[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a cathode-ray tube used for
television receivers, computer displays, and the like.
[0002] In general, formation of a screen layer according to a method for producing a cathode-ray
tube includes forming a phosphor layer on a panel inner surface with a carbon layer
formed thereon, coating the phosphor layer with a filming liquid and drying the filming
liquid with a heater, air, or the like to form a filming layer on the phosphor layer,
forming a metal layer on the filming layer by vapor deposition, and heating the resultant
layered structure to a temperature at which an organic material in the filming layer
is decomposed, thereby removing the filming layer.
[0003] Furthermore, in order to improve the adhesion of the phosphor layer with respect
to the panel inner surface, the panel inner surface having the carbon layer formed
thereon is precoated with polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter, referred to as "PVA") to
be a protective layer before forming the phosphor layer. For example, the phosphor
layer is formed on the panel inner surface as follows: the panel inner surface having
the carbon layer formed thereon is precoated with PVA; the resultant panel inner surface
is coated with a coating solution for forming the phosphor layer, followed by drying;
the phosphor layer is exposed to light through a shadow mask having a pattern to obtain
an exposed area and an unexposed area; and the phosphor layer in the unexposed area
is removed by development using pure water or the like, whereby red, blue, and green
phosphor layers are formed in predetermined areas.
[0004] In recent years, with higher definition of a cathode-ray tube, degradation of color
purity becomes more noticeable. According to the above-mentioned method for producing
a cathode-ray tube, the panel inner surface having the carbon layer formed thereon
is precoated with PVA before forming a phosphor layer; therefore, adhesion of the
phosphor layer with respect to the panel inner surface is improved. However, in the
course of development using pure water or the like, a part of the phosphor layer remains
in an unexposed area, which causes "color fogging" (i.e., the color of the phosphor
layer is mixed with that of another phosphor layer in the subsequent step), resulting
in deterioration of the color purity of a cathode-ray tube.
[0005] Furthermore, since PVA is polymer resin, the spreadability (hereinafter, referred
to as "wettability") of a coating solution for a phosphor layer is poor over the entire
panel inner surface coated with PVA. This causes coating unevenness visible to the
naked eye, such as irregular line patterns, bubble patterns and fiber patterns. The
irregular line patterns are formed in a radial shape on the surface of the phosphor
layer. The irregular bubble patterns are formed in the phosphor layer. The irregular
fiber patterns are formed as follows: threadlike fibers are formed in the shape of
a spider web on the periphery of a coating unit, while the panel inner surface is
coated with PVA, and they adhere to the panel inner surface to appear on the surface
of the phosphor layer as irregular fiber patterns. The occurrence of such coating
unevenness decreases the brightness of a cathode-ray tube.
[0006] Therefore, with the foregoing in mind, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a method for producing a cathode-ray tube in which a screen layer with less
color fogging and coating unevenness is formed and color purity and brightness can
be enhanced.
[0007] According to a method for producing a cathode-ray tube of the present invention,
a panel inner surface having a carbon layer formed thereon is coated (precoated) with
a solution containing a nonionic surfactant, and thereafter, a phosphor layer is formed
on the panel inner surface.
[0008] According to the production method of the present invention, a screen layer can be
formed in which the wettability of a phosphor layer is improved over the entire panel
inner surface, and color fogging and coating unevenness hardly occur.
[0009] These and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those
skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the following detailed description
with reference to the accompanying figures.
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the relevant portions of an embodiment
of a glass panel of a cathode-ray tube in a method for producing a cathode-ray tube
of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the production method of the
present invention.
[0010] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a production method according to the present
invention will be described.
[0011] An HLB (hydrophile-lipophile balance) of a nonionic surfactant is preferably 10 to
18. When the HLB is too low, coating unevenness called "repellence" occurs during
coating, and when the HLB is too high, a defoaming property is degraded during foaming.
[0012] Specifically, it is preferable that the nonionic surfactant contains a sorbitan ester.
More specifically, it is preferable that the nonionic surfactant contains polyoxyethylene
sorbitan fatty acid ester. It is preferable that the solution containing polyoxyethylene
sorbitan fatty acid ester is an aqueous solution containing polyoxyethylene sorbitan
fatty acid ester. Furthermore, the concentration of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty
acid ester in this solution is preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.
[0013] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of an embodiment with
reference to the drawings.
[0014] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the relevant portions of a glass panel
of a cathode-ray tube produced by a method for producing a cathode-ray tube in Embodiment
of the present invention.
[0015] A glass panel 1 has a carbon layer 6, phosphor layers 3a, 3b, and 3c (corresponding
to Green, Blue, and Red, respectively), a lacquer layer 4, and an aluminum layer 5,
formed on an inner surface (panel inner surface) 2 in this order.
[0016] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a method for producing
a cathode-ray tube of the present invention.
[0017] First, the glass panel 1 is washed in a panel washing step 7. Thereafter, the panel
inner surface 2 is coated with, for example, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone -bisazide type
photosensitive solution (PVP type photosensitive solution) in a photosensitive solution
coating step 8, followed by drying in a drying step 9. The glass panel 1 coated with
the photosensitive layer is exposed to light through a shadow mask having a plurality
of dot-shaped holes in a light-exposure step 10 so that the photosensitive layer will
remain in areas for forming green, blue, and red phosphor layers 3a, 3b, and 3c, and
developed in a developing step 11. Thus, the photosensitive layer is allowed to remain
only in the areas where the green, blue, and red phosphor layers 3a, 3b, and 3c will
be formed.
[0018] Next, the panel inner surface 2 is coated with, for example, liquid containing carbon
particles in a carbon coating step 12, followed by drying in a drying step 13. Thereafter,
only the photosensitive layer previously formed on the panel inner surface 2 is selectively
removed in a developing step 14. Thus, a carbon layer 6 is formed only in a region
other than the areas where the green, blue, and red phosphor layers 3a, 3b, and 3c
will be formed.
[0019] Next, in a spraying step 15, an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant (preferably,
polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester) having a concentration of 0.1 to 1.0% by
weight, diluted with pure water, is sprayed onto the panel inner surface 2 with the
carbon layer 6 formed thereon, followed by drying.
[0020] Then, in a phosphor coating step 16, the resultant panel inner surface 2 having the
carbon layer 6 formed thereon is coated with a coating solution that is a mixture
of green (first color) phosphor particles, PVA, and ammonium bichromate, followed
by drying in a drying step 17. Then, the resultant panel inner surface 2 is exposed
to light through a shadow mask in a light-exposure step 18. High-pressure hot pure
water is poured over the panel inner surface 2 in a developing step 19 so as to peel
off the green phosphor layer in an unexposed area formed in the phosphor coating step
16, whereby a green phosphor layer 3a is formed in a predetermined area.
[0021] Next, the phosphor coating step 16, the drying step 17, the light-exposure step 18,
and the developing step 19 are repeated in the same way as above to form a blue (second
color) phosphor layer 3b in a predetermined area. Similarly, the coating step 16,
the drying step 17, the light-exposure step 18, and the developing step 19 are repeated
to form a red (third color) phosphor layer 3c in a predetermined area.
[0022] Next, the panel inner surface 2 having the green, blue, and red phosphor layers 3a,
3b, and 3c formed thereon is coated with a lacquer coating solution in a coating step
20, followed by drying in a drying step 21. Then, an aluminum layer 5 is formed on
the panel inner surface 2 with the lacquer layer 4 formed thereon by vapor deposition
of aluminum in a vapor deposition step 22.
[0023] Then, the glass panel 1 with the aluminum layer 5 formed thereon is heated in a heating
furnace at 400°C to 450°C in a baking step 23, whereby an organic material in the
lacquer layer 4 is decomposed for removal of the lacquer layer 4. Consequently, a
screen layer is obtained in which the carbon layer 6, the phosphor layers 3a, 3b,
and 3c, and the aluminum layer 5 are formed in this order on the panel inner surface
2.
[0024] According to the method for producing a cathode-ray tube of the present invention,
the panel inner surface 2 having the carbon layer 6 formed thereon is precoated with
a diluted aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester. Therefore,
a screen layer can be formed in which the wettability of the phosphor layers 3a, 3b,
and 3c is improved over the entire panel inner surface 2, and color fogging and coating
unevenness such as irregular line, bubble and fiber patterns hardly are formed. Consequently,
the color purity and brightness of a cathode-ray tube can be enhanced.
[0025] Furthermore, by setting the concentration of an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene
sorbitan fatty acid ester in a range of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, a screen layer can
be formed in which coating unevenness such as irregular bubble and fiber patterns
hardly are formed.
[0026] A nonionic surfactant to be used is not limited to polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty
acid ester as long as the above-mentioned effect is obtained. Furthermore, a solution
containing a plurality of kinds of surfactants may be used. An example of a surfactant
that can be used together includes a nonionic surfactant (e.g., Pluronic, produced
by Asahi Denka Kogyo K.K.) in which ethylene oxide is added to propylene glycol. Furthermore,
a component other than a nonionic surfactant may be mixed in the solution. In this
case, it is preferable that a nonionic surfactant, in particular, polyoxyethylene
sorbitan fatty acid ester is used as a main component (occupying at least 50% by weight)
of a solute.
[0027] As described above, it is preferable that a solution of a nonionic surfactant is
sprayed onto a panel inner surface. This is because bubbles can be reduced, compared
with the case of coating the panel inner surface with a paste containing a surfactant
by printing. Furthermore, spraying of a nonionic surfactant solution renders blending
of a paste unnecessary, which results in an improvement in mass-production.
Example
[0028] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of an example.
However, the present invention is not limited by the following example.
[0029] In a method for producing a cathode-ray tube of the present invention shown in Figure
2, a display monitor tube (51 cm (21 in.)) was used as a panel, and an aqueous solution
of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester (e.g., Sorgen TW-20; HLB = 16.7, produced
by Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) was used in the spraying step 15. A screen layer
was formed on the panel inner surface by varying the concentration of the aqueous
solution to 0.03, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0% by weight (hereinafter, these panels
will be referred to as products of the present invention).
[0030] For comparison, a PVA aqueous solution was used in place of an aqueous solution of
polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester in the spraying step 15, and the other conditions
were set to be the same as above. Then, a screen layer was formed on the panel inner
surface by varying the concentration of the PVA aqueous solution (e.g., EG-40, produced
by The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry, Co., Ltd.) to 0.03, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0,
and 3.0% by weight (hereinafter, these panels will be referred to as comparative products).
[0031] Each panel thus produced was examined for color fogging, dot defects, coating unevenness,
and brightness. Tables 1 and 2 show the results of the products of the present invention
and those of the comparative products, respectively.
[0032] Color fogging was determined by measuring, when the green (first color) phosphor
layer was formed on the panel inner surface, the number of green phosphors in unexposed
areas corresponding to those where the blue (second color) phosphor layer and the
red (third color) phosphor layer will be formed. More specifically, if the remaining
number of dots including non-intended (green, in this case) phosphors in the phosphor
layers 3b and 3c becomes 8 or more, quality problems related to brightness and color
purity are likely to occur. Therefore, in the column of "Color fogging" in Tables
1 and 2, "○ " represents the case where the total remaining number of dots including
non-intended phosphors in one panel was 6 or less, and "· " represents the case where
the total remaining number of dots including non-intended phosphors in one panel was
7 or more.
[0033] Regarding dot defects, a minimum dot defect size of the green phosphor layer in each
panel was measured by varying continuously an exposure amount through a shadow mask
in the light-exposure step 18, and an average of minimum dot defect sizes of the phosphor
layers in 10 panels was calculated. The values thus obtained were indicated as relative
values assuming that an average of minimum dot defect sizes of the phosphor layers,
which have been formed on the panel inner surfaces omitting the spraying step 15,
was set to be 100. In the column "Minimum dot defect size" in Tables 1 and 2, "○ "
represents the case where the relative value was 100 or less, and "X" represents the
case where the relative value was more than 100.
[0034] Coating unevenness such as irregular line, bubble and fiber patterns on a screen
layer was checked by irradiating light onto the panel inner surface with the screen
layer formed thereon, and visually inspecting the panel outer surface. In the column
"Coating unevenness" in Tables 1 and 2, "○ " represents the case where no coating
unevenness was observed in 10 panels, and "X" represents the case where any of the
coating unevenness was observed in 10 panels. The nature of the coating unevenness
is described in the parentheses.
[0035] Brightness was checked as follows. Brightness of the green phosphor layer was measured
at the center of a rectangular screen in a cathode-ray tube in which a screen layer
has been formed on the panel inner surface, by using a CRT color analyzer (CA-100,
produced by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.) and the average brightness of the phosphor layers
in 10 panels was calculated. The values thus obtained were indicated as relative values
assuming that the average brightness of the phosphor layers, which have been formed
on the panel inner surfaces omitting the spraying step 15, was set to be 100.
Table 1
Products of the present invention (Aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty
acid ester) |
Concentration of aqueous solution (wt%) |
Color fogging (pieces) |
Minimum dot defect size (relative value) |
Coating unevenness |
Brightness (relative value) |
0.03 |
○ (5) |
○ (100) |
X (irregular line patterns) |
100 |
0.1 |
○ (3) |
○ (100) |
○ |
103 |
0.2 |
○ (3) |
○ (100) |
○ |
104 |
0.5 |
○ (4) |
○ (98) |
○ |
104 |
1.0 |
○ (2) |
○ (97) |
○ |
103 |
3.0 |
○ (3) |
○ (95) |
X (irregular bubble patterns) |
102 |
Table 2
Comparative products (PVA aqueous solution) |
Concentration of aqueous solution (wt%) |
Color fogging (pieces) |
Minimum dot defect size (relative value) |
Coating unevenness |
Brightness (relative value) |
0.03 |
○ (6) |
○ (100) |
X |
100 |
0.1 |
○ (6) |
○ (100) |
X |
99 |
0.2 |
X (7) |
○ (97) |
X |
96 |
0.5 |
○ (6) |
○ (96) |
X |
97 |
1.0 |
X (8) |
○ (95) |
X |
96 |
3.0 |
X (9) |
X (107) |
X |
95 |
[0036] As shown in Table 1, in the products of the present invention, when the concentration
of an aqueous solution of polyoxyethlene sorbitan fatty acid ester type is in a range
of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight, a screen layer can be formed in which color fogging, coating
unevenness, and the like hardly occur. More specifically, regarding color fogging,
when the concentration was in a range of 0.03 to 3.0% by weight, an average remaining
number of non-intended phosphors was confirmed to be 5 or less. Regarding coating
unevenness, when the concentration was 0.03% by weight, irregular line patterns were
observed, and when the concentration was 3.0% by weight, irregular bubble patterns
were observed. Furthermore, in the products of the present invention, it was found
from the results of the minimum dot defect size that although adhesion was improved
slightly in a region with a high concentration, adhesion was nearly constant irrespective
of the change in concentration.
[0037] As shown in Table 2, in the comparative products, when the concentration of a PVA
type aqueous solution was 0.03 to 3.0% by weight, an average remaining number of non-intended
phosphors was confirmed to be 6 to 9, and color fogging was increased with an increase
in the concentration of PVA. Regarding coating unevenness, when the concentration
of PVA was 0.03 to 1.0% by weight, irregular line, bubble and fiber patterns were
observed, and when the concentration of PVA was 3.0% by weight, irregular bubble and
fiber patterns were observed. Furthermore, in the comparative products, it was found
from the results of the minimum dot defect size that although adhesion was likely
to improve with an increase in the concentration of PVA, adhesion decreased markedly
at a concentration of PVA of more than 1% by weight.
[0038] When the panel inner surface is not coated with polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid
ester or PVA, color fogging and coating unevenness become more noticeable.
[0039] Thus, in the products of the present invention, in particular, color fogging and
coating unevenness are less likely to occur, compared with the comparative products,
and color purity and brightness are enhanced in a cathode-ray tube using the glass
panel of the present invention.
[0040] In the above description, before the green phosphor layer is formed, the panel inner
surface having the carbon layer formed thereon is precoated with an aqueous solution
of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester (nonionic surfactant) by spraying it
onto the surface in the spraying step 15, followed by drying. The present invention
is not limited thereto. Before forming the blue phosphor layer or the red phosphor
layer, the panel inner surface having the carbon layer formed thereon may be precoated
with an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester by spraying
it onto the surface, followed by drying. Alternatively, before forming the blue phosphor
layer and before forming the red phosphor layer, the panel inner surface having the
carbon layer formed thereon may be precoated with an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene
sorbitan fatty acid ester by spraying it onto the surface, followed by drying. Alternatively,
the panel inner surface having the carbon layer formed thereon may be precoated with
an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, followed by drying,
in the steps (e.g., coating step) other than the spraying step.
[0041] Furthermore, in Embodiment of the present invention, green, blue, and red phosphor
layers are formed in this order. However, the order of formation of phosphor layers
is not particularly limited. For example, blue, green, and red phosphor layers may
be formed in this order.
[0042] As described above, according to the method for producing a cathode-ray tube of the
present invention, a panel inner surface with a carbon layer formed thereon is precoated
with an aqueous solution of nonionic surfactant, whereby a screen layer can be formed
in which color fogging and coating unevenness hardly occur. Furthermore, in a cathode-ray
tube using such a panel, color purity and brightness can be enhanced.