BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Field of the Invention:
[0001] This invention relates to a system for preventing the scatter of crush-cut castings
for casting crush-cutting apparatuses, and a cutter structure therefor.
Description of the Related Art:
[0002] Regarding a casting crush-cutting apparatus and a crush-cutting (crushing) system
utilizing this casting crush-cutting apparatus, the applicant of the present invention
has filed patent applications in Japan, U. S, A. and Europe. These patent applications
include Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 106083/1994 entitled "HYDRAULIC CRUSHING-BREAKING
APPARATUS FOR CASTING WEIRS AND RUNNERS AND IMPERFECT CASTINGS" , Japanese Patent
Laid-Open No. 182238/1994 entitled "METHOD OF CRUSHING-BREAKING NON-UNIFORM CASTING
WEIRS AND RUNNERS AND IMPERFECT CASTINGS", US Patent Application No. 5, 791, 573 entitled
"CRUSHING-BREAKING APPARATUS", and European Patent Application No. 0919283 entitled
"AN APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING-BREAKING USELESS CASTING PRODUCTS USING A FIXED AND ROCKING
CUTTER DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COATING SAID CUTTING DEVICES.
[0003] In the invention disclosed in each of the above literature, surfaces of free end
portions of blades have substantially the same surface relation (parallel surface
relation) as a blade base surface as seen in a schematic diagram of Fig. 7 showing
the moving condition of a movable cutter. Accordingly, when the free end portions
of the blades of the movable cutter are in positions (a) (g) of movement thereof in
the same drawing with respect to the other cutter, for example, free end portions
of blades of a fixed cutter, the free end portions of the movable and fixed cutters
are in a substantially V-shaped mutually fitting relation. When castings are crush-cut
with the blades in this substantially V-shaped mutually fitting mode, pressing stress
of the free end portions of the movable cutter works in an upward direction (direction
of an arrow X) of the casting crush-cutting apparatus, it is conceived that castings
W or crush cut castings W1 would scatter in the worst case as shown by words "scattering
direction" in the drawing. Such a scatter of the casting W or crush-cut casting W1
has a -fear of causing troubles concerning the safety and controlling of a casting
crush-cutting operation to occur, which include the occurrence of an accident resulting
in injury or death, the occurrence of a cause of a failure of some other machine,
the occurrence of necessity of cleaning and recovering work, or a decrease in an operation
efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
[0004] In view of the above, the present invention employs a structure in which the pressing
stress referred to above works in a downward direction (direction of an arrow 1X)
of a casting crush-cutting apparatus and does not cause castings W or crush cut castings
to scatter, and, in which, moreover, the castings W or crush-cut castings W1 are crush
cut between free end portions of the blades of movable and fixed cutters as the castings
W or crush-cut castings W1 are pressed in a downward direction of the casting crush-cutting
apparatus.
[0005] When the movable cutter is in a limit position of its rearward movement, castings
are thrown into an inlet port formed by the blades (functioning as pressure blades)
of the movable cutter and free end portions of the blades of the other cutter (either
a fixed cutter or a movable cutter can serve the purpose). The movable cutter is then
moved forward along an arcuate path. During this forward movement of the movable cutter,
pressure blades moving forward along the arcuate path and receiving blades are put
in a mutually fitting relation to carry out a casting crush-cutting operation. Owing
to a downward pressing force (pressing stress) produced by the free end portions (blade-bottom
inclined surfaces) of the pressure blades and those (blade-bottom inclined surfaces)
of the receiving blades, the castings can be moved in a downward direction of the
casting crush-cutting apparatus, and. owing to the mutually fitting relation between
the free end portions of the pressure blades and those of the receiving blades, the
castings are crush-cut reliably. Upper parts of blade bottom surfaces of the free
end portions have a projecting shape (scatter of castings-preventing projections)
with respect to lower parts of the blade bottom surfaces of the free end portions,
and a pressing and/or crush cutting operation is carried out with respect to the castings
or crush-cut castings at these scatter of castings preventing projections as main
members for effecting this operation. Therefore, the present invention has the following
characteristics. The castings or crush-cut castings can be processed safely and effectively
(the invention is useful for preventing the castings or crush cut castings from scattering)
without accompanying movements of the castings or crush-cut castings in the upward
direction of the casting crush-cutting apparatus. The crush cutting of castings or
crush-cut castings can be attained, for example, reliably and under a low pressure
by concentrating castings or crush cut castings crush cutting force (on the upper
parts of the blade bottom surfaces of the free end portions). These casting crush-cutting
techniques are serviceable to reduce the dimensions of a cylinder and the casting
crush - cutting apparatus as a whole or the running cost.
[0006] As the movable cutter thereafter moves forward, the casting pressing and crush-cutting
operation by the scatter-preventing projections, and the casting pressing and crush-cutting
(shearing) operation by (between) the two sets of blades are carried out.
[0007] The crush cut castings are received by lower blades or reach clearances among subsequent
blades as the crush-cut castings fall through these clearances. The pressing, crush
cutting and falling of these castings are thereafter repeated, and the resultant crush-cut
castings are recovered from a discharge port of the casting crush cutting apparatus
and put in, for example, a holder below the same apparatus.
[0008] The movable cutter employs in some cases a structure formed so that, when a load
is imparted to the movable cutter while this cutter is moved, the cutter is once moved
back and then moved forward again. After this movable cutter reaches a limit of its
forward movement, the cutter is moved back.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:
[0009]
Fig. 1 is a general perspective view of a crush cutting apparatus used in the present
invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a fixed cutter on an enlarged scale;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a principal portion of the apparatus of Fig.
1;
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram illustrating the relation between a movable
cutter and the fixed cutter, and between a casting and a crush-cut casting;
Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram illustrating a movement of blades of the movable
cutter; and
Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram illustrating a movement of blades of a related
art movable cutter.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT:
[0010] Examples of cutters used in the system according to the present invention will now
be described on the basis of the drawings. This crush-cutting apparatus 1 has as main
constituent elements an upper and lower sides-opened frame 3 formed by side plates
2a, 2b and a cross plate 2c. a fixed cutter 42 (one cutter) and a movable cutter 5
(the other cutter) which are provided on the frame 3, and a cylinder 6 adapted to
move this movable cutter 5 forward and backward.
[0011] The fixed cutter 4 is formed of a blade base fixing base plate 40 provided on the
frame 3, a blade base 41 detachably provided on the base plate 40. and plural frusto
conical blades 42 (functioning as receiving blades or pressure blades) provided in
a staggered manner on the blade base 41. Curvilinear inclined surfaces 42a of the
frusto-conical blades 4 have such an angle that enables crush cut castings (reutilizable
crush cut castings) to fall reliably and naturally. These blades 42 are arranged in
a staggered manner, and openings A in which fruslo-conical blades 52 of a movable
cutter 5, which will be described later. can be fitted are formed among the blades
42, and crush-cut castings fall through fitting clearances A1. Referring to the drawings,
a reference numeral 43 denotes scatter preventing projections provided on free end
portions 42b, and each projection 43 is formed so that an upper part 43a of a free
end surface of a blade at a free end portion 42b projects with respect to a lower
part 43b of the free end surface of the blade at the free end portion 42b.
[0012] Each blade 42 is formed so that an imaginary extension line 42b-1 drawn from the
free end portion 42b of the blade 42 of the fixed cutter 4 crosses a surface of the
blade base 41 at an acute angle B. As a result of the employment of this structure,
the following characteristics are obtained. For example, the prevention of the scatter
of crush-cut castings W1, the pressing (occurrence of pressing stress C) of the crush-cut
castings W1 in the downward direction of the casting crush cutting apparatus and the
crush cutting (occurrence of crush-cutting stress D) of the crush cut castings W1
can be attained at once. Moreover, each blade is formed by setting an angle made by
a bottom surface 42c of a blade 42 and a surface of the blade base 41 to an angle
of depression E (substantially around 70° -90° ). As a result of the employment of
this structure, characteristic effects are obtained which include the attainment of
a decrease in a frequency in occurrence of the lodging of the castings W and/or crush-cut
castings W1 between the bottom surface 42c and blade base 41, and an improvement of
a casting crush cutting efficiency.
[0013] The movable cutter 5 is formed of a movable plate 50 provided pivotably on the frame
3 via a pivot 7, a blade base 51 provided detachably on the movable plate 50. and
plural frusto-conical blades 52 (functioning as pressure blades) provided in a staggered
manner on the blade base 51. Curvilinear inclined surfaces 52a of the frusto conical
blades 52 have such an angle of inclination that enables the crush-cut castings W1
to fall reliably and naturally. These blades 52 are arranged in a staggered manner,
and the frusto conical blades 42 of the above-mentioned fixed cutter 4 arc fitted
among the blades 52.
[0014] Each blade 52 of the movable cutter 5 is formed so that an imaginary extension line
52b-1 drawn from a free end portion 52b thereof crosses a surface of the blade base
51 at an acute angle B . As a result of the employment of this structure, the following
characteristics are obtained. For example, the prevention of the scatter of crush
cut castings W1, the pressing of the crush-cut-castings W in the downward direction
of the casting crush-cutting apparatus and the crush-cutting of the crush-cut castings
W1 can be attained simultaneously. The movable cuuter 5 is moved and back via the
expansion and contraction of a piston rod 61 of the cylinder 6, with a pivot 7 acting
as a spindle. Since the blades 52 of the movable cutter are engaged with and disengaged
from those 42 of the fixed cutter with the piston rod 61 connected pivotably to an
upper portion of the movable plate 50. the pivot 7 (fulcrum) and the upper portion
to which the piston rod 61 is pivotably connected of the movable plate form a lever
and fulcrum mechanism, a pressure generated by which is applied to the movable plate
50. Referring to the drawings, a reference numeral 53 denotes scatter preventing projections
provided on free end portions 52b, and each of the projections 53 is formed so that
an upper part 53a of a free end blade surface at the free end portion 52b projects
with respect to a lower part 53b of the free end blade surface at the free end portion
52b. Moreover, each blade is formed by setting an angle made by a bottom surface 52c
of the blade 52 and blade base 51 to an angle of depression E (substantially around
70° 90° ). As a result of the employment of this structure, characteristic effects
are obtained which include the attainment of a decrease in a frequency in occurrence
of the lodging of the castings W and/or crush cut castings W1 between the bottom surface
52c and blade base 51. and an improvement of a casting crush-cutting efficiency.
[0015] The operating condition of the fixed cutter 4 and movable cutter 5 will now be described,
Between opposed surfaces of the blade base 41 of the fixed cutter 4 and the blade
base 51 of the movable cutter 5, a V-shaped inlet port 100 is formed, which is adapted
to be contracted or expanded after castings W (cast products and imperfect cast products)
are thrown thereinto. The castings W or crush-cut castings W1 are crush -cut with
the prevention of the scatter of the same attained at the same time, by utilizing
a movement of the movable cutter 4, an operation for crush cutting the castings W
based on the mutually fitting relation between the frusto-conical blades 52 of the
movable cutter 5 and those 42 of the fixed cutter 4, and a downward pressing force
of the free end portions 52b of the blades 52 and those 42b of the blades 42. To be
concrete, a crush cutting stress D and a pressing stress C are exerted on the castings.
[0016] The crush-cut castings W1 are guided to a discharge port 200 of the casting crush-cutting
apparatus via these operations, and discharged from the discharge port 200 to the
outside of the casting crush cutting apparatus.
[0017] The present invention is formed so that an imaginary extension line drawn from the
free end portion of each of the blades provided on the movable and fixed cutters crosses
the relative blade base surface at an acute angle, in which castings or crush-cut
castings are crush-cut with the prevention of the scatter of the same attained at
the same time. by utilizing an operation for crush-cutting the castings based on the
mutually fitting relation between the frusto conical blades of the movable cutter
and those of the fixed cutter, and a pressing force generated by the free end portions
of the blades and working in the downward direction of the casting crush cutting apparatus.
This enables the scatter of castings or crush cut castings to be prevented; a casting
crush cutting operation to be carried out reliably and efficiently by utilizing the
casting or crush cut casting pressing stress working in the downward direction of
the casting crush-cutting apparatus and a crush cutting stress at the same time; and
crush-cut castings optimumly applied to a furnace and reliable and efficient regenerated
crush cut castings to be provided.
[0018] The present invention is formed so that an imaginary extension line drawn from the
free end portion of each of the blades provided on the movable and fixed cutters crosses
the relative blade surface at an acute angle. Accordingly, the invention has the following
characteristics. The pressing stress mentioned above is exerted on a lower portion
of the casting crush-cutting apparatus, and this serves to prevent the scatter of
the castings or crush cut castings. and enables the castings or crush-cut castings
to be crush-cut as the castings or crush-cut castings are pressed in the downward
direction of the casting crush-cutting apparatus between the free end portions of
the blades of the movable and fixed cutters.
DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS AND LETTERS:
[0019]
FIG. 1: 1... CRUCH-CUTTING APPARATUS, 2A... SIDE PLATE, 2B... SIDE PLATE, 2C... CROSS
PLATE, 3... FRAME, 6... CYLINDER, 61... PISTON ROD, 100... INLET PORT.
FIG. 2: 4...FIXED CUTTER, 5... MOVABLE CUTTER, 7... PICOT, 40... BASE PLATE, 41...BLADE
BASE, 42... BLADE, 42A... INCLINED SURFACE, 43... SCATTER PREVENTING PROJECTIONS,
50... MOVABLE PLATE. 51... BLADE BASE, 52...BLADE, 52A... INCLINED SURFACE, 53...SCATTER
PREVENTING PROJECTIONS, 200... DISCHARGE PORT.
FIG. 3; 42B... FREE END PORTION. 428-1... IMAGINARY EXTENSION LINES, 52B... FREE END
PORTION, 52B-1... IMAGINARY EXTENSION LINES. B... ACUTE ANGLE, B' ... ACUTE ANGLE.
FIG. 4: 42C... BOTTOM SURFACE, 43A... UPPER PART, 43B... LOWER PART, 52C, .. BOTTOM
SURFACE, 53A... UPPER PART, 53B... LOWER PART, C... PRESSING STRESS, D... CRUSH-CUTTING
STRESS, E... ANGLE OF DEPRESSION, E'...ANGLE OF DEPRESSION.
FIG. 5: A... OPENINGS, A1...CLEARANCE.
FIG. 6: W... CASTING, W1... CRUSH-CUT CASTING.
FIG. 7: 1... X DIRECTION, 2... SCATTERING DIRECTION, 3... V SHSPED MUTUALLY FITTED
PORTIONS.
1. A system for preventing the scatter of crush-cut castings for casting crush-cutting
apparatuses, comprising:
a system for crush-cutting castings(W) formed of two opposed blade -carrying cutters
(4, 5),
the system being adapted to carry out, in accordance with a forward movement of at
least one of the cutters(5, 4) along an arcuate path, a casting pressing operation
by free end portions(52b, 42b) of blades(52) of one cutter(5) and those (12) of the
other cutter 4 opposed to the first-mentioned cutter(5), and a casting crush-cutting
operation between the free end portions of the two blades (52, 42),
the resultant crush-cut castings being pressed toward a lower portion of a casting
crush cutting apparatus (1),
in accordance with a forward movement of at least one cutter (5) along the arcuate
path, an operation for pressing the crush cut castings (W1) by the free end portions(52b)
of the blades(52)of the same cutter(5) and those(42b) of the blades(42) of the other
cutter(4) opposed to the first-mentioned cutter(5), and an operation for crush-cutting
the crush cut castings(W1) between the free end portions(52b, 42b) of the two cutters
(5, 4)being carried out, whereby:
the scatter of the crush-cut castings in the upward direction of the casting crush-cutting
apparatus(1)is avoided.
2. A cutter structure used in the system for preventing the scatter of crush-cut castings(W)for
casting crush cutting apparatuses defined in Claim 1. comprising:
cutters (4, 5)formed so that an imaginary extension lines(42b 1, 52b-1) of free end
portions(42b, 52b) of blades (42, 52) thereof cross relative blade base surfaces at
an acute angle.
3. Apparatus for crush-cutting castings, the apparatus having first and second blade
members and means for effecting relative movement between the blade members along
an arcuate path to bring the blade members together to cause blades of the first and
second blade members to cooperate to perform crush-cutting, such that crush-cut castings
are caused to move downwardly to inhibit scatter.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the blades carry scatter preventing projections.
5. A blade member for use in an apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the blades carry
scatter preventing projections.