[0001] In the sector of the coverings to be used in the building the solution more used,
that permits a better functionality with an aesthetic pleasant result, is the covering
with bent tiles. These kind of covering, to be actuated using like material for the
bent tiles cement with plasticized mixture or clays, give the protection of the building
from the atmospheric agents permitting the ventilation and permitting to have a good
live confort with any climatic condition. Said bent tiles, in working, are placed
with fixed joint or with superimposition: that is the bent tiles are positioned with
a part of them which puts on the bent tile placed onto the below line to downhill.
This kind of positioning gives a good waterproofing and a ventilation favoured to
the local microcirculation and to the rising currents that come to act around the
building. The invented structure is particularly suitable for bent tiles with high
outline and with a determin ed conformation like which known as "portuguese bent tile",
but it is suitable also for other kinds of bent tiles with the characteristic to have
a substantial thickness. The invented body is a bent tile for building covering with
a particular form to permit a better waterproofing in comparison with the normal bent
tiles and, thanks to its characteristics, it permits to reduce the incline of the
pitches of the roof. The invented body consists in a bent tile 1 with a hollow 1A
which forms the small channel and with a convex 1B which forms the upper arc. Said
bent tile 1 provides an upper surface 2 with a nosing 3 in the part of the tile which
goes to be over the underlying tile 1. Said nosing 3 forms a suspended part having
a protection role from the rain or from other atmospheric agents in the critical points,
or rather where the tiles go to be over. This determines an improvement in comparison
with the tiles currently in use having a cut perpendicular to the upper surface of
the same tile. In the invented tile the suspended part 3 moreover provides in the
lower part a cylindrical surface 4 with radius of union in the lower part. This part
of the tile 1 is made in such a way that the drops that break down near the same suspended
part 3, or rather the parts of the same drop, go to dispers in the focus of the cylinder
placed over the suspended part 3, while the stagnant drops which remain into the upper
concavity attached to the cylindric surface 4 drop, if they reach a big bulk, onto
the underlying tile always for the cylindric convex but is however avoided the liquid
stagnation in the critical points, or in the joint positions of the bent tiles. Moreover
it is to be considered that the tiles, to be placed in fixed joint or in simply superimposition,
have surfaces in contact but without a total adhesion. This is due to the geometric
tolerance of the tiles or to the assembling that does not permit, only with the superimposition
of the tiles and only with their weight, to have a total adhesion so to seal all the
interstices present. In this way very small spaces 5 are created between the upper
part of the downhill tile 1 and the lower part of the downdale tile 1. The presence
of said small spaces 5 comes to create phenomenon of water infiltrations. This infiltration
essentially due to two causes: 1) infiltration for capillarity between the surfaces,
or rather in the surfaces having the small spaces 5, or 2) atomization of water membranes
bring to the microcirculation near the tile, to the circulation of the currents around
the building or for the wind that is blowing in the surfaces where the water stagnation
happened. On this base it is necessary to determine smallest water stagnations in
the surfaces of joint of the tiles 1. To eliminate the infiltrations coming under
the tiles, the invented tile. 1 provides on the conventional ant i drop ribs 6 a groove
7 which stop the drops. Said groove 7 having the function to stop the drops, letting
out the same on the upper part of the underlying tile in relation to the sloop of
the roof, the same drops then falling down outside the covering. The invented bent
tile 1, characterized by suspended part 3, by the cylindric surface 4 and by the groove
7, besides to permit the seal again the infiltrations, permits also to arrange roofs
with smallest sloops, such as they are less subject to water stagnations and they
have a better fluidodinamic efficiency. Infact in the conventional roofs, with cut
of the tile perpendicular to the upper surface, it is developed the meniscus with
thickness of bigger dimension near the joint of the tiles. Said stagnation of liquid,
subjected to wind currents and nebulized, creates infiltrations undertile. The invented
tile 1, thanks to the suspended part 3, avoids the water harvest in said area. Moreover,
thanks to the cylindric convex, the parts of the drops bounce on the focus of the
cylindric surface placed out of the suspended part while the drops attached or make
a meniscus on said convex or falling down on the underlying tile if with big dimension.
In an other embodiment a bent tile 8 is provided with a different shape having the
cut of the tile round. Said tile 8 has a convex 8a so to make bounce the water drops
falling down in this area in a position more distant in comparision with what happens
with the tile having cut perpendicular to the upper surface. Moreover, such the adhesion
forces come to be perpendicular with the solid surface, the result of said forces
is inclined downward and added with the vector of the coesion forces gives a resultant
placed more downward: a meniscus lower is so obtained in comparison with the one that
is obtained in the conventional tiles with cut perpendicular to the upper surface.
Then, no having a surface perpendicular with the wind direction but rouding and aereodinamic,
the wind action will dissipate on said surface, such as on the upper surface of the
tile 1, the residual water stagnations placed onto the joint areas of the tiles. The
bent tile 8 with rounded cut like the bent tile 1 provides grooves 7 to stop the drops
and the water rills eventually infiltrated under the same tiles. The invented bent
tile 1 and the tile 8 with rounded cut are illustrated in indicative way in the drawings
of sheets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. In sheet 1 fig. 1 is section of tiles 1 placed in succession
with in evidence the breakdrop suspended part 3. In sheet 2 fig. 2 is schematic view
of what happens with the traditional tile actually in use. Fig. 3 is view of a particular
of the part of the upper tile placed onto the lower one and with the meniscus with
vectorial view of the adesion forces and of the coesion force with the result. It
is noted also che limit surface of the elastic membrane of the meniscus that, as known,
is distribuited with minimum volume. Fig. 4 is view of the shape of the tile 8 with
rounded cut. In sheet 3 fig. 5 is perspective view of some tiles 1 in position. In
sheet 4 fig. 6 is perspective view of some tiles 8 mounted. In sheet 5 fig. 7 is view
of a tile in its lower wall.
