another embodiment of the roofcovering material according to the invention, the supporting layer 1 may be formed by a film or polyester fleece 1. The supporting layer 1 may thereby, at or near the edge 10 of the roofcovering material, at the side turned away from the covering layer, be provided with a heat or fire resistant layer or -strip , which is not shown in the drawing. With this measure it is prevented, that near the formation of the overlap the supporting layer at the place over the overlap is melted away by the hot air.

The supporting layer may also be provided with this heat or fire resistant layer at the side facing the covering layer, whereby this has the function of improving the fire safety of the roofcovering material.

 Roofcovering material, consisting of a base layer [1], onto which, under insertion of a separating layer [2], a bituminous covering layer [3] is applied,
characterized in that the base layer [1] is formed by a supporting layer [1] by means of which the roofcovering material may be mechanically fastened to a foundation, such as a roof construction, and wherein the separating layer [2] is provided with apertures [4], through which the covering layer [3] is firmly adhered to the supporting layer [1], while the separating layer [2] is applied loosely or in spaced relationship over the supporting layer [1] or the covering layer [3], such, that the covering layer [3] and the supporting layer [1], outside of the area of the apertures [4], are movable with respect to each other, while the separating layer [2] and the supporting layer [1] are compressible or foldable under an elastic deformation of the covering layer [3]. Roofcovering material according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting layer [1] is provided with a reinforcement net. Roofcovering material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting layer [1] is formed by a woven material, such as a fabric or a fabric mat, or is formed by a scrim, or a foil or film, such as for instance a metal foil or plastic film, by a fleece, by paper, or by a linked or unlinked gauze. Roofcovering material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the supporting layer [1] is made up of glass fibres, carbon fibres, plastic fibres, textile or fabric fibres, metal threads, paper fibres, or mixtures thereof. Roofcovering material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting layer [1] is formed by a glass fabric or glass fabric mat. Roofcovering material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting layer [1] is formed by a polyester film, tissue or web. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting layer [1], at one or both of its sides, completely or only along one or both edges of the roofcovering material, is provided with a heat or fire protective layer. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating layer [2] is liquid or vapour tight, such as to prevent the covering layer [3] from adhering itself to the supporting layer [1], outside the area of the apertures in the separating layer [1]. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating layer [2] is provided with a reinforcement net. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating layer [2] is formed by a foil or film, such as for instance a metal foil or plastic film [2], and preferably is formed by a plastic film, or by a separating paste or a separating liquid. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting layer [1] is formed by a number of strips. Roofcovering material according to claim 11, characterized in that the strips extend substantially square lenghtwise of the roofcovering material. Roofcovering material according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the strips have a width varying from 2 to 500 mm, preferably 50 mm. Roofcovering material according to claim 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that the strips are positioned at a distance from one another, the distance varying from 0,1 to 500 mm, preferably 10 mm. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface size of the supporting layer [1] is larger than the surface size of the bituminous covering layer [3], such, that when the roofcovering material is unrolled and in a flat condition, the supporting layer [1], outside of the area of the junctions [4] of the supporting layer [1] and the covering layer [3], lies to a certain extent creased [5] or folded [5] relative to the covering layer [3]. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apertures [4] distributed over the separating layer [1], and accordingly the junctions [4] between the supporting layer [1] and the covering layer [3], are distributed over the surface of the separating layer [2] at equal distances from one another. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apertures [4] distributed over the separating layer [2], and accordingly the junctions [4], cover between 2% and 90% of the surface of the separating layer [2]. Roofcovering material according to claim 17, characterized in that the apertures [4] distributed over the separating layer [2] cover 20% of the surface of the separating layer [2]. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apertures [4] have a size varying from 0,1 cm2 to 500 cm2, more in particular 4 cm2. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apertures [4] distributed over the separating layer [2] have a round shape. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that near or at the edges [7, 10] the supporting layer [1] overlaps the separating layer [2], such that at the place of the overlap [11] a direct bond between the supporting layer [1] and the covering layer [3] exists, such that the supporting layer [1] and the covering layer [3] are at that place firmly connected. Roofcovering material according to claim 21, characterized in that the overlap [12] has a width varying from 0,1 to 200 mm, preferably 10 mm. Roofcovering material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at or near at least one of the edges [10] the covering layer [3] overlaps the supporting layer [1] and the separating layer [1], such, that the roofcovering material at the place of the overlap [12] is formed solely by the covering layer [3]. Roofcovering material according to claim 23, characterized in that the overlap [12] of the covering layer [3] over the separating layer [2] and the supporting layer [1] has a width varying from 0,1 mm to 300 mm, preferably 30 mm. Dachdeckungsmaterial, welches eine Basislage (1) aufweist, auf welcher unter Zwischenschaltung einer Trennlage (2) eine Bitumen-Decklage (3) aufgebracht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Basislage (1) durch eine Traglage (1) gebildet ist, mittels welcher das Dachdeckungsmaterial mechanisch an einem Unterbau, beispielsweise einer Dachkonstruktion, befestigt werden kann, und die Trennlage (2) mit Durchbrechungen (4) versehen ist, durch welche die Decklage (3) fest an der Traglage (1) angeklebt ist, während die Trennlage (2) lose oder mit Abstand über die Traglage (1) oder die Decklage (3) aufgebracht ist derart, daß die Decklage (3) und die Traglage (1) außerhalb des Bereiches der Durchbrechungen (4) gegeneinander bewegbar sind, während die Trennlage (2) und die Traglage (1) komprimierbar oder faltbar unter elastischer Deformation der Decklage (3) sind. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) mit einem Verstärkungsnetz versehen ist. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) durch ein gewebtes Material gebildet wird, beispielsweise einen Stoff oder eine Stoffmatte, oder durch eine laminierte Textilie aus Faservlies oder eine Folie oder einen Film, beispielsweise eine Metall-Folie oder eine Kunststoff-Folie, durch ein Vlies, durch Papier oder durch verknüpfte oder unverknüpfte Gaze gebildet wird. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) aus Glasfasern, Kohlenstoff-Fasern, Kunststoff-Fasern, Textil- oder Stoff-Fasern, Metallfäden, Papierfasern oder Mischungen derselben gebildet ist. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) durch ein Glasgewebe oder eine Glasgewebe-Matte gebildet ist. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) durch eine bzw. ein Polyesterfolie, -gewebe oder -bahn gebildet wird. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) an einer ihrer oder an beiden ihrer Seiten vollständig oder nur entlang einer oder beider Kante(n) des Dachdeckungsmaterials mit einer Hitze- oder Feuerschutz-Lage versehen ist. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennlage (2) flüssigkeits- oder wasserdicht ist, derart, daß sie die Decklage (3) daran hindert, sich selbst an der Traglage (1) außerhalb des Bereiches der Durchbrechungen in der Trennlage (1) anzukleben. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennlage (2) mit einem Verstärkungsnetz versehen ist. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennlage (2) durch eine Folie oder einen Film, beispielsweise eine Metall-Folie oder einen Kunststoff-Film (2) und vorzugsweise durch einen Kunststoff-Film oder durch eine Trennpaste oder eine Trennflüssigkeit gebildet ist. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Traglage (1) durch eine Anzahl von Streifen gebildet wird. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streifen im wesentlichen quadratisch der Länge des Dachdeckungsmaterials nach sich erstrecken. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streifen eine Breite haben, die zwischen 2 und 500 mm schwankt, vorzugsweise von 50 mm. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 11, 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streifen in einem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind und der Abstand zwischen 0,1 und 500 mm schwankt, vorzugsweise 10 mm. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächengroße der Traglage (1) größer ist als die Oberflächengröße der Bitumen-Decklage (3) derart, daß, wenn das Dachdeckungsmaterial entrollt und in eine ebene Lage gebracht ist, die Traglage (1) außerhalb des Bereiches der Verbindungen (4) der Traglage (1) und der Decklage (3) in einem bestimmten Ausmaß geknittert (5) oder gefaltet (5) relativ zur Decklage (5) liegt. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Trennlage (1) verteilten Durchbrechungen (4), und demgemäß die Verbindungen (4) zwischen der Traglage (1) und der Decklage (3) über die Oberfläche der Trennlage (2) unter gleichen Abständen voneinander verteilt sind. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Trennlage (2) verteilten Durchbrechungen (4) und demgemäß die Verbindungen (4) zwischen 2% und 90% der Oberfläche der Trennlage (2) bedecken. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Trennlage (2) verteilten Durchbrechungen (4) etwa 20% der Fläche der Trennlage (2) bedecken. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchbrechungen (4) eine Größe haben, die von zwischen 0,1 cm2 und 500 cm2 schwankt, insbesondere 4 cm2 Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Trennlage (8) verteilten Durchbrechungen eine runde Form aufweisen. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nahe oder an den Kanten (7, 10) die Traglage (1) die Trennlage (2) überragt derart, daß am Ort der Überragung (11) eine direkte Verbindung zwischen der Traglage (1) und der Decklage (3) existiert derart, daß die Traglage (1) und die Decklage (3) an diesem Ort fest miteinander verbunden sind. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überragung (12) eine Breite aufweist, die zwischen 0,1 bis 200 mm schwankt, vorzugsweise 10 mm. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an oder nahe wenigstens einer der Kanten (10) die Decklage (3) die Traglage (1) und die Trennlage (1) überragt derart, daß das Dachdeckungsmaterial am Ort der Überragung (12) lediglich durch die Decklage gebildet wird. Dachdeckungsmaterial nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überragung (12) der Decklage (3) über die Trennlage (2) und die Traglage (11) eine Breite aufweist, die zwischen 0,1 mm und 300 mm schwankt, vorzugsweise 30 mm. Matériau de couverture, se composant d'une couche de base (1) sur laquelle, lors de l'insertion d'une couche de séparation (2) on applique une couche de couverture bitumineuse (3), caractérisé en ce que la couche de base (1) se compose d'une couche de support (1) au moyen de laquelle le matériau de couverture peut être fixé mécaniquement sur une fondation, telle qu'une construction en forme de toit, et dans lequel la couche de séparation (2) est pourvue d'ouvertures (4) à travers lesquelles la couche de couverture (3) adhère solidement à la couche de support (1), tandis que la couche de séparation (2) est appliquée de manière flottante ou en relation d'espacement sur la couche de support (1) ou la couche de couverture (3), de telle sorte que la couche de couverture (3) et la couche de support (1), en-dehors de la région des ouvertures (4), sont mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, tandis que la couche de séparation (2) et la couche de support (1) sont compressibles ou pliables sous l'effet d'une déformation élastique de la couche de couverture (3). Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) est munie d'un filet de renfort. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) se compose d'un matériau tissé, comme un tissu ou un mat en tissu, ou est formée par un canevas, une feuille ou un film, par exemple une feuille métallique ou un film plastique, par une nappe, par du papier ou par une gaze remaillée ou non remaillée. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) est fabriquée en fibres de verre, fibres de carbone, fibres plastiques, textiles ou fibres de tissu, fils métalliques, fibres de papier ou des mélanges de celles-ci. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) se compose d'un tissu de verre textile ou d'un mat de tissu de verre textile. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) se compose d'un film polyester, d'une étoffe ou d'une toile. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1), à une de ses extrémités ou aux deux, complètement ou seulement le long d'un ou des deux bords du matériau de couverture, est pourvue d'une couche de protection thermique ou ignifugée. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de séparation (2) est étanche aux liquides ou à la vapeur, de manière à empêcher la couche de couverture (3) d'adhérer elle-même à la couche de support (1), en-dehors de la région des ouvertures dans la couche de séparation (1). Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de séparation (2) est pourvue d'un filet de renfort. Matériau de couverture selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de séparation (2) se compose d'une feuille ou d'un film, par exemple une feuille métallique ou un film plastique (2), et se compose de préférence d'un film plastique, ou d'une pâte de séparation ou d'un liquide de séparation. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) se compose d'un certain nombre de bandes. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les bandes s'étendent sensiblement de manière rectangulaire dans le sens de la longueur du matériau de couverture. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que les bandes présentent une largeur variant entre 2 et 500 mm, de préférence de 50 mm. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 11, 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que les bandes sont placées à une certaine distance les unes des autres, la distance variant entre 0,1 et 500 mm, de préférence 10 mm. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface de la couche de support (1) est plus importante que la surface de la couche de couverture bitumineuse (3), de telle sorte que, lorsque le matériau de couverture est déroulé et à l'état plat, la couche de support (1), en-dehors de la région des jonctions (4) de la couche de support (1) et la couche de couverture (3), est posée, dans une certaine mesure, de manière plissée (5) ou pliée (5) par rapport à la couche de couverture (3). Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (4) réparties sur la couche de séparation (1), et selon les jonctions (4) entre la couche de support (1) et la couche de couverture (3), sont réparties sur la surface de la couche de séparation (2) à égale distance les unes des autres. Matériau de couverture selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (4) réparties sur la couche de séparation (2), et par conséquent les jonctions (4), recouvrent entre 2 % et 90 % de la surface de la couche de séparation (2). Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (4) réparties sur la couche de séparation (2) recouvrent 20 % de la surface de la couche de séparation (2). Matériau de couverture selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (4) ont une taille variant entre 0,1 cm2 et 500 cm2, plus particulièrement de 4 cm2. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (4) réparties sur la couche de séparation (2) présente une forme ronde. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, à proximité ou au niveau des bords (7, 10), la couche de support (1) chevauche la couche de séparation (2), de telle sorte qu'il existe, à la place du chevauchement (11), une liaison directe entre la couche de support (1) et la couche de couverture (3), de telle sorte que la couche de support (1) et la couche de couverture (3) soient solidement raccordées à cet endroit. Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que le chevauchement (12) présente une largeur variant entre 0,1 et 200 mm, de préférence de 10 mm. Matériau de couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au niveau ou à proximité d'au moins un des bords (10), la couche de couverture (3) chevauche la couche de support (1) et la couche de séparation (2), de telle sorte que le matériau de couverture, à l'endroit du chevauchement (12) soit simplement formé par la couche de couverture (3). Matériau de couverture selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que le chevauchement (12) de la couche de couverture (3) sur la couche de séparation (2) et la couche de support (1) présente une largeur variant entre 0,1 mm et 300 mm, de préférence de 30 mm.