Technical Field:
[0001] The present invention relates to an electric lock cylinder to be set to a lock.
Background Art:
[0002] A locking device comprises a key and a lock. An electric locking device superior
in crime-preventive performance has spread in recent years. In the case of this type
of electric locking device, an electric lock cylinder is connected to a lock's locking/unlocking
mechanism. An electronic circuit for discriminating among electronic keys is set in
the cylinder. Therefore, a locking or unlocking operation can be performed by inserting
a proper electronic key into the cylinder.
[0003] A conventional electric locking device using this type of cylinder is disclosed in,
for example, the official gazette of Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 6-138001.
In the case of this prior art, a lock cylinder comprises an outer cylinder set to
a lock, an inner cylinder rotatably set to the outer cylinder and connected to a locking/unlocking
mechanism of a lock, a pin for preventing the inner cylinder from rotating in the
outer cylinder, and electric driving means for removing the pin from the inner cylinder
by driving the pin only when a proper key is inserted into the inner cylinder and
thereby allowing the inner cylinder to freely rotate. In the case of this structure,
by inserting the proper key into the key seat of the inner cylinder, the pin is removed
from the inner cylinder. Then, by rotating the key, it is possible to perform a locking
or unlocking operation.
[0004] In the case of the conventional electric cylinder, however, it is possible to break
the pin and perform locking by inserting a hard piece of metal (e.g. screw driver)
into the inner cylinder key seat and forcibly rotating the inner cylinder. Therefore,
there is a safety problem.
[0005] Moreover, in the case of an electric cylinder to which electric power is supplied
from a battery, it is desirable to minimize the pin driving power consumption in order
to maintain battery life. However, it has so far been difficult to decrease the power
consumption while securing exact pin operations.
[0006] Moreover, a complex mechanical combinational relationship, as seen in the relationship
between a key and a lock of a mechanical cylinder locking device, is not at all present
between an electronic key and an electric cylinder of a conventional electric locking
device as seen in the . In the case of a conventional electric cylinder, it is possible
to remove an electronic key from an inner cylinder key seat, regardless of the inner
cylinder's present rotational position. Therefore, there is a problem that pin operations
cannot be secured when the rotational positional relationship between inner and outer
cylinders is brought under an improper state. That is, the key is frequently removed
from or inserted into the key seat when the positional relationship between the pin
and the pin hole is improper. In the case of a locking/unlocking mechanism connected
to an inner cylinder, a rotational position where the operations of the pin can be
performed is determined and therefore, the ease of operation is greatly compromised
because it is necessary to search a position where the locking/unlocking operation
can be performed by first inserting an electronic key into the mechanism and thereafter
rotating the key when a state in which an improper relationship between the pin and
the pin hole occurs.
Disclosure of the Invention:
[0007] The present invention is made to solve the above conventional problems and its object
is to provide an electric lock cylinder superior in crime preventive performance and
with a high reliability.
[0008] Moreover, it is another object of the present invention to provide an electric lock
cylinder capable of securely operating a connecting pin and decreasing the power consumption.
[0009] Furthermore, it is still another object of the present invention to provide an electric
lock cylinder capable of maintaining the advance state of a connecting pin and also
retracting the connecting pin without electric power.
[0010] Furthermore, it is still another object of the present invention to provide an electric
lock cylinder in which key operations (insertion and extraction of a key) can be used
for control of a connecting pin.
[0011] Furthermore, it is still another object of the present invention to provide an electric
lock cylinder superior in operability in which a key can be inserted and extracted
only while an inner cylinder is present at a proper rotational position.
[0012] To achieve the above objects, the present invention uses a lock cylinder set to a
lock, comprising an outer cylinder, a first inner cylinder which is rotatably set
in the outer cylinder and into which a key is inserted; a second inner cylinder which
is rotatably set in the outer cylinder and connected to a locking/unlocking mechanism
of the lock; a connecting pin which is movably held by the first inner cylinder and
connects the first inner cylinder with the second inner cylinder when the pin advances;
and a connecting-pin control mechanism which advances the connecting pin when a proper
key is inserted, holds the advance state of the connecting pin, and retreats the connecting
pin when the key is extracted.
[0013] In the case of the above structure, the outer cylinder corresponds to a housing of
the lock cylinder. The first inner cylinder having a key seat into which a key is
inserted and the second inner cylinder connected to the locking/unlocking mechanism
are rotatably set in the outer cylinder. The first inner cylinder is connected with
the second inner cylinder by the connecting pin. It is preferable that the second
inner cylinder has a opening into which the front end of the connecting pin is inserted.
[0014] By rotating the first inner cylinder while the two inner cylinders are connected,
the second inner cylinder rotates together with the first inner cylinder, thereby
performing locking or unlocking. While the connecting pin retreats, the first inner
cylinder is idle even if it is rotated while the second inner cylinder is not.
[0015] The advance and retreat of the connecting pin are controlled by the connecting-pin
control mechanism. The connecting-pin control mechanism is provided with a first function
for advancing the connecting pin (advance control function), a second function for
mechanically holding the advance state (latch function), and a third function for
retreating the connecting pin (retreat control function).
[0016] It is advantageous from the viewpoint of torque to make the advance/retreat direction
of the connecting pin perpendicular to the rotation-axis direction of the first and
second inner cylinders. On the other hand, by making the advance/retreat direction
of the connecting pin parallel with the rotation-axis direction of the first and second
inner cylinders, key inserting/extracting motion can be directly transferred to the
connecting pin, that is, the mechanism for transferring the driving force can be simplified.
[0017] A suitable aspect of the present invention further includes a key discrimination
circuit for detecting the inserted key and outputting a driving signal when it decides
that the key is proper. In the case of the above structure, it is preferable that
the key discrimination circuit comprises an electronic circuit and decides whether
an inserted electronic key is proper by transferring data between the circuit and
the key.
[0018] In the case of the suitable aspect of the present invention, the connecting-pin control
mechanism comprises an energizing member for always applying a retreat force to the
connecting pin, a protrusion is set to the connecting pin, a cam plate serving as
a rotary plate which contacts the protrusion, drops the protrusion to a retreat stabilized
position when the plate is tilted and holds the protrusion at an advance stabilized
position when it rises, and an actuator for generating a driving force for raising
the tilted cam plate by receiving the driving signal.
[0019] In the case of the above structure the energizing member applies, an energizing force
to the connecting pin in the retreat direction. Therefore, the connecting pin is normally
present at the most retreated position (retreat stabilized position) and, even if
the first inner cylinder rotates, it merely idles because the rotation of the first
inner cylinder is not transferred to the second inner cylinder. In this case, it is
preferable that the energizing member be a blade spring, one end fixed, and the protrusion
be pressed in the retreat direction by the other end of the spring. It is preferable
that the protrusion comprises a stud provided with a rotatable roller.
[0020] The cam plate serving as a rotary plate has an important role for realizing the above
three functions. When the cam plate is tilted, the protrusion contacting the cam plate
(and the connecting pin provided with the protrusion) is present at the most retreated
position. By operating the actuator to change the attitude of the cam plate from the
tilted state to a raised state, the protrusion advances in accordance with the attitude
change and the front end of the connecting pin fits into the second inner cylinder.
In this case, the force for advancing the protrusion (in other words, the rotational
force of the cam plate) must be larger than the retreat energizing force by the energizing
member. When the cam plate completely rises, the protrusion is latched by the cam
plate and a stabilized state (advance stabilized state) is realized. Thereafter, even
if stopping feed of the driving force to the cam plate, two inner cylinders are continuously
connected without natural retreat of the connecting-pin.
[0021] In the case of the suitable aspect of the present invention, the cam plate has a
slope on which the protrusion rolls and a recess formed at a position where the protrusion
mounts the slope to latch the protrusion. Moreover, in the case of the suitable aspect
of the present invention, the connecting-pin control mechanism further includes a
magnet for maintaining the tilted state of the cam plate.
[0022] That is, to realize an advance stabilized state, it is necessary to keep the cam
plate raised by using electrical, mechanical, and magnetic actions. To latch the cam
plate, it is preferable to form a recess to which the protrusion drops at the top
of the cam plate or use the magnetic force of the magnet. It is thereby possible to
save electrical power.
[0023] In the case of the suitable aspect of the present invention, the cam plate is formed
with an elliptic or droplet-shaped plate with its rotation axis set to a position
deviated from the center as a whole and the recess is formed on the top of the plate.
[0024] In the case of the suitable aspect of the present invention, the connecting-pin control
mechanism further includes accumulation means for accumulating the key insertion force
and a latched-state resetting mechanism for tilting the raised cam plate by using
the accumulation force of the accumulation means when the key is extracted.
[0025] In the above structure, when a key is inserted into the key seat of the first inner
cylinder, some or the whole of the insertion force is accumulated in the accumulation
means. When the key is extracted from the key seat, the raised cam plate is tilted
because the accumulated force is used by the latched-state resetting mechanism. That
is, the latched state is forcibly reset.
[0026] In the case of the suitable aspect of the present invention, the latched-state resetting
mechanism includes an arm for tilting the cam plate and a key interlocking mechanism
for converting the inserting motion of the key into the retreating motion of the arm
when the key is inserted and the extracting motion of the key into the tilting motion
of the arm by using the accumulated force when the key is extracted.
[0027] According to the above structure, it is possible to decrease the force for advancing
the connecting pin because the arm retreats from the cam plate when the key is inserted.
Thereby, electric power can be saved and the actuator can be downsized. Moreover,
because the arm can be driven using the accumulated force when extracting the key,
electrical power can also be saved.
[0028] In the case of the suitable aspect of the present invention, the connecting-pin control
mechanism includes an actuator to which the driving signal is supplied to generate
a driving force for advancing the connecting pin and a key interlocking mechanism
for allowing the connecting pin to advance when the key is inserted and for retreating
the connecting pin by transferring the key extracting motion to the connecting pin
when the key is extracted.
[0029] In the above structure, the connecting pin is allowed to advance by the key interlocking
mechanism and the connecting pin is advanced by the actuator when the key is inserted.
Moreover, when the key is extracted, the key extracting force is transferred to the
connecting pin by the key interlocking mechanism and the connecting pin is forcibly
retreated.
[0030] The suitable aspect of the present invention further includes key guide means for
allowing insertion of the electronic key only when the second inner cylinder is present
at a predetermined rotational position. It is preferable that the key guide means
comprise a cap member having a predetermined key seat.
[0031] The suitable aspect of the present invention further includes a power supply section
for receiving electric power from an inserted key.
Brief Description of the Drawings:
[0032]
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a lock cylinder of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a front view of an electronic key;
Figure 3 is a top view of an electronic key;
Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the key guide means of a lock cylinder;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary actuator;
Figure 6 is an A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;
Figure 7 is an illustration for explaining actions of a cam plate;
Figure 8 is an illustration showing a lock cylinder set to a lock;
Figure 9 is an enlarged view of a sleeve with a lead;
Figure 10 is a block diagram showing the structure of a control circuit;
Figure 11 is an illustration showing latch means using a magnet;
Figure 12 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the lock cylinder of the
present invention;
Figure 13 is an illustration showing a local structure of latched-state resetting
mechanism;
Figure 14 is an illustration showing another key guide means; and
Figure 15 is an illustration showing still another key guide means.
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention:
[0033] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a lock cylinder of the present invention. A lock
cylinder 1 includes a cylindrical outer cylinder 10 secured to a lock and a first
inner cylinder 14 (first rotational member) and a cylindrical second inner cylinder
16 (second rotational member) rotatably supported by the inner periphery 12 of the
outer cylinder 10. A very small gap exists between the inner periphery 12 of the outer
cylinder 10 and the outer periphery of the first inner cylinder 14 and second inner
cylinder 16 and grease is injected into the gap. Thereby, entrance of water drops
and dust through the gap it is effectively prevented.
[0034] A panel portion 22 is integrally formed at an end of the first inner cylinder 14
and a key seat 20 into which an electronic key 18 is inserted is formed on the panel
portion 22. A cap member 30 covers one end of the outer cylinder 10. The margin 24
of the panel portion 22 is put between the outer end 26 of the outer cylinder 10 and
the back of the cap member 30. Thereby, movement of the first inner cylinder 14 in
the rotation-axis direction is restricted, though the inner cylinder 14 can freely
rotate.
[0035] The second inner cylinder 16 is formed as a bottomed cylinder in the case of this
embodiment. The second inner cylinder 16 is put between an inward flange, 40A provided
on the other end 40 of the outer cylinder 10, and an end of the first inner cylinder
14 and housed in the outer cylinder 10. Therefore, movement of the second inner cylinder
16 in the rotation-axis direction is restricted, though the inner cylinder 16 can
freely rotate the same as the first inner cylinder 14.
[0036] In Figs. 2 and 3, in the case of this embodiment the electronic key 18 is formed
like a plate and a small battery B and a signal generation circuit SC to be operated
by receiving electric power from the battery B are set in the holding portion 18A
of the key 18. The signal generation circuit SC outputs a code inherent in the electronic
key. A code signal output from the signal generation circuit SC is supplied to a transmitting
coil TC set in the inserting portion 18B of the key 18 and a transmission signal is
emitted from the transmitting coil TC. This is a known structure (for example, see
Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 62-280083.
[0037] In Fig. 4, the key seat 20 is formed on the panel portion 22. The key seat 20 is
a slit-like groove fitted to the shape of the inserting portion 18B of the electronic
key 18. When the electronic key 18 is completely inserted into the key seat 20, the
electronic key 18 rotates integrally with the inner cylinder 14 and the rotational
positional relationship between them does not deviate. Moreover, a key seat 42 serving
as key guide means is formed on the cap member 30. Only when the rotation angle of
the key seat 42 coincides with that of the key seat 20, the electronic key 18 can
be inserted into the key seats.
[0038] In the case of this embodiment, a protrusion 18C is formed on the inserting portion
18B of the electronic key 18 (see Fig. 2) and the key seat 42 comprises a hole 42A
having a diameter equal to the width W of the front end of the inserting portion 18B
and a nick 42B having a length equal to the height H of the protrusion 18C and a width
allowing passage of the protrusion 18C. In the case of the electronic key 18, a gap
portion 18D is formed between the holding portion 18A and the protrusion 18C and the
thickness of the portion 18D is slightly larger than the thickness T (see Fig. 1)
of the cap member 30 and the length of the portion 18D is G.
[0039] Therefore, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the protrusion 18C can pass through the key
seat 42 only when the first inner cylinder 14 is present at a predetermined rotational
position (rotational position where the key seat 20 coincides with the key seat 42),
that is, only when the inner cylinder 14 is present at the rotational position shown
by the continuous line in Fig. 4. Therefore, only when the first inner cylinder 14
is at a predetermined rotational position to the outer cylinder 10, is it possible
to insert the electronic key 18 into the key seat 20 or extract the electronic key
18 from the key seat 20.
[0040] When the electronic key 18 is inserted until the shoulder portion 18E of the holding
portion 18A contacts the cap member 30, the protrusion 18C is located inside the cap
member 30 (see Fig. 1). Therefore, the first inner cylinder 14 can be rotated by the
electronic key 18 because the cap member 30 does not interrupt the rotation of the
electronic key 18. As shown in Fig. 4, however, when the first inner cylinder 14 is
present at a position deviating from the position shown by the continuous line, or
when the inner cylinder 14 is present at the position shown by the two-dot chain line,
it is impossible to insert or extract the electronic key 18 through the key seat 42
because the protrusion 18C of the electronic key 18 is caught by the back of the cap
member 30. As a result, the electronic key 18 is inevitably inserted or extracted
only at a position where the position of the nick 42B coincides with the key seat
20 and the relative positional relation between the first inner cylinder 14 and the
outer cylinder 10 can always be kept at a predetermined state.
[0041] If for any reason the key seat 20 does not coincide with 42 for any reason though
the key seat 42 works, it is possible to cancel the incoincident state by inserting
a screw driver into the key seat 20 through the key seat 42 to rotate the first inner
cylinder 14. In this case, however, only the first inner cylinder 14 is rotated and
the rotation is not transferred to the second inner cylinder 16.
[0042] In Fig. 1, a connecting unit 44 for connecting the first inner cylinder 14 with the
second inner cylinder 16 is set in the first inner cylinder 14. The connecting unit
44 comprises an electromagnetic rotary actuator 46, which operates by responding to
an electric signal, and a connecting mechanism 48 to be driven by the rotary actuator
46. In this case, the connecting unit 44 includes a mechanism for to be described
later controlling the movement of connecting pin 54.
[0043] First, the structure of the rotary actuator 46 is described below by referring to
Fig. 5.
[0044] The rotary actuator 46 has a cylindrical housing 46C provided with a pair of permanent
magnets 46A and 46B, a rotation output shaft 46D rotatably pivoted to the housing
46C, and a rotor 46E secured to the rotation output shaft 46D. The housing 46C is
screwed to the first inner cylinder 14. The rotor 46E is provided with a rotor winding
46F and is set to the position shown by the line X-X or Y-Y in Fig. 5.
[0045] In Fig. 1, a cap member 46J prevents water or dust from entering through the bearing
of the rotation output shaft 46D. The cap member 46J is secured to the housing 46C
by means of spot welding or screwing.
[0046] A connecting mechanism 48 is described below by referring to Fig. 6.
[0047] The connecting mechanism 48 includes a connecting pin 54. The connecting pin 54 is
supported and guided by a pair of support guide bodies 50 and 52 set on the housing
46C. Thereby, the connecting pin 54 can freely advance or retreat. A slot 56 extending
in its advance-retreat direction is penetratingly formed on the connecting pin 54
and the rotation output shaft 46D passes through the slot 54. A cam plate 58 is screwed
to the front end of the rotation output shaft 46D.
[0048] The connecting pin 54 is provided with a stud 62 rotatably holding a roller 60. Moreover,
the housing 46C is provided with a stud 64 and one end of a blade spring 66 serving
as retreat energizing means is secured to the stud 64. Thereby, the connecting pin
54 is continuously pressed in the retreat direction and the connecting pin 54 is stationary
at a position where the roller 60 slightly contacts the cam plate 58 (that is, retreat-side
stable position). Thus, because the connecting pin 54 is continuously pressed in the
retreat direction, it does not erroneously advance due to vibrations.
[0049] Under the above stable state, the front end 54A of the connecting pin 54 is present
at the position shown by the continuous line in Fig. 6 and the first inner cylinder
14 is separate from the second inner cylinder 16. Therefore, even if the first inner
cylinder 14 is rotated, the rotation of the cylinder 14 is not transferred to the
inner cylinder 16.
[0050] A recess 54 into which the front end 54A of the connecting pin 54 is inserted is
formed on the second inner cylinder 16 (see Figs. 1 and 6). The recess 16A is not
a through-hole. When a predetermined driving current flows through the rotor winding
46F of the rotary actuator 46, the rotation output shaft 46D of the actuator 46 rotates
counterclockwise (see Fig. 6) and the cam plate 58 advances the connecting pin 54
by interlocking with the shaft 46D. Thereby, the front end 54A enters the recess 16A.
This advance-side stable state is shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 6.
[0051] Functions of the cam plate 58 are described below in detail by referring to Fig.
7.
[0052] When the cam plate 58 is in a tilted state (a reset state), that is, the first inner
cylinder 14 is not connected with the second inner cylinder 16, the cam plate 58 is
present at the position shown by the continuous line in Fig. 7. That is, the roller
60 is pressed toward the cam plate 58 by the blade spring 66. When a driving current
is supplied to the rotary actuator 46, the rotation output shaft 46D of the actuator
46 rotates counterclockwise as shown in Fig. 7 and the stud 62 provided with the roller
60 is pressed in the advance direction against the spring force of the blade spring
66. Because of the attitude change of the cam plate 58, that is, the change of the
plate 58 from the tilted state to the raised state, the connecting pin 54 provided
with the stud 62 advances. Then, the front end 54A of the connecting pin 54 enters
the recess 16A.
[0053] A recess 58A for accepting the roller 60 is formed at the front end (top) of the
cam plate 58. The lateral of the cam plate 58 at the roller 60 side functions as a
slope on which the roller 60 rolls. The rotary actuator 46 rotates the cam plate 58
until the roller 60 is accepted by the recess 58A. When the cam plate 58 is raised,
the electrical power feed to the rotary actuator 46 is stopped. In this case, the
front end 54A of the connecting pin 54 enters the recess 16A. While the roller 60
is fitted into the front end 54A of the connecting pin 54, it cannot naturally come
out of the recess 58A due to the pressure of the blade spring 66. In other words,
the roller 60 is caught by the recess 58A and the advance stabilized state is realized
by a mechanical action. This latched state is shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig.
7.
[0054] Under the above state, the first inner cylinder 14 and the second inner cylinder
16 are rotated and connected to each other by the connecting pin 54. By rotating the
first inner cylinder 14, the second inner cylinder 16 can be rotated connected to
a locking/unlocking mechanism.
[0055] Figure 8 shows the lock cylinder 1 set to a door locking device. The outer cylinder
10 is secured to a lock 100. The second inner cylinder 16 has a protruded piece 16B
integrated with the lock 100. The protruded piece 16B is connected to a locking/unlocking
mechanism 104 for advancing or retreating a bolt 102 of the lock 100. Therefore, by
inserting a proper electronic key 18 into the first inner cylinder 14 and turning
it after the first inner cylinder 14 and the second inner cylinder 16 are connected
by the connecting mechanism 48, the second inner cylinder 16 rotates and it is possible
to perform locking/unlocking operations. That is, it is possible to advance or retreat
the bolt 102 similarly to a conventional pin tumbler lock. In Fig. 8, symbol 106 represents
a thumb-turn, 108 represents a latch, and 110 represents a grip.
[0056] Then, a latched-state resetting mechanism 68 for resetting the above connected state
is described below by referring to Figs. 1 and 6.
[0057] The resetting mechanism 68 includes a piano wire 72 (see Fig. 1) serving as a line
spring member and a rod 74. The base end 72A of the piano wire 72 is held by a stud
70 formed on the housing 46C. The action end 72B of the piano wire 72 oscillates by
interlocking with insertion and extraction of the electronic key 18. At the time of
key insertion, the piano wire 72 is elastically deformed and the inserting force of
the electronic key 18 is accumulated as elastic deformation of the piano wire 72.
The rod 74 is supported and guided by the housing 46 in parallel with the rotation
output shaft 46D. One end of the rod 74 is connected to the action end 72B of the
piano wire 72. A spline groove 74A is formed at the other end of the rod 74 and a
guide pin 76A of a guide 76 is inserted into the spline groove 74A. The guide 76 is
secured to the housing 46C.
[0058] According to the above structure, rotation of the rod 74 is controlled and the motion
of the rod 74 is allowed only in the axis direction is allowed. When the inserted
electronic key 18 displaces the piano wire 72, the rod 74 moves in its axis direction
without rotating by interlocking with the piano wire 72.
[0059] As shown in Fig. 6, a sleeve 78 rotatably supported by a stud 77 is provided near
the other end of the rode 74. The stud 77 is secured to the housing 46 of the rotary
actuator 46. A lead 78A serving as a spiral groove is formed on the sleeve 78 as shown
in Fig. 9. The rod 74 and a pin 80 are set in the lead 78A (see Fig. 6). By the above
motion converting function, linear motion of the rod 74 is converted to rotation of
the sleeve 78.
[0060] A resetting arm 82 is screwed to the sleeve 78. The front end 82A of the resetting
arm 82 extends up to the vicinity of the cam plate 58. When the rod 74 advances by
inserting the electronic key 18, the resetting arm 82 is set to the state shown by
the continuous line in Fig. 6. Under the above state, the front end 82A of the resetting
arm 82 separates from the cam plate 58 and therefore, the resetting arm 82 does not
interrupt operations of the connecting mechanism 48. Therefore, the above connection
is realized by the rotary actuator 46.
[0061] When extracting the electronic key 18 from the key seat 20, the elastically-compressed
piano wire 72 returns to its original form and the rod 74 retreats by interlocking
with the wire 72. Thereby, the sleeve 78 rotates clockwise (see Fig. 6). As a result,
the front end 82A of the resetting arm 82 tilts the cam plate 58 clockwise to make
the roller 60 escape from the recess 58A. Thereby, the cam plate 58 returns to the
state (tilted state) shown by the continuous line in Fig. 7. As a result, the front
end 54A of the connecting pin 54 escapes from the recess 16A and the connection state
between the first inner cylinder 14 and the second inner cylinder 16 is reset. In
the case of the above latched-state resetting, no electrical driving is necessary
and it is possible to effectively use the key inserting and extracting operations
to reset the latched state.
[0062] To prevent water or dust from entering the rotary actuator 46 trough the gap between
the rod 74 and the housing 46C, the gap is designed so that movement of the rod 74
is not interrupted and the size is minimized. Grease is injected into the gap.
[0063] However, because the rotary actuator 46 is fitted to the inner periphery of the first
inner cylinder 14 as shown in Fig. 1, water or dust does not enter the connecting
mechanism 48 through the gap between the first inner cylinder 14 and the rotary actuator
46.
[0064] According to the above structure, even if water or dust come in through the key seat
20, they do not enter the connecting mechanism 48 side. In this case, the recess 16A
has dust- and moisture-preventive effects because it is not a through-hole.
[0065] Because the above dust- and drop-preventive structure is an example, it is also possible
to use a sealing member such as rubber. The lock cylinder 1 of the present invention
can securely execute the original function for a long time even under an inferior
environment.
[0066] Then, a control circuit 84 is described below by referring to Fig. 10.
[0067] The control circuit 84 includes a receiving coil RC, a power supply section PS, a
decision section DC, and a driving section OT. When the electronic key 18 is inserted
into the key seat 20 and the state shown in Fig. 1 is set, the receiving coil RC electromagnetically
couples with the transmitting coil TC of the electronic key 18. The power supply section
PS obtains DC power in accordance with an output of the receiving coil RC and electrical
power is supplied to the cylinder side from the key side. The decision section DC
is operated by a DC output of the power supply section PS and decides whether an electronic
key code input from the receiving coil RC is the code entered as the key of the lock
cylinder 1. When it is decided by the decision section DC that the electronic key
code is correct, the driving section OT responds to a decision signal DS output from
the decision section DC to supply a driving current I to the rotary actuator 46.
[0068] Therefore, when the electronic key 18 is inserted, the control circuit 48 completes
discrimination of the electronic key and driving of the rotary actuator 46 in a relatively
short time by using a signal transmitted from the electronic key 18 in order to minimize
the consumption of the battery BT in the electronic key 18.
[0069] Then, the whole operation of the lock cylinder 1 is described below.
[0070] When the electronic key 18 is not inserted into the lock cylinder 1, the latched
state of the connecting mechanism 48 is reset by the resetting mechanism 68. That
is, the front end 54A of the connecting pin 54 is out of the recess 16A and the first
inner cylinder 14 is not connected with the second inner cylinder 16. Therefore, though
the first inner cylinder 14 can freely rotate in the outer cylinder 10, the rotational
force of the first inner cylinder 14 is not transferred to the locking/unlocking mechanism
104 of the lock 100 through the second inner cylinder 16.
[0071] The key seat 20 of the first inner cylinder 14 is constantly kept at a position proper
to the outer cylinder 10 by the action of the key seat 42. Therefore, it is possible
to securely insert the electronic key 18 into the cylinder through the key seat 42.
[0072] According to the above key insertion, the rod 47 advances to set the resetting arm
82 to the state shown by the continuous line in Fig. 6 and also to ready the connecting
mechanism 48 for operation.
[0073] Simultaneously with the above operations, the control circuit 84 operates by receiving
a signal transmitted from the electronic key 18 and decides whether the electronic
key 18 is proper. When the electronic key 18 determined proper, the driving current
I is supplied to the rotary actuator 46 and the rotation output shaft 46D of the actuator
46 rotates to drive the connecting mechanism 48. Thereby, the connection latched state
shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 7 is set.
[0074] In this connection, the first inner cylinder 14 is constantly kept at a rotation
angle proper to the outer cylinder 10 by the key guide means and the connecting pin
54 constantly faces the recess 16A. Therefore, it is unnecessary to adjust the direction
of the connecting pin 54 to the recess 16A by rotating the pin 54. Thereby, the time
for supplying the driving current I from the control circuit 48 is greatly shortened
and, thus, the consumption of power from battery BT in the electronic key 18 can be
decreased. If the position of the first inner cylinder 14 is indeterminate, it may
be necessary to search a proper rotation angle by rotating the first inner cylinder
after inserting the electronic key 18 and, moreover, it is necessary to continuously
supply electric power to the rotary actuator 46 while the above operation is performed.
The cylinder of this embodiment makes it possible to solve the above problems, improve
the manipulating condition, and decrease the replacement frequency of the battery
BT in the electronic key 18.
[0075] As described above, when the first inner cylinder 14 and the second inner cylinder
16 are ready to rotate together by the connecting mechanism 48, it is possible to
operate the locking/unlocking mechanism 104 of the lock 100 through the first and
second inner cylinders 14 and 16 by turning the electronic key 18.
[0076] By extracting the electronic key 18 after locking or unlocking, the rod 47 retreats
and the unlocking arm 82 tilts the cam plate 58 to tilt the raised plate 58. In this
case, the front end 54A of the engaging pin 54 escapes from the recess 16A and the
connection state between the first inner cylinder 14 and the second inner cylinder
16 is reset.
[0077] Thereafter, even if the first inner cylinder 14 is rotated, the rotational force
of the cylinder 14 is not transferred to the locking/unlocking mechanism 104 of the
lock 100. Therefore, unlike a conventional cylinder, no breakable object is present
where a screw driver or the like could be inserted into the key seat 20 and it is
impossible to operate the locking/unlocking mechanism while the first inner cylinder
14 only idles. Therefore, the cylinder of the present invention is very superior in
crime preventive performance.
[0078] Then, another embodiment of latching means is described below by referring to Fig.
11.
[0079] In the case of the former embodiment, latching means comprises the blade spring 66
and the recess 58A of the cam plate 58. However, the latter embodiment uses a magnet.
[0080] In the case of means 148 shown in Fig. 11, a cam plate 158 is made of iron or nickel
which is a soft magnetic material. A permanent magnet 159 functions as a stopper member
and a latching member to a protrusion 158A at the top of the cam plate 158. That is,
when the protrusion 158A contacts the permanent magnet 159, the protrusion 158A is
attracted by the permanent magnet 159 due to the magnetic action and thereby, the
raised state of the cam plate 158 is maintained. In this case, the front end 54A of
the engaging pin 54 enters the recess 16A. Of course, the magnetic action must be
larger than the energizing action in the retreat direction of the blade spring 66.
[0081] The above structure has the advantage that the rotation degree of the rotation output
shaft 46D of the rotary actuator 46 required to operate a connecting mechanism can
be decreased compared to the structure shown in Fig. 6. That is, it is possible to
decrease the rotation degree of the rotation output shaft 46D down to a value equivalent
to the rotation degree required to make the roller 60 enter the recess 58A. This represents
reduction of the power consumption of the rotary actuator 46 and makes it possible
to prevent consumption of power from battery BT by the electronic key 18.
[0082] Figure 12 shows still another embodiment of the lock cylinder of the present invention.
[0083] In the lock cylinder 200, symbol 202 represents an outer cylinder, 204 represents
a first inner cylinder, and 206 represents a second inner cylinder. A key seat 208
into which the electronic key 18 is inserted is formed on the first inner cylinder
204. A key seat 212 is formed on a cap member 210 and the key seat 212 has a function
equipment to that of the key seat 42 in Fig. 1. That is, the electronic key 18 can
be inserted or extracted only when the first inner cylinder 204 has a predetermined
positional relationship with the outer cylinder 202.
[0084] A connecting unit 214 for setting the first inner cylinder 204 and the second inner
cylinder 206 to a predetermined connection state and a resetting mechanism 216 for
resetting the predetermined connection state set by the connecting unit 214 are provided
in the first inner cylinder 204. The connecting unit 204 comprises a rotary actuator
218 and a connecting mechanism 220 to be driven by the actuator 218. The connecting
mechanism 220 has a connecting pin 222 movably guided by a guide (not illustrated).
The connecting pin 222 is provided with a stud 224 and an operating rod 226 secured
to the rotation output shaft 218A of the rotary actuator 218 is inserted into the
hole 224A of the stud 224.
[0085] When a signal transmitted from the electronic key 18 is received by a control circuit
(not illustrated), processings such as discrimination and collation of the key are
performed and thereafter, the rotary actuator 218 is driven. Thereby, the operating
rod 226 is set to the position shown by the continuous line or two-dot chain line
in Fig. 12.
[0086] When the operating rod 226 is under the state shown by the continuous line, the connecting
pin 222 advances to the position shown by the continuous line and the front end 222A
of the pin 222 enters a recess 228 formed on the second inner cylinder 206. Thus,
the first inner cylinder 204 connects with the second inner cylinder 206.
[0087] When the operating rod 226 is under the state shown by the two-dot chain line, the
connecting pin 222 retreats to return to the position shown by the two-dot chain line,
thereby the front end 222A escapes from the recess 228, and the connection state between
the first inner cylinder 204 and the second inner cylinder 206 is reset.
[0088] The connection state is reset by the resetting mechanism 216. The resetting mechanism
216 includes a blade spring 232 and a resetting lever 236. The base end of the blade
spring 232 is secured to a partition 230 formed in the first inner cylinder 204 by
bolts. The resetting lever 236 is guided by the partition 230 and a guide sleeve 234.
As shown in Fig. 13, an oscillating end of the blade spring 232 is connected to one
end of the resetting lever 236, a bent pawl 236A is formed at the other end of the
resetting lever 236, and the pawl 236A is hung on the operating rod 226 as shown in
Fig. 13.
[0089] Operations of the resetting mechanism 216 are described below by referring to Figs.
12 and 13.
[0090] When the electronic key 18 is not inserted, the blade spring 232 is present at the
position shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 12 and therefore, the resetting lever
236 is retreated. Therefore, the operating rod 226 is maintained at the position shown
by the two-dot chain line by the engaging pawl 236A and, moreover, the connecting
pin 222 is maintained at the retreat position shown by the two-dot chain line. In
this case, the connection state between the first inner cylinder 204 and the second
inner cylinder 206 is reset.
[0091] When the electronic key 18 is inserted into the key seat 208, the blade spring 232
is pushed by the electronic key 18 to move to the position shown by the continuous
line and the resetting lever 216 thereby advances and the restriction of movement
of the operating rod 226 is canceled. Therefore, when the electronic key 18 is a proper
key, the rotary actuator 218 is driven, the connecting pin 222 advances, and the first
inner cylinder 204 connects with the second inner cylinder 206.
[0092] Thereafter, by turning the electronic key 18, it is possible to rotate the second
inner cylinder 206 and operate the locking/unlocking mechanism through the protruded
piece 238.
[0093] When the electronic key 18 is extracted, the blade spring 232 returns to the position
shown by the two-dot chain line and the resetting lever 236 simultaneously retreats.
In this case, the operating rod 226 is forcibly returned to the position shown by
the two-dot chain line, the front end 222A of the connecting pin 222 is ejected from
the recess 228, and the connection state between the first inner cylinder 204 and
the second inner cylinder 206 is reset.
[0094] In Fig. 12, it is possible to use a latching mechanism as a rotary actuator in order
to latch the state in which the operating rod 226 is present at the position shown
by the continuous line. Also, in the case of the structure shown in Fig. 12, each
necessary portion is sealed and the connecting unit 214 and the rotary actuator 218
are protected from dust and water similarly to the case of the above embodiment.
[0095] Where the lock cylinder 1 in Fig. 1 most greatly differs from the lock cylinder 200
in Fig. 2 is the way of setting a connecting pin. In the case of the lock cylinder
1, a connecting pin is set in the direction along the radius direction of an outer
cylinder. In the case of the lock cylinder 200, however, a connecting pin is set along
the axis direction of an outer cylinder. It is possible to select either of the above
two types in accordance with the purpose and the location of the cylinder.
[0096] The structure of the key seat serving as key guide means is not restricted to the
above structure. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, for example, it is possible to form
two, instead of one, notches 42B and 42B in a key at an interval of 180° which allows
the protruded piece 18C of the electronic key 18 to pass on a key seat. According
to the above structure, it is possible to insert or extract the electronic key 18
at two rotational positions (every 180°) among rotational positions of 360°. Among
various locking/unlocking mechanisms, there are some mechanisms which make it possible
to perform locking/unlocking at a position every 180° among the rotation angles of
360°. The structure shown in Figs. 14 and 15 is more convenient than these mechanisms.
[0097] The present invention makes it possible to provide a lock cylinder which cannot easily
be broken by an intruder and which is superior in safety and has a high crime preventive
performance. Moreover, the present invention makes it possible to securely operate
a connecting pin and decrease power consumption. Furthermore, the present invention
makes it possible to maintain the advance state of a connecting pin and retreat the
connecting pin without electric action. Furthermore, the present invention makes it
possible to effectively use key operations (insertion and extraction of a key) for
the control of a connecting pin. Furthermore, the present invention makes it possible
to provide an electric lock cylinder with a high operability in which a key can be
inserted or extracted only when an inner cylinder is present at a proper rotational
position.