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(11) | EP 1 125 725 A2 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
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| (54) | Baling machine for solid and wet waste material |
| (57) There is disclosed a baling machine for solid and wet waste material, particularly
suited for compacting waste material deriving from the shaving operation o hides in
tanneries. Said machine is characterised in that it comprises a cylindrical body (1),
equipped with a piston (3) which provides for compacting a predetermined amount of
material and a suitably shaped feed manifold (2). |
[0003] It is usual at the current state of the art, to use a baling method for the storage of wet solid waste material, which consists in pressing the mass of material in such a way as to form easily storable solid blocks, which will be then transported to the dump or processed into incineration furnaces.
[0004] Object of the present finding is that of realising a baling machine particularly suited for operation in tanneries and specifically for compacting the waste material coming from the shaving of the hides.
[0005] A further object is that of realising a baling machine of easy construction, of minimum overall size, which operates intermittently and produces compact blocks of waste material of substantially cylindrical shape and adjustable length.
[0006] Such objects and others are achieved by a structure of baling machine comprised of a cylindrical body, arranged with a substantially horizontal axis, inside which a piston is axially slidable, which provides for compacting a predetermined amount of material, periodically introduced through an aperture formed onto the body itself.
[0007] The compacting action is obtained by suitably tapering the discharge mouth of the cylindrical body so that the sliding of the cylindrical blocks of compacted material, which form inside it at every stroke of the piston, is opposed to such an extent that the thrust force must have a value such that the compacting of the amount of material introduced in the aforesaid body as last is achieved.
[0008] A further novel feature of the finding is the shape of the feed manifold of the material to be compacted which, arranged above the cylindrical body, has a prismatic parallelepipedal shape with a substantially vertical axis.
[0009] Such a shape is the most suited when solid and wet material is to be compacted, such as the waste material of shaving operation, as it allows to slide for gravity inside the manifold, thus avoiding the packing of the mass, what occurs on the contrary when a conventional truncated-cone shaped manifold is used.
[0010] The machine operation is controlled by two sensors, arranged vertically aligned onto the feed manifold, which have the task of adjusting the amount of material to be compacted at each stroke of the piston.
[0011] From an operational point of view, when the waste product, which is conveyed intermittently into the manifold by means of conveyor belts, reaches the height inside the manifold itself corresponding to the sensor arranged at the uppermost level, the stroke of the piston starts in order to carry out the compacting of the portion of material contained in the compression chamber of the cylindrical body.
[0012] The sensor arranged at the lower level with respect to the previous one, has a safety task, as it guarantees the presence of material between the two sensors and further defines the minimum amount of material required for realising sufficiently compacted blocks at each compacting stage.
[0013] Advantageously, the sensor arranged onto the manifold at the uppermost level, is susceptible of being adjusted in height in order to set the optimal height of the material column to be compacted for each stroke of the piston, according to the physical characteristics of the material itself, which can be more or less wet and more or less bulky.
[0014] Thus, as the compacting piston stroke is always the same, the amount of material to be compacted is adjusted according to the specific requirement, in such a way as to obtain compacted final blocks, which have a regular shape and consistency.
[0015] These and other features of the finding will be better clear through the description of a possible embodiment, provided as an illustrative and non-limiting example, with the help of the attached drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 (Tav. I) is an elevation section view of the baling machine according to the present finding, in a rest condition;
- Figures 2 and 3 (Tav. II) show the machine of figure 1, in a loading condition of the material and at the end of the compacting of the first block of compacted material;
- Figure 4 shows the machine of Figure 1 in consecutive compacting operations.
[0016] As can be seen in Figure 1, the baling machine according to the present finding consists of a cylindrical body 1, provided with a feed manifold 2, arranged substantially perpendicular to the body itself.
[0017] Inside the body 1, a piston 3 is provided whose head 4, by axially sliding, pushes the amount 5 of material which falls down for gravity in the compression chamber 6 towards the discharge mouth 7.
[0018] Said discharge mouth 7 consists of two half-shells 8, which are adapted to penetrate each other, so as to let the aforesaid discharge mouth take the shape of a truncated cone on, whereby the cone is directed to the outside.
[0019] Such tapered shape opposes the sliding of the blocks 9 of compacted material which, in order to move forward, must be pushed by the piston head 4 after this has compacted even the last portion 10 of material, fallen inside the compression chamber 6.
[0020] The opening/closing of the feed mouth 11 is carried out by means of a jacket 12 which slides in combination with the piston head 4.
[0021] Finally, onto the feed manifold 2, which has a squared-base parallelepipedal section, two sensors 13 and 14 are arranged the one above the other so that the upper sensor 13 reads the maximum height that the material column 15 to be compacted may reach and the sensor 14 detects the minimum allowed level which the waste material must reach in order to obtain a sufficiently compacted block.
1. A BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, particularly suited for compacting
waste material deriving from the shaving of hides in tanneries
said machine being characterised in that
it comprises a cylindrical body, arranged with a substantially horizontal axis, inside which a piston is axially slidable, that provides for compacting a predetermined amount of material, periodically introduced through an aperture formed onto the body itself, the compacting action being obtained by suitably tapering the discharge mouth of the cylindrical body so that the sliding of the cylindrical blocks of compacted material, which form inside it at every stroke of the piston, is opposed to such an extent that the thrust force must have a value such that the compacting of the amount of material introduced in the aforesaid body as last is achieved.
2. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claim 1, characterised
in that the feed manifold of the material to be compacted, arranged above the cylindrical
body, has a prismatic parallelepipedal shape with a substantially vertical axis.
3. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claims 1 and/or 2,
characterised in that the operation of the machine is controlled by two sensors, arranged
vertically aligned onto the feed manifold, which have the task of fixing the amount
of material to be compacted at each stroke of the piston.
4. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claim 1, characterised
in that the sensor arranged at the uppermost level has the task of commanding the
opening of the feed mouth of the cylindrical body, so that a predetermined amount
of material may fall inside the aforesaid body, what occurs when the column of waste
material, discharged intermittently and irregularly inside the feed manifold, reaches
a level which can be read by the aforesaid sensor.
5. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claims 3 and/or 4,
characterised in that the sensor arranged at the lower level has the task of commanding
the start of the compacting piston stroke, when it does not detect any more the presence
of material in the feed manifold.
6. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claim 3, characterised
in that at least the sensor arranged onto the feed manifold at the uppermost level
may be positioned at different heights.
7. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to one or more of the
preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises of a cylindrical body (1), provided
with a feed manifold (2), arranged substantially perpendicular to the body itself,
inside the body (1) a piston (3) being provided whose head (4), by axially sliding,
pushes the amount (5) of material which falls down for gravity in the compression
chamber (6) towards the discharge mouth (7), said discharge mouth (7) consisting of
two half-shells (8), which are adapted to penetrate each other, so as to let the aforesaid
discharge mouth take the shape of a truncated cone on, whereby the cone is directed
to the outside, the opening/closing of the feed mouth (11) being carried out by means
of a jacket (12) which slides in combination with the aforesaid piston head.
7. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claim 6, characterised
in that the feed manifold (2) has a squared-base parallelepipedal section.
8. BALING MACHINE FOR SOLID AND WET WASTE MATERIAL, according to claim 6, characterised
in that it is equipped with two sensors (13) and (14) arranged the one above the other
and such that the upper sensor (13) reads the maximum height that the material column
(15) to be compacted may reach inside the feed manifold (2) and the sensor (14) acts
as a safety member in order to guarantee a good compacting operation, by defining
the minimum level which the waste material must reach in order to obtain sufficiently
compacted blocks.