The present invention regards a corpse cremation plant.
The crematory furnace and respective loader are also an object of this invention as parts of said plant.
In prior art different types of crematory furnaces with different structures and functions whose yield is anyway always limited are known.
A purpose of this invention is that of improving their performances. The use of loading the coffins in crematory furnace either manually or by lifting trucks or by very complicate equipment, generally unsuitable for handling the box containing the coffin is known.
The manual operation involves the need of turning off the furnace and make it even partially cool, the extraction from the still working or anyway still burning furnace being impossible and anyway dangerous. Furthermore, in the conventional furnaces having a rear ash discharge and a cleaning door placed outside of the furnace axis for the simultaneous presence of the primary burner aligned with the post-combustion upper one and with the bottom lower one, some typical triangle shaped areas are formed in the crematory chamber corners, avoiding the ash total removal and collection for each corpse.
GB.2180630.A (Furnace Construction Co Limited) - 1 April 1987 discloses a cremator comprising a main crematory chamber with a hot sole realising beneath an underlying chamber, both chambers intercommunicating directly with the chimney; burner means being provided onto the bottom wall.
US-4401038A (SEGREST WILLIAM) 30 August 1983, discloses a bottom siphon burnt smokes discharging area, realised by a pending partition wall. Said bottom zone being realised not for post-combustion purposes, but for smoke flow purposes only.
FR2614392A (HURET CHRISTIAN) 28 October 1988, discloses a main crematory chamber with underlying chamber as per GB.2180630.
GB-2032596-A-(DOWSON & MASON LTD) , 8 May 1980, discloses a main crematory chamber with underlying chamber as per GB.2180630, with passing through structure and double burner means: one on the main crematory chamber and one on the underlying chamber, both applied on the same side of the structure.
US-A-4321878-A-(SEGREST WILLIAM) 30 March 1982, discloses a main crematory chamber with underlying chamber as per GB.2180630, with chimney burnt smoke flow, placed sideways of the superimposed crematory chambers.
A purpose of the present invention is that of also obviating the above mentioned drawbacks and increase performance.
As claimed, the problem is solved by means of a corpse crematory plant, with the features of claim 1.
Thus a combustion bottom with the specific function of increasing the crematory potential and of avoiding the organic liquid spilling is obtained, and not only the functionality but also the combustion yield are increased.
The post-combustion chamber is placed downstream of the crematory chamber, thus obtaining the advantage of having both the crematory bottom warm and the downstream post-combustion of the smokes before they are conveyed to the chimney.
In fact the post-combustion area has the function of ensuring the total oxidation of the crematory smokes thanks to a high temperature (850-950°C), a suitable stay time (1 or 2 sec.) and a high turbulence condition (O2>6%).
The furnace is functionally equipped with an oleodynamical lifter which by means of a longitudinal telescopic developed support provided for the automatic introduction of the coffin into the crematory chamber, said support involving at the end a scraper able to recover the ashes from the previous cremation.
Thus, the working cycle is sped up and also the total yield is increased. The coffin loader for crematory furnaces, hereinafter called loader, also avoids the use of industrial equipment such as the lifting trucks for the box handling.
These and other advantages will appear from the following detailed description of preferred embodiment solutions with the aid of the enclosed drawings whose execution details are not to be considered as limitative but are only given as examples.
Figure 1,2,3 show three side elevation views of the loader according to the respective functioning.
Figure 4 shows a front view of the loader.
Figure 5 and 6 show two top views of the loader bearing structure, in which the moving system and the structure beneath the conveying plane and above it are shown.
Figures 7 and 8 show a first version of crematory furnace according to this invention with a full feature of the post-combustion bottom chamber.
Referring to figures 7 to 8 concerning the furnace structure, it may be noticed that:
The crematory hot sole has the function of increasing the plant's capacity and of avoiding the organic liquid 8 spilling.
The burners are substantially provided in the main crematory chamber (main combustion chamber 7"). Additional burners are provided in the underlying chamber (8").
The post-combustion happens either beneath said hot sole or at the end of both into said bottom chamber (9).
The post-combustion chamber provided at the bottom is aligned after the main crematory chamber (7) and underlying chamber (8), integrated into a bottom single-block structure 9-9"' with a smoke return wall 9' and post-burner 9".
Referring to figures 1 to 6 concerning the loader, it may be noticed that with 1 is indicated the loader base structure and with 2 and 4 are indicated two quadrangularly 41,42-21,22 engaged oscillating parallel uprights, operated for the lowering and lifting by tilting by a fluidynamical cylinder 3 with station 31 and support plane 5 and movable plane 6.
The coffin discharge is completely automatic by means of a control electric board, endowed with the interlocks necessary for the crematory process, for avoiding inconsistent actions. The electric board, endowed with emergency control, may work both automatically and manually. Pushing the loading button, the loader rests the coffin in the combustion chamber in 20" and goes back to its starting position in other 20".
The times are set by means of flow adjustment valves installed on the oleodynamical station.
The loader is steadily anchored to the transit plane by some expansion bolts passing through the section bars resting on the base structure 1.
Coffin insertion into the combustion chamber:
When the loader is in the highest elevation position, the loader's upper plane is made slide forwards controlled by a chain moved by an hydraulic motor 31 which also controls the piston 3.
When the upper plane 6 is completely advanced, the coffins is positioned in the combustion chamber. The lifting piston further pushes the plane forwards, lowering it. Thus, the box is laid on the combustion chamber base plane.
The base plane is withdrawn by the motor driven chain and goes back to its starting position.
The loader is endowed with respective mechanical limit switches for detecting the described positions:
This is the loader's cycle starting and end position.
Is the position which precedes the coffin insertion into the combustion chamber.
After the loader has reached the maximum elevation point, the base plane (6) insertion into the combustion chamber starts. FC3 signals the base plane stroke completion.
When the base plane has ended its stroke, the loader starts its pantograph movement again and lays the coffin on the plane of the combustion chamber; at this point the base plane may be withdrawn.
This is the base plane (6) rest position, at this point the pantograph movement may be carried out in the reverse direction for returning to the loader resting conditions.
The pantograph movement is realised by the oleodynamical piston 3.
The base plane advancement is realised by a hydraulic motor driven chain movement 31. The advancement speed of the base plane 6 is adjusted by flow adjustment valves.
The loader is endowed with an oleodynamical station with a 10 litres tank and a pump having Pi = 2,2 KW and Pa = 1,7 KW.
A buffering carter having a double aesthetical and safety function for avoiding the operators to contact the mechanical parts which activate the loader, which result completely closed inside of the same carter is provided.
As claimed the end of the loader's (6) telescopic development platform has a lower point scraper, which lowered on the crematory furnace (7) plane, once the cremation has occurred, allows the ash recovery.
For such a purpose an ash falling and extraction opening may be provided 7".
The crematory chamber shape of the furnace allows a complete cleaning of the ashes on the whole bottom surface without creating preferential areas and paths thanks to the cleaning from the front load door.
The characteristics which the furnace solution have in common are:
Further characteristics concern:
Said crematory furnace always involves a carbon steel structure for containing the secondary burner and the fan having an acoustic insulating function opposed to the loading area (9).
Advantageously said containing bottom structure (9) is placed after an intermediate chamber (9") with smoke deviation wall (9') and post-combustion (9"), thus realising a post-combustion area placed on the bottom. Said crematory furnace thus involves a burner (9) containing structure, an intermediate post-combustion chamber (9"') endowed with opposite smoke deviation walls (9') and post-combustion burner (9") substantially placed before the smoke discharge towards the chimney and directed towards a post-combustion pre-chamber limited by a partition wall hanging from the top (9').
Thus the forced path followed by the smokes towards the chimney eases the falling and oxidation of the not yet burnt rough particles. In such solution the smoke outlet occurs from the top;
In such a case the crematory chamber burner (7") is placed upstream of the loading door (7'), and it is directed downstream where the coffin is positioned.