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(11) | EP 0 987 965 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
AIR CUSHION LUFTKISSEN COUSSIN PNEUMATIQUE |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
Background of the Invention
[0001] Common sportswear such as sneakers, protective pads, helmets, etc, have used traditional sponge, foam rubber, or polymer compositions as shock-absorbing materials. Air inflated cushions have gradually been taking the place of these traditional materials, utilizing gas or liquid contained in an air cushion for absorbing shocks.
[0002] An air cushion is generally made of two sheets placed one on the other and sealed tightly at outer circumferential edges to form a hollow interior inflated with a gas or a liquid. Another kind of air cushion is made by means of an injection molding process to produce a three dimensional air cushion with a hollow interior and then inflating air chambers provided therein with a gas or a liquid. US4 187 620 discloses a similar air cushion.
[0003] A cushion as shown in Figure 1 is made of two sheets placed one on the other and fused together to have an upper flat surface. When a shock is imparted to its surface, it is received on a spot of the cushion and then dispersed gradually to other surfaces. This kind of cushion absorbs only a little shock, and therefore required for energy dispersion is comparatively large. In addition, its center of gravity is high so that instability produced by shock is accordingly increased.
[0004] As can be understood from the stabilizing principles of physics, a cushion with a flat surface can barely support an exterior high force. Such a cushion can only have a shock-absorbing function for an object the cushion is protecting.
[0005] A hollow three dimensional cushion as shown in Figure 2, made by means of an injection molding process, may have a curved upper surface for contacting an object protected by it, but the cushion does not have a structure of shape memorization, and has to rely on an exterior layer added on its surface to form its upper curved surface. The whole curved surface of the cushion is nearly under the lower surface of the object protected, i.e. a shocking surface so that when a shock or a pressure is added to the surface of the cushion by the object, the shock or pressure force cannot be dispersed to two sides, as the cushion is provided with no higher side walls than the height of the cushion. Therefore a shock energy it receives is only temporarily converted into a side effect, limited in absorbing and stabilizing shock, which is not an ideal structure for a cushion.
Summary of the Invention
[0006] The main purpose of the invention is to offer an air cushion with a better structure for shock-absorbing and stability.
[0007] A three dimensional air cushion according to the invention is shown in Figure 3, intended to have the following advantages.
- 1. Comparatively higher sides, two or three of which are provided with air chambers extending from a center portion so that the air cushion and an object it protects may contact with a curved surface so that dispersion of a surface receiving shock may be increased to minimize moving shock energy, and to maximize a compressible area, and consequently to obtain the largest shock-absorbing effect.
- 2. It can sufficiently convert shock energy added on an intermediate upper surface into outer side support energy.
- 3. When shock or pressure disappears, the side support energy can completely return to the point of the shock, forming a rebound energy producing an excellent rebounding effect.
[0008] The buffer-functioning and shock-absorbing effect of air cushions according to the invention has been tested by SATRA FOOTWEAR TECHNOLOGY CENTER in England, and proved to be so far the best structural design for practical use.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0009] This invention will be better understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional air cushion with an upper flat surface as in the present invention;
Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional air cushion with an upper curved-down surface as in the present invention;
Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a first preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 4a is an alternate embodiment of the first preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I in Figure 4a;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a third preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 10 is a perspective view of a fourth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is a perspective view of a fifth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in Figure 12;
Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of a sixth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a seventh preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of various air cushions of the invention practically utilized in a sneaker;
Figure 17 is a perspective view of a eighth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Figure 18 is a perspective view of a ninth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention; and
Figure 19 is a perspective view of a tenth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention;
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
[0010] A three dimensional air cushion of the present invention can be formed as a heel air cushion as shown in Figure 4, a foot bottom air cushion as shown in Figure 10 or a shoe sole air cushion as shown in Figure 12, not limited in its shape, and adaptable to sneakers, protective pads, helmets, etc.
[0011] A first preferred embodiment of a three dimensional air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figures 4, 4a, 5 and 6, includes a plurality of independent air chambers 10 or communicated air chambers 10 with passageways 11. Every air chamber 10 can extend to two opposite sides of the cushion body 1, forming a three dimensional inner upper surface an a lower flat smooth curved surface not protruding into the air chambers 10. The sealed peripheral edge of the cushion body 1 can be of a geometric shape. The hollow interior surrounded by the sealed peripheral edge has a projected surface area smaller than the upper surface area of the cushion body 1. The cushion body 1 is of a curved shape occupying a three dimensional space, adaptable to be inwardly recessed or having swollen curved cushions.
[0012] A second preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, includes a cushion body 1, a plurality of air chambers as the first preferred embodiment, with one or more recessed elongated grooves 12 provided in a lower surface so as to form a three dimensional recessed surface, and the upper surface is formed flat and smooth with a curvature.
[0013] A third preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, is formed almost the same as the second preferred embodiment, but with one or more elongated grooves 12 formed both on the upper surface and the lower surface.
[0014] A fourth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 10 and 11, includes a cushion body 1, formed to support a foot bottom, having elongated grooves 12 formed in an upper surface or in a lower surface as shown in Figure 8, or in both the upper and the lower surface as shown in Figure 9. As this foot bottom air cushion is to be fixed in an intermediate portion of a sneaker, the two opposite sides are curved upwardly in a preset angle, different from the three dimensionally curved inward or swollen air cushion described above. The special feature of this air cushion is that the inner surface area is smaller than the outer surface area, and each elongated groove 12 of each air chamber 10 has two ends with a projected line extending nearly vertically to the projected elevational surface of the groove.
[0015] A fifth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figures 12 and 13 includes an air cushion for use in a toe region of a foot bottom.
[0016] A sixth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 14, includes an outer layer 2 of a different material from the cushion body 1 added on the cushion body 1 of the first preferred embodiment, but also adaptable to other air cushions.
[0017] A seventh preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 15 includes an outer layer 2 of a different material from the cushion body 1 added on the cushion body of the third preferred embodiment shown in Figure 9.
[0018] The air chambers 10 provided in a cushion body 1 of the various preferred embodiments can be filled with a gas, or a liquid, as the air cushion 1 itself is a hollow sealed body. In addition, a one-way air valve and pump device may be attached with the air cushion body 1 for filling its interior with a needed pressure with a gas or a liquid.
[0019] An eighth, ninth and tenth preferred embodiment of an air cushion of the present invention, as shown in Figure 17-19, includes a fluid inlet 15, including a valve 13 (as shown in Figure 17) or two valves 13 (as shown in Figure 18) located on opposite sides of a pump device 14.
[0020] Figure 16 shows the three air cushions shown in Figures 4, 10 and 12, adapted to be used on a sneaker. The air cushions can be used without or with an outer layer added, with a wide variation of details. Besides, recessed grooves in an upper surface and/or a lower surface can be made independent or connected with each other.
[0021] Referring to Figure 3, the air chambers 10 of the air cushion 1 extend to two curved-up opposite sides, having a curved surface contacting an object protected by it, increasing the dispersing shock-bearing surface to produce a minimum moving of shock energy and comparatively large compressible dimensions to produce maximum shock-absorbing effect. When the air cushion 1 receives a downward shock, the shock pressure will disperse to the two higher sides so that the two opposite higher sides receive larger pressure to produce a clamping effect against the object or the shock source. Then the object, for example a foot, will be moved to the center of the air cushion. In other words, the air cushion can automatically clamp the object or the shock source towards its center and consequently obtain the largest stability. If the shock disappears, the dispersed pressure to the two sides will move back to the location of the shock, forming a rebounding force, and thus giving the air cushion an excellent shock-absorbing function.
a plurality of interconnected sealed air chambers (10) each having a defined peripheral edge,
said plurality of interconnected air chambers (10) together defining a central air chamber portion, two opposite side edges, a leading edge and a trailing edge,
said plurality of interconnected air chambers (10) extending upwardly from said central air chamber portion and entirely along a longitudinal axis of said plurality of interconnected air chambers and entirely along at least one edge and including said two opposite side edges.
eine Mehrzahl untereinander verbundener versiegelter Luftkammern (10), die jeweils einen festgelegten peripheren Rand haben,
wobei die Mehrzahl untereinander verbundener Luftkammern (10) gemeinsam einen zentralen Luftkammerabschnitt, zwei gegenüberliegende Seitenränder, einen vorderen Rand und einen hinteren Rand definiert,
wobei sich die Mehrzahl untereinander verbundener Luftkammern (10) aufwärts vom zentralen Luftkammerabschnitt aus und vollständig entlang einer Längsachse der Mehrzahl untereinander verbundener Luftkammern und vollständig entlang zumindest einem Rand und einschließlich der beiden gegenüberliegenden Seitenränder erstreckt.
une pluralité de chambres à air interconnectées scellées (10) ayant chacune un bord périphérique défini,
ladite pluralité de chambres à air interconnectées (10) définissant ensemble une portion de chambre d'air centrale, deux bords latéraux opposés, un bord avant et un bord arrière,
ladite pluralité de chambres à air interconnectées (10) s'étendant vers le haut depuis ladite portion de chambre à air centrale et entièrement le long d'un axe longitudinal de ladite pluralité de chambres à air interconnectées et entièrement le long d'au moins un bord et incluant lesdits deux bords latéraux opposés.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description