The present invention relates to a connector provided with a retainer.
Generally, there are two types of connectors provided with a retainer: a side retainer type (see Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 6-5870) and a front retainer type (see Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 5-23455 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-250215).
The side retainer type connector is such as shown in FIG. 7 that a retainer 3 is mounted in a direction normal to the insertion direction of terminal fittings 2 into a connector housing 1. Accordingly, a retainer insertion hole 4 is open in one side surface of the connector housing 1. This type has an advantage of retaining the terminal fittings 2 with a larger force since the retainer 3 directly locks the terminal fittings 2 as shown in FIG. 8. On the other hand, the front retainer type connector is such as shown in FIG. 9 that a retainer 5 is inserted into a connector housing 6 along the insertion direction of terminal fittings 2, and a retainer insertion hole 7 is accordingly open in an engaging surface with a mating connector. This type has an advantage that the retainer insertion hole 7 is not exposed by being covered by the mating connector.
A side retainer type connector according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP-0 700 125 A2. Furthermore, DE 41 23 505 C1 discloses a connector coupling formed to two connector housings and an intermediate housing.
However, there has been no connector provided with a retainer which has advantages of both types. Further, since in the connector of EP-0 700 125 A2, the retainer can be in a locked or an unlocked state when the housing is assembled, there is a risk of malfunction if the connector is operated while the retainer is in its unlocked state.
It is the object of the invention to provide a connector provided with a retainer in which a retainer insertion hole is covered, terminal fittings are retained with a large force, the likelihood is eliminated that the terminal fitting is exposed to water, and in which reliability of operation is easily improved.
This object is fulfilled by a connector having the features disclosed in claim 1.
Preferred embodiments are defined in the dependent subclaims.
According to a preferred embodiment, the inner housing is formed with the at least one cavity.
Preferably, the inner housing is provided with the retainer insertion portion.
According to a further preferred embodiment, there is provided a connector provided with a retainer, comprising:
Accordingly, the retainer is located substantially at the back of the retainer insertion hole and projects into the cavity to face the terminal fitting inserted thereinto in such a direction as to prevent the terminal fitting from coming out of the cavity. Since the retainer directly prevents the terminal fitting from coming out, the terminal fitting can be retained with a large force. Further, since the retainer insertion hole is formed in the inner housing, it is not exposed to the outside by being covered by the outer housing.
Preferably, the retainer projects outward from the housing, preferably the inner housing while being located in such a (non-locking) position of or in the retainer insertion hole where it does not securely retain the terminal fitting so as not to come out of the cavity.
Accordingly, the retainer projects outward from the inner housing, interfering the outer housing if the retainer is not locking the terminal fitting, with the result that the inner and outer housings cannot be assembled. This prevents the connector from being assembled while the terminal fitting is not locked by the retainer.
Accordingly, the clearance communicating the cavity and the outside is sealed by the first and second waterproof rings, eliminating a likelihood that the terminal fitting is exposed to water.
Accordingly, the connector is provided with a double-lock function, which facilitates the mounting and overall handling.
Preferably, the retainer comprises one or more insertion spaces into which the terminal fittings are insertable when the retainer is located in a non-locking position, and one or more locking spaces substantially communicating with the corresponding insertion spaces, the terminal fittings being displaced into the one or more locking spaces when the retainer is moved into its locking position.
Further preferably, a portion of the retainer adjacent to the locking spaces interact with a portion of the terminal fittings, preferably an end surface of a main portion thereof.
Most preferably, the retainer and/or the housing, preferably the inner housing comprise retainer locking means for locking the retainer in the housing, when the retainer is arranged in the locking position.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon a reading of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings in which:
Hereafter, one embodiment of the invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
A connector housing of a connector according to this embodiment is comprised of outer (see FIG. 1) and inner (see FIG. 2) housings 11, 12 which are substantially engageable with each other.
In the outer housing 11, a left end surface of FIG. 1 is a front surface to be engaged with a mating connector (not shown). Into a space 14A defined between a receptacle 13 projecting forward from the front surface and a main body 14 provided inside the receptacle 13 is insertably fitted or fittable a mating receptacle for the connection of the two connectors. A first waterproof ring 16 is fitted on the outer surface of the main body 14, and is in sealing contact with the inner surface of the mating receptacle and the outer surface of the main body 14 by being compressed between these surfaces. Inside the main body 14, a through hole extending substantially in an engaging direction ED with the mating connector is formed as an accommodation hole 17 for accommodating the inner housing 12. The inner housing 12 is insertable into the accommodation hole 17 through its rear opening. A substantially front (left in FIG. 1) opening of the accommodation hole 17 forms a tab insertion opening 18. Male tabs (not shown) of the mating connector are insertable through the tab insertion opening 18. Further, a substantially rear part of the accommodation hole 17 is preferably entirely or circumferentially widened, thereby forming a stepped portion 19. Lock holes 19A are formed in the upper and lower surfaces at a rear part of the stepped portion 19.
On the other hand, the inner housing 12 which is entirely shown in FIG. 4 has such length and cross section that it can be at least partially fitted into the accommodation hole 17. A flange 20 bulging sideways over its preferably entire outer surface so as to correspond to the stepped portion 19 of the outer housing 11 is provided at a rear end portion of the inner housing 12, and lock projections 20A engageable with the lock holes 19A are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the flange 20. Further, a second waterproof ring 21 is mounted on a rear part of the outer surface of the inner housing 12 in such a manner as to substantially abut against the flange 20. The second waterproof ring 21 is brought into sealing contact with the inner surface of the stepped portion 19 of the outer housing 11 and the outer surface of the inner housing 12 by being compressed and deformed therebetween.
A pair of cavities 15 are so formed in the inner housing 12 as to extent in the substantially engaging direction ED with the outer housing 11, and terminal fittings 30 are inserted or insertable thereinto. As shown in FIG. 2, a front side of each cavity 15 is open in the lower surface of the inner housing 12, and this open portion is closed by the inner wall of the accommodation hole 17 (see FIG. 3). The open portions of the cavities 15 (15A in FIGS. 2 and 3) are aligned with the tab insertion openings 18 of the outer housing 11, and the male tabs are inserted into the cavities 15 through the tab insertion openings 18.
The terminal fitting 30 is formed as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 e.g. by cutting a conductive metal plate and bending the cut piece. A front end surface 31A of a main portion 31 substantially in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped is brought into contact with a contact wall (not shown) formed in the cavity 15, thereby substantially positioning the terminal fitting 30 in the cavity 15 with respect to the forward direction (leftward direction in FIG. 2). A pair of opposite pieces 32 extend substantially forward from the front end surface 31A of the main portion 31 in such a manner as to be closer to each other or that a distance therebetween tapers or decreases, and the male tab is held or holdable between these opposite pieces 32 to establish an electrical connection therewith. Further, a pair of metal lances or locking portions 33 extend obliquely backward from opposite side walls of the main body 31. These metal locking portions 33 are locked with receiving projections 22 formed in the cavity 15 so as to prevent the terminal fitting 30 from coming out of the cavity 15 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
At a rear end surface 31 B of the main portion 31, a connecting portion 34 extends substantially backward from a substantially center portion thereof. A barrel portion 35 for the connection with a wire 36 is provided at the leading end of the connecting portion 34. The connecting portion 34 has a cross section smaller than the main portion 31 as shown in FIG. 5 so as to be fittable into a locking space 45 provided in a retainer 40 to be described later. Further, a waterproof rubber plug 37 is mounted or mountable on the barrel portion 35 as well as on an end of the wire 36 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. This waterproof rubber plug 37 is or can be brought in sealing contact with the outer sheath of the wire 36 and the inner surface of the cavity 15.
As shown in FIG. 4, a retainer insertion hole 23 is so formed in the inner housing 12 as to preferably extend over the substantially entire width of the inner housing 12 in a direction at an angle different from 0° or 180°, preferably substantially normal to the extension of the cavities 15. Intersecting portions of the cavities 15 and the retainer insertion hole 23 correspond to the connecting portions 34 of the terminal fittings 30 properly accommodated in the cavities 15 as shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 5, a pair of projections 24 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the retainer insertion hole 23 near a right opening of FIG. 5, and lock portions 42 provided on the retainer 40 as described later are lockingly engaged or engageable with these projections 24.
The retainer 40 has such a substantially platelike shape as a whole as to be fittable into the retainer insertion hole 23 as shown in FIG. 4, and the aforementioned pair of lock portions 42 extend forward from the front surface of the retainer 40 with respect to its insertion direction. A pair of terminal retaining portion 43 are provided between the locking portions 42 and/or in a plate portion 40A. Each terminal retaining portion 43 is comprised of an insertion space 44 into which the main portion 31 of the terminal fitting 30 is insertable substantially in a direction of the thickness of the retainer 40 and the locking space 45 which communicates with the insertion space 44 and into which only the connecting portion 34 of the terminal fitting 30 is insertable. As shown in FIG. 5, when the leading end of the lock portions 42 of the retainer 40 inserted into the insertion hole 23 from the left side of FIG. 5 abuts against the projection 24, the insertion spaces 44 substantially face or communicate with the cavities 15. When the retainer 40 is further pushed to engage the locking portions 42 with the projections 24 as shown in FIG. 6, the locking spaces 45 substantially face the cavities 15. Further, the retainer 40 projects from the inner housing 12 with the locking portions 42 preferably in abutment against the projections 24, whereas it is substantially accommodated in the retainer insertion hole 23 with the locking portions 42 engaged with the projections 24.
Next, the action of this embodiment is described.
In order to assemble the connector of this embodiment, the retainer 40 is first inserted into the retainer insertion hole 23 of the inner housing 12 until the locking portions 42 of the retainer 40 are struck against the projections 24 (see FIG. 5). Then, the insertion spaces 44 of the retainer 40 substantially face the cavities 15. The terminal fittings 30 can be inserted into the cavities 15 without being interfered by the retainer 40 since the main portions 31 of the terminal fittings 30 are insertable into the insertion spaces 44. When the terminal fittings 30 are inserted to the back of the cavities 15, the metal locking portions 33 thereof move over the receiving projections 22, thereby being locked therewith (see FIG. 2). This is referred to as "partial locking". At this time, the terminal fittings 30 are positioned with respect to the forward direction by the main portions 31 thereof abutting against the contact walls (not shown) of the cavities 15.
In this state, the retainer 40 is preferably strongly pushed into the retainer insertion hole 23. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the connecting portions 34 of the terminal fittings 30 enter the locking spaces 45 of the retainer 40, and the plate portion 40A of the retainer 40 substantially faces the rear end surfaces 31B of the main portions 31 of the terminal fittings 30 (see FIG. 2), with the result that the terminal fittings 30 are directly retained by the retainer 40 so as not to come out of the cavities 15, thereby being brought into their double-locked states. At this time, the locking portions 42 of the retainer 40 move over the projections 24 in the retainer insertion hole 23, thereby being locked therewith (see FIG. 6). Here, if the terminal fittings 30 are insufficiently inserted, the main portions 31 thereof are located in the insertion spaces 44 of the retainer 40 and the retainer 40 interferes the terminal fittings 30. Thus, the retainer 40 cannot be pushed to the back and, as a result, the insufficient insertion of the terminal fittings 30 can be detected.
Finally, the inner housing 12 is inserted to the back of the accommodation hole 17 of the outer housing 11. Then, the inner housing 12 is retained in the accommodation hole 17 so as not to come therefrom by the engagement of the lock projections 20A of the inner housing 12 and the lock holes 19A of the outer housing 12, and a clearance between the outer and inner housings 11 and 12 is sealed by the second waterproof ring 21. Here, unless the retainer 40 is such a position as to retain the terminal fittings 30, it projects from the side surface of the inner housing 12, thereby interfering the outer housing 11. Accordingly, the inner housing 12 cannot be substantially fitted into the outer housing 11. This prevents the connector of this embodiment from being assembled without the terminal fittings being locked by the retainer 40 (double lock state).
When this connector is connected with a mating connector, the male terminals of the mating connector are inserted into the cavities 15 to be electrically connected with the terminal fittings 30. Further, a clearance between the two connectors is sealed by the first waterproof ring 16.
As described above, according to the connector of this embodiment, the terminal fittings 30 can be retained with a strong force since the retainer 40 directly retains the terminal fittings 30 so as not come out. Further, since the retainer insertion hole 23 is provided in the inner housing 12, it is not exposed outside by being covered by the outer housing 11. In other words, the present invention provides a connector having the advantages of the prior art side retainer type connector and front retainer type connector. Further, since the clearances communicating the cavities 15 with the outside are sealed by the first and second waterproof rings 16, 21 and the waterproof plug 37, the terminal fittings 30 are not to be exposed to water.
The present invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiment, but the following embodiments are also embraced by the technical scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. Besides the following embodiments, a variety of other changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
(1) Although two terminal fittings 30 are accommodated in the connector of the foregoing embodiment, the number of the terminal fittings may be 1 or 3 or more. In such a case, the retainer may be provided with terminal locking portions corresponding to the number of the terminal fitting(s).