PROCESS FOR FINISHING TEXTILES

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a process for finishing a cellulose-based textile as well as a cellulose-based textile finished according to this process.

[0002] Cross-linking textile finishes are currently used for conferring on cellulose fabrics properties of durable press and resistance to creasing or crease recovery, a dimensional stability to domestic washes as well as easy care (easy ironing or no ironing), among other properties.

[0003] Most of these cross-linking textile finishes contain free or combined formaldehyde which is released either in the finishing shop or when using fabrics finished in this way. However, formaldehyde is now considered to be a noxious product, exposure doses of which are limited to very low values by certain national regulations.

[0004] In US 3,304,312 4,5-dihydroxy or 4,5-dialkoxy derivatives of 2-imidazolidinones, are disclosed as non-formaldehyde textile finishing agents for imparting crease resistance. The impregnated material is subjected to drying and curing operations at a temperature in the range of 82°C-232°C.

[0005] These compounds are widely used in Pad-Dry and Cure or Pad-Dry-Cure finishing processes where a cellulose containing fabric is impregnated with a bath containing these non formaldehyde cross-linking agent, a catalyst and additives. The impregnated fabric is dried and cured at elevated temperatures; the drying and curing steps may be consecutive or simultaneous. In the case where the fabric is first dried, curing temperatures from 120°C to 230°C are described (US 4,295,846)

[0006] Unfortunately, finished fabrics according to this prior art, have low resistance to tearing, show a great tendency to yellowing, and may generate an unpleasant amine smell.

[0007] Furthermore to increase the easy-care properties of the finished fabrics, one can increase the concentration of these non-formaldehyde crosslinkers but at the expense of the whiteness and the tear strength. The bad amine smell is then also promoted.

[0008] It is known by the artisan, as described in Textile Chemist and Colorist 1982 (Cooke and al. 14(5), 100-106, 1982), that the necessary acidic conditions (pH from 3 to 5) not only catalyse the etherification of the cellulose, but also give an undesired side reaction where dialkylhydantoins are formed thus reducing the efficiency of the crosslinker (degrees of fixation of the resin of from 50 to 70% are generally observed).

[0009] Surprisingly, it has now been discovered that non formaldehyde crosslinkers can be applied under extreme acidic conditions to a cellulose based fabric in a moist cure process (a combination of impregnation, padding, gentle drying, low temperature curing and washing) to give good easy-care properties. The finished fabrics according to this invention have an excellent whiteness level, a very high tear strength, and no unpleasant amine smell.

[0010] This invention provides a formaldehyde free cross-linking finishing process of cellulose fabrics or cellulose containing fabrics.

[0011] The compounds used in this invention have the general formula (I)

[0012] Either the cis or trans isomer type or mixtures thereof may be used,
wherein

X

is O or S, preferably O,

R¹ , R²

are the same or different and are linear or branched C₁-C₂₀-alkyl, preferably C₁-C₈-alkyl, most preferably methyl,
or
linear or branched C₂-C₂₀-alkyl, preferably C₁-C₈-alkyl, substituted by one or more functional groups like hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, amide, ester, ether, and halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine),

R³ , R⁴

are the same or different (R³ and R⁴ may be part of the same ring structure) : and are H
or
linear or branched C₁-C₂₀-alkyl, preferably C₁-C₈-alkyl, eventually substituted by one or more functional groups like hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, amide, ester, ether, and halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine),
or
groups like

where

n

is 1-20, preferably 1-6, most preferably 2, and

R⁵

is H or linear or branched chain alkyl C₁-C₄, preferably H.

[0013] Most preferably R¹ and R² are methyl and R³ and R⁴ are H or methyl or -(CH₂)₂OH

[0014] Preferred compounds of the invention are 1,3-Dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone (also called DMeDHEU, DiMethylDiHydroxyEthylenUrea) and its etherified derivatives. To partly or completely etherify the DMeDHEU, the preferred alcohols are methanol or DEG (diethylenglycol) or mixtures thereof.

[0015] These products are generally commercial and sold by example under the trade name Arkofix NZF New (Clariant) or can be prepared by different techniques known to the man skilled in the art as described among other possible processes in US 3 304 312, US 4 295 846, EP 0 141 755, or US 5 707 404. The process is generally a condensation of glyoxal and a di-substituted urea followed or not by an etherification step with one or more alcohol or polyol.

Process of this invention:

[0016] The process of this invention is characterised by the following steps :

a) Impregnation of a cellulose containing fabric with a bath containing a non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I) and a catalyst or a mixture of catalysts under acidic conditions,

b) Drying at a temperature of 130°C or below to a residual moisture of from 3 to 30%, and

c) Curing at a temperature of 50°C or below.

[0017] Afterwards the fabric is washed, neutralised and dried by operations known in the art.

[0018] Optionally an additional top-finishing step may complete the instant process.

Detailed description of the invention

[0019] A cellulose containing fabric is impregnated with a bath containing a non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I) and a catalyst or a mixture of catalysts.

[0020] The concentration of the finishing agent of formula (I) in the bath calculated as solid is generally governed by the desired effect. As a rule it is between 30 and 500 g/l, preferably between 100 and 300 g/l, most preferably between 120 and 240 g/l.

[0021] Catalysts suitable for this process are one single acid or combinations of organic and inorganic acids or acid donors. The cross-linking of the cellulose is acid-catalysed; the bath pH is adjusted to 3 or below, preferably to 2 or below, and most preferably to 0.8-1.5.

[0022] Typical catalysts include acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric, fluoroboric, phosphoric, nitric, acetic, glycolic, maleic, lactic, citric, tartaric, muriatic and oxalic acids; metal salts such as magnesium chloride, nitrate, fluoroborate, or fluorosilicate; zinc chloride, nitrate, fluoroborate, or fluorosilicate; ammonium chloride; zirconium oxychloride; sodium or potassium bisulfate; amine hydrochlorides such as the hydrochloride of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol; and the like and mixtures thereof. Preferred are hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or ammonium chloride.

[0023] Optionally, additives may be added to the bath. Conventional additives such as wetting agents, lubricants, softeners, bodying agents, water repellents, flame retardants, soil shedding agents, mildew inhibitors, anti-wet soiling agents, fluorescent brighteners, biocides (anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-algae, anti-fungi, insect repellent, anti-dust mite, anti-mould) and the like may be used in the treating bath in conventional amounts as long as the stability of the bath is compatible with the very low pH range of the invention. Such auxiliaries must not, however, interfere with the proper functioning of the finishing resin, must not themselves have a deleterious effect on the fabric, and desirably are free of formaldehyde. Preferred are wetting agents, lubricants and softeners.

[0024] The impregnated fabric is dried at low temperature below 130°C, preferably below 100°C and most preferably between 60 and 90°C to a residual moisture of from 3 to 30% , preferably from 5 to 15% and most preferably of from 6 to 10%.

[0025] The fabric being kept at this humidity either by being wrapped with a plastic film or by any other means, is cured at low temperature, below 50°C, preferentially below 40°C, to avoid fibre damage for 5 to 30 h , preferentially for 15 to 25 h. During that curing stage the fabric is preferentially kept under rotation to avoid migration and local over-concentration of the catalyst that could damage the fabric.

[0026] After the curing, the fabric is washed and neutralised with any conventional method generally used by the man skilled in the art. Neutralisation may be achieved for example with a base like caustic soda or just by rinsing.

[0027] After the washing and neutralisation step, the fabric is dried. Optionally, but preferably, the fabric is top-finished with a bath containing additives. This step can be subsequent to the drying or the fabric can be padded after the washing in a wet-in-wet process and then dried.

[0028] Conventional additives such as wetting agents, lubricants, softeners, bodying agents, water repellents, flame retardants, soil shedding agents, mildew inhibitors, anti-wet soiling agents, fluorescent brighteners, biocides (anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-algae, anti-fungi, insect repellent, anti-dust mite, anti-mould) and the like may be used in the top-finish bath in conventional amounts as long as the bath is stable. Such auxiliaries must not, however, interfere with the proper functioning of the finishing resin, must not themselves have a deleterious effect on the fabric, and desirably are free of formaldehyde.

[0029] The non-formaldehyde finished fabrics according to the disclosed process, have easy-care properties and furthermore have a better tear strength, a high whiteness level (no yellowing) and do not generate any unpleasant amine smell.

[0030] The following examples shall explain the instant invention in more detail.

parameter	method
Durable Press	AATCC 124
Tear strength	NF G07-149
Tensile strength	NF G07-001

Degree of fixation

[0031] The degree of fixation is obtained by the nitrogen determination (N%) of the fabric before and after washing by elementary analysis.

Example 1:

Moist cure with a DMeDHEU based crosslinker

[0032] A bleached white 100% cotton toile 1/1 (116 g/m², 40x27.5 treads/cm) was impregnated in a bath according to recipe #1. The material was squeezed to a wet pick-up of 65%, and then it was dried with hot air having 70°C to a residual moisture of 7-8 %. The material was wrapped in a plastic bag and was allowed to stand at 35°C for 24 hours (curing). Thereupon it was promptly washed, neutralised, rinsed with water at 30°C for 5 minutes then squeezed and dried at 120°C. After the drying, the material was impregnated and squeezed with recipe A to a wet pick up of 60%, and dried at 130°C (top-finish).

Comparative example 1:

Pad-dry-cure with a DMeDHEU based crosslinker

[0033] The fabric of example 1 is impregnated in a bath according to recipe #2. The material was squeezed to a wet pick-up of 65% then it was dried and cured at 150°C (effective time at 150°C: 60 seconds).

[0034] The details of the recipes are shown in Table 1.

Table 1:

Products / Recipes :		1	A	2
Sandozin MRN liq conc (commercial wetting agent*)	g/l	0.3	0.3	0.3
Arkofix NZF New liq (commercial DMeDHEU based crosslinker*)	g/l	440		440
Catalyst MCl liq (commercial mixture of organic and inorganic acids*)	g/l	110
Catalyst NKD liq (commercial magnesium chloride catalyst with organic acid*)	g/l			18
Sandolube SVN ZP liq (commercial non ionic polyethylene softener*)	g/l	40	20	40
Sandoperm MEW liq (non ionic silicone microemulsion*)	g/l	30	10	30
Sandoperm RPU liq (commercial polyurethane softener*)	g/l		30
pH of bath		1.2	4.2	3.9

* available from Clariant

Results:

[0035] 0 = un-treated fabric

Table 2:

example		0	1	comp ex 1
Durable Press (5x60°C washes, tumble dried)		1.8	3.4	3.2
Tear strength - Elmendorf (weft)	cN	1059	1483	958
Tensile strength (weft)	daN	57.2	36.4	37.5
Degree of fixation	%	-	45	64

[0036] These results clearly demonstrate a surprising increase of the tear strength when the fabric is treated by the instant moist cure process.

Example 2:

Moist cure with a DMeDHEU based crosslinker

[0037] A bleached white 100% cotton poplin (120 g/m²) was impregnated in a bath according to recipe #3. The material was squeezed to a wet pick-up of 75%, then it was dried with hot air having 90°C to a residual moisture of 9 %. The material was wrapped in a plastic bag and was allowed to stand at 20°C for 22 hours. Thereupon it was promptly rinsed, neutralised with caustic soda, rinsed with water for 10 minutes , acidified with acetic acid, rinsed again then squeezed and dried at 120°C. After the drying, the material was impregnated and squeezed with recipe B to a wet pick up of 75%, and dried at 120°C.

Comparative example 2:

Pad-dry-cure with a DMeDHEU based crosslinker

[0038] The fabric of example 2 is impregnated in a bath according to recipe #4. The material was squeezed to a wet pick-up of 75% then it was dried for 45 seconds at 120°C and cured for 30 seconds at 160°C.

Comparative example 3:

[0039] The finished material of comparative example 2 was washed with 1 g/l of a detergent/wetting and dispersing agent for 15 minutes at 45°C then was rinsed with water, squeezed and dried for 45" at 120°C.

[0040] Details of the recipes are shown in Table 3.

Table 3:

Products / Recipes :		3	B	4
Sandozin NRW liq conc (commercial wetting agent*)	g/l	0.3	0.3	0.3
Arkofix NZF New liq (commercial DMeDHEU based crosslinker*)	g/l	440		200
Concentrated sulfuric acid	cc/l	11
Catalyst NKD liq (commercial magnesium chloride based catalyst *)	g/l			18
Sandolube SVN liq (commercial non ionic polyethylene softener*)	g/l		50	50
Ceraperm MW liq (non ionic silicone microemulsion*)	g/l		30	30
pH of bath		1.1	4.2	3.5

* available from Clariant

Results:

[0041] 0 = un-treated fabric

Table 4:

Example		0	2	comp ex 2	comp ex 3
Durable Press (1x60°C wash, tumble dried)		1	3	3.2
Tear strength - Elmendorf (warp)	cN	995	1148	802	795
Tear strength - Elmendorf (weft)	cN	683	694	540	545
Degree of whiteness (CIE)	°	75.1	77.8	73.5	74.9
Degree of fixation	%		48	67

[0042] The results clearly show that the instant process leads to better properties of the textile fabric, especially the problem of yellowing has been solved and the tear strength is far better. It can also be seen that the improvement of tear strength and whiteness cannot be achieved from an additional washing step after a pad-dry-cure process, but is only obtainable with the instant process.

Claims

1. Process for finishing textiles comprising the following steps:

a) impregnation of a cellulose containing fabric under acidic conditions with a bath containing a catalyst or a mixture of catalysts and either the cis or trans isomer type or mixtures thereof of a non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I)

wherein

X is O or S,

R¹ , R² are the same or different and are linear or branched C₁-C₂₀-alkyl,
or
linear or branched C₂-C₂₀-alkyl, substituted by one or more functional groups selected from hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, amide, ester, ether, and halogen ,

R³, R⁴ are the same or different and may be part of the same ring structure and are H
or
linear or branched C₁-C₂₀-alkyl,
or

where

n is 1-20, and

R⁵ is H or linear or branched chain alkyl C₁-C₄,

b) drying at a temperature of 130°C or below to a residual moisture of from 3 to 30%, and

c) curing at a temperature of 50°C or below.

2. Process according to claim 1 wherein

X is O,

R¹ , R² are the same or different and are linear or branched C₁-C₈-alkyl,
or
linear or branched C₂-C₈-alkyl, substituted by one or more functional groups selected from hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, amide, ester, ether, and halogen ,

R³ , R⁴ are the same or different and are H
or linear or branched C₁-C₈alkyl,
or

where

n is 1-6, and

R⁵ is H.

3. Process according to claim 2 wherein

X is O,

R¹ and R² are methyl,

R³ and R⁴ are H or -CH₂-CH₂-OH.

4. Process according to claim 3 wherein the non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I) is 1,3-Dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone.

5. Process according to any of the preceding claims wherein

a) the impregnation of said cellulose containing fabric is done in a bath containing from 30 to 500 g/l of the non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I) and having a pH below 3 ,

b) the drying is done at a temperature below 100°C to a residual moisture of from 5 to 15%,

c) the curing is done at a temperature below 40°C for 5 to 30 hours.

6. Process according claim 5 wherein

a) the impregnation of said cellulose containing fabric is done in a bath containing from 10 to 300 g/l of the non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I) and having a pH below 2,

b) the drying is done at a temperature below 100°C to a residual moisture of from 5 to 15%,

c) the curing is done at a temperature below 40°C for 5 to 30 hours.

7. Process according claim 6 wherein

a) the impregnation of said cellulose containing fabric is done in a bath containing from 10 to 300 g/l of the non formaldehyde cross-linking agent of formula (I) and having a pH from 0.8 to 1.5,

b) the drying is done at a temperature from 60 to 90°C to a residual moisture of from 6 to 10%,

c) the curing is done at a temperature below 40°C for 15 to 25 hours and the fabric is kept under rotation.

8. Process according to any of the preceding claims wherein the fabric is treated with an additional top-finish.

9. Process according to any of the preceding claims wherein the catalyst or mixture of catalysts is selected from hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid or ammonium chloride.

10. Process according to any of the preceding claims wherein wetting agents, lubricants or softening agents are used for the impregnation bath.

11. Textile obtained from a process according to any of the preceding claims.

Ansprüche

1. Verfahren zur Ausrüstung von Textilien, das die folgenden Schritte aufweist:

a) Imprägnieren eines zellulosehaltigen Gewebes unter sauren Bedingungen mit einem Bad, das einen Katalysator oder eine Mischung von Katalysatoren und entweder das cis- oder trans-Isomer oder Mischungen davon eines formaldehyfreien Vernetzungsmittels mit der Formel (I) enthält

wobei

X O oder S ist,

R¹, R² dieselben oder unterschiedlich sind und ein lineares oder verzweigtes C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl,

oder ein lineares oder verzweigtes C₂-C₂₀-Alkyl sind, das mit einer oder mehreren funktionellen Gruppen substituiert ist, die aus Hydroxyl, Amino, Carboxyl, Amid, Ester, Ether und Halogen ausgewählt sind,

R³, R⁴ dieselben oder unterschiedlich sind und ein Teil derselben Ringstruktur sein können und H

oder ein lineares oder verzweigtes C₁-C₂₀-Alkyl,

oder

sind, wobei

n 1-20 beträgt, und

R⁵ H oder eine lineare oder verzweigte Alkylkette C₁-C₄ ist,

b) Trocknen bei einer Temperatur von 130°C oder darunter auf eine Restfeuchte von 3 bis 30%, und

c) Aushärten bei einer Temperatur von 50°C oder darunter.

2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei

X O ist,

R¹, R² dieselben oder unterschiedlich sind und ein lineares oder verzweigtes C₁-C₈-Alkyl

oder ein lineares oder verzweigtes C₂-C₈-Alkyl sind, das mit einer oder mehreren funktionellen Gruppen substituiert ist, die aus Hydroxyl, Amino, Carboxyl, Amid, Ester, Ether und Halogen ausgewählt sind,

R³, R⁴ dieselben oder unterschiedlich sind und H

oder ein lineares oder verzweigtes C₁-C₈-Alkyl

oder

sind, wobei

n 1-6 beträgt, und

R⁵ H ist.

3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei

X O ist,

R¹ und R² Methyl sind,

R³ und R⁴ H oder -CH₂-CH₂-OH sind.

4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, wobei das formaldehyfreie Vernetzungsmittel mit der Formel (1) 1,3-Dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinon ist.

5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei

a) das Imprägnieren des zellulosehaltigen Gewebes in einem Bad durchgeführt wird, das von 30 bis 500 g/l des formaldehyfreien Vernetzungsmittels mit der Formel (I) enthält und einen pH-Wert unter 3 aufweist,

b) das Trocknen bei einer Temperatur von unter 100°C auf eine Restfeuchte von 5 bis 15% durchgeführt wird,

c) das Aushärten bei einer Temperatur von unter 40°C für 5 bis 30 Stunden durchgeführt wird.

6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei

a) das Imprägnieren des zellulosehaltigen Gewebes in einem Bad durchgeführt wird, das von 10 bis 300 g/l des formaldehyfreien Vernetzungsmittels mit der Formel (1) enthält und einen pH-Wert unter 2 aufweist,

b) das Trocknen bei einer Temperatur von unter 100°C auf eine Restfeuchte von 5 bis 15% durchgeführt wird,

c) das Aushärten bei einer Temperatur von unter 40°C für 5 bis 30 Stunden durchgeführt wird.

7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, wobei

a) das Imprägnieren des zellulosehaltigen Gewebes in einem Bad durchgeführt wird, das von 10 bis 300 g/l des formaldehyfreien Vernetzungsmittels mit der Formel (1) enthält und einen pH-Wert von 0,8 bis 1,5 aufweist,

b) das Trocknen bei einer Temperatur von 60 bis 90°C auf eine Restfeuchte von 6 bis 10% durchgeführt wird,

c) das Aushärten bei einer Temperatur von unter 40°C für 15 bis 25 Stunden durchgeführt wird und das Gewebe in Rotation gehalten wird.

8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Gewebe mit einer zusätzlichen Deckausrüstung behandelt wird.

9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Katalysator oder die Mischung der Katalysatoren aus Salzsäure, Schwefelsäure, Phosphorsäure oder Ammoniumchlorid ausgewählt ist.

10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei Benetzungsmittel, Schmiermittel oder Weichmacher für das Imprägnierbad verwendet werden.

11. Textil, das durch ein Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche erhalten wird.

Revendications

1. Procédé de finition de textiles comprenant les étapes suivantes :

a) l'imprégnation d'un tissu contenant de la cellulose en conditions acides avec un bain contenant un catalyseur ou un mélange de catalyseurs et l'isomère cis ou trans ou leurs mélanges d'un agent de réticulation non formaldéhyde de formule (I)

dans laquelle

X est O ou S,

R¹, R² sont identiques ou différents et sont un alkyle en C₁-C₂₀ linéaire ou ramifié,

ou un alkyle en C₂-C₂₀ linéaire ou ramifié, substitué par un ou plusieurs groupes fonctionnels choisis parmi hydroxyle, amino, carboxyle, amide, ester, éther et halogène,

R³, R⁴ sont identiques ou différents et peuvent faire partie de la même structure cyclique et sont H

ou un alkyle en C₁-C₂₀ linéaire ou ramifié,

ou

n étant 1 à 20 et

R⁵ étant H ou un alkyle en C₁-C₄ linéaire ou ramifié,

b) le séchage à une température de 130 °C ou moins à une humidité résiduelle de 3 à 30 %, et

c) le durcissement à une température de 50°C ou moins.

2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel

X est O,

R¹, R² sont identiques ou différents et sont un alkyle en C₁-C₈ linéaire ou ramifié,

ou un alkyle en C₂-C₈ linéaire ou ramifié, substitué par un ou plusieurs groupes fonctionnels choisis parmi hydroxyle, amino, carboxyle, amide, ester, éther et halogène,

R³, R⁴ sont identiques ou différents et sont H,

ou un alkyle en C₁-C₈ linéaire ou ramifié,

ou

n étant 1 à 6, et

R⁵ étant H.

3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel

X est O,

R¹ et R² sont méthyle,

R³ et R⁴ sont H ou -CH₂-CH₂-OH.

4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'agent de réticulation non formaldéhyde de formule (I) est la 1,3-diméthyl-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone.

5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel

a) l'imprégnation dudit tissu contenant de la cellulose est réalisée dans un bain contenant de 30 à 500 g/l de l'agent de réticulation non formaldéhyde de formule (I) et ayant un pH inférieur à 3,

b) le séchage est réalisé à une température inférieure à 100 °C jusqu'à une humidité résiduelle de 5 à 15 %,

c) le durcissement est réalisé à une température inférieure à 40°C pendant 5 à 30 heures.

6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel

a) l'imprégnation dudit tissu contenant de la cellulose est réalisée dans un bain contenant de 10 à 300 g/l de l'agent de réticulation non formaldéhyde de formule (I) et ayant un pH inférieur à 2,

b) le séchage est réalisé à une température inférieure à 100 °C jusqu'à une humidité résiduelle de 5 à 15 %,

c) le durcissement est réalisé à une température inférieure à 40°C pendant 5 à 30 heures.

7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel

a) l'imprégnation dudit tissu contenant de la cellulose est réalisée dans un bain contenant de 10 à 300 g/l de l'agent de réticulation non formaldéhyde de formule (I) et ayant un pH de 0,8 à 1,5,

b) le séchage est réalisé à une température de 60 à 90°C jusqu'à une humidité résiduelle de 6 à 10 %,

c) le durcissement est réalisé à une température inférieure à 40°C pendant 15 à 25 heures et le tissu est maintenu en rotation.

8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le tissu est traité avec une finition supérieure supplémentaire.

9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le catalyseur ou mélange de catalyseurs est choisi parmi l'acide chlorhydrique, l'acide sulfurique, l'acide phosphorique ou le chlorure d'ammonium.

10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel des agents mouillants, des lubrifiants ou des plastifiants sont utilisés pour le bain d'imprégnation.

11. Textile obtenu par un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.