(57) Especially devised for the cutting of pieces of great hardness, such as, for example,
pieces of steel, aluminium and metals in general, plastics, glasses, rocks and other;
it consists of a high-density glass, with a density equal to or greater than 3.5 T/m
3 and a granulometry less than 55% of the interior diameter of the nozzle of the water
jet. With this new abrasive, practical results are achieved which are very similar
to those of the classic abrasive used in this field, ground granite, but at considerably
lower costs.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a new abrasive especially devised to be used as
an additive in a water jet cutting machine.
[0002] The object of the invention is to achieve a product which, correctly complying with
its function as said abrasive, determines a substantial lowering of costs with respect
to the abrasives conventionally used.
[0003] The invention is situated thus in the field of abrasive products, and more specifically
in the industrial area of the raw materials used in cutting machines of different
types of material such as steels and others.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0004] As is known, the water jet cutting machines, which can use simply water when soft
materials are cut, such as, for example, rubber seals or other, require an abrasive
when hard pieces are cut, such as, for example, pieces of steel.
[0005] The abrasives are selected in accordance with their hardness, durability, resistance
to impact, granulometric distribution and, of course, price.
[0006] At present, and for these applications, granite, which is a natural mineral which
is conveniently treated to obtain a suitable granulometry in this use as abrasive,
is used, in practically exclusive form.
[0007] This mineral satisfactorily complies with its function, but nevertheless, has as
fundamental problem a very high cost, so that this abrasive constitutes the element
of greatest cost in the cutting operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The abrasive for cutting by water jet that the invention proposes resolves the aforementioned
problem in a fully satisfactorily manner, so that maintaining very similar functional
features to those of granite, it entails a substantial lowering of costs, which means
that said abrasive can reach the consumer at a price which is a great deal lower.
[0009] This lowering of costs is due to the fact that the abrasive that the invention proposes
consists of a high-density glass.
[0010] More specifically, the following components participate in said high-density glass:
- Silicon oxide (SiO2) ..... between 18 and 32%
- Iron oxide (Fe2O3) ..... between 20 and 50%
- Zinc oxide (ZnO) ..... between 1 and 15%
- Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)... between 4 and 16%
- Calcium oxide (CaO)......... between 1 and 6%
- Chromium (Cr), Tin (Sn), Lead (PB), Copper (Cu), Vanadium (V) and Sodium (Na).....
between 1 and 11 %
[0011] This mixture of oxides, with a density equal to or greater than 3.5 tons/m
3 and with a granulometry, in turn, less than 55% of the interior diameter of the nozzle
of the water jet, permits cutting materials that are normally cut by granite with
a water jet, at a more economic price.
EXAMPLE OF PRACTICAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0012] Using an "Injersoll Rand
@" water jet, a high-density glass with the following composition was used as coadjuvant
abrasive with the water:
- SiO2..... 30%
- Fe2O3..... 45%
- ZnO ..... 7%
- Al2O3..... 10%
- CaO ..... 3%
- Mixture of equal parts of Cr, Sn, Pb, Cu, V and Na....... 5%
[0013] This mixture, with a density of 3.9 and with a granulometry, in this case, less than
600 microns, gave the following comparative results compared with the use of classic
granite, with a pressure of 3,100 kg for the machine, with a width of 1.3 mm in the
loading nozzle, with a distance of 1.5 mm between the nozzle and the stainless steel,
type 316 L thickness 12 mm:
- Penetration time 25.47/22.53 sec.; similar.
- Slightly inferior cutting quality.
- Cost of the abrasive in the order of 70%.
[0014] It is gathered from the results obtained that, except in those cases where an extraordinary
cutting quality is required, in all others the new abrasive is much more interesting
for the consumer than the conventional abrasive based on ground granite.
1. Abrasive for cutting by water jet, of the type used for the cutting of pieces of considerable
hardness, such as, for example, steels, aluminium and metals in general, plastics,
glasses, rocks and other; characterized in that it consists of a high-density glass, duly ground.
2. Abrasive for cutting by water jet, according to the preceding claims,
characterized in that the high-density glass has the following components:
- Silicon oxide (SiO2)..... between 18 and 32%
- Iron oxide (Fe2O3) ........ between 20 and 50%
- Zinc oxide (ZnO) ........... between 1 and 15%
- Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) . between 4 and 16%
- Calcium oxide (CaO) ..... between 1 and 6%
- Chromium (Cr), Tin (Sn), Lead (PB), Copper (Cu), Vanadium (V) and Sodium (Na).....
between 1 and 11%
3. Abrasive for cutting by water jet, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-density glass has a density equal to or greater than 3.5 T/m3.
4. Abrasive for cutting by water jet, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-density glass has a granulometry less than 55% of the interior diameter
of the nozzle of the water jet.