Field of the Invention
[0001] This invention relates to an elastomeric stopper having a self-sealing means so that
a pharmaceutical fluid contained in a container closed by the elastomeric stopper
can be repeatedly accessed by the use of a luer connector or a syringe having a blunt
or sharp needle cannula.
Background of the invention
[0002] The prior art has developed numerous devices to prevent accidental needle strike
injuries to practitioners and patients. Such injuries are known to spread infectious
diseases including hepatitis and AIDS. One of the main features of these devices is
the lack of exposed sharp needles. The closures or stoppers have built in access means
to the content of the containers, such as vials, cartridges and bottles. The closures
or stoppers in these devices serve the dual function of hermetically sealing the container
while allowing access to the content therethrough.
[0003] Stopper systems for containers such as vials and bottles are made of materials that
are resistant to chemicals and pharmaceuticals such as corrosive materials, reagents,
parenteral solutions and solid formulations reconstitutable with a solvent prior to
use.
[0004] The most commonly used stopper/container system for such products has been glass
or plastic bottles and vials equipped with stoppers made of elastomeric materials.
The system provides for good hermetical seal, safe storage and easy access to the
content through the elastomeric stopper via the use of an infusion spike or a syringe
when withdrawal of the content is desired. The elastomeric stopper used generally
comprises an elastomeric base, such as natural or synthetic rubber and an inert coating
covering at least some portions of the stopper. The coating used includes chlorobutyl
rubber, polymeric fluorocarbon resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene and various
thermoplastic films. The coating is intended to insulate the elastomeric stopper base
from the contents of the container in order to prevent contact and possible chemical
reactions therebetween.
[0005] Generally, the elastomeric stopper is of cylindrical shape and has a flange head
portion overlying the open top end of the container. Integral with the head portion
is a body portion which extends into the open end and seated in the neck portion of
the container, the diameter of the body portion being somewhat larger than the inside
diameter of the container so that a tight seal is created between the body portion
and the wall of the container. The lower end of the body portion is beveled towards
the central, longitudinal axis of the body portion to facilitate the insertion of
the body portion into the container. The circular bottom surface that faces the contents
of the container is substantially planar and is imperforate, having no recess therein.
The head portion of the stopper is provided with a central recess extending downwardly
from the top thereof a substantial distance into the body portion so that the central
recess and the circular bottom surface define a diaphragm. The walls forming the recess
are generally cylindrical but may be provided with one or more circular protuberances
extending inwardly to terminate just short of the center line of the stopper. The
circular protuberances serve to press against and hold the needle of a syringe when
the needle is inserted through the recess to penetrate the diaphragm for removal of
the contents of the container. The elastomeric stopper is held in position by a metal
ring or cap usually constructed of aluminum. The metal ring or cap has a removable
centre opening for allowing insertion of the syringe needle into the container.
[0006] Various stopper and access systems exist in the prior art to hold and remove the
contents of containers which are illustrated hereunder.
[0007] An example of a stopper according to the state of the art is reported in Figures
6 and 6A of the present application.
[0008] U.S. Patent No. 5,429,256 pertains to a drug withdrawal system for a vial. The withdrawal
system comprises: a vial containing a medicament therein and closed with a rubber
gasket; and an apparatus which snap fits on top of the vial. The apparatus comprises:
a chassis and a cap which is attached to the cap by a living hinge. The chassis is
cylindrical and has vertical grooves on the external sides to facilitate handling.
The top of the chassis has a central opening. The chassis includes a removable male
luer lock adapter, having external threads thereon, including a ferrule structure
the lower end of which has a hollow sharpened lance. The apparatus is used with a
syringe having a female luer lock connector which snap fits with the removable male
luer lock adapter including the ferrule. In use, the cap cover is opened, and a syringe
is screwed onto the outer end of the adapter, then tightened on the adapter which
moves the lance downward thereby establishing flow communication with the content
of the vial.
[0009] U.S. Patent No. 5,433,330 relates to a needleless access stopper used on containers
with a cannula having a blunt, stopper penetrating tip. The stopper includes a disc
and a plug extending from the disc into the container. Also included is a diaphragm
defined by a target region in the upper face. Also included is a centrally located
piercing point positioned to pre-slit the diaphragm. This stopper is not suitable
for syringe, cartridge or IV tubing having a female luer connector. Moreover, after
use, the pre-slit disc does not assure a complete seal of the contents of the container
from the environment and it is not useful for multiple use.
[0010] There is the need in this field of technique to provide a multiple use stopper system
allowing repeatedly access to a medical fluid contained in a container and at the
same time providing access means allowing the access to the container with various
conventional external access means, such as cartridge or iv tubing equipped with a
female luer connector or a syringe having sharp or blunt needle cannula or sharp and
blunt spikes.
Summary of the invention
[0011] The present invention provides a multiple use universal closure assembly allowing
repeatedly access to a medical fluid contained in a container with various external
access means available to healthcare professionals and emergency practitioners and
sometimes to patients requiring self-injections, such as cartridge or iv tubing equipped
with a female luer connector or a syringe having sharp or blunt needle cannula or
sharp and blunt spikes.
[0012] According to one aspect, the present invention provides a multiple use universal
closure assembly allowing access to a medical fluid contained in a container comprising
accessing (receiving) and sealing means designed for multiple use so that the medical
fluid can be repeatedly accessed. After each withdrawal of the desired amount of the
medical fluid, the sealing means self-seals itself thereby preventing contamination
of the medical fluid by air-born particles, such as dust and bacteria.
[0013] More in particularly, the multiple use universal closure assembly according to the
invention comprises:
an elastomeric stopper comprising sealing means; and
receiving means for external accessing means.
[0014] The elastomeric stopper according to the invention having a head portion and a skirt
portion is made of an elastomeric base, such as a natural or synthetic rubber preferably
having an inert, polymeric coating thereon covering at least the medical fluid contacting
portions of the stopper. The coating may be of chlorobutyl rubber, polymeric fluorocarbon
resins and thermoplastic films.
[0015] The elastomeric stopper is of cylindrical shape and has a flange head portion overlying
the open top end of the container. Integral with the head portion is a skirt portion
which extends into the open end and seated in the neck portion of the container, the
diameter of the neck portion of the container being somewhat larger than the inside
diameter of the skirt portion so that a tight seal is created between the skirt portion
and the wall of the container.
[0016] In the centre portion of the elastomeric stopper there is a cylindrical opening extending
through the head and the skirt portions of the stopper. The cylindrical opening through
the stopper body would expose the content of the container to the environment allowing
contamination therefrom. In accordance with the present invention, the cylindrical
opening is closed by a sealing means, namely a rupturable sealing membrane. The rupturable
sealing membrane may be made separately from the elastomeric stopper, positioned in
the opening, and sealed into the elastomeric stopper using thermoplastic or other
sealing means known in the art. Preferably, the elastomeric stopper and the sealing
membrane are integral with each other and produced by blow molding or other suitable
manufacturing techniques. The sealing membrane is preferably a protuberance residing
in the top half of head portion of the elastomeric stopper and is resembling an M-shaped
configuration comprising: vertical leg portions or cylindrical side wall; a top surface
resembling a cup or U-shaped portion extending downwards and toward the bottom portion
of the elastomeric stopper, forming an M-shaped configuration when taken together
with the cylindrical side walls. The rupturable sealing membrane is of thin, elastomeric
material preferably having a slit in its centre portion which slit does not completely
traverse the centre portion of the rupturable sealing membrane.
[0017] The M-shaped sealing membrane in the elastomeric stopper would collapse, or at least
deform when penetrated by a luer connector, sharp or blunt syringe cannula.
[0018] For preventing such occurrence a rigid, cylindrical housing or male element, open
at both ends are provided to support the M-shaped sealing membrane and also serving
as a receiving (accessing) means for an external access means. Such external access
means is preferably female access means, such as a female luer connector.
[0019] Such external access means are threaded into the male connecting means thereby rupturing
the sealing membrane to establish fluid communication with the content of the container.
[0020] The multiple use universal closure assembly further comprises (3) a cylindrical collar;
and further (4) a removable cap.
[0021] The cylindrical collar, preferably made of metal such as aluminum, is fastened over
the elastomeric stopper and the neck portion of the container to securely hold the
elastomeric stopper in the open end of the container. The cylindrical collar comprises
a central opening in its flat top portion to allow access to the cylindrical opening
in the stopper and to the sealing membrane and receiving means (male element) located
in the cylindrical opening.
[0022] The removable cap covers the flat top and rim portions of the cylindrical collar
and comprises retaining ears which engage the cylindrical collar to maintain the closure
assembly in aseptic condition.
[0023] According to another aspect, the present invention provides a multiple use universal
closure assembly/container combination comprising:
a container;
a multiple use universal closure assembly according to the invention.
[0024] According to another further aspect, the present invention provides a method for
repeatedly accessing a medical fluid contained in a container equipped with the multiple
use universal closure assembly of the present invention comprising the steps of:
i) providing the multiple use universal closure assembly/container combination of
the present invention;
ii) removing the removable cap from the flat top and rim portions of the cylindrical
collar thereby exposing the sealing means and the receiving means in the cylindrical
opening of the elastomeric stopper; and
iii) accessing the medical fluid contained in the container by an external access
means.
[0025] The present invention provides sealing and accessing means for containers such as
bottles or vials made of glass or plastic containing medical fluids, such as x-ray
contrast media and parenteral liquids. The access means of the closure assembly of
the present invention provides for hermetic sealing, safe handling, sterilization
and storing. The sealing means are designed for multiple use so that the medical fluid
can be accessed repeatedly. After each withdrawal of the desired amount of the medical
fluid, the sealing means self-seals itself thereby preventing contamination of the
medical fluid by air-born particles, such as dust and bacteria. For convenience the
invention will be described in combination with glass medicinal bottles. It is to
be understood, however, that the invention includes sealing and receiving (accessing)
means for containers in general which comprise rigid or semi rigid access ports and
are capable of receiving such sealing and access means.
[0026] The container is preferably made of glass, however, it can also be made of polymeric
materials known in the art. The container has a neck portion terminating in an open
end to receive the closure assembly which is inserted in the open end to seal the
content therein and maintain it in sterile and aseptic condition
[0027] While the present invention provides access to medical fluids using various external
access means, it is preferred that the access means comprise no "sharps", such as
in sharp needle cannulas, in order to prevent accidental injuries and transmittance
of contagious diseases, such as AIDS.
[0028] The external access means is preferably a syringe, cartridge or IV tubing having
a female luer connector. However, other access means, such as a syringe having a sharp
or blunt needle cannula or a spike may also be used to rupture the sealing membrane
of the closure assembly.
Brief description of the drawings
[0029] With reference to the annexed drawings, illustrating the invention:
FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a container, a stopper with the multiple use receiving
(access) means, and a cap covering the access means;
FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the container and the stopper with the multiple use
receiving means shown in FIG. 1A without the cap;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the container and the cap shown in FIG. 1A;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the container, the stopper with the multiple use receiving
means without the cap thereon shown in FIG. 1B;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the container, the stopper with the multiple use
access means and the cap covering the receiving means taken along the line 4-4 of
FIG. 1A;
FIG. 4A is a greatly enlarged cross-sectional view of the top of the container, the
stopper with the multiple use receiving means and cap shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 4B is a greatly enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of the top of the M-shaped
multiple use diaphragm shown in FIG. 4A;
FIG. 4C is a top plan view of the M-shaped multiple use diaphragm shown in FIG. 4A;
FIG. 5A is a bottom plan view of the cap removed from the container shown in FIG.
1A;
FIG. 5B is a sectional view of the of the cap removed from the container shown in
FIG.5A;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of a prior art stopper designed to be pierced by a spike;
FIG. 6A is a cross-section of the prior art stopper of FIG. 6;
FIG. 6B is a cross-section of the stopper of the present invention having a cylindrical
protuberance in the centre thereof which constitutes the seal or diaphragm in the
stopper penetrable by various external access means;
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of the multiple use receiving (access) means housing;
FIG. 7A is a cross-section of the multiple use receiving means housing;
FIG. 8 is a cross-section of the stopper, the receiving means housing in the stopper
and elastomeric seal or diaphragm supported by the housing;
FIG. 9 is the cross-sectional view of a stopper used in lyophilization having the
M-shaped multiple use diaphragm therein;
FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the stopper used in lyophilization having the U-shaped
multiple use diaphragm therein shown in cross-sectional view in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 shows a cross-section of a female luer connector with screw threads;
FIG. 12 is a cross-section of a female luer connector which is to engage receiving
means housing shown in FIGS. 7,7A and 8, wherein the female luer connector and receiving
means housing are shown prior to their engagement;
Fig. 12A is a cross-section of the female luer connector partially engaging receiving
means housing and rupturing the elastomeric seal shown in Fig. 12;
FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view of the female luer connector completely engaging
receiving means housing; and
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the female luer connector disengaging receiving
means housing.
Detailed description of the invention
[0030] Referring to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4, and 4A, the container 10 having an open end in
which the multiple use universal stopper is used comprises a neck portion 12, a side
portion 14, and a bottom portion 16. In the open end of neck portion 12 is located
the multiple use universal stopper held securely in place by cylindrical collar 70
having an open area 71 in its top centre portion, said open area being defined by
the circular rim denoted by the numeral 74. Cylindrical collar further comprises a
flat top surface 75 defined by circular rims 74 and 76 and top rim portion 73. Cylindrical
collar 70 is crimped at its bottom rim 72 to neck portion 12 of the container. Flat
top surface 75 is covered by a cylindrical, removable cap 18 which comprises a flat
top portion 20, and a side rim portion 22 which overlaps top rim portion 73 of cylindrical
collar 70. FIG. 1B shows locking ears 50 constituting a part of the universal stopper
which is described later in reference to other Figures as the description of the invention
proceeds.
[0031] Referring to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 5A and 5B, removable cap 18 covers flat top surface 75
and top rim portion 73 of cylindrical collar to maintain open area in top centre portion
71 of cylindrical collar and locking ears 50 in aseption condition during storage.
[0032] Removable cap 18 comprises: side rim portion 22, flexible retaining ears 24, and
retainer button 26. When in place, retaining ears 24 are slid under circular rim 74
in cylindrical collar 70 providing a tight seal between removable cap 18 and flat
top surface 75 of cylindrical collar. Retainer button 26 together with retaining ears
24 also serve to limit expansion of the thin elastomeric membrane or seal during sterilisation.
[0033] Referring to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 4, 4A, 6, 6A, 6B and 8, the open end of the container
10 is to receive an elastomeric stopper 60 having a top surface 63 and a bottom surface
65 and comprises: a head 62 and a skirt 64 integral therewith. The head comprises
a flange 66, extending laterally outwardly from skirt 64 and is designed to cover
the transverse end surface of the container. The elastomeric stopper shown in FIGS.
6 and 6A is conventionally used by the prior art. In the present invention, as best
seen in FIGS. 4A and 8, the elastomeric stopper further comprises: a cylindrical opening
68 in its centre portion defined by cylindrical walls denoted by the numerals 80 and
80'; bottom ring portion denoted by the numerals 82 and 82'; and funnel shaped opening
83 extending downward from the bottom ring portion into the container defined by walls
84 and 84'. Projecting upward towards the top surface 63 of elastomeric stopper 60
is a hollow, vertically-oriented, cylindrical protuberance 85 defined by cylindrical
walls 86 and 86' and top surface 120. Top surface 120, along with cylindrical walls
86 and 86', are designed to serve as the elastomeric seal in the elastomeric stopper.
The cylindrical protuberance is preferably integral with the stopper body such as
produced by blow molding technique or it may be produced separately and sealed into
the central opening defined by walls 80 and 80' in the elastomeric stopper 60.
[0034] The vertically-oriented cylindrical protuberance is of thin, membrane-like material
designed to be ruptured by an external force exerted on the protuberance by an external
access means, such as a luer connector. As best seen in FIGS. 4B and 4C showing in
cross-sectional and top plan views, the cylindrical protuberance is an M-shaped diaphragm
wherein the numerals 86 and 86' denote the leg portions and the numeral 120 denotes
the top surface resembling a cup shape. The lowest point in the top surface 120 is
denoted by the numeral 121 which is the centre point in the cup-shaped portion. At
the centre point 121 there is provided a slit 122 extending from the top surface or
inside surface toward the bottom surface 125 of the cup-shaped portion of the M-shaped
diaphragm. The slit, however, does not penetrate the bottom surface 125. The thickness
between the slit 122 and the intact bottom surface 125 is typically of form about
0.001 to about 2.0 mm. The unpenetrated portion of the membrane denoting its thickness
at the centre portion is denoted by the numeral 127 in FIGS. 4B and 4C. The unpenetrated
membrane maintains the content of the container in sealed condition. In use, when
this membrane is ruptured by an external access means, such as a needle cannula, luer
connector or spike, fluid communication is established between the content of the
container and the external access means. Upon disengaging the external access means
for the multiple use universal stopper, the cup-shaped portion of the diaphragm reseals
itself for the reason that the membrane is resilient and springs back to its original
configuration. As a results the container is re-sealed until the fluid withdrawal
process is repeated.
[0035] In reference to FIGS. 7, 7A and 8, in order to support vertically-oriented cylindrical
protuberance 85 and to provide a means for receiving a male luer connector, a cylindrical
housing or male element (receiving means) generally designated as 100, is provided,
located in the upper centre portion 68 of elastomeric stopper 60. Housing 100 comprises:
cylindrical wall 102 having a top surface 104 and bottom surface 106.
[0036] Cylindrical wall 102 comprises an inside wall 108, an outside wall 110, locking ears
50, and horizontally-oriented bottom portion 112. Locking ears 50 is designed to securely
hold the female element of a luer connector. Horizontally-oriented bottom portion
112 extends into the skirt 64 and sealed thereto at the bottom ring portion 82 and
82' of elastomeric stopper 60.
[0037] The cylindrical protuberance serving as a sealing membrane is of inert gas-impermeable
polymeric material capable of flexing under internal or external pressures such as
exerted during steam sterilisation. Preferably the membrane has a thickness of from
about 0.001 mm to about 2.00 mm and a durometer of from about 25 to about 80 Shore
A. Suitable elastomeric materials for constructing the membrane include:
natural rubber;
acrylate-butadiene rubber;
cis-polybutadiene;
chlorobutyl rubber;
chlorinated polyethylene elastomers;
polyalkylene oxide polymers;
ethylene vinyl acetate;
fluorosilicone rubbers;
hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymers, such as sold
under the tradenames of Fluorel and Viton;
butyl rubbers;
polyisobutene, such as sold under the tradename Vistanex;
synthetic polyisoprene rubber;
silicone rubbers;
styrene-butadiene rubbers;
tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymers; and
thermoplastic-copolyesters.
[0038] The cylindrical M-shaped protuberance is positioned in elastomeric stopper 60 so
that its top surface 120 is spaced about 2 to 3 mm form retainer button 26 of removable
cap 18 when the cap is placed on container 10. The spacing allows the membrane to
flex outwardly under pressure, such as created under heat sterilisation. However,
spacing should not be more than about 2 to 3 mm so that under accidentally high pressures,
bursting of the membrane is prevented by the retaining button 26 of removable cap
18.
[0039] The multiple use universal closure assembly of the present invention may also have
a configuration shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. The stopper of this configuration is used
when lyophilization of the content of the container is desired. Prior to use the lyophilized
content is reconstituted by injecting into the container through the multiple use
universal stopper water, saline or other liquids.
[0040] The universal closure assembly of the present invention is preferably used with an
external female luer connector when fluid communication is desired with the content
of the container stoppered by the universal stopper. A typical female luer connector
140 is shown in FIG. 11 and comprises: cylindrical outside wall 142 and cylindrical
inside wall 143 having an opening in their centre portion for accommodating a tubing
within the inside wall. Cylindrical ring 144 located in the top centre portion of
cylindrical inside wall 143 tightly holds tubing 160 which has a fluid communicating
channel 162.
[0041] Cylindrical inside wall 143 further comprises integral screw threads 146, 148, 150
and 152 which, upon connecting the female luer connector to the male luer connector,
engages locking ears 50 on the housing or male element 100, as shown in FIGS. 7 and
7A. Other type of female luer connectors, such as snap-on connectors may also be used.
[0042] FIG. 12 shows, in cross-sectional view, a syringe having a female luer connector,
which is to engage the multiple use universal stopper in the container 10, wherein
the syringe and universal stopper are shown prior to their engagement. When it is
desired to deliver medical fluid from container 10 to a patient, removable cap 18
is removed by an upward manual pressure exerted on its rim portion 22 thereby exposing
locking ears 50 of the access means housing.
[0043] If the female luer connector of FIG. 11 is used, it is attached to the multiple use
universal closure assembly by twisting motion wherein threads 146, 148, 150 and 152
engage locking ears 50 of access means housing 100. Upon turning the female luer connector
140, end portion of tubing 160 ruptures membrane of the universal stopper to establish
fluid communication with the content of the container.
[0044] FIG. 12A shows, in cross-sectional view, the syringe having the female luer connector
partially engaging the multiple use universal closure assembly.
[0045] FIG. 12B shows, in cross-sectional view, the syringe having the female luer connector
completely engaging the multiple use universal closure assembly.
[0046] FIG. 13 shows, in cross-sectional view, the syringe having the female luer connector
removed from the multiple use universal closure assembly after their engagement.
[0047] The multiple use universal closure assembly can be engaged by an external female
luer connector having a blunt end which engages and ruptures the cylindrical M-shaped
seal in the centre of the multiple use universal closure assembly. However, the multiple
use universal stopper also allows access to the content of the container by a sharp
or blunt needle cannula or a spike.
Materials of Construction and Use
[0048] The elastomeric stopper used in conjunction with the universal stopper of the present
invention is fluid impervious, resilient, and inert without leachable additives therein
in order to prevent any alteration of the product contained in the container. It may
be of a single component or a blend of components. Examples of materials include synthetic
and natural rubbers, such as butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, silicone rubber, halogenated
rubber, ethylene propylene therpolymer and the like. Specific examples of a synthetic
elastomeric rubber include the CH
2CF
2-C
3F
6(C
3F
5H) and the C
2F
4-C
2F
3OCF
3 series of elastomers made by DuPont under the trade names of VITON® and CARLEZ®;
the fluoro-silicone rubbers, such as those made by Dow Corning under the trade name
of SILASTIC®; and polyisobutylenes, such as VISTANEX MML-100 and MML-140; and halogenated
butyl rubber, such as CHLOROBUTYL 1066, made by Exxon Chemical Company.
[0049] These or other suitable elastomers may be made into the desired stopper configuration
by known methods. Such methods conventionally include the use of a curing agent, a
stabilizer and a filler and comprise a primary and a secondary curing step at elevated
temperatures.
[0050] The container used in conjunction with the present invention may be of glass or a
polymeric material, i.e., plastic, which are well known in the pharmaceutical industry.
[0051] When the container is made of glass, it is in the shape of a vial or bottle. The
vial or bottle is of rigid or semi-flexible polymeric material. In all shapes the
container is provided with a neck portion which is rigid and retains its configuration
so that it is capable of being hermetically sealed by the elastomeric universal stopper
of the present invention. The container may have a volume capacity of from 5 ml to
1000 ml or more, preferably about 10 ml to 500 ml.
[0052] The mouth of the container is to receive the multiple use universal closure assembly.
The external diameter of the stopper is slightly larger than the internal diameter
of the neck of the container so that on insertion of the multiple use universal stopper
into the mouth of the container, a tight, hermetic seal is achieved.
[0053] The cylindrical collar is preferably made of metal, such as aluminum, while the housing
is made of hard plastic known by the prior art and used in conjunction with pharmaceutical
fluids.
[0054] Prior to use, the container and component parts of the closure are sterilised and
the container is filled with a pharmaceutical fluid, such as a parenteral solution.
The multiple use universal stopper is inserted, hermetically sealing the content of
the container. Cylindrical collar is then crimped onto the container to securely hold
the multiple use universal closure assembly in the container. Lastly, the removable
cap is snapped onto the cylindrical collar to complete the closing of the container.

[0055] The present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiment
shown in the drawings, however, various changes and modifications will be apparent
to those skilled in the art.
1. A multiple use universal closure assembly, allowing repeatedly access to a medical
fluid contained in a container (10), comprising:
an elastomeric stopper (60) comprising sealing means able of self-sealing after each
withdrawal of medical fluid; and
receiving means for conventional external accessing means;
2. The universal closure assembly of claim 1, wherein said elastomeric stopper (60) for
hermetically sealing a container (10) at its open end comprises:
a head portion (62);
a skirt portion (64);
a cylindrical opening (68) in the centre of said head (62) and skirt (64) portions;
and
said sealing means.
3. The universal closure according to claims 1-2, wherein said sealing means is integral
with said elastomeric stopper.
4. The universal closure according to claims 1-3, wherein said sealing means is a protuberance
(85) residing in the top half of head portion of the elastomeric stopper (60).
5. The multiple use universal closure assembly according to claims 1-4, wherein said
sealing means is a rupturable membrane resembling an M-shaped configuration.
6. The universal closure of claim 5, wherein said self-sealing rupturable membrane resembling
an M-shaped configuration comprises: vertical leg portions (86, 86'); a top surface
(120) resembling a cup or U-shaped portion extending downwards and toward the bottom
portion of the elastomeric stopper (60), forming an M-shaped configuration when taken
together with the leg portions (86, 86'); said rupturable sealing membrane being made
of thin, elastomeric material having a slit (122) in its centre portion which slit
(122) does not completely traverse the bottom portion (125) of the rupturable sealing
membrane.
7. The universal closure according to claims 5-6, wherein said rupturable membrane is
of inert, gas-impermeable polymeric material selected from the group consisting of:
natural rubber;
acrylate-butadiene rubber;
cis-polybutadiene;
chlorobutyl rubber;
chlorinated polyethylene elastomers;
polyalkylene oxide polymers;
ethylene vinyl acetate;
fluorosilicone rubbers;
hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymers;
butyl rubbers;
polyisobutene;
synthetic polyisoprene rubber;
silicone rubbers;
styrene-butadiene rubbers;
tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymers; and
thermoplastic-copolyesters
8. The universal closure assembly according to claims 5-7, wherein said rupturable membrane
has a thickness of from about 0.001 mm to about 1.00 mm and a durometer of from about
25 to about 80 Shore A.
9. The universal closure assembly according to claims 5-8, wherein said rupturable membrane
reseals itself after puncture by an external access means.
10. The universal closure assembly according to claim 1, wherein said receiving means
allows connection with any conventional external access means such as cartridge or
iv tubing equipped with a female luer connector (140) or a syringe having sharp or
blunt needle cannula or sharp and blunt spikes.
11. The universal closure assembly according to claim 10, wherein said receiving means
receives an external female access means.
12. The universal closure assembly according to claim 11, wherein said external female
access means is a female luer connector (140).
13. The universal closure assembly according to claim 1, wherein said receiving mean is
a cylindrical housing (100).
14. The closure assembly according to claim 13, wherein said cylindrical housing (100)
is located in the upper centre portion of elastomeric stopper (60) and comprising:
cylindrical walls (102) having a top surface (104) and bottom surface (106); said
cylindrical wall (102) comprises an inside wall (108), an outside wall (110), locking
ears (50), and horizontally-oriented bottom portion (112); said locking ears (50)
is designed to securely hold the female luer connector (140).
15. The universal closure assembly according to claims 1-14, further comprising a cylindrical
collar (70) fastened over a portion of said elastomeric stopper (70) and neck portion
(12) of a container (10) to securely hold the elastomeric stopper (60) in the open
end of the container (10), said cylindrical collar (70) having a central opening in
its flat top portion to allow access to receiving means and sealing means located
in the centre portion of the elastomeric stopper (100).
16. The universal closure assembly according to claims 1-15, further comprising a removable
cap (18) covering the flat top (20) and rim (22) portions of said cylindrical collar
(70).
17. A multiple use universal closure assembly/container combination comprising:
a container (10); and
a multiple use universal closure assembly according to claims 1-16.
18. A universal closure assembly/container combination comprising:
a container (10) containing a medical fluid therein, having a neck portion (12) terminating
in an open end; and
(b) said closure assembly, inserted into the open end of said container (10) comprises:
(1) an elastomeric stopper (60) for hermetically sealing the container (10) at its
open end comprising:
a head portion (62);
a skirt portion (64);
a cylindrical opening (68) in the centre of said head (62) and skirt (64) portions;
a hollow, vertically oriented thin elastomeric protuberance (85) serving as a diaphragm
for sealing the opening in the centre portion of the elastomeric stopper (60) designed
to be ruptured by an external force, said elastomeric protuberance (85) having a generally
M-shaped configuration comprising: vertical leg portions (86, 86'); a top surface
(120) resembling a cup or U-shaped portion extending downwards and toward the bottom
portion of the elastomeric stopper (60), forming an M-shaped configuration when taken
together with the leg portions (86, 86'); said rupturable sealing membrane being made
of thin, elastomeric material having a slit (122) in its centre portion which slit
(122) does not completely traverse the bottom portion (125) of the rupturable sealing
membrane;
(2) a rigid, cylindrical housing (100) having open ends enclosing said vertically
oriented thin elastomeric protuberance (85) to support said vertically oriented thin
elastomeric protuberance (85) and to serve as means for receiving and engaging a female
luer connector (140) whereby an external force moves the female luer connector (140)
which penetrates the thin elastomeric protuberance (85) to establish fluid communication
with the medical fluid contained in said container (10), said rigid cylindrical housing
(100) comprising: cylindrical walls having a top portion 104) and a bottom portion
(106), said top portion (104) having locking ears (50) designed to hold a female element
of a luer connector (140), and said bottom portion (106) sealed into the skirt portion
(64) of the elastomeric stopper (60);
(3) a cylindrical collar (70) fastened over a portion of the elastomeric stopper (60)
and neck portion (12) of the container (10) to securely hold the elastomeric stopper
(60) in the open end of the container (10), said cylindrical collar (70) having a
central opening in its flat top portion to allow access to the elastomeric protuberance
(85) and the rigid cylindrical housing (100) located in the centre portion of said
elastomeric stopper (60); and
said removable cap (18) covering the flat top (75) and rim (73) portions of said cylindrical
collar (70) comprising retaining ears engaging said cylindrical collar (70) to maintain
said closure assembly in aseptic condition.
19. The combination according to claim 18, wherein said rupturable membrane is of inert,
gas-impermeable polymeric material selected from the group consisting of:
natural rubber;
acrylate-butadiene rubber;
cis-polybutadiene;
chlorobutyl rubber;
chlorinated polyethylene elastomers;
polyalkylene oxide polymers;
ethylene vinyl acetate;
fluorosilicone rubbers;
hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymers;
butyl rubbers;
polyisobutene;
synthetic polyisoprene rubber;
silicone rubbers;
styrene-butadiene rubbers;
tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymers; and
thermoplastic-copolyesters
20. The combination according to claims 18-19, wherein said rupturable membrane has a
thickness of from about 0.001 mm to about 1.00 mm and a durometer of from about 25
to about 80 Shore A.
21. The combination according to claims 18-20, wherein said rupturable membrane reseals
itself after puncture by a external access means.
22. A method for repeatedly accessing a medical fluid contained in a container, accessible
with various external access means, equipped with a multiple use universal closure
assembly comprising the steps of:
providing a multiple use universal closure assembly/container combination comprising
a container and a multiple use universal closure assembly; said closure assembly comprising:
(1) an elastomeric stopper (60) comprising sealing means able of self-sealing after
each withdrawal of medical fluid; and
(2) receiving means for external accessing means;
ii) removing the removable cap (18) from the flat top (75) and rim portions (73) of
the cylindrical collar (70) thereby exposing the sealing means and the receiving means
in the cylindrical opening of the elastomeric stopper (60); and
iii) accessing the medical fluid contained in the container (10) by an external access
means.
23. The method according to claim 22, wherein said elastomeric stopper (60) for hermetically
sealing a container (10) at its open end comprises:
a head portion (62);
a skirt portion (64);
a cylindrical opening (100) in the centre of said head (62) and skirt (64) portions;
and
said sealing means.
24. The method according to claims 22-23, wherein said sealing means is integral with
said elastomeric stopper (60).
25. The method according to claims 22-24, wherein said sealing means is a protuberance
(85) residing in the top half of head portion of the elastomeric stopper (60).
26. The method according to claims 22-25, wherein said sealing means is a rupturable membrane
resembling an M-shaped configuration.
27. The method according to claim 26, wherein said self-sealing rupturable membrane resembling
an M-shaped configuration comprising: vertical leg portions (86, 86'); a top surface
(120) resembling a cup or U-shaped portion extending downwards and toward the bottom
portion of the elastomeric stopper (60), forming an M-shaped configuration when taken
together with the leg portions (86, 86'); said rupturable sealing membrane being made
of thin, elastomeric material having a slit (122) in its centre portion which slit
(122) does not completely traverse the bottom portion (125) of the rupturable sealing
membrane.
28. The method according to claims 26-27, wherein said rupturable membrane is of inert,
gas-impermeable polymeric material selected from the group consisting of:
natural rubber;
acrylate-butadiene rubber;
cis-polybutadiene;
chlorobutyl rubber;
chlorinated polyethylene elastomers;
polyalkylene oxide polymers;
ethylene vinyl acetate;
fluorosilicone rubbers;
hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymers;
butyl rubbers;
polyisobutene;
synthetic polyisoprene rubber;
silicone rubbers;
styrene-butadiene rubbers;
tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymers; and
thermoplastic-copolyesters
29. The method according to claims 26-28, wherein said rupturable membrane has a thickness
of from about 0.001 mm to about 1.00 mm and a durometer of from about 25 to about
80 Shore A.
30. The method according to claims 26-29, wherein said rupturable membrane reseals itself
after puncture by a external access means.
31. The method according to claim 22, wherein said receiving means allows connection with
any conventional external access means such as cartridge or iv tubing equipped with
a female luer connector or a syringe having sharp or blunt needle cannula or sharp
and blunt spikes.
32. The method according to claim 31, wherein said receiving means receives an external
female access means.
33. The method according to claim 32, wherein said external female access means is a female
luer connector.
34. The method according to claim 22, wherein said medical fluid is a therapeutic liquid.
35. The method according to claim 22, wherein said medical fluid is a diagnostic liquid.
36. The method according to claim 22, wherein said medical fluid is a nutritional liquid.
37. The method according to claims 22-35, wherein the lyophilized content is reconstituted
by injecting into the container through, said multiple use universal closure assembly,
water, saline or other liquids.