FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to toilet cistern flushing valve mechanisms, and particularly
to dual quantity flushing valve mechanisms.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Due to increasing population and limited resources of fresh water supply, conservation
of water is becoming important. A significant source of water consumption, in the
domestic arena is the water used in flushing toilets. It is well appreciated that
in some cases a full volume flush is not required to clean out a toilet bowl.
[0003] Thus, there has been an increase in recent years in demand and development of toilets
fitted with a dual cistern flushing mechanism, such that the amount of water used
for each flush is determined by the individual, allowing consumption of less water
during certain flush cycles. In fact, some countries have regulated this matter and
it is mandatory that each cistern be fitted with a dual flushing mechanism.
[0004] Various dual flush mechanisms have been developed over the years for the purpose
of providing the option of a full or long flush cycle for solid waste, or a short
or partial flush cycle for liquid waste.
[0005] One type of dual flush mechanisms comprises a single operating actuator, a first
activation thereof opens the valve to flush the toilet bowl and a second activation
is required to cease operation thereof, namely to shut water flow to the toilet bowl.
[0006] The more popular type of dual flushing mechanisms, typically comprises two different
flush cycles achieved by the flush valve being adapted for two positions, whereby
each cycle is activated by a separate knob or handle. The two positions may be at
different heights with respect to the bottom of the closet's tank. The actuation of
the knob linked to an upper valve position will produce a short or partial flush,
while the actuation of a lower valve position will produce a long or full flush. The
length of the flush cycle is a function of the height of the flush valve with respect
to the closet's bottom wall. The higher the valve is from the closet's bottom wall,
the smaller the volume of water that will be discharged. Accordingly, the flushing
of liquid waste, for example, requires the pressing of the upper flush valve position
operating knob since only a small amount of water is required for the flushing, while
the flushing of solid waste requires the pressing of the knob linked to the lower
flushing valve position whereby a longer flush or a larger volume of flush water is
produced. In this way, water conservation is ensured.
[0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide a dual flush mechanism of simple
construction, and which may be adjusted to adapt to different designs of toilet cisterns,
i.e. the height of the mechanism is adjustable to accommodate the variation in tank
size.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] According to the present invention there is provided a toilet cistern flushing valve
of compact size, rendering it suitable for installation in cisterns of different configurations,
e.g. substantially large or small cisterns, with long/short flush actuators of different
configurations (push buttons, levers, etc.)
[0009] The invention thus calls for a dual quantity flushing valve mechanism comprising:
a housing having a base fitting for attachment to a water outlet of a toilet cistern;
an overflow tube axially displaceable within the housing and having a bottom portion
extending substantially coaxial within the housing, a top portion parallel to said
bottom portion and extending outside of the housing, and an intermediate, inclined
portion extending between the top portion and the bottom and projecting through the
housing, there being a seal disc fitted at a bottom of the bottom portion for sealing
engagement of the water outlet;
an internal float coaxial over the bottom portion of the overflow tube, having an
axial displacement restrictor articulated thereto;
an external float fixed to the overflow tube; and
an operating mechanism fitted within the housing, for axial displacement of the overflow
tube, however with selective axial displacement of the internal float responsive to
a operating a long flush actuator or a short flush actuator, articulated with said
operating mechanism.
[0010] According to some particular embodiments of the present invention, any of the following
arrangements may be incorporated in the flushing mechanism:
- a top end of the top portion may be fitted with a telescopic extension piece, for
calibrating overfill water level with the cistern.
- the external float may be axially displaceable so as to calibrate the amount of water
discharged at a short flush.
- the external float is axially displaceable by a rack extending outside of said housing
and fixedly attached to the overflow tube.
- the external float is articulated to the bottom portion of the overflow tube via a
slot formed in the housing.
- the operating mechanism comprises a short flush rocker lever and a long flush rocker
lever pivotally secured within the housing, said rocker levers being engageable at
one end to the respective long flush actuator and the short flush actuator, and an
opposite end to the overflow tube, for elevation thereof within the housing, and where
said short flush rocker lever is articulated with a barrier member such that pivotal
displace of the short flush rocker lever entails pivotal displacement of the barrier
into a position for encountering the axial displacement restrictor of the internal
float.
- the long flush actuator and the short flush actuator are push buttons fitted in a
top cover mounted on the housing.
- the push buttons are each fitted with a length-adjustable stem for engaging a corresponding
rocker lever of the operating mechanism.
- the long flush actuator and the short flush actuator are pull levers articulated to
lever arms.
- upwards axial displacement of the internal float is restricted by a lateral restriction
element fitted on the bottom portion of the overflow tube and adapted for engaging
a top face of the internal float.
- the housing is formed at its bottom with a compartment extending between a base portion
and a coaxial sleeve portion, slidingly accommodating the internal float, said compartment
fitted at its bottom with an outlet for slow release of water to thereby create a
damping effect and impede descent of the internal float.
- the size of the outlet is controllable for calibrating the internal float descending
rate.
- the base fitting is articulated to a base coupler attached in turn to a water outlet
of a toilet cistern.
[0011] According to another aspect of the invention there is a toilet flushing cistern fitted
with a dual quantity flushing valve mechanism as described herein above.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to understand the invention and to see how it may be carried out in practice,
some embodiments will now be described, by way of nonlimiting examples only, with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a view of the inside of a toilet cistern (sectioned) comprising a flushing valve
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the valve illustrated in a full-flush
position;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a button-operated flushing valve, in full-flush position,
with a portion of the housing and cap sectioned, according to an embodiment of the
present invention;
Fig. 3 is a perspective, exploded view of the button-operated flushing valve;
Fig. 4 is a top perspective view illustrating the operating mechanism;
Fig. 5 is an isometric view illustrating a full-flush position of only the internal float
and the operating mechanism;
Fig. 6 is an isometric view illustrating a half-flush position of only the internal float
and the operating mechanism
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a bottom portion of the housing of the valve according to
the invention, formed with a controllable outlet lever; and
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of an operating mechanism articulated with a lever-operated
flushing valve, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
[0013] Attention is first directed to Fig. 1 of the drawings for understanding the construction
and usage of the flushing valve in accordance with the present invention generally
designated
10.
[0014] The flushing valve
10 is disposed within a toilet cistern
12. The cistern
12 comprises an inlet
14 for water flow entry into the cistern
12, a float control mechanism
15 coupled to the inlet
14, for regulating water flow into the cistern
12. An outlet
16 is disposed at a bottom portion of the cistern
12 and is coupled to a toilet bowl (not shown). An operation mechanism
18 is fitted on the top of the cistern
12 and is articulated to the flushing valve
10 for operation thereof.
[0015] The flushing valve
10 is secured to the outlet
16 via a base coupler
20. The base coupler
20 has slots
21 formed therein, through which the base coupler
20 is in fluid communication with the cistern
12. As will be explained in greater detail hereinafter, the flushing valve
10 comprises an annular plug
22, fitted with an annular seal
23, extending within the base coupler
20, adapted for sealing water passage into the outlet
16, whenever the flushing valve is in its closed position.
[0016] As can further be seen in Figs. 2 and 3 there is illustrated a button operated flushing
valve
10, comprising a half-flush mode and a full-flush mode as will be explained hereinafter
in detail. The valve
10 comprises a substantially cylindrical housing
32 (which in the drawings is partially concealed to facilitate viewing of the internal
components therein). The housing
32 comprises an open top portion
34, and is formed with a large slot
38, a small slot
40 and several notches
42 disposed adjacent to the top portion
34, adapted for fastening different covers thereto, as will be discussed hereinafter.
The housing
32 further comprises a bottom portion
43, formed with a downwardly extending rim
44 for detachably connecting to the base coupler
20, and a propulsion inlet
48 formed therein (elaborated in connection with Fig. 7).
[0017] The large slot
38 extends from about slightly higher than the middle of the housing
32 to the top portion
34. The small slot
40 is disposed diametrically opposite to the large slot
38, extending upwardly from about the middle of the housing
32 a length, for example. However, position of the small slot
40 may differ with respect to the position of the large slot
38.
[0018] The housing
32 is detachably secured to the base coupler
20 by snap coupling, however it may be secured in other ways, e.g., by threaded coupling,
bayonet coupling, etc., and typically the arrangement is such that the housing
32 may be rotatably fixed with respect to the base coupler
20. The base coupler
20 has an externally threaded tubular bottom portion
50 and is fitted for projecting through an opening formed at a bottom wall of the cistern
12 and is connectable by said threading to outlet pipe
16 which as discussed hereinabove in connection with in Fig. 1, is coupled in turn to
a toilet bowl (typically via an intermediate pipe segment, not shown).
[0019] A non-linear overflow pipe and float guide
62, disposed partially within the housing
32, comprises a bottom portion of the pipe
64 being vertically oriented, disposed coaxially within the housing
32 and being in fluid communication with the tubular bottom portion
50, an intermediate portion of the pipe
66, disposed above the first portion
64, being slanted and protruding upwardly from the housing
32 via the large slot
38 therein, and a top portion of the pipe
68, disposed above the intermediate portion
66, being substantially vertically oriented with an open upper end
69, and accommodating a telescopic extension tube section
70 (Fig. 3) with an open top end
71, axially displaceable with respect to the top portion of the pipe
68. The height of the top end
71 determines an overflow level of the cistern
12, namely the top end
71 determines the maximal water level within the cistern
12 so that in case of a system miscalibration or failure, in which the water level rises
above the height of top end
71, the water may drain through the pipe
62, and hence the tubular bottom portion
50 into the outlet
16 (Fig. 1).
[0020] As can best be seen in Fig. 3, the bottom portion of the pipe
64 may be integrally formed with the annular plug
22 described in Fig. 1, supporting the rubber seal disc
23 so as to more effectively seal an axial aperture
52 of the base coupler
20 (Fig. 2). However, for practical manufacturing purposes, the plug 22 may be fitted
on a lowermost end of the bottom portion of the pipe
64.
[0021] The bottom portion
64 of the overflow pipe
62 is further formed with a plurality of laterally projecting wings
72, and a lateral flange
75 formed integrally therewith, to be described hereinafter.
[0022] The intermediate portion
66 of the pipe
62 is formed with two laterally extending arms
74, with their extreme edges
78 oriented away from each other (substantially radial), so that the extreme ends
78 are slidingly received within internal axial grooves
76 that extend along an internal wall portion of the housing
32, whereby the overflow pipe
62 is adapted for axial displacement only within the housing
32.
[0023] A support member
80, vertically displaceable outside the housing
32, is attached to the first flange 75. The support member
80 is in the form of a thin connecting bar, with one surface having a toothed-rack like
appearance
84 and another surface further comprising a second flange
82 formed thereon. The second flange
82 is articulated to the first flange
75 and laterally projects through slot
40 formed in the housing
32. The arrangement is such that vertical displacement of the overflow pipe
62 entails corresponding vertical displacement of the support member
80 and vice versa.
[0024] The support member
80 has mounted thereon an external float
88 (referred to as a
"half flush float", as it is associated with flushing only a partial volume of the cistern
12 as will become apparent hereinafter). The external float
88 may have a buoyant material inserted therein, e.g. foamed material, a water tight
space, etc. The external float
88 is slidingly displaceable over a portion of the toothed rack-like surface
84 of the support member
80 and is fitted with a clasp
90 formed in turn with a projection
91, fitted for engaging with the teeth of the toothed surface
84 so as to calibrate the vertical level of the external float
88. The arrangement is such that the external float
88 is stationary with respect to the support member
80, i.e. with respect to the pipe
62, and is articulated displaceable therewith.
[0025] In this embodiment the button operated flushing valve
10 comprises a top cover
92 articulated to the top portion of the housing
32, e.g. by snap-type engagement with notches
42 of the housing
32. The cover
92 comprises in turn a chamber
100 accommodating two push buttons, namely a full flush button
96 and a half-flush button
95, each having an upper pressing surface
104 and an elongated vertical stem
97 and
98, respectively, integrally formed therewith and extending downwards through respective
openings formed in a bottom wall
102 of the top cover
92. The full flush button
96 and the half-flush button
95 are each fitted with a coiled spring
99 (Fig.3) mounted on the respective stem, disposed between the upper surface
104 and the bottom wall
102 of the top cover
92, for biasing the buttons into their non-depressed position (in Figs.
2 and
5 the full flush button
96 is shown in its depressed position and the half-flush button
95 in its elevated position, and in Fig. 6 vice versa).
[0026] An annular rim
108 of the top cover
92 further comprises a guide member
112, adapted to slidingly receive and support the support member
80.
[0027] Referring to Figs. 4 to 6, the elongated vertical stems
97 and
98 are each in contact with a lever system
114, completely disposed within the housing
32, at a top portion thereof, above the intermediate portion
66 of the pipe
62 (Fig. 2). The lever system
114 comprises a shaft
116, oriented horizontally, inserted in two notches
47 (one of which is seen in Fig. 3) in the housing
32 (Figs. 1 to 3) such that translational movement is prevented but not rotational movement.
[0028] Mounted on the shaft
116 in a freely rotatable manner there is a first rocker lever
118, a second rocker lever
120 and a barrier
121. The center of gravity of the first rocker lever
118 and second rocker lever
120 is such that they normally retain a ready state, namely extend at a substantially
horizontal position.
[0029] Both the first rocker lever
118 and the second rocker lever
120 are physically similar though oriented in opposite directions, and each comprises
a first end
122A, 122B respectively, adapted for contact with the vertical stem
97 and
98, respectively. The first ends
122A and
122B are arced so as to enable continuous and smooth contact with a bottom end of the
respective vertical stem
97 and
98. A second end
123A and
123B of each rocker is fitted with a first lateral projection
124A and
124B, respectively, and a second lateral protrusion
126A and
126B, to be further elaborated on hereinafter.
[0030] In the disclosed embodiment the first rocker lever
118 and the barrier
121 are articulated to one another by a lateral projection
125, so that rotational movement of the first lever
118 entails the barrier
121 to rotationally displace in the same sense. It is noted however that the barrier
121 is formed with an arresting arm portion
127, extending shorter than the second end
123A of the first rocker lever
118, the reason for which will become apparent hereinafter.
[0031] The arrangement is such that at the assembled position, each second lateral protrusion
126A and
126B is positioned under an extending arm
74 of the overflow pipe
62.
[0032] The button valve
10 further comprises a substantially cylindrical internal float
128 concentrically mounted inside the housing
32, normally disposed at the bottom portion
43 thereof and further being slidingly disposed over the bottom portion
64 of the overflow pipe
62. However, axial displacement of the internal float
128 in an upwards direction is restricted by the wings
72 of the overflow pipe
62 adapted for engaging a top surface
129 of the internal float
128. The float
128 may accommodate buoyant material (e.g. foamed material). Furthermore, there is fitted
on a top portion of the float a rod
132, to be discussed hereinafter.
[0033] The internal float
128 is free to move in the axial direction when not restrained by the wings
72. The wings
72, biased downwards by the weight of the pipe
62, serve to ensure the internal float
128 normally remains in the lowest possible position within the housing
32, sealing the outlet
16 (Fig. 1) from the cistern
12 (Fig. 1).
[0034] The rod
132 is disposed under the barrier
121 such that when the barrier
121 is rotated to a substantially horizontal orientation (Figs. 4 and 6), the arresting
arm portion
127 of the barrier
121 is positioned directly above the rod
132, preventing further upwards displacement of the rod
132 and the articulated internal float
128. Additionally, if the barrier
121 is rotated to a substantially vertical orientation, as seen in Figs. 1, 2 and 5,
then there is no portion of the barrier
121 above the rod
132, thus the of the rod
132 and the articulated internal float
128 are free to axially displace upwardly until abutment of the internal float
128 with wings
72. It is also noteworthy to mention in the normal position the barrier
121 is designed to be in its substantially vertical orientation.
[0035] Before activation of the operation mechanism
18 the normal state of the cistern
12 being at least partially filled with water (not shown), which enters the cistern
12 via the inlet
14. The water level in the cistern
12 is calibrated to a chosen height by means of the control mechanism
15 which is adapted to detect when the water in the cistern
12 reaches at least a specified level and regulate the flow through the inlet
14 accordingly. The flushing valve
10 being at least partially submerged in the water, having lateral slots allowing water
to access the base coupler
20. The plug
22, forced downwards by gravity, normally seals the axial aperture
52 thus obstructing the water from entering the outlet
16.
[0036] During activation of the operation mechanism
18, the flushing valve
10 may raise the plug
22 allowing the water in the cistern
12 to drain into the outlet
16. The water in the outlet
16 may be directed into a toilet bowl (not shown) forcing waste (not shown) into a sewer
(not shown).
[0037] After the activation of the operation mechanism
18 the plug
22 descends, for reasons that will be explained hereinafter, once again sealing the
outlet
16 and restoring the cistern
12 to the "before activation" state described above.
[0038] In a first mode of operation, when a full flush is desired (i.e. substantially the
entire amount of water within the cistern), the full flush button
96 is depressed (Figs. 1, 2 and 5). The coiled spring
99 is thereby compressed and the relevant stem
98 descends into the housing
32 applying a downwards force on the first end
122B of the second rocker lever
120, causing it to pivot about shaft
116. The recoil of the spring
99 causes the button
96 to immediately revert to it's elevated position (Fig. 6) upon stopping a force applied
thereto. However, the rotation of the second lever
120 causes the second lateral protrusion
126B thereof to elevate the corresponding extending arm
74 of the overflow pipe
62. The elevation of the pipe
62 entails raising the external float
88 (owing to buoyancy forces), and lifting the annular plug
22, facilitating full drainage of the cistern
12. The drainage causes the water level in the cistern
12 to drop below the calibrated water level.
[0039] Additionally, the upwards motion of the plug
22 forces water into the propulsion inlet
48, thereby applying additional force propelling the internal float
128 in an upwards direction. The upwards motion of the internal float
128 is halted when the its top surface engages the wings
72, of the already elevated pipe
62, the upwards motion of which is halted when the annular plug
22 encounters the bottom base of the housing
32.
[0040] After the described upward motion has been halted, the pipe
62 and connected components begin to descend, due to gravitational forces, to their
original, downward positions. The downwards motion of the pipe
62 is retarded by the external float
88 and the internal float
128 thereby increasing drainage time. The rate of descent is decreased when the buoyant
external float
88 contacts the reducing water level, the force of the water on the external float
88 being in the upward direction. Additionally, the descent of the pipe
62 is further retarded by the slow descent of the internal float
128. The internal float
128 is forced downwards by the wings 72 of the pipe
62, which are propelled by the weight of the pipe
62, however, as the water beneath the internal float
128 must exit compartment
45 of the housing
32 via the small propulsion outlet
48 creating a damping effect and thereby impeding the descent of the internal float
128.
[0041] According to a variation of the invention, disclosed in Fig. 7, propulsion outlet
48 may be of controllable section area, e.g. by a manual lever
135 pivotally secured at
131 to the bottom wall of the compartment
125, governing the section are of the outlet, to thereby govern the descending speed of
the overflow pipe
62.
[0042] Eventually, the pipe
62 resumes the position taken before activation of the flushing valve
10. The plug
22 thereby seals the outlet
16 allowing the water entering from the inlet
14 to refill the cistern
12 to the calibrated water level.
[0043] Turning now to Fig. 6, there is illustrated the lever system
114 with the half-flush button
95 depressed. The operation of the button valve
10 is substantially similar to that described in the previous example, however with
the following differences.
[0044] The depression of the half-flush button
95 causes rotation of the second rocker lever
120 and therefore a corresponding pivotal displacement of the articulated barrier
121. The arresting arm portion
127 of the barrier
121 is thereby rotated to a substantially horizontal orientation. Pivotal displacement
of barrier
121 is restricted by a projection
133 extending from the shaft
118. In the present example the upward motion of the internal float
128 is halted when the rod
132 impacts the arresting arm portion
127 of the barrier
121. It should be noted that the distance traveled by the internal float
128 is significantly less than in the previous example, associated with a full flush
mode, and hence the retardation effect caused thereby will be significantly shorter.
Thus there is a shorter drainage period causing the desired half-flush effect. It
is noticed that the elevation of the external float
88, in fact governs the amount of water to be flushed in a 'half flush' procedure.
[0045] It is to be appreciated that the design of the system according to the present invention
is such that depressing the full flush button
96 and the half-flush button
95 simultaneously, results in activating a half flush mode, as discussed hereinabove.
[0046] Fig. 8 is directed to a modification of the invention, illustrating the activating
mechanism generally referred to at
140, wherein rather than a press button valve there is provided a pull-lever valve. The
pull-lever valve
140 differs from the button valve
10 by the replacement of the cover
92 with an alternate cover
142 adapted for pull-levers
144A and
144B, associated with the half-flush and full-flush rocker levers
118 and
120, respectively.
[0047] Each pull-lever
144A and
144B is mounted on the relevant lateral protrusions
124A and
124B, respectively, and protrudes from the housing
32 upwardly through the alternate cover
142. In this example each pull-lever
144 has a handle
146 at the upper end thereof. These handles are articulated to lever operators typically
fitted on a front wall of a cistern (not shown).
[0048] The operation of the button valve
10 is identical to that of the pull-lever valve
140 except that the respective second end
123A and
123B of either the first lever
118 or second lever
120 is pulled in order to create a desired rotational motion and the following chain
of effects that are caused.