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(11) | EP 1 914 341 B1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION |
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| (54) |
Drying machine Trockner Machine à sécher |
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| Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. Notice of opposition shall be filed in a written reasoned statement. It shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention). |
[0002] In a laundry dryer a very important feature is the ability to appropriately measure the degree of dryness of the clothes in order to adjust the duration of the drying cycle accordingly. To this purpose, a laundry dryer is generally provided with an electric circuit adapted to measure the residual moisture content in the clothes based on such parameter as the electric conductivity or resistance. Such circuit provided to carry out these moisture measurements generally comprises an electrically conductive contact strip supported on the annular wall of the dryer drum. The strip is electrically insulated from the drum by an electrically non-conductive pad bonded to the drum and interposed between the strip and the drum. On the other hand, the strip itself is electrically connected to the internal region of the drum, i.e. the region where the clothes to be dried are placed, via the clothes rising ribs, or lifters, disposed on the internal surface of the cylindrical wall of the drum. A scanning arm carrying a brush is mounted on the machine casing such that the brush is able to engage the conductive strip. The brush itself is electrically connected to a control unit, which is also in contact with an electric terminal in electrical communication with said internal region of the drum. When an electric current is supplied to the circuit, this can therefore flow through the wet clothes being dried and the control unit can calculate the resistance and/or the conductivity of said clothes, thereby determining the appropriate duration of the drying cycle being performed.
[0003] A major drawback of the above-cited prior-art solution is in connection with the fact that the contact strip is attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical wall of the drum with the use of fastening means that engage both apertures provided in the same strip and receptacles provided through the cylindrical wall of the drum. This of course implies an additional machining or metal-forming operation to be performed not only on the contact strip in view of providing such apertures, but also - and above all - on the wall of the drum in view of providing it with the receptacles adapted to receive the fastening means.
[0004] Moreover, in view of ensuring the required electrical insulation between the drum and the contact strip, non-conductive members - usually made of rubber or plastics - are interposed between the receptacles in the wall of the drum and the fastening means received therein, while a plastic band is positioned between the outer surface of the wall of the drum and the contact strip.
[0005] It can therefore be most readily appreciated that attaching the contact strip to the drum actually requires the drum in its whole to undergo additional processing aimed at forming the receptacles intended to receive the fastening means, as well as a sequence of time-consuming operations aimed at insulating the contact strip from the drum in an appropriately effective manner.
[0006] Mounting said contact strip on the drum turns therefore out as being particularly complicated, while additionally requiring a lot of time for it to be completed.
[0007] DE 195 22 432 discloses a drying machine of the type described, comprising a conductive contact member, extending around an external annular surface of a rotatable drum, and an electrode electrically insulated from the drum able to contact the laundry therein. The conductive contact member and the electrode are electrically Insulated from the drum by a adhesive insulating band.
[0008] It is therefore a main object of the present invention to provide a washing and/or drying machine, which is effective in doing away with the above-noted drawbacks of the cited prior art.
[0009] Within this general object, it is another purpose of the present invention to provide a washing and/or drying machine, in which the contact strip is capable of being applied in a most simple and quick manner.
[0010] According to the present invention, these aims, along with further ones that will become apparent from the following disclosure, are reached in a washing and/or drying machine that incorporates the features as defined and recited in the claims appended hereto.
[0011] Features and advantages of the present invention will anyway be more readily understood from the description that is given below by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a washing and/or drying machine according to the present invention;
- Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a detail of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of the drum of the washing and/or drying machine according to the present invention;
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of the drum of a second embodiment of the present invention.
[0012] With reference to the above-cited Figures, the drying machine, as generally indicated with the reference numeral 1, comprises an electric circuit for determining the resistance and/or conductivity and, hence - the residual moisture content of the laundry 2 contained in a rotating drum 3, in which said electric circuit comprises at least one electrode 4 adapted to contact the laundry 2, a conductive contact member 5 electrically connected to said electrode 4 and fitted around the external cylindrical surface 6 of the drum 3, a sliding contact 7 adapted to slide along the conductive contact member 5 in constant galvanic connection therewith when the drum 3 is rotating, wherein said conductive contact member 5 and said electrode 4 are electrically insulated from the drum 4, and a control unit 8 that is electrically connected between said sliding contact 7 and said drum 3 for measuring an electrical quantity depending on, i.e. being in a relation with the residual moisture content in the laundry 2.
[0013] An electrically insulating adhesive layer 9 is applied between the external cylindrical surface 6 of the drum 3 and the conductive contact member 5 to secure the conductive contact member 5 to the drum 3.
[0014] Provided inside the drum 3 there is a plurality of clothes lifters 10 adapted to assist in appropriately tumbling the clothes being dried in the drum. Each such lifter 10 comprises at least one of said electrodes 4, e.g. in the form of a metal surface associated to the lifter 10 and adapted to contact the laundry placed within the drum as it is tumbled during the rotation of the same drum. Such electrode 4 is suitably insulated from the drum 3 by means of a support of a non-conductive material, and the lifter itself may be made of an electrically insulating material.
[0015] A conductive member 11 electrically connects the electrode 4 of the lifter 10 with the conductive contact member 5 through a passage formed in the cylindrical wall of the drum 3 in the zone where the same lifter 10 is due to lie.
An insulating member is interposed between said conductive member 11 and the passage in the wall of the drum 3 in view of electrically insulating said conductive member 11 from the same drum.
[0016] The conductive member 11 protrudes from the drum 3 so as to be able to establish an electric contact with the conductive contact member 5 that is applied on the outer cylindrical surface 6 of the drum through the electrically insulating adhesive layer, as this shall be explained in greater detail further on.
[0017] The sliding contact 7 is made of graphite, copper or a similar material, and it is preferably provided in the form of a contact wiper, or brush, associated to the internal structure of the machine so as to maintain a stationary, i.e. fixed position relative to the same machine. A scanning arm 12 may for example be provided for carrying such brush. This arm is mounted on the machine casing so as to be able to slidably engage the conductive contact member 5 and enable the sliding contact 7 to stay in a condition of electric contact constantly established with the conductive contact member 5 as the latter rotates jointly with the drum during a drying cycle.
[0018] The sliding contact 7 is electrically connected with the control unit 8, which is in turn connected to an electric terminal 13 that is in a condition of electrical communication with the drum 3. In particular, this electric terminal 13 may for instance comprise a second contact wiper in a condition of constant galvanic contact with the rotating or driving shaft 14 of the drum 3. Via the rear metal flange of the drum 3, to which it is coupled mechanically, the driving shaft 14 of the drum is electrically connected with the cylindrical wall of the drum 3, which is in contact with the clothes thereinside. It will however be appreciated that different kinds of electric connections and arrangements may be used between the control unit 8 and the drum 3.
[0019] The afore-cited electric circuit is therefore basically comprised of a first contact path including the sliding contact 7, the conductive contact member 5 and the electrode 4 of the lifter 10, and a second contact path including the electric terminal 13 and the drum 3, wherein the control unit 8 connects the two contact paths with each other.
[0020] The wet clothes inside the drum enable the electrode 4 of the lifter 10 to establish an electric communication with the drum 3, thereby closing, i.e. completing the circuit.
[0021] The control unit 8 is adapted to power the electric circuit so that an electric current is able to flow across the electric circuit and, as a result, also through the wet clothes residing in the drum. Since the resistance or the conductivity, as the case may be, of the electric circuit depends on the residual moisture content in the clothes being dried, the control unit 8 is able to continuously determine the degree of dryness reached by the laundry 2 during the operation of the drying machine, so as to be in a position as to identify an end-of-cycle condition at which the drying cycle is to be interrupted upon reaching the final degree of dryness selected by the user for the clothes being handled.
[0022] The conductive contact member 5, which may for instance be of such material as stainless steel or aluminium, is attached to the external cylindrical surface 6 of the drum 3 by means of an adhesive layer of electrically insulating glue.
[0023] This adhesive layer 9 enables the conductive contact member 5 to be secured to the drum 3 in a quick manner, while doing fully away with the use of any fastening means and, as a result, the need for such fastening means to be electrically insulated from the drum.
[0024] In addition, the adhesive layer 9 prevents a mechanical contact from being formed between the conductive contact member 5 and the drum 3 and provides the electric insulation required for the electric circuit arrangement to be able to operate correctly without any need arising for further or additional insulating means to be interposed between the conductive contact member 5 and the drum 3.
[0025] It should further be noticed that the adhesive layer 9 and the conductive contact member 5 form a kind of sound-absorbing covering that is particularly effective and advantageous in absorbing the sound waves generated by the clothes falling upon or colliding against the metal wall of the drum 3 as the latter is rotating, especially when striking against such wall are some hard items generally associated to garment pieces, such as buttons or zippers.
[0026] The sound waves that are generated by the pulse-like occurrences deriving from the clothes striking against the inner surface of the drum 3 are for the most part absorbed by the adhesive layer 9 which, by the effect of its viscoelastic properties, substantially converts these sound waves into heat, thereby heating up the adhesive layer 9.
[0027] On the other hand, the sound waves that succeed in passing through and issuing from the glue layer are transmitted to the conductive contact member 5, where they undergo further damping.
[0028] The sound-absorbing covering arrangement created by the adhesive layer 9 and the conductive contact member 5 forms a system that is able to damp and absorb sound waves propagating within a given frequency range, which depends on the characteristics of the adhesive layer 9 and the conductive contact member 5.
[0029] In particular, it has been found that an adhesive layer having a thickness ranging from 100 to 300 µm and a surface density ranging from 50g/m2 to 150g/m2, proves particularly effective in absorbing sound waves with a frequency lying within a range of 500 to 10000 Hz, which are typical frequencies of the noise generated by clothes and hard items thereof striking against the walls of the drum. It has on the other hand been found that a conductive contact member 5 having a thickness ranging from 150 to 300 µm optimally combines with an adhesive layer 9 having the characteristics as indicated above.
[0030] It has in practice been found that the more the thicknesses of the cylindrical wall of the drum 3 and the conductive contact member 5 are similar to each other, if not preferably equal to each other, the more effective are the sound-wave damping and absorption characteristics thereof.
[0031] It has furthermore been found that the effectiveness in absorbing the sound waves is the greatest one when use is made of a conductive contact member 5 that is made of the same metal material, which the drum is made of. For instance, in the case of a drum 3 made of stainless steel, a conductive contact member 5 that is itself made of stainless steel would ensure the best sound-wave absorption performance.
[0032] An adhesive layer 9 formed of silicone-based or acrylic glue has proven particularly effective thanks to both the viscoelastic properties thereof and the fact that such glues can be used in a temperature range from -40°C to 120°C while keeping their sound-wave absorption and damping characteristics unaltered in the long term notwithstanding the temperature variations, which they are subject to during drying processes.
[0033] In addition, such glues prove as being particularly effective when working at the typical temperatures reached by the drying air in a drying machine.
[0034] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, which is illustrated in Figure 4, the conductive contact member 5 is provided to cover most of the external cylindrical surface 6 of the drum 3, for example the member 5 is 15cm width or more, so as to be able to maximize the sound-wave absorption effect. In practice, the conductive contact member 5 ca be wrapped around the entire external cylindrical surface of the drum 3. The adhesive layer is preliminarily applied to the surface of the contact member 5 that is due to be associated to the external surface of the drum. Then, the conductive contact member 5 is glued onto the external cylindrical surface of the drum.
[0035] Preferably, the conductive contact member 5 is made in a single-piece, unitary construction. However, the possibility is also given for a plurality of conductive members, which are electrically connected with each other, e.g. by means of complementary edges or protrusions, and are adapted to be contacted by the sliding contact 7, to be glued around the external cylindrical surface of the drum.
1. A drying machine comprising
an electric circuit for determining the resistance and/or conductivity of the laundry (2) contained in a rotating drum (3), the electric circuit comprising
at least one electrode (4) adapted to contact the laundry (2),
a conductive contact member (5) electrically connected to said electrode (4) and extending around an external annular surface (6) of the drum (3),
a sliding contact (7) adapted to slide along the conductive contact member (5) in constant galvanic connection therewith when the drum (3) is rotating, the conductive contact member (5) and said electrode (4) being electrically insulated from the drum (4), and
a control unit (8) that is electrically connected between the sliding contact (7) and the drum (3) for measuring an electrical quantity depending on the residual moisture content in the laundry (3),
characterized in that between the external annular surface (6) of the drum (3) and the conductive contact member (5) there is provided only an adhesive layer (9) made of electrically insulating glue to secure the conductive contact member (5) to the drum (3) and to electrically insulate the conductive contact member (5) from the drum (3) and wherein the conductive contact member (5) is attached to the external annular surface (6) of the drum (3) by means of the adhesive layer (9) only.
an electric circuit for determining the resistance and/or conductivity of the laundry (2) contained in a rotating drum (3), the electric circuit comprising
at least one electrode (4) adapted to contact the laundry (2),
a conductive contact member (5) electrically connected to said electrode (4) and extending around an external annular surface (6) of the drum (3),
a sliding contact (7) adapted to slide along the conductive contact member (5) in constant galvanic connection therewith when the drum (3) is rotating, the conductive contact member (5) and said electrode (4) being electrically insulated from the drum (4), and
a control unit (8) that is electrically connected between the sliding contact (7) and the drum (3) for measuring an electrical quantity depending on the residual moisture content in the laundry (3),
characterized in that between the external annular surface (6) of the drum (3) and the conductive contact member (5) there is provided only an adhesive layer (9) made of electrically insulating glue to secure the conductive contact member (5) to the drum (3) and to electrically insulate the conductive contact member (5) from the drum (3) and wherein the conductive contact member (5) is attached to the external annular surface (6) of the drum (3) by means of the adhesive layer (9) only.
2. Machine according to claim 1, wherein said electrically insulating adhesive layer
(9) has a thickness ranging from 100 to 300 µm.
3. Machine according to claim 2, wherein said electrically insulating adhesive layer
(9) has a surface density in the range from 50g/m2 to 150g/m2.
4. Machine according to claim 3, wherein said conductive contact member (5) has a thickness
in the range from 150 to 300 µm.
5. Machine according to claim 3, wherein said conductive contact member (5) has the same
thickness as the cylindrical wall of the drum (3).
6. Machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said conductive contact
member (5) and said drum (3) are made of the same metal material.
7. Machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said adhesive layer (9)
is comprised of a silicone-based and/or acrylic glue.
8. Machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said conductive contact
member (5) is applied to cover almost the entire external annular surface (6) of the
drum (3).
9. Machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the conductive contact member
(5) is provided in the form of a single-piece unitary construction.
10. Machine according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the conductive contact member
(5) comprises a plurality of conductive members that are electrically connected with
each other and adapted to be electrically contacted by said sliding contact (7).
1. Trocknermaschine, umfassend:
einen Stromkreis zum Bestimmen des Widerstands und/oder der Leitfähigkeit der Wäsche (2), die in einer rotierenden Trommel (3) enthalten ist, wobei der Stromkreis umfasst:
mindestens eine Elektrode (4), die geeignet ist, mit der Wäsche (2) in Kontakt zu gelangen,
ein leitendes Kontaktelement (5), das elektrisch mit der Elektrode (4) verbunden ist und sich um eine äußere ringförmige Oberfläche (6) der Trommel (3) erstreckt,
einen Gleitkontakt (7), der geeignet ist, entlang des leitenden Kontaktelements (5) in ständiger galvanischer Verbindung mit ihm zu gleiten, wenn sich die Trommel (3) dreht, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement (5) und die Elektrode (4) elektrisch von der Trommel (4) isoliert sind, und
eine Steuereinheit (8), die elektrisch zwischen dem Gleitkontakt (7) und der Trommel (3) angeschlossen ist, um eine elektrische Größe zu messen, die vom Restfeuchtigkeitsgehalt in der Wäsche (3) abhängt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der äußeren ringförmigen Oberfläche (6) der Trommel (3) und dem leitenden Kontaktelement (5) nur eine Klebeschicht (9) aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Kleber vorgesehen ist, um das leitende Kontaktelement (5) an der Trommel (3) zu befestigen und das leitende Kontaktelement (5) elektrisch von der Trommel (3) zu isolieren, und wobei das leitende Kontaktelement (5) nur mittels der Klebeschicht (9) an der äußeren ringförmigen Oberfläche (6) der Trommel (3) befestigt ist.2. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, wobei die elektrisch isolierende Klebeschicht (9) eine Dicke
im Bereich von 100 bis 300 µm aufweist.
3. Maschine nach Anspruch 2, wobei die elektrisch isolierende Klebeschicht (9) eine Oberflächendichte
im Bereich von 50 g/m2 bis 150 g/m2 aufweist.
4. Maschine nach Anspruch 3, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement (5) eine Dicke im Bereich
von 150 bis 300 µm aufweist.
5. Maschine nach Anspruch 3, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement (5) die gleiche Dicke
wie die zylindrische Wand der Trommel (3) aufweist.
6. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement
(5) und die Trommel (3) aus dem gleichen Metallmaterial hergestellt sind.
7. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Klebeschicht (9) aus einem
Kleber auf Silicon- und/oder Acrylbasis gebildet wird.
8. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement
(5) derart angebracht wird, dass es fast die gesamte äußere ringförmige Oberfläche
(6) der Trommel (3) bedeckt.
9. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement
(5) in Form einer einstückigen einheitlichen Konstruktion vorgesehen ist.
10. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das leitende Kontaktelement
(5) eine Vielzahl von leitenden Elementen umfasst, die elektrisch miteinander verbunden
sind und geeignet sind, in elektrischen Kontakt mit dem Gleitkontakt (7) zu gelangen.
1. Machine sèche linge comprenant :
un circuit électrique pour déterminer la résistance et/ou la conductivité du linge (2) contenu dans un tambour rotatif (3), le circuit électrique comprenant :
au moins une électrode (4) adaptée pour entrer en contact avec le linge (2),
un élément de contact conducteur (5) électriquement raccordé à ladite électrode (4) et s'étendant autour d'une surface annulaire externe (6) du tambour (3),
un contact coulissant (7) adapté pour coulisser le long de l'élément de contact conducteur (5) en raccordement galvanique constant avec ce dernier lorsque le tambour (3) tourne, l'élément de contact conducteur (5) et ladite électrode (4) étant électriquement isolés du tambour (3), et
une unité de commande (8) qui est électriquement raccordée entre le contact coulissant (7) et le tambour (3) pour mesurer une quantité électrique dépendant de la teneur en humidité résiduelle dans le linge (3),
caractérisée en ce qu'entre la surface annulaire externe (6) du tambour (3) et l'élément de contact conducteur (5), on ne prévoit qu'une seule couche adhésive (9) réalisée avec de la colle électriquement isolante pour fixer l'élément de contact conducteur (5) sur le tambour (3) et pour isoler électriquement l'élément de contact conducteur (5) du tambour (3) et dans laquelle l'élément de contact conducteur (5) est fixé sur la surface annulaire externe (6) du tambour (3) au moyen de la couche adhésive (9) uniquement.2. Machine selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite couche adhésive électriquement
isolante (9) a une épaisseur de 100 à 300 µm.
3. Machine selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ladite couche adhésive électriquement
isolante (9) a une densité de surface de 50 g/m2 à 150 g/m2.
4. Machine selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle ledit élément de contact conducteur
(5) a une épaisseur de 150 à 300 µm.
5. Machine selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle ledit élément de contact conducteur
(5) a la même épaisseur que la paroi cylindrique du tambour (3).
6. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit
élément de contact conducteur (5) et ledit tambour (3) sont réalisés avec le même
matériau métallique.
7. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ladite
couche adhésive (9) est composée d'une colle à base de silicone et/ou acrylique.
8. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit
élément de contact conducteur (5) est appliqué pour recouvrir presque toute la surface
annulaire externe (6) du tambour (3).
9. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément
de contact conducteur (5) est prévu sous la forme d'une construction unitaire d'un
seul tenant.
10. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit
élément de contact conducteur (5) comprend une pluralité d'éléments conducteurs qui
sont électriquement raccordés entre eux et adaptés pour être en contact électrique
avec ledit contact coulissant (7).
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description