[0001] This application claims priority to Japanese patent application serial number
2007-191738, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[0002] The present invention relates to electric motors having an armature core with electric
wires wound therearound, a commutator and a neck positioned between the armature core
and the commutator.
[0003] In general, as schematically shown in FIG 2(B), a rotor R of an electric motor M
includes an armature core 10 with wires W wound therearound, a commutator 12 connected
to the wires W, and a neck 14 positioned between the armature core 10 and the commutator
12. In order to prevent the wires W from floating up in the region of the neck 14
after the winding operation of the wires W, Japanese Laid Open Patent Publication
No.
10-210704 has proposed the following process.
[0004] Thus, as shown in FIG 10(A), in the case of a wire W1 that has one end connected
to a commutator segment No. I of the commutator 12, the wire W1 is wound around the
neck 14 by about one turn, passed through one of armature slots 11 (armature slot
No. 1) formed in the outer circumferential surface of the armature core 10, and is
then passed through a armature slot No. 8 that is positioned on the side opposite
to the armature slot No. 1 with respect to the center of the armature core 10. Thereafter,
the wire W1 is wound around the armature core 10 through the armature slot No. 1 and
the armature slot No. 8. After the wire W1 has wound around the armature core 10,
the other end of the wire W1 leaves from the armature slot No. 8, wound around the
neck 14 by a half turn, and is thereafter connected to a commutator segment No. 2
that is positioned next to the commutator segment No. 1.
[0005] The opposite ends of the wire W1 are loosely wound around the neck 14. Therefore,
it is possible to prevent the wire W1 from floating in a region of the neck 14 after
the winding operation of the wire W1 has been completed. In other words, the portions
of the wire W1 extending between the armature core 10 and the commutator 12 do not
need to be tensioned. Hence, no excessive load may be applied to the wire W1 due to
excessive tension applied during the winding operation or due to vibrations that may
be applied to the wire W1 during the operation of the motor. Therefore, it is possible
to prevent potential brakeage of the wire W1 at a position proximal to the commutator
12. In FIG. 10(A), the rotor R has sixteen armature slots and thirty two commutator
segments.
[0006] FIG. 10(A) also shows a wire W2 indicated by dotted lines. The wire W2 is connected
between a commutator segment No. 17 and a commutator segment No. 1.8 that are offset
by an angle of 180° from the commutator segment No. 1 and the commutator segment No.
2, respectively. The wire W2 is wound around the armature core 10 through a armature
slot No. 16 and a armature slot No. 9 in a manner similar to the wire W1. Similarly,
the other wires (not shown) also are wound around the armature core 10 through the
armature slots determined based on the positions of the commutator segments to which
the wires are connected.
[0007] As noted above, in the above publication, the wires W1 and W2 connected to the corresponding
commutator segments are wound around the armature core 10 after they have been wound
about the neck 14 by about one turn. Therefore, the wires W1 and W2 may contact each
other in the region of the neck 14, because the wires W1 and W2 are connected to the
commutator segment No. I and the commutator segment No. 17, respectively, which are
offset by an angle of 180° relative to each other.
[0008] As shown in FIG 10(B), brushes Br are connected between the commutator segments No.
I and No. 2 and between the commutator segments No. 17 and No. 18. Therefore, a voltage
that is equal to a power source voltage can be applied between the wire W1 and the
wire W2. Further, portions of the wires W1 and W2 positioned in the region of the
neck 14 are not so firmly fixed in position in comparison with their portions positioned
in the region of the armature slots 11. Therefore, there may be a possibility that
the wires W1 and W2 are rub each other due to vibrations during the operation of the
motor M. This may cause reduction in thickness of insulation layers of the wires W1
and W2. In particular, in the case of the wires W1 and W2, there is a possibility
of causing short-circuiting, because the potential difference between the wires W1
and W2 is large.
[0009] Therefore, there is a need in the art for motors that can prevent or reduce potential
short-circuiting of wires at a region of a neck.
[0010] One aspect according to the present invention includes electric motors including
an armature core, a commutator including a plurality of commutator segments, a neck
disposed between the armature core and the commutator, and a plurality of wires each
connected between two adjacent commutator segments and wound around the armature core
via the neck. The wires include a first wire connected between first two adjacent
commutator segments and a second wire connected between second two adjacent commutator
segments positioned opposite to the first two adjacent commutator segments with respect
to the axis of the armature core. The first wire and the second wire extend along
the neck such that they do not contact with each other.
[0011] Additional objects, features, and advantages, of the present invention will be readily
understood after reading the following detailed description together with the claims
and the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating paths of wires that are wound around an armature
core of an electric motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2(A) is a schematic view of the motor before the wires are wound;
FIG. 2(B) is a schematic view of the motor after the wires have been wound;
FIGS. 3 to 6 are views illustrating winding paths in developed forms of wires of the
motor;
FIGS. 7 to 9 are views illustrating winding paths in developed forms of wires of a
motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view illustrating paths of wires that are wound around an armature
core of a known electric motor; and
FIG. 10(B) is a schematic view showing a known wiring diagram of the motor.
[0012] Each of the additional features and teachings disclosed above and below may be utilized
separately or in conjunction with other features and teachings to provide improved
electric motors. Representative examples of the present invention, which examples
utilize many of these additional features and teachings both separately and in conjunction
with one another, will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
This detailed description is merely intended to teach a person of skill in the art
further details for practicing preferred aspects of the present teachings and is not
intended to limit the scope of the invention. Only the claims define the scope of
the claimed invention. Therefore, combinations of features and steps disclosed in
the following detailed description may not be necessary to practice the invention
in the broadest sense, and are instead taught merely to particularly describe representative
examples of the invention. Moreover, various features of the representative examples
and the dependent claims may be combined in ways that are not specifically enumerated
in order to provide additional useful embodiments of the present teachings.
[0013] In one embodiment, electric motors include an armature core, a commutator, a neck
and a plurality of wires. The armature core has an axis and defines a plurality of
armature slots arranged in a circumferential direction of the armature core. The commutator
includes a plurality of commutator segments arranged in the circumferential direction
of the commutator. The commutator has the same axis as the armature core and is spaced
from the armature core in an axial direction. The neck is disposed between the armature
core and the commutator and has a diameter smaller than the commutator. Each wire
extends along a path in which each wire (a) extends from a first one of the commutator
segments to the outer circumference of the neck and extends around a part thereof,
(b) extends through a first one of the armature slots of the armature core, turns
from the first one of the armature slots to extend through a second one of the armature
slots next to the first one of the armature slots, and extends through a third one
of the armature slots positioned opposite to the second one of the armature slots
with respect to the axis of the armature core, (c) extends around the armature core
through the third one and the first one of the armature slots and leaves the first
one of the armature slots; or (c') extends around the armature core through the third
one and the second one of the armature slots and leaves the third one of the armature
slots; and (d) extends around a part of the outer circumference of the neck and extends
from the neck to a second one of the commutator segments next to the first one of
the commutator segments. The first one and the second one of the armature slots are
offset from the first one and the second one of the commutator segments, respectively,
by an angle of approximately 80° about the axis.
[0014] With this arrangement, each wire may be first passed through the first one of the
armature slots and may leave from the armature core through the same slot as the first
one, or each wire may be first passed through the first one of the armature slots
and may leave from the armature core through the second one of the armature slots
next to the first one of the armature slots. In addition, because the first one and
the second one of the armature slots are offset from the first one and the second
one of the commutator segments, respectively, by an angle of approximately 180° about
the axis, each of opposite ends of each wire extends around the neck by an angle of
approximately 180° or half the circumferential length of the neck.
[0015] A wire No. 1 and a wire No. N will now be considered. Here, the wire No. N is connected
between two commutator segments, which are positioned opposite to two commutator segments
between which the wire No. 1 is connected, and which are offset by an angle of 180°
from the two commutator segments between which the wire No I is connected. As noted
above, each of opposite ends of each wire is wound around the neck by an angle of
about 180° or half the circumferential length of the neck. Therefore, the wire No.
1 and the wire No. N do not contact with each other in the region of the neck. Although
a maximum electrical potential difference may be caused between the wire No. 1 and
the wire No. N, these wires do not contact with each other in the region of the neck.
Therefore, it is possible to prevent potential short-circuiting between these wires.
In addition, because each of opposite ends of each wire is wound around the neck by
an angle of about 180° or half the circumferential length of the neck, it is possible
to prevent the opposite ends from floating at the neck.
[0016] The wires may include a plurality of pairs of first and second wires, the first and
second wires are wound around the armature core through the same two armature slots.
The first wire may first extend through one of the two armature slots, and the second
wire may be first passed through the other of the two armature slots.
[0017] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
1 to 9. These embodiments relate to an electric motor for use with a power tool, such
as a hammer drill.
<General Construction of Rotor of Electric Motor>
[0018] As shown in FIG 2(A), a rotor R of an electric motor M generally includes a shaft
10s defining a rotational axis, an armature core 10 having the same axis as the shaft
10s and fixedly mounted to the shaft 10s at a substantially central position of the
shaft 10s along its length, and a commutator 12 also having the same axis as the shaft
10s and fixedly mounted to the shaft 10s at a position proximal to one end of the
shaft 10s. A neck 14 is defined by a part of the shaft 10s positioned between the
armature core 10 and the commutator 12.
[0019] . In this embodiment, the motor M has sixteen armature slots 11 and thirty two commutator
segments 12t. More specifically, the armature slots 11 (hereinafter called "armature
slots No. 1 to 16") are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the armature
core 10 and spaced equally from each other in the circumferential direction. The commutator
12 is divided into the thirty two commutator segments 12t (hereinafter called "commutator
segments No.1 to No. 32") spaced equally from each other in the circumferential direction.
<Wires around Armature Core>
[0020] A first representative method of winding the wires W around the armature core 10
will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3 to 6. In this embodiment, all
the wires W are wound around the armature core 10 according to the same pattern of
path (hereinafter called "first pattern").
[0021] First, the method will be described in connection with a first wire W11 having one
end connected to the commutator segment No. 1 and having the other end connected to
the commutator segment No. 2. As indicated by solid lines in FIG. 1, after having
connected to the commutator segment No. 1, the first wire W11 is wound around the
left side part of the outer circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the
circumferential length of the neck 14, and thereafter the first wire W11 is passed
through the armature slot No. 8 of the armature core 10. The armature slot No. 8 is
offset from the armature slot No. 1 by an angle of about 180°.
[0022] Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the first wire W11 is turned from the armature slot
No. 8 to be passed through the armature slot No. 9 that is positioned next to the
armature slot No. 8. The first wire W11 is then passed through the armature slot No.
1 that is positioned at a position opposite to the armature slot No. 9 with respect
to the central axis of the armature core 10. Thereafter, the first wire W11 is wound
around the armature core 10 through the armature slot No. 1 and the armature slot
No. 8 by a predetermined number of turns (the first wire W11 is wound only one turn
in this embodiment). Then, the first wire W11 leaves from the armature slot No. 8
and is wound around the left side part of the outer circumference of the neck 14 by
about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14. Finally, the other end
of the first wire W11 is connected to the commutator segment No. 2.
[0023] In this way, the first wire W1 extends along the path of "commutator segment No.
1 - neck 14 - armature slot No. 8 - armature slot No. 9 - armature slot No. I - (winding
through slot No. 1 and armature slot No. 8) - armature slot No. 8 - neck 14 - commutator
segment No. 2."
[0024] As indicated by dotted lines in FIG. 5, one end of a second wire W12 is connected
to the commutator segment No. 2, so that the other end of the first wire W11 is electrically
connected to the second wire W12 via the commutator segment No. 2. The second wire
W12 is wound around the armature core 10 through the same armature slots and the same
order as those for the first wire W1. After leaving from the armature slot No. 8,
the other end of the second wire W12 is connected to the commutator segment No. 3.
[0025] In this way, the second wire W12 extends along the path of "commutator segment No.
2 - neck 14 - armature slot No. 8 - armature slot No. 9 - armature slot No. I - (winding
through slot No. I and armature slot No. 8) - armature slot No. 8 - neck 14 - commutator
segment No. 3."
[0026] As indicated by chain lines in FIG. 6, one end of a third wire W13 is connected to
the commutator segment No. 3, so that the other end of the second wire W12 is electrically
connected to the third wire W13 via the commutator segment No. 3. The third wire W13
is wound around the armature core 10 through the armature slots that are positioned
next to the armature slots through which the second wire W12 is wound around.
[0027] More specifically, after having connected to the commutator segment No. 3, the third
wire W13 is wound around the left side part of the outer circumference of the neck
14 by about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14, and thereafter
the third wire W13 is passed through the armature slot No. 9 of the armature core
10. Next, the third wire W13 is turned from the armature slot No. 9 to be passed through
the armature slot No. 10 that is positioned next to the armature slot No. 9. The third
wire W13 is then passed through the armature slot No. 2 that is positioned at a position
opposite to the armature slot No. 10 with respect to the central axis of the armature
core 10. Thereafter, the third wire W13 is wound around the armature core 10 through
the armature slot No. 2 and the armature slot No. 9 by a predetermined number of turns.
Then, the third wire W13 leaves from the armature slot No. 9 and is wound around the
left side part of the outer circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the
circumferential length of the neck 14. Finally, the other end of the third wire W13
is connected to the commutator segment No. 4.
[0028] In this way, the third wire W13 extends along the path of "commutator segment No.
3 - neck 14 - armature slot No. 9 - armature slot No. 10 - armature slot No. 2 - (winding
through slot No. 2 and armature slot No. 9) - armature slot No. 9 - neck 14 - commutator
segment No. 4."
[0029] One end of a fourth wire (not shown) is connected to the commutator segment No. 4,
so that the other end of the third wire W13 is electrically connected to the fourth
wire via the commutator segment No. 4. The fourth wire is wound around the armature
core 10 through the same armature slots and the same order as those for the third
wire W 13.
[0030] In this way, according to this method, two wires are wound around the armature core
10 through the same armature slots, and next two wires are wound around the armature
core 10 through the armature slots that are respectively positioned next to the armature
slots for the previous two wires. In the same manner, the remaining wires are wound
around the armature core 10 such that any two wires are wound around the armature
core 10 through the armature slots that are respectively positioned next to the armature
slots for the previous two wires.
[0031] As for the seventeenth wire W21 that have one end connected to the commutator segment
No. 17 and the other end connected to the commutator segment No. 18, because the commutator
segments Nos. 17 and 18 are offset from the commutator segment Nos. I and 2 by an
angle of about 180°, respectively, the following winding process is applied.
[0032] As indicated by chain lines in FIG 1, after having connected to the commutator segment
No. 17, the seventeenth wire W21 is wound around the right side part of the outer
circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential length of the
neck 14, and thereafter the seventeenth wire W21 is passed through the armature slot
No. 16 of the armature core 10. Next, as shown FIGS. 1 and 4, the seventeenth W21
is turned from the armature slot No. 16 to be passed through the armature slot No.
1 that is positioned next to the armature slot No. 16. The seventeenth wire W21 is
then passed through the armature slot No. 9 that is positioned at a position opposite
to the armature slot No. 1 with respect to the central axis of the armature core 10.
Thereafter, the seventeenth wire W21 is wound around the armature core 10 through
the armature slot No. 16 and the armature slot No. 9. Then, the seventeenth wire W21
leaves from the armature slot No. 16 and is wound around the right side part of the
outer circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential length
of the neck 14. Finally, the other end of the seventeenth wire W21 is connected to
the commutator segment No. 18.
[0033] In this way, the seventeenth wire W21 extends along the path of "commutator segment
No. 17 - neck 14 - armature slot No. 16 - armature slot No. I - armature slot No.
9 - (winding through slot No. 16 and armature slot No. 9) - armature slot No. 16 -
neck 14 - commutator segment No. 18."
<Advantages of Electric Motor M>
[0034] As described above, the armature slot (No. 8) through which the first wire W11 is
passed for the first time is the same as the armature slot (No. 8) from which the
other end of the first wire W11 leaves. In addition, the armature slot No. 8 is positioned
at a position offset by an angle of about 180° from the commutator segments Nos. 1
and 2. Therefore, each of opposite end portions of the first wire W1 is wound around
the neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14. Therefore,
as will be seen from FIG. 1, the first wire W11 connected between the commutator segments
Nos. 1 and 2 and the seventeenth wire W21 connected between the commutator segments
Nos. 17 and 18 do not contact with each other in the region of the neck 14.
[0035] The first wire W11 and the seventeenth wire W21 are connected to their respective
commutator segments, which are positioned opposite to each other, and therefore, a
maximum electrical potential difference may be caused between the first wire W11 and
the seventeenth wire W21. However, because the first wire W11 and the seventeenth
wire W21 do not contact each other in the region of the neck 14 (an area vulnerable
to be influenced by vibrations), and therefore, it is possible to prevent or minimize
potential short-circuiting between the wires W11 and W12.
[0036] Further, each of opposite end portions of each wire W is wound around the neck 14
by about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14. Therefore, the opposite
end portions of the wires W may not float up in the region of the neck 14.
[0037] Although the first wire W11 and the seventeenth wire W21 may partly overlap with
each other within the armature slot No. I and the armature slot No. 9, the wires W11
and W21 are stably fixed within these armature slots. Hence, the wires W11 and W21
within these armature slots may not be influenced by potential vibrations. As a result,
any problems caused due to partial overlapping of the wires W11 and W21, between which
a maximum electrical potential difference, may be reduced or eliminated in this configuration..
<Another Path of Wires>
[0038] An alternative method of winding the wires W will now be described with reference
to FIGS. 7 to 9. Also with this method, two wires are wound around the armature core
10 through the same armature slots. However, the two wires are first passed through
different armature slots from each other.
[0039] First, the method will be described in connection with a first wire WX1 having one
end connected to the commutator segment No. 1 and having the other end connected to
the commutator segment No. 2. As indicated by solid lines in FIG. 7, after having
connected to the commutator segment No. 1, the first wire WX1 is wound around the
left side part of the outer circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the
circumferential length of the neck 14. Thereafter, the first wire WX1 is passed through
the armature slot No. 7 of the armature core 10 and is then turned to pass through
the armature slot No. 8 positioned next to the armature slot No. 7. Then, the first
wire WX1 is turned from the armature slot No. 8 to be passed through the armature
slot No. I that is positioned at a position opposite to the armature slot No. 8 with
respect to the central axis of the armature core 10. Thereafter, the first wire WX1
is wound around the armature core 10 through the armature slot No. 1 and the armature
slot No. 8 by a predetermined number of turns. Then, the first wire W11 leaves from
the armature slot No. 8 and is wound around the left side part of the outer circumference
of the neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14. Finally,
the other end of the first wire WX1 is connected to the commutator segment No. 2.
[0040] In this way, the first wire WX1 extends along the path of "commutator segment No.
I - neck 14 - armature slot No. 7 - armature slot No. 8 - armature slot No. 1 - (winding
through slot No. 1 and armature slot No. 8) - armature slot No. 8 - neck 14 - commutator
segment No. 2."
[0041] Thus, according to this method, the first wire WX1 is first passed through the armature
slot No. 7 that is different from the armature slot No.8, from which the other end
of the first wire WX1 leaves. This pattern of path is hereinafter called "second pattern."
[0042] As indicated by dotted lines in FIG 8, one end of a second wire WX2 is connected
to the commutator segment No. 2. The second wire WX2 is then wound around the left
side part of the outer circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential
length of the neck 14, and thereafter the second wire WX2 is passed through the armature
slot No. 8 of the armature core 10. Next, the second wire WX2 is turned from the armature
slot No. 8 to be passed through the armature slot No. 9 that is positioned next to
the armature slot No. 8. The second wire WX2 is then passed through the armature slot
No. 1 that is positioned at a position opposite to the armature slot No. 9 with respect
to the central axis of the armature core 10. Thereafter, the second WX2 is wound around
the armature core 10 through the armature slot No. 1 and the armature slot No. 8 by
a predetermined number of turns. Then, the second wire WX2 leaves from the armature
slot No. 8 and is wound around the left side part of the outer circumference of the
neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14. Finally, the
other end of the second wire WX2 is connected to the commutator segment No. 3.
[0043] In this way, the second wire WX2 extends along the path of "commutator segment No.
2 - neck 14 - armature slot No. 8 - armature slot No. 9 - armature slot No. 1 - (winding
through slot No. 1 and armature slot No. 8) - armature slot No. 8 - neck 14 - commutator
segment No. 3."
[0044] Thus, the second wire WX2 is wound around the armature core according to the first
pattern shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, and therefore, the second wire WX2 is first passed
through the same armature slot No.8, from which the other end of the second wire WX2
leaves.
[0045] Therefore, although both the first and second wires WX1 and WX2 are wound around
the armature core 10 through the armature slot No. 1 and the armature slot No. 8,
the second wire WX1 is first passed through the armature slot No. 8 that is different
from the armature slot No. 7 through which the first wire WX1 is first passed.
[0046] As indicated by chain lines in FIG 9, a third wire WX3 is wound around the armature
core 10 in the second pattern through the armature slots that are positioned next
to the armature slots through which the first wire WX1 is wound around.
[0047] More specifically, after having connected to the commutator segment No. 3, the third
wire WX3 is wound around the left side part of the outer circumference of the neck
14 by about one half of the circumferential length of the neck 14. Thereafter, the
third wire WX3 is passed through the armature slot No. 8 of the armature core 10 and
is then turned to pass through the armature slot No. 9. positioned next to the armature
slot No. 8. Then, the third wire WX3 is turned from the armature slot No. 9 to be
passed through the armature slot No. 2 that is positioned at a position opposite to
the armature slot No. 9 with respect to the central axis of the armature core 10.
Thereafter, the third wire WX3 is wound around the armature core 10 through the armature
slot No. 2 and the armature slot No. 9 by a predetermined number of turns. Then, the
third wire WX3 leaves from the armature slot No. 9 and is wound around the left side
part of the outer circumference of the neck 14 by about one half of the circumferential
length of the neck 14. Finally, the other end of the third wire WX3 is connected to
the commutator segment No. 4.
[0048] In this way, the third wire WX3 extends along the path of "commutator segment No.
3 - neck 14 - armature slot No. 8 - armature slot No. 9 - armature slot No. 2 - (winding
through slot No. 2 and armature slot No. 9) - armature slot No. 9 - neck 14 - commutator
segment No. 4."
[0049] A fourth wire (not shown) is wound in the first pattern around the armature core
10 through the armature slots that are positioned next to the armature slots through
which the second wire WX2 is wound around. Thus, the fourth wire is wound around the
armature core 10 though the armature slot No. 2 and the armature slot No 9 that are
the same as those for the third wire WX3. However, the fourth wire is first passed
through a different armature slot from the armature slot through which the third wire
WX3 is first passed.
[0050] In this way, also in this embodiment, two wires are wound around the armature core
10 through the same armature slots, and next two wires are wound around the armature
core 10 through the armature slots that are respectively positioned next to the armature
slots for the previous two wires. In the same manner, the remaining wires are wound
around the armature core 10 such that any two wires are wound around the armature
core 10 through the armature slots that are respectively positioned next to the armature
slots for the previous two wires.
<Further Alternative Embodiments>
[0051] The present invention may not be limited to the above embodiments but may be modified
in various ways. Although, the wires W are wound only in the first pattern as shown
in FIGS. 3 to 6 according to the first method, and the wires W are wound alternatively
in the second pattern and the first pattern in this order as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9
according to the second method, the wires may be wound only in the second pattern
or alternatively in the first pattern and the second pattern in this order.
[0052] Further, although the above embodiment has been described in connection with the
motor M having sixteen armature slots and thirty two commutator segments, it is possible
to apply the present invention to any other motors having different number of armature
slots and different number of commutator segments.
[0053] Furthermore, the number of turns of winding the wires W around the armature core
10 may be suitable determined.
It is explicitly stated that all features disclosed in the description and/or the
claims are intended to be disclosed separately and independently from each other for
the purpose of original disclosure as well as for the purpose of restricting the claimed
invention independent of the composition of the features in the embodiments and/or
the claims. It is explicitly stated that all value ranges or indications of groups
of entities disclose every possible intermediate value or intermediate entity for
the purpose of original disclosure as well as for the purpose of restricting the claimed
invention, in particular as limits of value ranges.
1. An electric motor (M) comprising:
an armature core (10) having an axis and defining a plurality of armature slots (11)
arranged in a circumferential direction of the armature core (10);
a commutator (12) having the same axis as the armature core (10) and spaced from the
armature core (10) in an axial direction,
wherein the commutator (12) comprises a plurality of commutator segments (12t) arranged
in a circumferential direction of the commutator (12);
a neck (14) disposed between the armature core (10) and the commutator (12) and having
a diameter smaller than the commutator (12); and
a plurality of wires (W) extending around the armature core (10) through the armature
slots (11) of the armature core (10); wherein each wire extends along a path in which
each wire
(a) extends from a first one of the commutator segments (12t) to the outer circumference
of the neck (14) and extends around a part thereof,
(b) extends through a first one of the armature slots (11) of the armature core (10),
turns from the first one of the armature slots (11) to extend through a second one
of the armature slots (11) next to the first one of the armature slots (11), and extends
through a third one of the armature slots (11) positioned opposite to the second one
of the armature slots (11) with respect to the axis of the armature core (10),
(c) extends around the armature core (10) through the third one and the first one
of the armature slots (11) and leaves the first one of the armature slots (11), or
(c') extends around the armature core (10) through the third one and the second one
of the armature slots (11) and leaves the third one of the armature slots (11); and
(d) extends around a part of the outer circumference of the neck (14) and extends
from the neck (14) to a second one of the commutator segments (12t) next to the first
one of the commutator segments (12t);
wherein the first one and the second one of the armature slots (11) are offset from
the first one and the second one of the commutator segments (12t), respectively, by
an angle of approximately 180° about the axis.
2. The electric motor (M) as in claim 1, wherein the wires (W) comprise a plurality of
pairs of first and second wires, and the first and second wires in each pair extend
around the armature core (10) through the same two armature slots (11).
3. The electric motor (M) as in claim 2, wherein the first wire and the second wire in
each pair are first passed through one of the two armature slots (11) and the other
of the two armature slots (11), respectively.
4. An electric motor (M) comprising:
an armature core (10) having an axis and defining a plurality of armature slots (11)
arranged in a circumferential direction of the armature;
a commutator (12) having the same axis as the armature core (10) and spaced from the
armature core (10) in an axial direction,
wherein the commutator (12) comprises a plurality of commutator segments (12t) arranged
in a circumferential direction of the commutator (12);
a neck (14) disposed between the armature core (10) and the commutator (12); and
a plurality of wires (W) each connected between two adjacent commutator segments (12t)
and wound around the armature core (10) via the neck (14); wherein
the wires (W) include a first wire connected between first two adjacent commutator
segments (12t) and a second wire connected between second two adjacent commutator
segments (12t) positioned opposite to the first two adjacent commutator segments (12t)
with respect to the axis;
the first wire and the second wire extends along the neck (14) not to contact with
each other.
5. The electric motor (M) as in claim 4, wherein each of the first and second wires extends
along the neck (14) while being wound around the neck (14) by a substantially half
the circumferential length of the neck (14).
6. The electric motor (M) as in claim 4 or 5, wherein alls the wires (W) extend between
two adjacent commutator segments (12t) via the armature core (10) in the same pattern.
7. The electric motor (M) as in claim 4 or 5, wherein:
the wires (W) include first pattern wires and second pattern wires;
the first pattern wires extend between two adjacent commutator segments (12t) via
the armature core (10) in a first pattern;
the second pattern wires extend between two adjacent commutator segments (12t) via
the armature core (10) in a second pattern; and
the first pattern wires and the second pattern wires are positioned alternatively
in the circumferential direction.