[0001] This invention relates to an assembler-adapter for pallets, which has been conceived
and designed in order to make it possible to achieve uniformity of the pallet model
between suppliers of auxiliary materials, such as corrugated cardboard, card, plastics,
etc. and the customers of these suppliers, manufacturers of a variety of products,
who, due to the demands of their own distribution, find themselves obliged to necessarily
used a type of pallet measuring 800 x 1,200 mm.
[0002] Manufacturers of auxiliary material use disposable pallets, usually of low quality,
to supply their products to their customers. These pallets have a surface area of
1,000 x 1,200 mm., thus allowing good use to be made of them. Therefore, for example,
the development of folded boxes adapts better to a pallet of this size, where 1 package
of boxes is larger, while at the same time optimum use is made of the stowage capacity
of each pallet.
[0003] Moreover, stowing boxes on pallets measuring 800 x 1,200 mm., causes, apart from
taking lower advantage of the pallets, an increase in transport costs and deterioration
of the quality of the product, due to the ends of the boxes overhanging the pallet
and becoming damaged during transit. This, in turn, causes stoppages when the boxes
are used with automatic packing machines.
[0004] With this situation, the manufacturer absorbs the cost of the 1,000 x 1,200 mm.,
pallets which are supplied by the cardboard manufacturer into his operating account,
at a price of approximately 500-750 pesetas each, which means that apart from not
being able to reuse these pallets, he also has the additional costs of having to dispose
of them, by burning, removal from the factory, etc.
[0005] The ideal solution, therefore, would be for both, the manufacturer of the auxiliary
materials and his customer, the product manufacturer, to use the same kind of pallet,
although we have seen that this solution is not possible because of the reasons stated,
with the current situation being that two types of pallets exist: the 1,000 x 1,200
mm., and the 800 x 1,200 mm. models.
[0006] On the other hand, at hypermarkets, supermarkets and other retail outlets, companies
are accustomed to using smaller pallets, called half-pallets, which measure 600 x
800 mm. The use of these half-pallets is justified because of the method of operation
of these companies, as well as by the advantages that they offer for the sale of products
in their aisles.
[0007] Obviously, the solution to this problem could be for product manufacturers to use
half-pallets for supplies to their customers. However several problems arise, for
instance in the handling and production, as production lines are automated and have
automatic palletizing systems; the half-pallet is not suited to working with roller
conveyors and consequently reduces productivity. Therefore, these disadvantages are
solved by placing a half-pallet on top of a full-sized pallet.
[0008] In rack-type storage systems, the racks are prepared for 1,200 x 800 mm., pallets,
which means that it is impossible to store half-pallets measuring 600 x 800 mm., making
it necessary to use full-sized pallets and then depalletize the said half-pallets,
with the resulting inconvenience.
[0009] Consequetly, in transporting half-pallets, and in both loading and unloading operations,
the movements to be carried out would be duplicated.
[0010] In palletizing, the above-mentioned solution regarding handling, storing, transporting,
etc. of half-pallets by placing them on top of full-sized pallets duplicates the cost
of this palletization with the resulting increase in handling operations.
[0011] In view of all these problems and disadvantages, it has been considered that the
ideal solution is to join together two 600 x 800 mm., half-pallets so that they form
a normal full-sized 1,200 x 800 mm., pallet. In this way, the two-part 1,200 x 800
mm. module would be used in production; the same 1,200 x 800 mm. module would be used
in storage, with both drive-in type racking systems with supports at the sides and
with normal or silo type systems with a central support, whereas in distribution,
the goods would be delivered to their final distribution point intact on the half-pallets.
[0012] Already known in this field of half-pallets are the units known as DUSSEL, which
have horizontal U-shaped metal reinforcements fitted to their four corners and in
the middle of their 800 mm., sides. These half-pallets suffer from the same problems
as those previously mentioned for their conversion into 1,200 x 800 mm., pallets.
[0013] The first object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the 1,000 x
1,200 mm., pallets by providing an assembler-adapter that allows a smaller pallet
to be made bigger and viceversa.
[0014] Another object of the invention is to allow the same pallets to be reused, thus obtaining
a substantial reduction in costs.
[0015] A third object of the invention is an assembly method that connects together two
half-pallets, whether DUSSEL type half-pallets or other more conventional half-pallets.
[0016] As regards the first object of the invention, and for the corresponding purposes
of interpretation of the invention, mention will be made, by way of example, to the
previously-mentioned case of pallets measuring 800 x 1,200 mm., and 1,000 x 1,200
mm., although it must be well understood that this does not in any way place any limitation
or restriction on the scope of the invention.
[0017] According to the invention, adapters are produced, whose use will cause disposable
1,000 x 1,200 pallets to disappear. As mentioned earlier, the disadvantage of these
pallets is not only that they must be removed or destroyed but also the cost of doing
so, while at the same time causing serious environmental damage due to the fact that
they cannot be recycled.
[0018] In the present case, a single type of pallet is used, which is the one used by product
manufacturers, measuring 800 x 1,200 mm., so that, when used in combination with an
adapter, the pallet becomes converted into a final surface measuring 1,000 x 1,200
mm., on which the manufacturer of auxiliary material (boxes, cardboard, etc.) supllies
the product manufacturer. The latter uses the materials supplied on the pallet and
later, in turn, uses the same pallet for his own distribution, returning the adapters
to the manufacturer of auxiliary material, so that they can be reused and the cycle
recommence.
[0019] In the case of a basic pallet measuring 800 x 1,000 mm, the adapter is fitted to
its longer sides. This adapter is composed of two essentially equal items, each of
which has a body equal in size to the long side of the basic pallet. The lower side
of this body is fitted with two essentially parallel projections of a certain length,
which fit flush with one long side of the body while jutting out at the other side.
[0020] By means of these two projections, each of the two items is inserted into the gaps
in the sides of the pallets, with which, due to the sufficient length of the projections,
they become fitted to the said longer sides of the basic pallet.
[0021] Each of the bodies of these two items fits flush with the upper or top surface of
the pallet, so that if the smaller measurement of the basic pallet is 800 mm., the
width of these bodies will be 100 mm., which means that when all are joined together,
they create a top surface area of 1,000 x 1,200 mm.
[0022] Each of the adapters can be extracted from the basic pallet without any kind of problems,
so as to allow both the said pallet and the adapters to be used separately.
[0023] As a constructional variant, the invention proposes the arrangement of two bodies
which are fitted to the longer sides of the basic pallet, with each of these sides
being provided with pairs of approximately L-shaped metal fittings, having one of
the arms considerably longer than the other. The longer arm is fixed to the top surface
of the body in such a way that it juts out a certain amount from it, with this prolongation
being situated onto the top surface of the pallet, while the other arm acts like a
hook and becomes housed in such a way that it grips one side of one of the parts of
the top of the pallet.
[0024] Another constructional variant consists of using one single piece whose surface measures
1,000 x 1,200 mm., and which has longitudinal projections incorporated into one of
its sides, with these projections corresponding in position and dimensions to the
recesses or gaps in the basic pallet.
[0025] This single part is situated onto the pallet so that the longitudinal projections
become housed in the recesses in the top surface of the profile with a certain amount
of pressure to ensure that their position is stable.
[0026] The invention also applies to the assembling together of two separate pallets, whether
fitted together by means of their longer sides or their shorter sides. In both these
supposed cases, the single body so formed will result in two different dimensions
being formed, one of 1,000 x 2,400 mm., and the other of 1,800 x 1,200 mm., as will
be appreciated with later reference to the drawings.
[0027] In one of the cases, at least one of the longer sides of the adapter is provided
in its lower part with lugs that are housed in the gaps in the sides of the two pallets
fitted together by their shorter sides. These side gaps exist in the 1,200 mm., sides
of both basic pallets.
[0028] In the other case, the lugs in the lower part of the adapter are made in its shorter
sides so that the lower lugs are housed in the side gaps of the two pallets which
are fitted together, also in the 1,200 mm. sides. of both basic pallets.
[0029] When wishing to fit together two pallets, either when fitted together by their longer
or their shorter sides, without it being necessary to increase the usable surface
of the total surface area, adapters based on iron bars are provided, equipped with
hook-shaped ends, by means of which it is possible to connect the said pallets. In
both cases, the adapters will be of a suitable length, i.e. 1.6 m. when the basic
pallets are joined together by their longer sides and 1.33 m. when the pallets are
joined together by their shorter sides.
[0030] In order to achieve the other objective, half-pallets measuring 600 x 800 mm., are
used. Known as DUSSEL pallets, they are in general use in Germany, for instance, and
are provided with U-shaped metal fittings, with their arms situated horizontally,
arranged at the four corners and in the middle area of their 800 mm. sides.
[0031] The bases of these metal fittings therefore remain flush with the 800 mm. sides,
which are the sides that need to be connected together in order to form a 1,200 x
800 mm., pallet.
[0032] In order to do this, the invention claims the making of slots or females in the bases
of the three metal fittings in one of the 800 mm. sides, as well as the making of
projections or males in the bases of the other three metal fittings in the other 800
mm. side, in such a way that these male and female parts coincide and interlink when
two half-pallets are fitted together by their said 800 mm. sides, so as to form a
single pallet measuring 1,200 x 800 mm.
[0033] In this coincide, the projections or male parts of one set of metal fittings are
housed in the slots or females of the other metal fittings, causing the surfaces of
the metal fittings, as well the sides of the half-pallets, to be in surface contact
with each other.
[0034] The ends of the projections or males are each provided with a catch or prong with
a greater cross-section than the rest of the said projections.
[0035] The slots or females are grooves cut in the metal fittings, with a wide upper portion
which allows the catches on the projections to pass through, and another narrower
lower portion in which the projections are received and fit quite tightly, with the
catches or prongs jutting out through the inside face of these metal fittings and
being supported on the surface of the said metal fittings on both sides of the narrow
portion of the slots.
[0036] Thus, the assembly or fitting together of the two half-pallets is carried out by
placing both side by side and slightly lifting the side edge of the half-pallet with
the projections so that the prongs can pass through the upper portion of the slots.
Once the prongs have passed through, the corresponding half-pallet is lowered, by
its own weight, for instance, with which the projection becomes housed in the narrow
portion of the slot and a perfectly stable assembly is achieved.
[0037] Obviously, in order to disconnect the two parts, it is sufficient to raise the side
of the half-pallet that is equipped with the projections in order to also raise the
projections, withdraw them through the upper portion of the slots and separate the
half-pallets.
[0038] In particular, and as a preferable solution, the slots or females in the metal fittings
have a wide circular upper portion and a narrow vertical groove extending downwards
a certain distance from the bottom of the said circular portion.
[0039] The projection or male part is a straight cylindrical part, welded to the metal fitting,
whose outer end or prong takes a circular shape with a flattened upper area which
is established as a continuation of the cylindrical portion of the projection. The
purpose of this arrangement, as will be explained later with reference to the drawings,
is to make it easier for the projection to be inserted and withdrawn through the slots.
[0040] In the other hypothesis concerning half-pallets, we refer firstly to the case of
two half-pallets joined to each other by their facing wings, a case which, as will
be explained later, is specially conceived for those cases in which the complete pallet
is stored in a drive-in type racking system, although it can also be used for silo
type racking systems.
[0041] Once that the two half-pallets have been arranged in position, a part is housed through
their two longitudinal sides, with this part being composed of a central portion with
a cross-section equal to the section of the space produced by the pairs of wings of
each half-pallet and the blocks attached to these wings. This central portion thus
adjusts in all its dimensions to those of the two sides in their encounter areas.
[0042] Starting from the said central portion of the assembler, two wings protrude outwards,
also longitudinal and of the same height, which extend on the outside over the also
outer faces of the blocks, with the ends of these wings having right angle bends which
adjust to those faces of the said blocks which are farthest from each other.
[0043] With the two parts of the assembler thus arranged in the sides, the parts are then
secured to the two half-pallets by means of the appropriate strips that fit round
the parts against the two blocks in each of the half-pallets.
[0044] The central portions of the two assemblers will preferably be made of metallic material
and hollow inside, so that, without any loss of strength, they do not excessively
increase the weight of the complete pallet assembly which has been formed. In terms
of the possible load to be borne by the pallet in question, more than one strip can
be fitted, with which the effect of the loads on the connection area of the half pallets
can be neutralized.
[0045] One constructional variant for this arrangement consists of providing the assembly
parts with another side face with wings parallel to the mentioned face and of the
same size, although without its ends being bent. These assembly parts are situated
in a different way to those described previously. Their inclusion between the two
half-pallets is carried out by situating them with the sides with wings facing each
other so that both portions situate their wings over the central portion while the
wings of the assembly parts laterally clasp the nearby blocks. As before, these parts
are secured with strips.
[0046] The provision of this variant also includes the two end portions of the connection
of the two half-pallets and, if necessary, the central portion of this connection.
[0047] Another constructional variant of the invention consists of applying assemblers when
wishing to connect the two half-pallets by their outer wings.
[0048] For this solution, parts with two portions will be used, which are housed between
the two blocks of each half-pallet, with both portions being joined by another straight
outer portion, which is applied against the two blocks of the half-pallets which are
facing each other.
[0049] All these and other details of the invention will be appreciated in greater detail
by referring to the sheets of drawings which are attached herewith and which, in a
non-restrictive way, represent the following:
- Figures 1, 2 and 3 are three views of one solution for the adapter which is housed
on two sides of the pallet.
- Figures 4, 5 and 6 correspond to three views of the extension system arranged on the
sides of the pallet with top entry and exit.
- Figures 7, 8 and 9 show three views of the adapter, supposing that this is one single
part.
- Figures 10 and 11 make it possible to appreciate the position of the adapters when
two pallets are joined together by their longer or shorter sides.
- Figures 12 and 13 show the two variants relating to the adapter when it is not necessary
to increase the joint usable surface.
- Figure 14 represents the adapter to be used in the case in the previous paragraph.
- Figures 15 and 16 represent a solution of the adapter with folding legs.
- Figures 17 and 18 refer to a reinforced variant of the same.
- Figure 19 shows a perspective of two DUSSEL half-pallets, including the solution provided
by the invention.
- Figure 20 shows two views of the metal fitting that includes the slots or females.
- Figure 21 also shows two views of the metal fitting that includes the projections
or males.
- Figure 22 is a detail of the projections or males.
- Figure 22 is a detail of the projections.
- Figure 23 represents the final connection of the two DUSSEL-type half-pallets.
- Figure 24 is a perspective of another type of half-pallet.
- Figures 25 to 29 represent the connection of two half-pallets by their facing sides,
as well as by the assembly part.
- Figure 30 is a perspective of a constructional variant for when two half-pallets are
connected by their facing wings and by approximation over the assembly parts.
- Figures 31 and 32 are variants of the above.
- Figures 33 to 35 represent the way in which the assembler shown in Fig. 30 becomes
housed.
- Figures 36 and 37 show the connection between two half-pallets by their outer wings,
as well as the assembler.
[0050] Looking now at Figures 1, 2 and 3, we can appreciate a basic pallet (1) measuring
800 x 1,200 mm., to which, along its longer sides (B), two parts (2) provided with
projections (3) have been added. The measurement (B) of the adapters (2, 3) is equal
to that of the basic pallet, so the projections (3) become housed in the recesses
or gaps in the longer sides of the pallet (1). The other dimension (A) of 800 mm.,
corresponding to the shorter side of the basic pallet, is thus increased by the amount
of the two dimensions (C), which are each of 100 mm., with which the total size of
the pallet with the adapter reaches 1,000 mm.
[0051] The other variant shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 represents the other side variant in
which the longer sides (B) of the basic pallet (1) receive the two adapters (4), which
include the appropriately secured L-shaped metal parts (5). These parts or fittings
(5) are situated above the side ends of the basic pallet (1) in order to hook onto
the said sides.
[0052] The variant represented in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 refers to the adapter as a single body
(6), whose overall size is 1,000 x 1,200 mm., with its lower longitudinal ribs (7),
which are inserted, with a certain amount of pressure, into the gaps in the basic
pallet (1).
[0053] According to Fig. 10, two basic pallets (1', 1'') are shown joined together by their
shorter sides, with the adapter (8) fitted to them, provided with lower lugs (9, 9')
which, as in the case of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, are inserted to the side gaps in the pallets
(1', 1''), in this case in 20 only one of the sides in order to make their insertion
easier.
[0054] On the contrary, in the case of Fig. 11, the adapter (9) takes in two pallets (1',
1'') joined together by their longer sides and is provided with wedges (10, 10') which
are established on both sides of the shorter sides, given that for their insertion,
the two pallets (1', 1'') can be arranged at an angle, thus allowing the entry of
the two pairs of lugs (10, 10').
[0055] Referring now to Figs. 12 and 13, it must be pointed out that, in this variant, the
adapter is articulated based on the bars (11, 12) with hook-shaped ends, which are
used in the appropiate sizes, according to whether the pallets are joined together
by their longer or their shorter sides. In either of these two cases, the individual
pallets are fitted together by placing them at an angle in order to allow the bars
(11, 12) to be inserted and thus carry out the assembly of the said pallets.
[0056] As was explained previously, and as shown in Fig. 14, the bars or elements (11, 12)
will be of different sizes depending on which of the supposed cases shown in Figs.
12 and 13 are being used.
[0057] Figs. 15 and 16 represent the adapter (13) with its top surface (14) and the legs
(15) secured to this surface by means of hinges (16), which allow them to be folded
away when not in use.
[0058] Figs. 17 and 18 show the reinforced solution (17) for the adapter, with its top (18)
and bottom (19) surfaces, with the legs for insertion into the sides of the pallet
situated between them.
[0059] As regards Fig. 19, we can observe two DUSSEL-type half-pallets (D, E), which each
have two sides (21, 22) measuring 600 mm. in length, whereas the other two sides (23,
24) measure 800 mm. Metal fittings (F) are shown at the corners and in the middle
of their longer sides. These metal fittings are divided into two types, with one type
(26), equipped with slots or females, being fitted to one side of each pallet and
the other type (25), equipped with projections or males, fitted to the other side.
[0060] In Fig. 20, we can see the metal fitting (26) with its wings (28), and its slot (27),
with its rounded upper area (29) and its lower elongated narrow vertical portion (30).
[0061] Fig. 21 shows the metal fitting (25), also with its wings (28), with the cylindrical
projection (32) fixed to its base by welding and the prong (31) or catch at the end
of the projection. The shape of this prong (31) is shown in an enlarged form in Fig.
22, based on the cylinder (32) whose upper generatrix extends to the upper part of
the end prong or catch (31). This upper part (33) of the prong forms a surface which
prevents any problems when it is being extracted or withdrawn from its housing at
the top of the upper part (29) of the slot (27).
[0062] The assembly of the two half-pallets is illustrated in Fig. 23, where the two half-pallets
(E) and (D) are shown, with the outer sides of the metal fittings (25) and (26) facing
each other and with their sides (21) and (22) aligned parallel to each other. The
projection or male (32) has already become housed in the slot (27) wth the end prong
or catch (31) directed downwards.
[0063] The surface contact between each two pairs of metal fittings and the action of the
prongs (31) against the inner sides of the metal fittings (26) mean that the formation
of the 1,200 x 800 pallet is fast, safe and perfectly stable.
[0064] As regards Fig. 24, a half-pallet (34) is shown, with its front and rear sides having
dimensions of 600 mm., and its left and right sides measuring 800 mm. The left side
is known as having "facing wings" (G, G', G'') and the right side (H) is known as
having "outer wings".
[0065] The half-pallet is organized by means of combining the three wings (36, 37), each
separated by internal (38) and end (39) blocks. Boards (35) are placed over these
wings (36), situated crosswise to them, with precisely the intention of joining together
the above-mentioned sides (G, G', G'') and (H) in order to form a complete pallet.
[0066] In accordance with Fig. 25, the connection of two half-pallets (34, 34') can be observed,
with the intention of joining them together. A gap (46) is formed between the internal
blocks (38, 38') of each half-pallet, while the end blocks (39, 39') are situated
distant from each other.
[0067] Figs. 26 and 27 allow us to understand the shape of the assembler (40) to be used
in this case, with a central area (41) and wings at each side which are bent (42,
43) at their free ends, protruding out from one of its longitudinal faces. The central
portion (41) has a section which in size corresponds to the dimensions of the gap
(46) formed between the two half-pallets (34, 34'), so that it can be housed in it.
The length of the wings is equal to that of the blocks (38, 38') and that of the bent
sections of the wings is somewhat shorter.
[0068] The part (40) becomes housed by the exterior of the two side sections, as can be
seen in Fig. 28, which illustrates approximately the cross section view through I-I
in Figs. 25 and 29. The insertion of the central portion (40) into the gap (46) is
checked, as well as the position of the wings with their bent sections (42, 43) on
the outer faces and the most distant walls (44, 45) of the blocks (38, 38'). With
the two assemblers arranged in this manner, and given that the portion (46) of these
assemblers is hollow, the parts (40) are then secured by means of strips (47, 48)
in the way shown or by any other method, all of which will also depend on the load
to be borne by the assembly and taking into account the requirements of the drive-in
type racking system, according to which the only support for the complete pallet is
established at the outer blocks (39, 39'), with all the stress of the load resting
upon the area where the two half-pallets meet.
[0069] As stated previously, the assemblers are usually metallic and their central portion
(41) is hollow, with which the complete pallet formed in this way has the highest
resistance capacity. However, for the appropriate purposes, it is pointed out that
these parts could also be made of wood, plastic, etc., and those that would be used
in these cases would be as shown marked by position (I) in Fig. 31.
[0070] The blocks (38, 38') can incorporate notches or rebates so as to make it easier for
the strip to pass through, and angle-beads can also be used to prevent them from becoming
deteriorated due to continuous use.
[0071] The insertion and securing of the assemblers can be carried out with the half-pallets
facing each other, either loaded or unloaded, so that depending on the load in question,
the necessary fixing required can be carried out, as well as the choice of the type
of assembler as regards the material of which it is made.
[0072] The complete pallet unit which is thus formed can be transported, stored, travel
along roller conveyors, etc. completely normally, while carrying the correspondig
load. At the end of these operations, and when the use of the half-pallet is necessary,
the strip can be cut with a knife or other tool and the two halves separated.
[0073] The separation is carried out while loaded, for which, and after cutting the strip,
one of the halves is pulled for istance with a fork-lift truck, using a sideward shifting
device, etc. so that it becomes separated from the other and ready for siting in the
place required. At the same time, the assemblers are removed and stored for later
use.
[0074] The assembly part (49) illustrated in Fig. 30 represents an assembly variant, according
to which there is a central portion (50) with a hollow interior (51) to be arranged
in the gap between the half-pallets, and two pairs of wings (52, 53) that protrude
out from both sides and which are parallel. In this case, these wings are without
bent ends and the assembly part is placed by moving the two half-pallets towards the
sides (47, 48), as indicated by (M), until the blocks (38, 38') make contact with
the walls (54, 55) of the central portion (50), while at the same time the blocks
(38, 38') are received between the wings.
[0075] Figure 33 shows a view, more precisely in the left (M) direction, of how the assembler
would become arranged with regard to a half-pallet, of which only one corner has been
illustrated. This half-pallet, represented here by its portions (35, 36, 37) has already
been housed in the rear portion of the assembler, which is prepared to receive the
other half-pallet between the wings (52, 53) in its front portion.
[0076] A side view of the union, such as that shown in Fig. 34, represents the ends of two
half-pallets, facing each other and with the assembler (50) housed in the gap between
the blocks (38, 38'), which in turn are controlled by the wings (52, 53) of the said
assembler. Fig. 35 also shows a side view of the assembler (50) close to a half-pallet,
on its right. This view corresponds to a side view of Fig. 33.
[0077] Fig. 32 represents an assembler (J), a variant of the one described, made of wood
and which logically has shorter wings than those of the assembler (50) due to the
different quality of the material.
[0078] These assemblers, both the metallic one (50) and the wooden one (J) mentioned, are
situated at the sides (G, G') of the half-pallets and, when necessary, also in the
middle (G'').
[0079] In Figs. 36 and 37 we can appreciate the other possibility offered by the invention
for joining together half-pallets by their ends (H) or with outer wings. We can observe
here the meeting of the two half-pallets with their top boards arranged crosswise
(35, 35'), the blocks (39, 39') facing each other and the inner blocks (38, 38') together
with the gaps (54, 54') formed between these blocks.
[0080] In this case, the assembly part is provided with two portions (56, 57) which are
inserted into the gaps (54, 54') as well as a central area (58) that connects both
portions (56, 57) and is the same length as the sum of the lengths of the two blocks
(39, 39'). The binding with strip and other features of this solution would be similar
to those in the case of the parts shown in Figs. 25 to 29.
[0081] These assemblers are inserted sideways into the two sides of the meeting point of
the two half-pallets. The complete pallet which is formed in this way is designed
for use in silo-type racking systems, in which the said pallet rests on its central
area.
1.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, characterized in that a modification of the surface
area of the pallet (1) is established, thanks to the provision of an assembler or
assembly piece (2) which, when connected to the said pallet, increases its usable
surface and in that the assembler or adapter can be withdrawn or removed from the
pallet for reuse in successive operations, based on two equal bodies which establish
a continuation of the upper or top surface of the pallet on facing sides, with these
bodies having projections (3) which jut out from their lower sides and become housed
inside the pallet through the gaps in its sides.
2.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that
it is composed of two equal bodies (4) that establish a continuation of the top surface
of the pallet on facing sides, with these two bodies each being provided with pairs
of L-shaped metal fittings (5) fixed to their upper surface and with their ends jutting
out towards the sides of the pallet and these ends being bent downwards and by means
of which they are fitted onto the longitudinal ends of the pallets.
3.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that
it is composed of one single body (6), greater in size than the pallet itself, and
which is situated onto its top surface, provided on the bottom side with longitudinal
ribs (7), which become housed in the also longitudinal gaps or recesses in the top
surface of the pallet.
4.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claims 1 and 3, characterized
in that the one single body (8) that covers the top surface of the pallet, is applied
to two pallets joined together (1', 1'') by their sides, with the particularity that
the single body is provided with lugs (9, 9') jutting out from its lower sides and
towards the sides of the pallets, with these lugs being situated on one side when
the pallets are joined together by their shorter sides and on two sides when the pallets
are joined together by their longer sides.
5.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 4, characterized in that
in order to join together two single pallets without an increase in the surface area
of the assembly, metal bars (11, 12) of variable length are used, provided with ends
in the shape of hooks, by means of which the single pallets are connected together.
6.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that
the crosswise projections are connected to the horizontal portion by means of hinges
(17), which allow them to be folded back when the adapter is not being used.
7.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that
another portion (19) is arranged parallel to the upper or top portion (18), thus increasing
the support of the unit on the ground.
8.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, applicable to half-pallets of the type known as
DUSSEL pallets, which are articulated based on units (D, E) with surface measurements
of 600 x 800 mm. and fitted with three U-shaped profiles (25, 26) arranged on each
800 mm. side, with two at the ends and one in the centre, with the outer bases of
these profiles also arranged towards the exterior of the pallet and flush with the
outer side surface, with it being these half-pallets which have to be joined together
by their 800 mm. sides in order to form a complete pallet measuring 1,200 x 800 mm.,
characterized in that the three bases of the U-shaped profiles (25) on one of the
800 mm. sides are provided with projections (32) that jut outwards and are finished
in prongs or catches (31) of a greater cross-section than that of the projections
themselves and situated a certain distance from the base of the profiles, whereas
the bases of the other three profiles (26), situated on the other 800 mm. side, are
provided with holes or slots (27) which each have a wider upper portion (29) and another
15 narrower lower portion (30), so that the upper portions of these slots allow the
prongs or catches on the projections of the other half-pallet to be inserted without
difficulty, with the projections themselves then being inserted into the lower portion
of the slots, allowing the said prongs or catches to be supported on the inner faces
of the U-shaped profiles on both sides of their above-mentioned lower portions.
9.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that
the projections on one side of the half-pallet are preferably cylindrical and approximately
equal in length to the thickness of the base of the U-shaped profiles, whereas the
prongs on the projections (31) are also cylindrical and of a greater diameter than
the projections themselves, with the upper ends of these prongs being flattened horizontally
and aligned with the projections, in order to make it easier for them to be inserted
into and withdrawn from the upper portion of the slots in the profiles of the other
half-pallet.
10.- An assembler-adater for pallets, in accordance with claim 8, characterized in that
the holes or slots cut in the U-shaped profiles have a circular-shaped upper portion
(29) and a vertical lower portion (30) starting from the lowest part of the upper
portion, with the lower portion being narrower than the width of the prongs on the
projections of the facing U-shaped profiles.
11.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, particularly for assembling together two half-pallets
in order to form a normal pallet, with these pallets usually being made of wood, and
the connection being carried out, depending on the case, by the longer sides of the
said half-pallets, either when these are arranged with their wings facing each other
or with their outer wings, which is characterized by:
- a part (40), usually provided with a hollow central portion (41) and open at its
ends, whose cross-section corresponds in dimensions to that of the space or gap formed
between the blocks (38, 38') of the two half-pallets facing each other with their
wings and the wings themselves, fitting into this gap, in that from at least one of
the longer faces of the said hollow central portion, pairs of wings of the same height
as the said portion jut outwards and extend over the outer faces of the blocks included
between the wings and nearer to their free ends, as well as also partially covering
the inner faces of these same blocks which are farthest from each other, which are
taken in between the wings, by means of bends (42, 43) at the ends of these wings,
in that the parts are secured to the half-pallets by strips or bands (47, 48) which
fasten them to the outer sides of the meeting point of the two half-pallets.
- a part (55) provided with two side portions (56, 57), usually hollow and open at
their ends, whose cross-sectional dimensions correspond to those of the gaps between
the blocks of the connected half-pallets, with their outer wings, with these portions
fitting into these gaps, in that the longer faces of one side of both hollow portions
is connected by another portion of the same height as the said portions and whose
length is equal to the total length of the facing blocks (39, 39') of the two half-pallets,
in that the parts are secured to the half-pallets by strips or bands which fasten
them to the outer sides of the meeting point of the two half-pallets.
12.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 11, characterized in that
the assembly parts used for connecting the half-pallets by their facing wings, with
their hollow central area open at its ends which fits into the space or gap between
the wings, have two pairs of wings (52, 53) jutting out from their longer sides, which
clasp the side faces of the blocks, with these parts fitting into the half-pallets
by their being moved towards each other onto the said parts.
13.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 12, characterized in that
two assembly parts are fitted, one at each end of the connection between the two half-pallets.
14.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 12, characterized in that
three assembly parts are fitted, two at the sides and one in the centre of the connection
area between the two half-pallets.
15.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claim 11, characterized in that
the bent sections at the ends of the wings of the assembly part are, preferably, shorter
than the central portion of these parts.
16.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claims 11 and 12, characterized
in that the central portions of the assembly parts, instead of being hollow, are solid.
17.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claims 11 and 12, characterized
in that the assembly parts are made of metal.
18.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claims 11 and 12, characterized
in that the assembly parts are made of plastic.
19.- An assembler-adapter for pallets, in accordance with claims 11 and 12, characterized
in that the assembly parts are made of wood.