Removable construction structure, particularly for dry construction of buildings and portions of buildings

Abstract

 A removable construction structure, particularly for the dry construction of buildings and portions of buildings, including a plurality of construction components which are adapted to build stackable and interlockable courses, in which each one of the construction components includes a central body, which is constituted by a fixed portion, and a lateral body, which is joined to the fixed portion so as to be monolithic therewith. The central body can be detachably engaged with the central bodies of adjacent construction components related to the same course. A detachable engagement means detachably engages the lateral body of construction components that belong to a first course with the central body of construction components that belong to a second course, which is contiguous but not coplanar with respect to the first course. The structure can be optionally completed by enclosing the wall between outer layers, which allow to utilize extremely useful and versatile technical areas for the passage of utilities and/or for ventilation.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a removable construction structure particularly for the dry construction of buildings and portions of buildings.

[0002] As it is known, according to usual construction methods, the walls and partitions of buildings are generally obtained by stacking successive courses of blocks or bricks joined by means of beds of mortar.

[0003] The limits of tensile strength and the lack of continuity of structures built in this way are partly overcome by reinforcing the masonry with vertical and horizontal metallic reinforcement frames.

[0004] Even better cohesion of the walls is offered in other cases by the use of blocks that provide interlocking, by means of a special design of the shapes, which provides slots on the upper face of the blocks and, on the vertical faces, a shape which allows perfect interlocking among the components, without having to bind them with mortar to the adjacent components.

[0005] Other constructive systems instead use particular articles, commonly known as ground bricks, which have the appearance of perforated bricks provided with holes whose axes are parallel to the shorter dimension and with parallel and longitudinal slots.

[0006] These bricks, commonly obtained by extrusion, are subjected to grinding after firing, in order to eliminate on the two superimposable faces the deformations caused by the cutting of the extruded component and by firing.

[0007] In addition to reducing the transmittance of the masonry, the function of the holes is to accommodate pins that facilitate the laying of the components and their correct mutual arrangement, while the surface slots are arranged so as to form continuous channels that accommodate optional reinforcement rods, subsequently embedded in the cement mortar.

[0008] Although the above system allows savings on execution times and on the consumption of mortar, providing as an alternative the use of special adhesives and introducing advantages in relation to the increase in structural stability and the reduction of the difficulties related to laying, it has problems linked first of all to the impossibility to disassemble the erected structures if necessary.

[0009] If it is necessary to eliminate or, more simply, move a wall built with the classic methods described above, the only solution is to demolish it without any possibility of recovering the materials used.

[0010] Another negative aspect of the solutions described above is the inability to absorb the considerable diagonal tensions that might occur within the structure in case of an earthquake, and which would mainly affect the layer of adhesive, with possible disastrous consequences.

[0011] Another drawback of these structures also arises in relation to the need to arrange vertically the electrical and hydraulic.utilities: in this case it is necessary to provide chases within the walls. The chases, in addition to being an unpleasant and expensive intervention, significantly affect the structural solidity of the buildings, especially in areas that are subject to the already-mentioned seismic phenomena.

[0012] Moreover, it should be noted that the presence of mortar joints interposed between the components used, and the optional reinforcement with iron and cement mortar, introduce a considerable number of thermal bridges in the structure, causing a considerable reduction of the thermal insulation properties of the building.

[0013] The aim of the invention is therefore to solve the problems and drawbacks described above, by providing a removable construction structure which can bind its components in all three directions of space although it is laid dry.

[0014] Within the scope of this aim, a particular object of the invention is to provide a removable construction structure in which all the components can be assembled and disassembled easily, thus allowing to disassemble them at any time during the life of the building and reassemble them to form a new structure, with a considerable saving in labor and materials.

[0015] A further object of the invention is to provide a removable construction structure in which the components allow to form, within the walls, on one or both faces, chases which can be dedicated to utilities, facilitating the installation of all the utilities, or to the ventilation of the outside wall, reducing the wind factor in cold seasons and the effect of exposure to the sun in warm seasons.

[0016] A further object of the invention is to provide a removable construction structure in which the components can be manufactured by using current production technologies.

[0017] This aim and these and other objects, which will become better apparent hereinafter, are achieved by a removable construction structure, particularly for the dry construction of buildings and portions of buildings, comprising a plurality of construction components adapted to build stackable and interlockable courses, each one of said construction components comprising a central body, which is constituted by at least one fixed portion, and at least one lateral body, which is joined to the fixed portion so as to be monolithic therewith, said central body being detachably engageable with the central bodies of adjacent construction components related to the same course, characterized in that it comprises a detachable engagement means, adapted to detachably engage the lateral body of construction components that belong to a first course with the central body of construction components that belong to a second course, the second course being contiguous but not coplanar with respect to the first course.

[0018] Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a removable construction structure according to the invention, illustrated by way of nonlimiting example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 2 is another perspective view of a removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a component of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 4 is another perspective view of the component of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a front view of the component of the two Figures 3 and 4;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the component of the preceding figures;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of another component of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 8 is a plan view of the component of Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a corner portion of a removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 10 is a perspective view of a portion of a cross-like portion of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 11 is a perspective view of a T-shaped portion of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 12 is an enlarged-scale perspective view of a portion of removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 13 is an enlarged-scale perspective view of a detail of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 14 is an enlarged-scale perspective view of another component of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 15 is an enlarged-scale front view of a detail of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 16 is another perspective view of a removable constructive structure according to the invention;

Figure 17 is a perspective view of a component of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 18 is a perspective view of another component of the removable construction structure according to the invention;

Figure 19 is a plan view of the component of Figure 18;

Figure 20 is a front view of the component of Figures 18 and 19;

Figure 21 is a plan view of a removable construction structure according to the invention, which uses the component of the preceding figures.

[0019] With reference to the cited figures, a removable construction structure, generally designated by the reference numeral 1, is formed by a plurality of construction components, which are suitable to build stackable and interlockable courses, which can be built dry or with the simple aid of an appropriate adhesive, but without necessarily resorting to beds of mortar.

[0020] In the construction components, which have a different shape depending on their function and are constituted substantially by a plurality of contoured blocks 20, by a plurality of stringers 120, and by a plurality of simple engagement blocks 220, it is possible to identify a central body, respectively designated by the reference numerals 21, 121 and 221, which is joined at least partially to a lateral body, respectively designated by the reference numerals 22, 122, and 222, so as to form a monolithic body with the latter.

[0021] More particularly, while the simple engagement blocks 220 and the contoured blocks 20 are constituted by a single central body, respectively 221 and 21, which in the latter blocks is monolithic with a single lateral body 22, the stringers 120 are formed by a central body 121, which can be divided into a fixed portion and a movable portion 124, which can be joined to the fixed portion detachably during laying, by resorting for example to ordinary screws, or can be omitted if the stringers 120 act as a footing for the entire structure.

[0022] Both the stringers 120 and the simple engagement blocks 220 also include a second lateral body, respectively designated by the reference numerals 123 and 223, which also is monolithic with the central bodies 121 and 221 and with the lateral bodies 122 and 222.

[0023] In each contoured block 20, the lateral body 22 and the central body 21 are mutually offset and arranged so as to form respectively an inner face 25 and an outer face 26, which are substantially vertical after the contoured block 20 has been laid.

[0024] In each stringer 120, too, the lateral bodies 122 and 123 and the central body 121 are mutually offset and arranged so as to form respectively two inner faces 125 and 127 and two outer faces 126 and 128, which are substantially vertical after laying the stringer 120, the last faces being formed by means of the movable portion 124, when present.

[0025] Likewise, in each simple engagement block 220, the lateral bodies 222 and 223 and the central body 221 are mutually offset and arranged so as to form respectively two inner faces 225 and 227 and two outer faces 226 and 228, which are substantially vertical after the simple engagement block 220 has been laid.

[0026] According to the invention, the construction components of the removable construction structure 1 have a removable engagement means 2, which detachably engages the lateral bodies, that can be equally the bodies 22, 122 and 123, or 222 and 223, of the construction components of a first course 3, with the central bodies, that can be equally the bodies 21, 121, or 221, of the construction components of a second course 4, which is not coplanar with respect to the first course 3 and is superimposed thereon during laying.

[0027] Specifically, the removable engagement means includes at least one first recess 5, which is formed longitudinally by each of the lateral bodies 22, 122 and 123, 222 and 223 at their inner faces, respectively 25, 125 and 127, 225 and 227, and at least one second recess 6, which is formed longitudinally by each one of the central bodies 21, 121, 221 at their outer faces, respectively 26, 126 and 128, 226 and 228, and a plurality of pins 7.

[0028] The transverse cross-section of the pins 7 is substantially complementary with respect to the cross-section of the cavity obtained by arranging a first recess 5, related to the first course 3, so that it faces a second recess 6, related to the second course 4, so as to be able to enter the cavity during construction.

[0029] During the laying of the removable construction structure 1, a plurality of courses are in fact superimposed, in each instance making the recesses 6 face the recesses 5 of an underlying course.

[0030] In order to reduce the friction that would occur during insertion of the pins 7 in the cavities formed by the recesses 5 and 6, an attempt is made to reduce the points of contact between the surfaces involved by forming on the inner surface of the recesses 5 and 6 a plurality of ridges 10 arranged longitudinally as shown in Figure 13.

[0031] Another refinement, which can be adopted as an alternative to, or simultaneously with, the one described above, consists in shaping appropriately the profile of the transverse cross-section of the pins 7, as shown in Figure 14.

[0032] During assembly, or if it is necessary to disassemble the entire removable construction structure 1, the insertion and extraction of the pins 7 is facilitated by two holes 8 and 9, which are formed substantially at right angles to the bases of the pins 7 and allow to use a suitable pneumatic or electric insertion/extraction tool.

[0033] In order to increase their retention, the pins 7 can be constituted by a fixed core joined to a skirt which can expand by screwing or by way of simple rotations.

[0034] The construction components of the removable construction structure 1 can be provided with a sealing means 10, which is interposed between the various courses and between the contoured blocks 20 or between the simple engagement blocks 220 of the same course, in order to avoid the risk of water infiltrations, which might occur if the built structure is rough and therefore exposed to the atmospheric agents, in view of the absence of mortar and of external plaster.

[0035] The sealing means 10 comprises a slot 11, which is formed on each lateral body, and a gasket 12, which is positioned during laying within the gap obtained by arranging side by side and face to face the slots 11 of construction components which are adjacent and related to non-coplanar courses.

[0036] Depending on the various requirements, each slot 11 can in fact affect only the upper and lower surfaces of the lateral bodies or can extend perimetrically so as to also affect the two contiguous faces, thus forming a closed path.

[0037] A further characteristic of the construction components described so far is the possibility to include one or more technical compartments, generally designated by the reference numeral 14 and formed by the lateral bodies 22, 122 and 123, 222 and 223.

[0038] When provided, the technical compartments 14 pass vertically through the lateral bodies, forming sorts of channels which lie between their upper and lower surfaces.

[0039] The main function of these technical compartments 14 is to form from the outset, within the walls built by superimposing the various courses, vertical chases which run from the floor to the ceiling and allow in a very convenient manner the passage of all the vertical utilities, be they electrical or hydraulic.

[0040] These vertical chases, also with the aid of horizontal perforated chases 15, which affect them proximate to the floor and ceiling, allow to pass easily pipes and cables both during construction and during the life of the building, without resorting to later interventions, which are extremely dangerous from the structural point of view and are thermally disadvantageous.

[0041] The contoured blocks 20 that compose the various courses and the simple engagement blocks 220 can be joined in the vertical direction as well as in the two directions of the horizontal plane, because of the presence of a contoured interlocking portion 27 in the central body 21 and of two engagement portions 229a and 229b, in the blocks 220. The engagement portions 229a and 229b join them transversely with respect to the masonry, in addition of course to the retention that the inner faces 25, 125 and 127, 225 and 227, and the outer faces 26, 126 and 128, 226 apply to each other when the various courses have been superimposed.

[0042] The profile of the transverse cross-section of the contoured interlocking portion 27 is substantially C-shaped or Ω-shaped, as shown respectively in Figures 8 and 6, and allows to engage the central body 21 of each contoured block 20 with the central bodies 21 of the two adjacent contoured blocks 20 related to the same course.

[0043] Likewise, the engagement portions 229a and 229b, the transverse profile of which is substantially complementary although the portions are shaped in different manners, protrude from the two faces that delimit longitudinally each simple engagement block 220, allowing to engage it with the two simple engagement blocks 220 that are adjacent and related to the same course.

[0044] In order to facilitate the laying of the simple engagement blocks 220 and of the contoured blocks 20 and their correct mutual positioning, and in order to further tie the entire structure vertically, giving it greater stability, on the central body 221 of the former blocks there are vertical through holes 230, while on opposite faces of the contoured interlocking portion 27 of the latter blocks there are vertical grooves 28, which by facing each other during the laying of the various contoured blocks 20 also give rise to through holes in this case.

[0045] The holes allow to insert a vertical reinforcement means, which is substantially of two different types.

[0046] The first type is constituted by dowels 13, which are shaped in a manner similar to the pins 7, are appropriately sized and allow, when inserted vertically in the through holes 230 or in the vertical grooves 28, to center correctly and bind the simple engagement blocks 220 or the contoured blocks 20 of a given course with those of the underlying course.

[0047] The second type is constituted by threaded bars 29, which are optionally formed by a plurality of modules, and run from the floor to the ceiling, binding vertically all the courses of simple interlocking blocks 220 or the contoured blocks 20 comprised between two stringers 120.

[0048] It is also possible to insert metallic frames as a reinforcement. Such metallic frames are subsequently embedded in the cement mortar or in resins having various compositions.

[0049] As an alternative to the holes with dowels, for the horizontal centering of the blocks it is possible to form, on the upper or lower surface of each block, at least two protrusions of any shape and size and, on the opposite face, a corresponding number of recesses which are shaped substantially complementarily with respect to the protrusions.

[0050] The interlocking portions for alignment can be provided both by extrusion and subsequent milling and by molding.

[0051] In order to ensure the best thermal insulation characteristics combined with the necessary structural solidity, the contoured blocks and the simple interlocking blocks, in addition to having a high percentage of holes, can be made of alveolar masonry, while the stringers 120 can be made of wood or derivatives thereof or cement material or other materials.

[0052] In providing the stringers 120, their transverse cross-section can be narrower than the cross-section of the contoured blocks 20 or the simple engagement blocks 220, so that the superimposition of the engagement blocks on the stringers provides on the wall a stringcourse recess, with can be filled conveniently with a panel which can be covered with plaster 130 or with a rough wood panel 131, which is fitted after the building yard has been completed and optionally can be replaced during the life of the building.

[0053] Another refinement consists in forming, on one or both lateral bodies of the stringers 120, a ledge 129, which is suitable to support a floor slab 16, disengaging it from the masonry while allowing the passage of the utilities from one floor to the other by virtue of the presence of technical compartments 14.

[0054] Perfect adhesion among the contoured blocks 20, which are manufactured with methods for extrusion and subsequent milling, or by molding, is achieved by forming on the contact surfaces thereof small protrusions which are subsequently ground.

[0055] The risk of chipping is avoided by means of bevels or recesses of the sharp edges of the construction components.

[0056] The assembly and use of the structure according to the invention are described hereinafter.

[0057] As a footing for the entire structure, a first stringer 120 is used which lacks the movable portion 124 and is fixed to the foundation or floor in the place where it is necessary to erect a wall.

[0058] In the case of a wall that faces outside, with the entire structure accordingly designed to remain rough, a gasket 12 is inserted in the slot 11.

[0059] The first course of contoured blocks 20 is then laid, making the outer faces 26 thereof mate with the inner faces 125 and 127 of the lateral bodies 122 and 123 of the stringer 120 and engaging the contoured interlocking portion 27 of the contoured block 20 with the contoured interlocking portions 27 of its two adjacent contoured blocks, as clearly shown in Figure 16.

[0060] As an alternative, it is possible to use the simple interlocking blocks 220, in which case it is necessary to make the outer faces 226 and 228 of the latter mate with the inner faces 125 and 127 of the lateral bodies 122 and 123 of the stringer 120, and engage the engagement portions 229 of each simple engagement block 220 with the engagement portions 229 of its two adjacent simple engagement blocks, as shown in Figure 21.

[0061] In this manner, the slot 11 of the contoured blocks 20 or of the simple engagement blocks 220 compresses the gasket 12, pressing it both against the stringer 120 and against the adjacent blocks, while the recesses 5 of the stringer 120 and the recesses 6 of the blocks face each other, forming cavities in which the pins 7 are inserted, allowing from the outset to bind the structure vertically.

[0062] These operations are repeated by superimposing the various courses of contoured blocks 20 or of simple engagement blocks 220, optionally interleaved with thin layers of adhesive, until an additional stringer 120 is placed when the intended height is reached.

[0063] Walls built according to what has been described above are formed at least by one structural core composed of three layers: an inner layer, which is constituted by the central bodies related to the various courses, which are tied vertically so as to form together a single body along the entire extension of the wall, and two outer layers, which enclose it and complete the structure.

[0064] As described, in addition to this multilayer structural core, optionally there can be also one or two functional layers which enclose it, allowing to use extremely useful and versatile technical compartments 14 which can also be used for ventilation.

[0065] In order to facilitate the installation of the construction components and their correct mutual placement, the dowels 13 described earlier are gradually inserted vertically in the vertical grooves 28 or in the through holes 230, while the threaded bars 29, which are used together with the dowels or as an alternative thereto, allow to further tie the entire structure, being fixed to sleeves or bushes which are preassembled on the stringers 120.

[0066] If it is necessary to provide vertical utilities, it is sufficient to use construction components provided with the technical compartments 14 and superimpose them so as to form vertical chases which run from the floor to the ceiling.

[0067] The courses of contoured blocks 20 or of simple engagement blocks 220 which lie proximate to the stringers 120 can optionally lack the technical compartments 14, forming a horizontal recess, which is subsequently occupied by perforated chases 15 with a spacing and cross-section equal to those formed by the various blocks, and the cover 17 of which, made of the most appropriate materials also from an aesthetic standpoint, can act as a skirting board.

[0068] This refinement, which becomes even more advantageous if used in combination with floors provided with a technical compartment for utilities, allows to avoid expensive and dangerous subsequent interventions for breaking up and filling in.

[0069] With a system of mills, it is possible to provide holes in the wall, even if it is plastered, by affecting the vertical chases formed previously, passing cables and pipes by means of appropriate probes, and subsequently installing boxes for plug-in components, which are bonded by adhesives or by expansion.

[0070] As shown in Figure 1, during installation it is also possible to alternate the use of construction components provided with the technical compartments 14 with other constructive components which lack them, thus forming recesses 18 of various sizes, which can be used to insert electrical panels or manifolds, stacks, risers of particularly bulky pipes, and anything else necessary.

[0071] The spaces for doors and windows are instead obtained by using the stringers 120 as architraves and tying them to the entire structure along the three axes, whilst corners, intersections and the like are obtained with the aid of a small number of special parts, as shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11.

[0072] In practice it has been found that the removable construction structure according to the invention fully achieves the intended aim and objects, since it ensures the possibility to bind even without mortar its components in all three directions of space.

[0073] The components that constitute the structure according to the invention can be disassembled and reassembled easily, in addition to allowing to form chases dedicated to utilities and ventilation internally and/or externally, with respect to the walls.

[0074] The removable construction structure thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims. All the details may be replaced with other technically equivalent elements.

[0075] In practice, the materials used, so long as they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the contingent shapes and dimensions, may be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.

Claims

1. A removable construction structure, particularly for the dry construction of buildings and portions of buildings, comprising a plurality of construction components adapted to build stackable and interlockable courses, each of said construction components comprising a central body, which is constituted by at least one fixed portion, and at least one lateral body, which is joined to said fixed portion so as to be monolithic therewith, said central body being detachably engageable with the central bodies of adjacent construction components related to the same course, characterized in that it comprises a detachable engagement means, adapted to detachably engage said lateral body of construction components that belong to a first course with said central body of construction components that belong to a second course, said second course being contiguous but not coplanar with respect to said first course.

2. The removable construction structure according to claim 1, characterized in that said second course is arranged above said first course during the installation of said construction components.

3. The removable construction structure according to claim 2, characterized in that said lateral body forms at least one internal face, said lateral body being offset with respect to said central body, said internal face being contiguous to said central body and being substantially vertical after the installation of said construction component.

4. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said central body forms at least one outer face and is offset with respect to said lateral body, said outer face being contiguous to said lateral body and being substantially vertical after the installation of said construction component.

5. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said removable engagement means comprises at least one first recess, which is formed longitudinally by each one of said lateral bodies at said inner face, at least one second recess, which is formed longitudinally by each one of said central bodies at said outer face, and a plurality of pins, which have a transverse cross-section which is substantially complementary to the transverse cross-section of a cavity obtained by arranging said first recess so that it faces said second recess, said pins being inserted in said cavity during the laying of said construction components.

6. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cavity comprises said first recess, which relates to said lateral body of said construction components that belong to said first course, and said second recess, which relates to said central body of said constructive components that belong to said second course, said two recesses matching up and facing each other during the laying of said construction components.

7. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cavity comprises a plurality of ridges formed longitudinally on the internal surface of said two recesses and suitable to reduce the contact surface between said cavity and said pins.

8. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profile of the transverse cross-section of said pins comprises a contoured portion, which reduces the surface of contact between said cavity and said pins.

9. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said pins comprises at least one hole, which is formed in a direction which is substantially parallel to the direction of the longitudinal axis of said pin, said hole allowing the assembly and the extraction of said pin from said cavity during the disassembly of said construction components.

10. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said pins comprises at least one fixed core, which is joined to at least one skirt, which is expansible by screwing or by way of simple rotations.

11. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said constructed components comprises a sealing means interposed between said coplanar contiguous construction components and between said non-coplanar contiguous construction components.

12. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said sealing means comprises at least one slot, which is formed at least on the upper and lower- surfaces of said lateral body, and at least one gasket, which has a transverse cross-section which is substantially complementary to the transverse cross-section of a gap which is obtained by arranging said slots related to said contiguous construction components and related to said non-coplanar construction components so that they face each other, said gasket being arranged inside said gap during the installation of said construction components.

13. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said lateral body comprises at least one technical compartment, which passes vertically through said lateral body and is formed between said upper surface of said lateral body and said lower surface of said lateral body.

14. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said technical compartments related to said construction components that belong to said first course can be aligned vertically during laying with respect to said technical compartments related to said construction components that belong to said second course, said compartments forming a plurality of vertical chases.

15. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plurality of construction components comprises a plurality of stringers constituted by a central body and two lateral bodies.

16. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said central body of said stringers comprises a movable portion, which can be coupled rigidly to said fixed portion and forms said outer face.

17. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of said lateral bodies of said stringers comprises at least one ledge which is formed monolithically and supports a floor slab.

18. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plurality of construction components comprises a plurality of contoured blocks.

19. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said central body of said contoured blocks comprises a contoured interlocking portion, which has a substantially C-shaped transverse sectional profile and is suitable to detachably engage said central body with the central bodies of adjacent contoured blocks related to the same course.

20. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said central body of said contoured blocks comprises a contoured interlocking portion, which has a substantially Ω-shaped transverse sectional profile and is suitable to engage detachably said central body with the central bodies of adjacent contoured blocks which relate to the same course.

21. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said contoured interlocking portion comprises at least two vertical grooves formed on opposite faces of said contoured interlocking portion so as to match vertical grooves formed on said central bodies of said adjacent contoured blocks related to the same course, said vertical grooves accommodating a vertical reinforcement means which can be inserted during the installation of said construction components.

22. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said vertical reinforcement means comprises a plurality of dowels similar to said pins.

23. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said vertical reinforcement means comprises a plurality of threaded bars, which can be fixed to said stringers.

24. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said contoured blocks comprise a plurality of protrusions, said protrusions being formed on the contact surfaces of said contoured blocks and being ground during production.

25. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said plurality of construction components comprises a plurality of simple interlocking blocks, said simple interlocking blocks being constituted by a central body and two lateral bodies.

26. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said simple interlocking blocks comprises at least one pair of engagement portions, said engagement portions protruding from the two faces that delimit longitudinally each simple engagement block and being shaped in various manners.

27. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said engagement portions have a substantially complementary transverse profile, said engagement portions being suitable to engage detachably each one of said simple engagement blocks with the adjacent simple engagement blocks related to the same course.

28. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said central body of each one of said simple interlocking blocks comprises at least two through holes which are formed vertically and are suitable to accommodate said vertical reinforcement means, which can be inserted during the installation of said construction components.

29. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said simple interlocking blocks comprise a plurality of protrusions, which are formed on the contact surfaces of said simple interlocking blocks and are ground during production.

30. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said construction components comprises a plurality of protrusions formed on said upper surface and a plurality of recesses formed on said lower surface, said recesses being shaped substantially complementarily with respect to said protrusions, said protrusions and said recesses being suitable in combination to center horizontally said non-coplanar construction components.

31. The removable construction structure according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that each one of said construction components comprises a plurality of protrusions formed on said lower surface and a plurality of recesses formed on said upper surface, said recesses being shaped substantially complementarily with respect to said protrusions, said protrusions and said recesses being suitable in combination to center horizontally said non-coplanar construction components.

Drawing