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(11) | EP 1 598 302 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
| published in accordance with Art. 158(3) EPC |
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| (54) | HOIST FOR ELEVATOR |
| (57) An elevator hoisting machine 100 according to the present invention includes a sheave
9b around which an elevator main rope 10 is wrapped, an electric motor 12 connected
to the sheave 9b to rotate the sheave 9b, a cylindrical brake drum 9c connected to
the sheave 9b and having an annular braking surface 9d on the inner peripheral surface
thereof, a braking device 13 provided on the inner side of the brake drum 9c and adapted
to brake the sheave 9b by pressing frictional members 17 against the braking surface
9d, and a first magnet 20 arranged so as to oppose the braking surface 9d and to be
detachable. |
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a thin-shaped elevator hoisting machine, and more particularly to an elevator hoisting machine with a built-in internal expanding braking device.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Regarding a conventional elevator hoisting machine, there has been proposed an arrangement in which, in order to make installation in a small space possible, a sheave and a brake drum are integrally provided on the outer peripheral surface of a substantially bowl-like member and in which an electric motor is formed in the periphery of the cylindrical brake drum, with a braking device being arranged on the inner side of the brake drum to thereby achieve a reduction in thickness.
[0003] In an elevator hoisting machine in which a braking device is thus arranged on the inner side of a cylindrical brake drum, an annular braking surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum, and the braking device presses a frictional member against this braking surface to thereby reduce the rotating speed of the brake drum. In this regard, a so-called internal expanding brake structure is generally adopted, in which a pair of brake shoes with frictional members at their distal ends operate so as to radially expand to press the frictional members against the braking surface (see, for example, JP 2000-289954 A, pages 3 and 4 and Figs. 1 through 6) .
[0004] In a conventional elevator hoisting machine with a so-called internal expanding braking device constructed as described above, the braking surface is gradually worn as it comes into contact with the frictional members, resulting in generation of abrasion powder, rust powder or the like. Of the particles of such abrasion powder or rust powder, those with a relatively large grain size are accumulated in the lower portion of the brake drum, and those with a relatively small grain size are scattered in a powder form inside the hoist, which is hermetically sealed. The presence of such abrasion powder or rust powder on the braking surface results in a rather unstable braking force. Thus, at the time of periodical maintenance and inspection, it is necessary to remove such abrasion powder or rust powder to keep the braking surface clean. However, in the conventional elevator hoisting machine, the operation of removing such abrasion powder or rust powder is not easy to perform; further, the removal operation must be conducted frequently, so that there is a demand for an improvement in this regard.
[0005] The present invention has been made with a view toward solving the above problem in the prior art. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator hoisting machine in which it is possible to keep the braking surface of the brake drum clean for a long period of time and in which abrasion powder or rust powder can be easily discharged at the time of maintenance and inspection.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0006] An elevator hoisting machine according to the present invention includes a sheave around which an elevator main rope is wrapped; an electric motor connected to the sheave to rotate the sheave; a cylindrical brake drum connected to the sheave and having an annular braking surface on an inner peripheral surface thereof; a braking device provided on an inner side of the brake drum to brake the sheave by pressing a frictional member against the braking surface; and a first magnet arranged so as to oppose the braking surface and to be detachable.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007]
Fig. 1 is a front view, as seen from the back plate side, of an elevator hoisting machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view, taken along the arrow line II-II, of the elevator hoisting machine of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view, taken along the arrow line III-III, of the elevator hoisting machine of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of a first magnet.
Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of a second magnet.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1
[0008] Fig. 1 is a front view, as seen from the back plate side, of an elevator hoisting machine according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view, taken along the arrow line II-II, of the elevator hoisting machine of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view, taken along the arrow line III-III of the elevator hoisting machine of Fig. 1. In Figs. 1 through 3, a hoist 100 has a housing 1 which is of a bowl-like configuration and which has on one side an opening 1a. At the center of a bottom portion 1b of the housing 1, there is formed a center hole 1c, and on the opening 1a side, there is formed a cylindrical portion 1d. The opening 1a of the housing 1 is closed by a flat back plate 2. Formed in the back plate 2 are two semicircular windows 2a provided for the purpose of allowing maintenance and inspection on a braking device 13 inside, which will be describedbelow. These two windows 2a are respectively closed by two rectangular plate-like cover members 4 each detachably fastened in the four corners by bolts 3. The cover members 4 prevent foreign matter from entering the interior of the hoist 100; when maintenance is to be performed on the braking device 13, the cover members 4 are removed from the back plate 2. The housing 1, the back plate 2, and the cover members 4, constructed as described above, constitute a casing forming inside a space that is hermetically closed. The casing is installed in a stationary portion in a hoistway (not shown), with its upper side, as seen in Fig. 1, facing upwards.
[0009] A fixation shaft 5, whose both ends are respectively supported at the center of the back plate 2 and at the center of the bottom surface of the housing 1, is provided so as to extend vertically from the bottom portion 1b of the housing 1 across the space in which a bowl-like member 9 (described below) and the braking device 13 are arranged and which is formed by the housing 1 and the back plate 2. The fixation shaft 5 is inserted from outside into the center hole 1c formed at the bottom portion 1b on the housing 1 side, and is fixed to the housing 1, with a flange portion formed at the rear of the fixation shaft being fastened to the periphery of the center hole 1c by bolts 6; its distal end on the other side abuts the inner surface of the back plate 2, and is fastened to the back plate 2 by a bolt 7 passed through the back plate 2. Over the entire periphery of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 1d of the housing 1, there is provided a stator 8.
[0010] The hermetically closed space formed by the housing 1 and the back plate 2 accommodates a substantially bowl-like member 9. The bowl-like member 9 is formed of an iron-type material, such as a casting or steel, and is arranged such that its bottom surface 9a is parallel to the bottom portion 1b of the housing 1, with its center being rotatably supported by the fixation shaft 5 through the intermediation of a bearing 10 so that it rotates with respect to the housing 1 and the back plate 2. The bowl-like member 9 is composed of a first cylindrical portion formed on the bottom surface 9a side and a second cylindrical portion formed on the opening edge side and having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first cylindrical portion, thus exhibiting a stepped sectional configuration. A sheave 9b is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical portion with the smaller diameter on the bottom surface 9a side. Four grooves around which main ropes 10 are wrapped are formed in the sheave 9b. Although not shown, a car and a counterweight are respectively connected to the ends of the main ropes 10. The second cylindrical portion with the larger diameter constitutes a brake drum 9c. On the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 9c, there is formed an annular braking surface 9d. A permanent magnet 11 is fixed to the entire periphery of the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 9c. The permanent magnet 11 is opposed to the stator 8, and constitutes an electric motor 12 in cooperation with the stator 8.
[0011] Further, on the inner side of the bowl-likemember 9, the braking device 13 composed of an electromagnetic brake is fixed to the back plate 2. The braking device 13 has an electromagnetic magnets 14 arranged at the center, stator cores 15 arranged on the outer sides of the electromagnetic magnets 14 and adapted to be attracted by the electromagnetic magnets 14, brake shoes 16 arranged upright radially outside the stator cores 15, frictional members 17 glued to the outer side surfaces of the brake shoes 16 and opposed to the braking surface 9d of the brake drum 9c, and coil springs 18 compressed between the electromagnetic magnets 14 and the stator cores 15 and urging the frictional members 17 so as to press their contact surfaces 17a against the braking surface 9d. The electromagnetic magnets 14, the stator cores 15, the brake shoes 16, the frictional members 17, and the coil springs 18 are arranged symmetrically, each in a pair respectively on both sides of the fixation shaft 5.
[0012] In the space between one end portion of the braking device 13, arranged on the lower side, and the bowl-like member 9, there is arranged, upright from the back plate 2, a substantially bar-like magnet 20 constituting the first magnet. The magnet 20 is composed of a columnar magnet main body 20a with a small diameter and a base portion 20b in the form of a bolt with a hexagonal hole at its forward end for fixing the magnet main body 20a; the magnet main body 20a is arranged so as to oppose the braking surface 9d of the brake drum 9c; and the magnet main body 20a is inserted from outside into a stepped mounting hole 2b formed in the back plate 2 and fixed by being threadedly engaged with a female screw portion formed in the small diameter hole of the stepped mounting hole 2b. Fig. 4 shows the configuration of the magnet 20. The magnet main body 20a is formed of a permanent magnet which is, for example, a ferrite-type material. Since the magnet main body 20a is smaller in diameter than the female screw portion of the stepped mounting hole 2b, the magnet 20 can be drawn out through the mounting hole 2b for maintenance and inspection. The substantially bar-shaped magnet 20 is arranged upright on the lower, inner side of the annular braking surface 9d so as to be parallel to the braking surface 9d, with a minute gap therebetween. The magnet 20 is provided so as to be circumferentially adjacent to the position where the frictional members 17 and the braking surface 9d come into contact with each other, quickly attracting any abrasion powder or rust powder generated on the braking surface 9d.
[0013] Further, substantially semicircular flat magnet plates 21 constituting the second magnet are respectively glued to the surfaces of the two cover members 4 facing the braking device 13 side, that is, the surfaces opposed to the space defined by the housing 1 and the back plate 2. Fig. 4 shows the configuration of the magnet plates 21. The magnet plates 21 are formed, for example, of a permanent magnet, which is a ferrite-type material. The magnet plates 21 are large enough to entirely close the semicircular windows 2a. The magnet plates 21 extend so as to cover the portions in which planes including the planes where the frictional members 17 and the braking surfaces 9d come into contact with each other cross the back plate 2 and the portions around the same. The magnet plates 21 attract abrasion powder and rust powder with small grain size scattered in the hermetically closed space inside the hoist. As stated above, the cover members 4 are detachable with respect to the back plate 2, so that, when the cover members 4 are removed, the magnet plates 21 can also be simultaneously removed.
[0014] During operation of the elevator, the movable cores 15 are attracted by the attraction force of the electromagnetic magnets 14 against the restoring force of the coil springs 18, and predetermined gaps are formed between the frictional members 17 and the braking surface 9d of the brake drum 9c, whereby no braking force is generated. In contrast, when the elevator is at rest, the electromagnetic magnets 14 have no attraction force, and the frictional members 17 are pressed against the braking surface 9d due to the restoring force of the coil springs 18, whereby a braking force is generated and the sheave 9b stops.
[0015] In the elevator hoisting machine constructed as described above, the hoist 100 is installed at a predeterminedposition in the hoistway, and the main ropes 10 are wrapped around the sheave 9b. The sheave 9b is rotated by the electric motor 12 composed of the stator 8 and the permanent magnet 11, and the main ropes 10 are driven, causing the car and the counterweight (not shown) to ascend and descend in opposite directions.
[0016] The elevator hoisting machine 100 of this embodiment is equipped with the sheave 9b around which the elevator main ropes 10 are wrapped, the electric motor 12 connected to the sheave 9b and adapted to rotate the sheave 9b, the cylindrical brake drum 9c connected to the sheave 9b and having on the inner peripheral surface thereof the annular braking surface 9d, the braking device 13 provided on the inner side of the brake drum 9c and adapted to brake the sheave 9b by pressing the frictional members 17 against the braking surface 9d, and the first magnet 20 provided so as to oppose the braking surface 9d and to be detachable, so that any abrasion powder or rust powder generated on the braking surface 9d of the brake drum 9c is quickly attracted by the first magnet 20. As a result, the braking surface 9d of the brake drum 9c is kept clean for a long period of time, whereby an improvement is achieved in terms of the reliability of the operation of the braking device 13 and, at the same time, a reduction is achieved in the frequency of removal of abrasion powder and rust powder at the time of maintenance and inspection. Further, the first magnet 20 is detachably provided, so that the operation of removing abrasion powder and rust powder at the time of maintenance and inspection is facilitated, and the operation time is shortened.
[0017] Further, in the vicinity of the side portions of the contact surfaces 17a of the frictional members 17 pressed against the braking surface 9d, there are further provided the second magnets 21 that are detachable, so that any abrasion powder or rust powder scattered in the hermetically closed space is attracted by the second magnets 21, whereby the braking surface 9d is kept still cleaner. Further, since the second magnets 21 are also detachably provided, the operation of removing abrasion powder and rust powder at the time of maintenance and inspection is facilitated, and the operation time is shortened.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
1. An elevator hoisting machine comprising:
a sheave around which an elevator main rope is wrapped;
an electric motor connected to the sheave to rotate the sheave;
a cylindrical brake drum connected to the sheave and having an annular braking surface on an inner peripheral surface thereof;
a braking device provided on an inner side of the brake drum to brake the sheave by pressing a frictional member against the braking surface; and
a first magnet arranged so as to oppose the braking surface and to be detachable.
2. An elevator hoisting machine according to Claim 1, further comprising a second magnet
detachably provided in the vicinity of a side portion of a contact surface of the
frictional member pressed against the braking surface.