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(11) | EP 0 735 954 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
A METHOD, AN APPARATUS AND A PROGRAM FOR PREPARING AND DISPENSING A MASS CONSISTING OF A PLURALITY OF BASIC COMPONENTS VERFAHREN, VORRICHTUNG UND PROGRAMM ZUM ZUBEREITEN UND AUSGEBEN EINER AUS EINER MEHRZAHL VON BASISKOMPONENTEN BESTEHENDEN MASSE PROCEDE, APPAREIL ET PROGRAMME DE PREPARATION ET DE DISTRIBUTION D'UNE MASSE COMPOSEE D'UNE PLURALITE DE CONSTITUANTS DE BASE |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0001] The invention lies in the field of preparing and dispensing in accordance with the wish of a user a liquid or pasty, coloured mass which consists of a plurality of basic components.
[0002] The re-use of masses is known, wherein containers with mass which can be designated as return mass are stored in a storage area. In the preparation of a new coloured mass an assessment is made on the basis of program control as to which return mass is suitable for re-use. Use is made for this purpose of so-called "numerical recalculation". It is further known to collect and classify by colour return masses and to determine the possible composition on the basis of spectrophotometry and to subsequently reprocess the relevant mass to a desired composition.
[0003] The object of the invention is to provide a method which also enables use of return masses in the preparation of new, coloured masses, wherein the returned masses can be re-used quickly, such that the generally limited storage life of these masses no longer represents an obstacle. In this respect the invention has the object that the speeds at which return masses can be collected and added during preparation are so high that an apparatus according to the invention can operate in line with a production installation and can even increase the preparation speed.
[0004] In order to realize this objective the invention provides the method according to claim 1. This method can be implemented with the apparatus according to claim 3. In a particular embodiment the method can comprise the steps according to claim 2.
[0005] The invention also relates to a control program according to claim 4 which forms part of the apparatus of claim 3 such that the apparatus performs the method according to claim 1. This control program is based on the flow diagram as according to the annexed figure 2.
[0006] The method according to the invention is based on the insight that it is often possible to use at least a part of returned masses to make new masses.
[0007] In accordance with the method proposed by the invention, all masses which are already prepared or will be prepared in the near future are analyzed wholly by means of software as to the basic components present therein and the ratio of these basic components. The number of possible combinations is very large, the number of possible ratios is even infinite. A limited number of combinations with permitted ratios between the composite basic components can be selected with the relevant analysis. The fact as to whether or not a ratio forms part of the selection can be predetermined on the basis of detectability criteria.
[0008] As an example of an application can be mentioned the preparation of ink for printing machines.
[0009] The starting point for preparing colours of practically any desired composition can be a plurality of ten to twenty basic components. Depending on the desired colour of the printing ink, use can be made of a suitable number of basic components in predetermined ratio. It is noted that for the sake of brevity no reference is made to additives such as thickening agents, water and possibly necessary chemicals which for instance provide the adhesion of the ink to the fabric or fibre material for printing.
[0010] Essential for the "management system" according to the invention is that each receiving container, which is later returned as the first container referred to in claim 1, is followed by the system, or is at least identifiable at any necessary moment. During preparation of the mass the composition thereof is established and linked inseparably to the relevant container in which the mass is prepared. This inseparable link can be established on the one hand by using containers with their own unique identification or alternatively through identification of the mass present in a container, for instance by using a photospectrometer. After the mass has been designated a remnant, the mass is recognized by the system on the basis of the container in which it is located. The control of the apparatus determines whether, and if so, to which collecting vessel the mass, given its composition, can be added. The mass is subsequently is added to this collected mass. The weight of the added mass is measured so that the new composition of the collected mass can also be calculated.
[0011] In the preparation of the new masses an assessment is made on the basis of the program in the control means as to which basic components are present therein and whether this combination also occurs in one or more of the collected masses. Should this be the case, it is then determined with the above mentioned numerical recalculation from which collected mass the largest quantity can be added during preparation. If necessary the relevant collected mass is first homogenized, whereafter as much of the collected mass is dosed such that one of the basic components is already present in the maximum quantity. The other pure basic components are then admixed until the mass has the desired composition. This composition is then inseparably linked again to the relevant container.
[0012] The use of containers with their own unique identification has the advantage that no complicated software is necessary to permanently follow the progress of a container. This also avoids loss of identification in the case of malfunction. It will be apparent that it is greatly to be recommended that each container carries its own identification device such as a strip code, a dot code, a transponder or any other suitable device.
[0013] An important objective of the invention is the re-use of masses which must be deemed remnants and which can no longer, or only with the greatest difficulty and inherent inaccuracy, be decomposed into the composite basic components. Many masses have in addition a limited storage life, or the quantities in which they are prepared are such that known reprocessing methods are not applicable.
[0014] Masses are used which are composed of basic components, wherein preparation of these masses is controlled from the location where the masses are used, for instance a printing machine. After homogenizing the mass can no longer be decomposed into the basic components.
[0015] The storage life of the masses is generally short, so that it is not possible to wait for re-use until a mass with the same composition is once again required. The requisite speeds at which masses are prepared are too high to re-use the remnant or return masses per container by means of numerical recalculation. A known instrument as a spectrophotometer is not necessary according to the invention. Such instruments are in any case relatively expensive, time-consuming and inaccurate.
[0016] According to the invention all masses which are prepared or will be prepared in the near future are analyzed on a software basis as to the basic components present therein. The number of possible combinations of basic components present is very large. With the relevant analysis a limited number of combinations can be selected which are returned and prepared. The selected combinations change over a period of time, this as a result of changes in pattern.
[0017] The composition of any produced mass is recorded by a central control unit. The receiving container is also provided with its own identification device, so that at any desired moment can be determined which container is situated at which location. The central control unit contains the necessary data relating to the composition of the mass present in the relevant container.
[0018] After a mass has been designated as remnant, the mass is recognized by the system by means of the identification device carried by the container. Thereafter is determined whether the combination of the basic components present therein forms part of for instance a much used combination. If this is the case the remnant or return mass is added to other remnants in which the same combinations occur. On the basis of the above stated numerical recalculation the composition of the mass which results from these mixings is in each case determined and stored in the memory. It will be apparent that the system also remembers in which container or containers the relevant mass is located.
[0019] In the preparation of new masses a program-based assessment is made as to which basic components are present therein and whether these combinations also occur in any of the collected masses. Should this be the case, the collected mass is then homogenized and precisely as much of the collected mass is dosed that one of the basic components is already present in the maximum available quantity. The other pure basic components are admixed until the mass has the desired composition. The produced mass is coded again so that the return remnants thereof can be identified again and deployed for re-use.
[0020] The system according to the invention provides the option of a fully automatic preparation of mixtures of basic components with a very high degree of re-use of return masses.
[0021] Attention is drawn to the fact that although the system according to the invention focusses on full automation, the method can if desired also be performed manually or in other manner.
[0022] The invention will be elucidated with reference to the annexed figures. Herein:
figure 1 shows a diagram of the invention;
figure 2 shows a flow diagram which can form the basis of the program control of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention;
figure 3 shows a possible arrangement in block diagram form;
figure 4 shows a highly schematic top view of an apparatus according to the invention;
figure 5 is a highly schematic top view of another embodiment;
figure 6 is a highly schematic top view of a part of an alternative; and
figure 7 shows a highly schematic perspective view of a part of an apparatus according to the invention.
[0023] Figure 1 shows a total system, wherein the system according to the invention is designated with block 1.
[0024] Figure 2 shows a flow diagram of a program which controls an apparatus according to the invention for performing the method according to the invention.
[0025] The program is built up as follows:
A. Analysis of possible basic component combinations at the choice of the user. Resulting from this analysis is a list of all combinations which are produced or will be produced in the future. The produced quantity and/or frequency of use per combination can also be displayed.
B. The generation of a quantity of return masses. On the basis of actually measured quantities of return mass or on the basis of the average quantity of return mass per prepared mass the quantity of return mass and the composition thereof per combination is determined over a period of time.
C. The generation of a usable quantity of return mass. Herein is simulated that the return masses are also actually collected and are thus also available for delivery. It is determined per preparation performed in the relevant time period, given the quantity of produced mass, how much hereof can be prepared from the available generated return mass. The relevant time period is the same as that of the simulation of the collection.
D. Various operations result in a list with basic component combinations, wherein
the quantity of mass which can be made or could have been made from the return masses
per combination is known as a percentage of the total mass.
The above stated four stages are deemed essential. The following two stages are possible
refinements or options.
E. The following step is a refinement of the mixing of basic component combinations.
A combination consisting of the components A and B can be added during collection
to the components A, B and C. For all possible mixtures the program calculates what
the effect thereof is on the total re-used quantity of return mass, given a fixed
number of permitted basic component combinations. The combination is only selected
in the case of an increase.
F. A final refining step is the dividing of basic component combinations. A combination which on average consists of x% A, y% B and z% C is divided into a combination of A, B and C, in which the percentage A is smaller than x/2 (or another fraction), and a combination A, B and C, in which the percentage A is greater than x/2 (or the said other fraction). The effects hereof on the total re-used quantity are calculated. This is done for each basic component within the combination. If, as a result of the division, given a fixed number of allowed combinations, more mass can be re-used, the division with the greatest positive effect is then added.
[0027] Figure 3 shows by way of example a possible arrangement. Attention is drawn to the fact that the spectrophotometer according to the invention included in the block diagram of figure 3 is not an essential measuring instrument, but can if desired be used for performing a rough, for instance random, check.
[0028] Figure 4 shows an apparatus 2 according to the invention. Containers 3 are fed via a conveyor belt 4 to a weighing and emptying station 5. Making use of a so-called traversing carriage 6 which is guided over rails 7, the containers 3 can be transported to and from a vertical vessel washer, a push-out member 7, a cover washer 8, a cover placer 9, a colour checking station 10, a mixer 11, a collecting station 12, 13 for vessels. A washing station 15 is placed along a conveyor belt 14 which connects onto the unit 5.
[0029] Figure 5 shows an example of a printing device. A turntable or rearranging platform 16 transports vessels 17 to and from pick and place units which are all designated 18 for the sake of convenience. Designated 19 are suction and scraping stations for containers. In a weighing station 20 the containers are weighed to determine the weight of the mass present therein. Through reading of the identification device present on each container by means of a reader 21 the relevant container can be specified unambiguously. The coding which is read by the reader is supplied as address to the memory of a central processor unit (not drawn) which thereby has available sufficient information to be able to apply the relevant masses directly or for re-use. Designated schematically are conveyors 22, 23 which can feed the respective containers to printing machines 24, 25.
[0030] Figure 6 shows an arrangement with a conveyor belt 26 for containers 27. Three pick and place units are grouped round a turntable 28. Mixing units are designated with 29. The reference numeral 30 refers to a dosing unit.
[0031] Finally, figure 7 shows a conveyor 31 which transports vessels 32 to respective dosing stations 32, 33, 34 under the control of a central control unit. Each dosing station comprises a cover 35 with a suction line 36 for supplying printing ink to an associated printing station 37, 38, 39 respectively.
(1) providing a number of first containers which are each at least partially filled with a liquid or pasty return mass consisting of one or more basic components, the ratio of the composite basic components of which mass is known;
(2) determining the quantity, for instance the weight, of the mass in each first container;
(3) determining the individual quantity of each basic component in each first container on the basis of the data known according to step (1) and the result of the determination according to step (2);
(4) providing a number of second containers which are each at least partially filled with a liquid or pasty mass consisting of one basic component;
(5) optionally determining the quantity of mass in each second container;
(6) determining a desired quantity of liquid or pasty mass consisting of at least one basic component, the ratio of the composite basic components of which mass is known;
(7) removing mass from either at least one first container or from at least one first and at least one second container and pouring mass into a receiving container on the basis of the results of steps (2), (3) and (5) such that making use of the greatest possible quantity of mass from the first containers this quantity or quantities of basic component(s) is/are poured into the receiving container which provide therein the quantity of mass with the desired ratio of the composite basic components desired according to step (6); and
(8) optionally mixing together or otherwise homogenizing the mass in the receiving container.
(1) providing a number of first containers which are each at least partially filled with a liquid or pasty coloured return mass consisting of one or more basic components, the ratio of the composite basic components of which mass is known;
(2) providing a second container which is optionally at least partially filled with a liquid or pasty coloured mass consisting of one or more basic components, whereof the individual quantity of each of the composite basic components is known,
(3) emptying the first containers one by one into the second container, wherein on the basis of a determined increase in the weight thereof the quantity of added mass is determined,
(4) determining the added individual quantity of each basic component in the second container according to step (2) on the basis of the data relating to the composition known according to (1) and the added quantity known from step (3);
(5) determining the actual individual quantities in the second container on the basis of the individual quantities according to step (2) and according to step (4); and
(6) optionally mixing together or otherwise homogenizing the mass in the second container.
(1) first supply means for supplying and if necessary making accessible first containers which are each at least partially filled with a liquid or pasty return mass consisting of one or more basic components, the ratio of the composite basic components of which mass is known;
(2) first determining means for determining the quantity, for instance the weight, of the mass in each first container;
(3) second determining means for determining the individual quantity of each basic component in each first container on the basis of the quantities and ratios stated under (1) in addition to the result of the determination stated under (2);
(4) second supply means for supplying and/or making accessible a number of second containers which are each at least partially filled with a liquid or pasty mass consisting of one basic component;
(5) optional third determining means for determining the quantity of mass in each second container;
(6) memory means with data input means for storing data relating to a desired quantity of liquid or pasty mass consisting of at least one basic component as well as the ratio of the composite basic components; and
(7) control means driven by a program which are connected for receiving information to the outputs of the first determining means, the second determining means and the optionally present third determining means for removing mass from either at least one first container or from at least one first and at least one second container and pouring mass into a receiving container such that making use of the greatest possible quantity of mass from the first containers this quantity or quantities of basic component(s) is/are poured into the receiving container which provide therein the quantity of mass with the desired ratio of the composite basic components desired according to step (6); and
(8) optional homogenizing means for homogenizing, for instance by mixing together, the mass in the receiving container.
(1) Bereitstellen einer Anzahl von ersten Behältern, die jeweils mindestens zum Teil mit einer flüssigen oder pastösen Rücklaufmasse gefüllt sind, die aus einer oder mehreren Basiskomponenten bestehen, wobei das Verhältnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten der Masse bekannt ist;
(2) Bestimmen der Menge, z.B. des Gewichtes, der Masse in jedem ersten Behälter;
(3) Bestimmen der Einzelmenge jeder Basiskomponente in jedem ersten Behälter auf der Basis der aus Schritt (1) bekannten Daten und des Ergebnisses der Bestimmung gemäß Schritt (2);
(4) Bereitstellen einer Anzahl von zweiten Behältern, die jeweils mindestens zum Teil mit einer flüssigen oder pastösen Masse gefüllt sind, die aus einer Basiskomponente besteht;
(5) ggf. Bestimmen der Menge der Masse in jedem zweiten Behälter;
(6) Bestimmen einer gewünschten Menge von flüssiger oder pastöser Masse, die aus mindestens einer Basiskomponente besteht, wobei das Verhaltnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten der Masse bekannt ist;
(7) Entnehmen von Masse entweder aus mindestens einem ersten Behälter oder aus mindestens einem ersten und mindestens einem zweiten Behälter und Einfüllen der Masse in einen Aufnahmebehälter auf der Basis der Ergebnisse der Schritte 2, 3 und 5 derart, daß unter Ausnutzung der größtmöglichen Menge von Masse aus den ersten Behältern diejenige Menge oder Mengen von Basiskomponenten in den Aufnahmebehälter gefüllt werden, die dort die Menge von Masse mit dem gemäß Schritt (6) gewünschten Verhältnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten bildet; und (8) ggf. Vermischen oder anderweitig Homogenisieren der Masse in dem Aufnahmebehälter.
(1) Bereitstellen einer Anzahl von ersten Behältern, die jeweils mindestens zum Teil mit einer flüssigen oder pastösen farbigen Rücklaufmasse gefüllt sind, die aus einer oder mehreren Basiskomponenten besteht, wobei das Verhältnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten der Masse bekannt ist;
(2) Bereitstellen eines zweiten Behälters, der wahlweise mindestens teilweise mit einer flüssigen oder pastösen farbigen Masse gefüllt ist, die aus einer oder mehreren Basiskomponenten besteht, wobei die Einzelmenge jeder der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten bekannt ist;
(3) Entleeren der ersten Behälter nacheinander in den zweiten Behälter, wobei auf der Basis einer Bestimmung der Gewichtszunahme desselben die Menge der hinzugefügten Masse bestimmt wird;
(4) Bestimmen der hinzugefügten Einzelmenge jeder Basiskomponente in dem zweiten Behälter gemäß Schritt (2) auf der Basis der Daten, die sich auf die bekannte Zusammensetzung gemäß (1) und auf die aus Schritt (3) bekannte hinzugefügte Menge beziehen;
(5) Bestimmen der tatsächlichen Einzelmengen in dem zweiten Behälter auf der Basis der Einzelmengen gemäß Schritt (2) und gemäß Schritt (4); und
(6) ggf. Vermischen oder anderweitig homogenisieren der Masse in dem zweiten Behälter.
(1) erste Zuführmittel zum Zuführen und, falls erforderlich, zugänglich machen von ersten Behältern, von denen jeder mindestens teilweise mit einer flüssigen oder pastösen Rücklaufmasse gefüllt ist, die aus einer oder mehreren Basiskomponenten besteht, wobei das Verhältnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten der Masse bekannt ist;
(2) erste Bestimmungsmittel zum Bestimmen der Menge, z.B. des Gewichts, der Masse in jedem ersten Behälter;
(3) zweite Bestimmungsmittel zum Bestimmen der Einzelmenge jeder Basiskomponente in jedem ersten Behälter auf der Basis der unter (1) genannten Mengen und Verhältnisse und des Ergebnisses der Bestimmung gemäß (2);
(4) zweite Zuführmittel zum Zuführen und/oder Zugänglichmachen einer Anzahl von zweiten Behältern, von denen jeder mindestens teilweise mit einer flüssigen oder pastösen Masse gefüllt ist, die aus einer Basiskomponente besteht;
(5) ggf. dritte Bestimmungsmittel zum Bestimmen der Menge der Masse in jedem zweiten Behälter;
(6) Speichermittel mit Dateneingangsmitteln zum Speichern von Daten, die sich auf eine gewünschte Menge von flüssiger oder pastöser Masse, die aus mindestens einer Basiskomponente besteht, und auf das Verhältnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten beziehen; und
(7) programmgesteuerte Steuermittel, die für den Empfang von Information von den Ausgängen der ersten Bestimmungsmittel, der zweiten Bestimmungsmittel und der ggf. vorhandenen dritten Bestimmungsmittel geschaltet sind zur Entnahme von Masse entweder aus mindestens einem ersten Behälter oder aus mindestens einem ersten und mindestens einem zweiten Behälter und zum Einfüllen von Masse in einen Aufnahmebehälter derart, daß unter Verwendung der größtmöglichen Menge von Masse aus den ersten Behältern diejenige Menge oder Mengen von Basiskomponenten in den Aufnahmebehälter gefüllt werden, die dort die gemäß Schritt 6 erwünschte Menge von Masse mit dem gewünschten Verhältnis der zusammengesetzten Basiskomponenten ergeben; und
(8) ggf. Homogenisierungsmittel zum Homogenisieren, zum Beispiel Vermischen, der Masse in dem Aufnahmebehälter.
bei dem das die Steuereinrichtung steuernde Programm dem in Fig. 2 der Zeichnungen gezeigten Programm entspricht.
(1) prévoir un nombre de premiers récipients qui sont remplis chacun au moins partiellement par une masse de retour liquide ou pâteuse constituée par un ou plusieurs constituants de base, le rapport des constituants de base composites de cette masse étant connu ;
(2) déterminer la quantité, par exemple le poids, de la masse dans chaque premier récipient ;
(3) déterminer la quantité individuelle de chaque constituant de base dans chaque premier récipient sur la base des données connues conformément à l'étape (1) sur la base de la détermination conformément à l'étape (2) ;
(4) prévoir un nombre de seconds récipients qui sont remplis chacun au moins partiellement par une masse liquide ou pâteuse constituée par un constituant de base ;
(5) facultativement déterminer la quantité de masse dans chaque second récipient ;
(6) déterminer une quantité désirée de masse liquide ou pâteuse constituée par au moins un constituant de base, le rapport des constituants de base composites de cette masse étant connu ;
(7) retirer la masse d'au moins un premier récipient ou d'au moins un premier récipient et d'au moins un second récipient et introduire la masse dans un récipient de logement sur la base des résultats des étapes (2), (3) et (5) de telle sorte qu'en utilisant la quantité maximale possible de masse provenant des premiers récipients, on introduit cette quantité ou ces quantités d'un ou de constituant(s) de base dans le récipient de logement, ces quantités fournissant dans ce récipient la quantité de masse avec le rapport désiré des constituants de base composites désirés conformément à l'étape (6) ; et
(8) facultativement mélanger ou homogénéiser d'une autre manière la masse dans le récipient de logement.
(1) prévoir un nombre de premiers récipients qui sont remplis chacun au moins partiellement par une masse de retour colorée liquide ou pâteuse constituée par un ou plusieurs constituants de base, le rapport des constituants de base composites de cette masse étant connu ;
(2) prévoir un second récipient qui est rempli facultativement au moins partiellement par une masse colorée liquide ou pâteuse constituée par un ou plusieurs constituants de base, la quantité individuelle de chacun des constituants de base composites étant connue ;
(3) vider les premiers récipients un par un dans le second récipient, la quantité de masse ajoutée étant déterminée sur la base d'un accroissement déterminé du poids de ce récipient ;
(4) déterminer la quantité individuelle ajoutée de chaque constituant de base dans le second récipient conformément à l'étape (2) sur la base des données concernant la composition connue selon (1) et de la quantité ajoutée connue d'après l'étape (3) ;
(5) déterminer les quantités individuelles réelles dans le second récipient sur la base des quantités individuelles conformément à l'étape (2) et conformément à l'étape (4 ; et
(6) facultativement mélanger ou homogénéiser d'une autre manière la masse dans le second récipient.
(1) des premiers moyens d'alimentation pour alimenter et, si cela est nécessaire, rendre accessibles des premiers récipients, qui sont remplis chacun au moins partiellement par une masse de retour liquide ou pâteuse constituée par un ou plusieurs constituants de base, le rapport des constituants de base composites de cette masse étant connu ;
(2) des premiers moyens de détermination pour déterminer la quantité, par exemple le poids, de la masse dans chaque premier récipient ;
(3) des seconds moyens de détermination pour déterminer la quantité individuelle de chaque constituant de base dans chaque premier récipient sur la base des données connues selon l'étape (1) sur la base de la détermination conformément à l'étape (2) ;
(4) des seconds moyens d'alimentation pour alimenter et/ou rendre accessibles un certain nombre de récipients qui sont remplis chacun au moins partiellement par une masse liquide ou pâteuse constituée par un constituant de base ;
(5) des troisièmes moyens facultatifs de détermination pour déterminer la quantité de masse dans chaque second récipient ;
(6) des moyens de mémoire comportant des moyens d'entrée de données pour mémoriser des données d'entrée concernant une quantité désirée de masse liquide ou pâteuse constituée par au moins un constituant de base, ainsi que le rapport des constituants de base composites ; et
(7) des moyens de commande activés par un programme et qui sont connectés de manière à recevoir une information envoyée aux sorties des premiers moyens de détermination, des seconds moyens de détermination et des troisièmes moyens de détermination, qui sont facultativement présents, pour retirer une masse d'au moins un premier récipient ou d'au moins un premier récipient et d'au moins un second récipient et introduire la masse dans un récipient de logement de telle sorte qu'en utilisant la quantité maximale possible de masse des premiers récipients, cette quantité ou ces quantités de constituant(s) de base est/sont introduites dans le récipient de logement, ces quantités fournissant dans ce récipient la quantité de masse avec le rapport désiré des constituants de base composites désiré conformément à l'étape (6) ; et
(8) des moyens optionnels d'homogénéisation pour homogénéiser, par exemple par mélange, la masse dans le récipient de logement.