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(11) | EP 1 189 008 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
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| (54) | Heat exchanger |
| (57) A heat exchanger is provided with a casing (5) in which a heat exchanger core (3)
is received. The core (3) is provided with a pair of inlet/outlet pipes (1) in its
opposite end portions. These pipes (1) pass through the casing (5) to project outward.
The heat exchanger is capable of sufficiently absorbing any difference in thermal
expansion between its components such as the casing (5) and the core (3), which is
realized by the provision of a bellows (6) fluid-tightly interposed between at least
one of the inlet/outlet pipes (1) of the core (3) and a corresponding one of a pair
of through-hole portions (4) of the casing (5). |
[0001] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger provided with a casing, received in which casing is a heat exchanger core provided with a pair of inlet/outlet convex portions in its opposite end portions, wherein the core has its inlet/outlet convex portions project outward from the casing, and a difference in thermal expansion between the casing and the core is adequately absorbed in the heat exchanger.
[0002] A conventional heat exchanger is provided with a casing, which receives therein a heat exchanger core. Apair of inlet/outlet convex portions, for example such as inlet/outlet pipes and their corresponding boss portions in which the inlet/outlet pipes are mounted, are provided in opposite longitudinal end portions of the core. The inlet/outlet convex portions or pipes pass through the casing through a pair of through-hole portions of the casing, are brought into fluid-tight contact therewith and fixedly mounted therein through a suitable fixing means such as soldering and the like. A first fluid is introduced into the core through these inlet/outlet pipes. On the other hand, a second fluid is introduced into the casing so that the exchange of heat between the first and the second fluid is conducted in the conventional heat exchanger.
[0004] In the conventional heat exchanger having the above construction, for example, cold water which serves as the second fluid is introduced into the casing. On the other hand, hot fluid serving as the first fluid is introduced into the core. Under such circumstances, the casing reaches substantially the same temperature as that of the cold water. On the other hand, the core reaches substantially the same temperature as that of the hot fluid. In this case, the core is larger in thermal expansion than the casing, which causes thermal stresses to concentrate in root portions of the inlet/outlet pipes. Consequently, due to such concentration of the thermal stresses, there is a fear that a crack is produced in the root portions of the inlet/outlet pipes in use.
[0005] Consequently, it would be desirable to be able to provide a heat exchanger, which is provided with means for absorbing any difference in thermal expansion between its components, wherein the means is simple and compact in construction to realize the heat exchanger high in reliability and large in crack-resistance properties.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided
a heat exchanger comprising:
a core provided with a pair of inlet/outlet pipe portions
or a pair of inlet/outlet convex portions such as a pair of inlet/outlet boss portions and the like for receiving therein the inlet/outlet pipe portions , wherein the inlet/outlet pipe portions or the inlet/outlet convex portions are longitudinally spaced apart from each other on an outer peripheral surface of the core ;
a casing for receiving therein the core , wherein the casing is provided with a pair of through-hole portions which are brought into liquid-tight contact with the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core , wherein a first fluid and a second fluid are introduced into the core and the casing , respectively, to perform heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid ; and
a bellows in terposed between at least one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core and a corresponding one of the through-hole portions of the casing to realize fluid-tight contact between the bellows and each of the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core and the corresponding one of the through-hole portions of the casing , wherein the bellows
permits the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core to move relative to the corresponding one of the through-hole portions of the casing in a radial direction of the corresponding one of the through-hole portions of the casing
[0007] In the heat exchanger having the above construction, preferably, a short sleeve portion larger in diameter than the one of the inlet/outlet convex portion of the core is provided in a position corresponding to that of the corresponding one of the through-hole portions of the casing ; the short sleeve portion of the casing has its front-end opening portion brought into fluid-tight contact with one of opposite ends of the bellows , the other one of the opposite ends of the bellows being brought into fluid-tight contact with the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core
[0008] In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided
a heat exchanger comprising:
a core provided with a pair of inlet/outlet pipe portions
or a pair of inlet/outlet convex portions such as a pair of inlet/outlet boss portions and the like for receiving therein the inlet/outlet pipe portions , wherein the inlet/outlet pipe portions or the inlet/outlet convex portions are longitudinally spaced apart from each other on an outer peripheral surface of the core ; and
a casing for receiving therein the core , wherein the casing is provided with a pair of through-hole portions which are brought into liquid-tight contact with the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core , wherein a first fluid and a second fluid are introduced into the core and the casing , respectively, to perform heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid , wherein the casing is provided with an insertion portion an inner diameter of which is sufficiently larger than an outer diameter of the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core to permit the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core to project outward through the insertion portion of the casing , wherein an edge portion of the insertion portion of the casing is brought into fluid-tight contact with one of opposite ends of a bellows which has the other of its opposite ends brought into fluid-tight contact with an outer peripheral portion of the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core.
[0009] In the heat exchanger having the above construction, preferably, the short sleeve portion of the casing is provided with an inner flange portion of the casing in its root portion; and, a holding means for slidably holding the inner flange portion of the casing is provided in the root portion of the one of the inlet/outlet convex portions of the core.
[0010] Further, preferably, the short sleeve portion of the casing assumes a circular truncated cone shape.
[0011] The present invention will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of the first embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 in use;
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a third embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention, illustrating the holding means (9, 15) constructed of the flange (9) member provided in an outer peripheral portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion (1) and the upper end plate (15) of the core (3); and
Fig. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of each of the third and the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5, respectively, illustrating the bending moment (expressed by the arrow) to which the third and the fourth embodiment of the present invention not provided with the holding means (9, 15) are subjected.
[0012] The best modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail using embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0013] Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a heat exchanger of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows deformation in a bellows 6 of the heat exchanger of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.
[0014] The heat exchanger of the present invention is provided with a core 3 which is of a multi-plate type, in which: a pair of dish-like metallic plates each provided with a pair of communication holes in its opposite end portions have their peripheral edge portions brought into fluid-tight contact and connected with each other to form an heat exchanger element 12; a plurality of the thus formed elements 12 are stacked together into a pile, and connected with each other through their communication holes. As shown in Fig. 1, such a pile thus formed has its top portion covered with an upper end plate 15. This upper end plate 15 of the core 3 is provided with a pair of openings in its opposite end portions, in which openings a pair of inlet/outlet convex portions 1 are fixedly mounted to project upward as viewed in Fig. 1. Incidentally, the above-mentioned pile has its bottom portion covered with a lower end plate having no communication hole, so that the core 3 is formed. As is clear from Fig. 1, an outer fin 16 is interposed between adjacent ones of these heat exchanger elements 12.
[0015] In this first embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, each of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 of the core 3 is constructed of a small-diameter pipe. A right-hand one of these inlet/outlet convex portions or pipes 1 as viewed in Fig. 1 is fixedly mounted in a corresponding one of a pair of through-hole portions 4 of the casing 5 by means of soldering and like fastening means, so that this right-hand one is brought into fluid-tight contact with the corresponding one of the through-hole portions 4 of the casing 5. On the other hand, a left-hand one of the inlet/outlet convex portions or pipes 1 of the core 3 has its upper end portion connected with a lower end portion of the bellows 6 interposed between the left-hand one of the inlet/outlet convex portions or pipes 1 and a short pipe 10. As shown in Fig. 1, this short pipe 10 has its upper end portion brought into fluid-tight contact with a top through-hole portion 4 of a short sleeve portion 7 of the casing 5 and fixedly mounted in this top through-hole portion 4 by means of soldering and like fastening means.
[0016] The short sleeve portion 7 of the casing 5 is provided in an outer peripheral surface of the casing 5 in a position corresponding to that of the left-hand one of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 of the core 3 to project radially outwardly therefrom. An inner diameter of the short sleeve portion 7 of the casing 5 is sufficiently larger than an outer diameter of the bellows 6 to permit the bellows 6 to deform laterally.
[0017] A hot oil serving as a first fluid 17 is introduced into the individual heat exchanger elements 12 of the core 3 through a right-hand one of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 of the core 3, as shown in Fig. 1. Such a first fluid or hot oil 17 thus passed through the core 3 is then discharged out of the left-hand one of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 of the core 3. On the other hand, as viewed from Fig. 1, cold water serving as a second fluid 18 is introduced into the casing 5 from a left-hand inlet opening (not shown), passes through the casing 5, and is then discharged from a right-hand outlet opening (not shown) of the casing 5, wherein heat exchange is performed between the hot oil serving as the first fluid 17 and the cold water serving as the second fluid 18. At this time, a difference in thermal expansion appears between the each of the elements 12 of the core 3 and the casing 5. Such difference in thermal expansion therebetween is absorbed by deformation of the bellows 6, as shown in Fig. 2. Incidentally, such deformation of the bellows 6 shown in Fig. 2 is exaggerated for the purpose of illustration. An actual amount of such deformation of the bellows 6 is very small in most cases. In any case, the bellows 6 is capable of absorbing any difference in thermal expansion between the components of the heat exchanger of the present invention to reduce thermal stresses imposed on base portions (i.e., root portions) of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 of the core 3.
[0018] Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention, which is adapted to treat a highly pressurized fluid passing through the core 3. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment of the present invention in that: the second embodiment has the left-hand one of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 constructed of a pipe member 10; and, a flange member 19 in the second embodiment is fixedly and integrally mounted on an upper end portion of the pipe member 10. In the second embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the bellows 6 is interposed between: an end portion of the short sleeve-like portion 7 of the casing 5; and, an outer peripheral edge portion of the flange member 19 fixedly mounted on the upper end portion of the pipe member 10, wherein the short sleeve-like portion 7 projects outward from the peripheral edge portion of an insertion portion 4a of the casing 5, as shown in Fig. 3. Since the second embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention has the above construction, there is no fear that the bellows 6 is subjected to the pressure of the highly pressurized fluid such as the first fluid 17 passing through the core 3. In operation, a difference in thermal expansion between the core 3 and the casing 5 is absorbed by such a flexible bellows 6. Incidentally, although the bellows 6 is disposed in the outlet side of the first fluid 17 in each of the first and the second embodiment of the present invention, it is also possible for the bellows 6 to be disposed in the inlet side of the first fluid 17. Furthermore, it is also possible to provide the bellows 6 in each of the outlet and the inlet side of the first fluid 17.
[0019] Next, a third embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4. More specifically, in the third embodiment, an inner flange portion 8 of the casing 5 is provided in the root portion of the sleeve-like portion 7 of the casing 5 of the first embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 to form the third embodiment shown in Fig. 4. In this third embodiment, as is clear from Fig. 4, the inner flange portion 8 is sandwiched between: the upper end plate 15 of the core 3; and, a flat surface portion (i.e., flange member 9) of a small reservoir portion 11. In order words, the inner flange portion 8 of the casing 5 is held by holding means 9, 15, wherein the holdingmeans 9, 15 is constructed of the upper end plate 15 of the core 3 and the flat surface portion (i.e., flange member 9) of the small reservoir portion 11, as is clear from Fig. 4. In the third embodiment of the present invention having the above construction, the small reservoir portion 11 is laterally slidable relative to the inner flange portion 8 of the casing 5. Incidentally, in this third embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the sleeve-like portion 7 assumes a circular truncated cone shape. Consequently, in operation, the root portions of the inlet/outlet convex portions 1 in the third embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 4 are free from any bending moment resulted from a difference in thermal expansion between the components of the heat exchanger.
[0020] In other words, in case that the holding means 9, 15 is not provided in the heat exchanger of the present invention, as is clear from Fig. 6, the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 is also deformed when the bellows 6 is deformed. As a result of such a deformation of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1, the root portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 is subjected to a considerably large amount of bending moment (expressed by the arrow of Fig. 6). As is clear from this fact, it is recognized that the holding means 9, 15 is capable of effectively minimizing such bending moment.
[0021] Fig. 5 is a fourth embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention, in which the holding means 9, 15 is constructed of: the flange member 9 mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1; and, the upper end plate 15 of the core 3 to permit the inner flange portion 8 of the casing 5 to laterally slidably move relative to the holding means 9, 15.
[0023] The bellows 6 of the heat exchanger of the present invention having the above construction is capable of sufficiently absorbing any difference in thermal expansion between the core 3 and the casing 5 even when a difference in length between the core 3 and the casing 5 is produced due to their thermal expansion.
[0024] Further, as is clear from Fig. 1, the heat exchange of the first embodiment of the present invention is provided with the bellows 6 between the top opening portion of the short sleeve portion 7 of the casing 5 and the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 of the core 3, it is possible to prevent the bellows 6 from being exposed outward. Further, it is also possible to permit the bellows 6 to be smoothly deformed within the short sleeve portion 7 of the casing 5, which makes it possible to sufficiently absorb any difference in thermal expansion between the core 3 and the casing 5.
[0025] Further, in the second embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 3, since the bellows 6 has one of its opposite end portions brought into fluid-tight contact with the outer peripheral portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 through the flange member 19, there is no problem even when a highly pressurized fluid is introduced into the core 3. In other words, the construction of the heat exchanger of the present invention shown in Fig. 3 is capable of minimizing any stress imposed on the bellows 6.
[0026] The third embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention is provided with the holding means 9, 15 in the root portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 of the core 3. Since such a holding means 9, 15 is slidably movable relative to the inner flange portion 8 of the casing 5, it is possible for the resiliency of such a bellows 6 to minimize any bending moment appearing in the root portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 of the core 3, which improves the root portion of the inlet/outlet convex portion 1 of the core 3 in reliability.
a core (3) provided with a pair of inlet/outlet convex portions (1), wherein said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) are longitudinally spaced apart from each other on an outer peripheral surface of said core (3);
a casing (5) for receiving therein said core (3), wherein said casing (5) is provided with a pair of through-hole portions (4) which are brought into liquid-tight contact with said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3), wherein a first fluid (17) and a second fluid (18) are introduced into said core (3) and said casing (5), respectively, to perform heat exchange between said first fluid (17) and said second fluid (18); characterised by:
a bellows (6) interposed between at least one of said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3) and a corresponding one of said through-hole portions (4) of said casing (5) to realize fluid-tight contact between said bellows and each of said one of said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3) and said corresponding one of said through-hole portions (4) of said casing (5), wherein said bellows (6) permits said one of said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3) to move relative to said corresponding one of said through-hole portions (4) of said casing (5) in a radial direction of said corresponding one of said through-hole portions (4) of said casing (5).
a core (3) provided with a pair of inlet/outlet convex portions (1), wherein said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) are longitudinally spaced apart from each other on an outer peripheral surface of said core (3); and
a casing (5) for receiving therein said core (3), wherein said casing (5) is provided with a pair of through-hole portions (4) which are brought into liquid-tight contact with said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3), wherein a first fluid (17) and a second fluid (18) are introduced into said core (3) and said casing (5), respectively, to perform heat exchange between said first fluid (17) and said second fluid (18), characterised in that said casing (5) is provided with an insertion portion (4a) an inner diameter of which is sufficiently larger than an outer diameter of said one of said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3) to permit said one of said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3) to project outward through said insertion portion (4a) of said casing (5), wherein an edge portion of said insertion portion (4a) of said casing (5) is brought into fluid-tight contact with one of opposite ends of a bellows (6) which has the other of its opposite ends brought into fluid-tight contact with an outer peripheral portion of said one of said inlet/outlet convex portions (1) of said core (3).