This invention generally relates to the art of electrical connectors and, particularly, to a connector housing being adapted to a position assurance system in an electrical connector assembly.
There often is a need to provide secure mechanical and electrical engagement between a pair of mateable electrical connectors or between an electrical connector and another mateable electrical device. Various latching techniques have been used to provide the secure engagement. An electrical connector of the above described type is disclosed in United States Patent 4,946,404. This document discloses a locking security mechanism for an electrical connector having a pair of male and female connectors, a locking arm member with the locking member opening and a locking security member mounted in a male connector member in a normally undetachable manner and maintained in a pre-engagement position with a pre-engagement releasing means in a female connector member.
In addition, various uses of electrical connectors require that some form of assurance system be provided which absolutely assures that the connectors are fully mated and can be used to indicate such mating. For instance, in an electrical circuit system for automobiles or other vehicles, such as in a safety circuit for an air bag, there is concern directly for human life in the event of an emergency. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent incomplete fitting and locking or an incomplete mating of electrical connectors in the wiring circuit and when fully and properly mated to prevent inadvertent unlocking. The present invention is directed to providing a simple, efficient and cost effective connector housing adapted to an assurance system for electrical connectors of the character described above. In addition it is intended according to the invention to provide a connector housing having only a small number of parts and facilitating mounting of a position assurance system to an electrical connector assembly.
An object, therefore, of the invention is to provide a new and improved connector housing adapted to a connector position assurance system in an electrical connector assembly. The invention is defined in claim 1.
The features of this invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention, together with its objects and the advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify like elements in the figures and in which:
Referring to the drawings in greater detail, and first to Figure 1, the housing (24) of the invention being adapted to a connector position assurance system is embodied in an electrical connector assembly, generally designated 10 which includes a first connector, generally designated 12, and a second connector, generally designated 14. The connectors are mateable in the direction of arrows "A".
First connector 12 includes a housing 16 defining a receptacle 18. The housing/receptacle is generally rectangular and includes a top wall 16a. A latch boss 20 having a forwardly facing chamfered surface 20a is located generally centrally of and projects upwardly from top wall 16a. A pair of activating bosses 22 also project upwardly on opposite sides of latch boss 20. Each activating boss 22 includes a forwardly facing chamfered surface 22a and a rearwardly facing chamfered surface 22b. Although not visible in the drawings, a plurality of pin terminals project forwardly within receptacle 18 of first connector 12.
Second connector 14 is a plug connector having a portion receivable in receptacle 18 of connector 12. The second connector includes the housing 24 having a plurality of terminal-receiving passages 26 within which are mounted a plurality of female terminals for interengagement with the pin terminals within receptacle 18 of the first connector. A connector position assurance device (CPA), generally designated 28, is slidably mounted on a latching member, generally designated 30, on top of second connector 14. The CPA is movable relative to the latching member in the direction of double-headed arrow "B".
Referring to Figure 2 in conjunction with Figure 1 CPA 28 (Fig. 1) has been removed to facilitate a better illustration of latching member 30 of the invention. More particularly, housing 24 of second connector 14 is unitarily molded of dielectric material, such as plastic or the like, and latching member 30 is mounted to the top of the housing by a pair of integral pivots 32 which define fulcrums about which the latch member is pivotable in the direction of double-headed arrow "C". A rear end 34 of latching member 30 is accessible by an operators finger so that pushing down on rear end 34 will cause a front end 36 of the latch member to pivot upwardly. A pair of arms 38 extend front-to-rear of latching member 30 and a latch shoulder 40 spans the arms at the front of a slot 42. The latch shoulder is at an elevation below the tops of arms 38. A pair of stop wings 44 project outwardly from arms 38 of latch member 30.
Referring to Figure 3 in conjunction with Figures 1 and 2 CPA 28 includes a central body portion 46 cantilevered from a cross base portion 48. The central body portion has a distal end 50 which defines a blocking tongue, for purposes described hereinafter. A pair of stop arms 52 also project forwardly from cross base portion 48 on opposite sides of central body portion 46. Lastly, four hooked mounting tabs 54 project downwardly from central body portion 46.
The hooked mounting tabs project through slot 42 (Fig. 2) in latching member 30 and the hooked portions of the mounting tabs snap beneath the underside of the latching member. Therefore, hooked mounting tabs 54 of CPA 28 received in slot 42 of latching member 30 provide a means for slidably mounting the CPA on the latching member for movement relative to the latching member in the direction of double-headed arrow "B" (Fig. 1). The rear end 34 of the latching member 30 closes off the slot 42 providing a stop for the CPA. Figure 1 shows that the top of the CPA is provided with a serrated ramp 56 to facilitate movement of the CPA, as by an operators thumb or finger.
Figures 4-8 show various sequential positions of first connector 12. second connector 14. latching member 30 and CPA 28 during a mating operation of the connectors. Before proceeding with a description of that operation, and referring to Figure 4. each stop arm 52 of CPA 28 is provided with a downwardly projecting hook 58 at the forward distal end thereof. The hook defines a forwardly facing stop surface 58a, a forwardly and downwardly chamfered surface 58b and a rearwardly facing chamfered surface 58c.
Turning now to the mating of the connectors and the operation of the connector position assurance system, Figure 1 shows first connector 12 and second connector 14 in completely unmated condition. Latching member 30 is in its static or inoperative position, and CPA 28 is in its retracted or rear initial inactive position.
Figure 5 shows first connector 12 and second connector 14 only partially mated. In this position, front end 36 of latching member 30 has moved up chamfered surface 20a of latch boss 20 and is resting on top of the boss. During this movement, stop wings 44 (Fig. 2) at the sides of the latching member (which are not visible in Figure 5) clear activating bosses 22 of first connector 12 and are not interfered thereby. In this intermediate mating condition of the connectors shown in Figure 5, CPA 28 still is in its rearward or initial inactive position. It should be noted in Figures 4 and 5 that CPA 20 cannot move forwardly because stop surfaces 58a of stop arms 52 will abut against the rear edges of stop wings 44 of latching member 30. This provides a complementary interengaging stop means between the CPA and the latching member to prevent the CPA from moving from its initial position to its final position when the connectors are not mated.
Figure 6 shows first and second connectors 12 and 14 respectively, in their fully mated position. Front end 37 of latching member 30 now has dropped downwardly in the direction of arrow "D", and latch shoulder 40 now has dropped behind the abrupt front end of latch boss 20.
In this position, the connectors cannot be unmated simply by pulling the connectors apart. The only way that they can be unmated is by pushing down on rear end 34 of latching member 30 to pivot front end 36 and latch shoulder 40 back upwardly sufficiently to clear latch boss 20. However, it can be seen that stop arms 52 remain in an elevated position because hook portions 58 of the stop arms now are resting on top of activating bosses 22, In other words, the activating bosses of the first connector are effective to release the stop means which prevents the CPA from moving forwardly.
Figure 7 shows first and second connectors 12 and 14, respectively, still in fully mated condition, and with front end 36 of latching member 30 latched behind latch boss 20 of the first connector. However, CPA 28 has been moved forwardly in the direction of arrow "E" away from its initial position and to an intermediate position whereat chamfered surfaces 58b at the front end of stop arms 52 have moved over stop wings 44 of the latching member until the hook portions 58 of stop arms 52 have moved onto the tops of stop wings 44.
Figure 8 again shows the fully mated condition of first and second connectors 12 and 14, respectively, but CPA 28 has now been moved completely forwardly in the direction of arrow "F" to its final indicating position which indicates that the connectors are fully mated. Stop arms 52 have dropped downwardly in the direction of arrow "G", as hook portions 58 of the stop arms move forwardly of and clear stop wings 44 of latching member 30.
It should be noted that in the final position of CPA 28 as shown in Figure 8. blocking tongue 50 at the front of the CPA has moved under a ledge 60 which forms a part of housing 24 of second connector 14, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. Therefore, if any attempt is made to unlatch the connectors by pushing down on rear end 34 of latching member 30, the latching member cannot be pivoted away from its latched condition because blocking tongue 50 being seated beneath ledge 60 prevents the entire assembly of the latching member and the CPA from pivoting away from the final latched condition of the components.
In order to unlatch the connectors, CPA 28 is moved back rearwardly opposite the direction of arrow "F" (Fig. 8) to cause rearwardly facing chamfered surfaces 58c of hook portions 58 of the CPA to ride over the tops of stop wings 44 and allow the CPA to move back to its initial position. After the CPA is moved back rearwardly relative to latching member 30, the front blocking tongue 50 of the CPA moves out of engagement beneath ledge 60, whereby latching member 30 can be pivoted away from its latched position, and the connectors can be unmated.
It will be understood that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the claims. The present examples and embodiments, therefore, are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be limited to the details given herein.