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(11) | EP 2 075 386 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
| published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC |
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| (54) | METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING SEMI-DRY PARTITIONS FROM PANELS OF PLASTER AND LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE |
| (57) Procedure for construction of partitions, in which panels are used formed by a layer
of lightweight concrete and another of gypsum plaster joined to each other, two sets
of panels being used for the construction of partitions, which panels form each of
the faces of the partition, being mounted so that the lightweight concrete is confronting,
and so that each of the whole panels of one of the faces is in contact with four panels
of the other face, mounting on one of the faces a quarter panel and on one of the
faces thereof a row of aligned halt panels, concluding with aligned whole panels.
The confronting panels of each of the faces are joined by means of cement mortar.
The procedure is of application to any type of partition, be it for separation, a
party wall or for backing. |
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The object of the present invention is a procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning from panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete which, due to the characteristics of the panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete, achieves a quick and simple procedure for constructing partitions.
[0002] The panels used in the construction of partitions are formed by a configuration of two materials mounted in sections or layers, the first section or layer being of gypsum plaster on which a layer of lightweight concrete is disposed, properly joined to the preceding gypsum plaster section.
[0003] The present invention is characterized in the special disposition of the gypsum plaster and concrete panels in the construction of partitions, so that the construction of the partition can be carried out quickly and provides the greatest possible rigidity for the final structure of the partition.
[0004] The present invention is characterized by the special heatproof, soundproof and fireproof insulating properties that the partitions built from panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete have, whereby they are particularly useful as a constructive element.
[0005] The procedure object of the invention is of application to any type of partition, party wall, separation, or backing, adapted according to the nature of the actual partition.
[0006] Therefore, the present invention falls within the field of the construction of partitions and in a particular manner within the partitioning built from prefabricated elements.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0007] It is known that the construction of partitions can be carried out in several ways, by means of plastered bricks, normal or thin, and they can also be built from prefabricated elements by means of enclosure panels, which can be varied in nature such as agglomerate panels, laminate panels of gypsum or plaster, etc.
[0008] Each with its own particular features due to the nature of the materials employed, has its inherent drawbacks.
[0009] On one hand, the partitioning made with bricks and subsequently plastered, is very dirty in the construction thereof and produces a great quantity of debris, as well as requiring considerable manpower. On the other hand, partitioning based on enclosure panels does not provide sufficient structural rigidity and soundproofing, although it is very quick to install.
[0010] Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to try to remove the drawbacks of both types of partitioning, whilst combining the benefits of the same. That is, on one hand, it is sought to achieve a system of constructing partitions in which materials are used which provide rigidity to the partition, grant it solidity and sufficient soundproofing, as well as being a clean and quick procedure to carry out.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The object of the present invention is a procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning based on panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete.
[0012] The panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete are composed of a base section or layer of gypsum plaster, on which there is a section or layer of lightweight concrete with no interior reinforcement whatever, joined to the previous one. During the manufacturing process both sections or layers are joined to each other by means of a tie piece.
[0013] The light aggregates employed in the production of the section of lightweight concrete of the panel can be several: arlite, perlite, vermiculite, pumice stone, etc. The use of perlite is preferred, for its superior lightness, and heatproof and soundproof properties, as well as its fireproof characteristics.
[0014] The panels of lightweight concrete and gypsum plaster can have both sections or layers flush-faced, or the concrete can be set back with respect to the gypsum plaster. In the event of the concrete being set back, this offset can be vertical or plumb, that is, forming an angle of 90° where it meets the gypsum plaster, or have the edges in diagonal.
[0015] Since partitioning in general is plastered on both faces, and the panels of lightweight concrete and gypsum plaster only have plaster on one of their faces, two sets of confronting panels are used in the construction of the partitions so that they have the face with gypsum plaster as the face visible from the exterior.
[0016] With the object of providing the partition with greater rigidity, and to avoid the joints of the sets of panels of both faces coinciding, the construction of the partition begins in such a way that a quarter panel is placed on one of its faces, mounting thereafter on both sides of the quarter panel individual rows of half panels, and finally continuing with complete panels. On the other face the whole panels are mounted aligned so that each of the panels is in contact with four panels of the other face. The action of having any one of the panels of either of the two faces of the partition in contact with four panels of the confronting face provides the partition with greater rigidity.
[0017] The joining of the panels to each other on the same face and with the panels of the confronting face is done with cement mortar, spreading the cement, or plaster or gypsum mortar both on the concrete layers of the panels, as well as on the edges.
[0018] Once the wall has been erected, with the object of sealing the joints between panels, a tape is placed over said joints which is stuck to the panels by applying gypsum plaster, thereby avoiding the formation of possible future cracks that could appear in the event of applying only gypsum plaster.
[0019] The procedure described is of application to party walls or separating partitions, the two being distinguished in the thickness of the partitions.
[0020] In the event that the partition it is wanted to build with these enclosure panels is a partition with backing, as it only requires to have one visible face, two sets of panels are used, some of them of lightweight concrete and gypsum plaster, which would be those employed for the visible face, with the gypsum plaster mounted toward the exterior, whilst the other set of panels is made only of concrete, that is, they have no gypsum plaster, the two panels being joined by means of cement mortar, the joining and the placement being identical to that explained above, that is, with each of the whole panels of one of the faces in contact with four panels of the confronting face.
EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] To complete the description that will be made below and with the object of assisting in a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, attached to the present descriptive specification, as an integral part thereof, is a set of diagrams in the figures of which, by way of illustration and not restrictively, the most significant features of the invention have been represented.
[0022] In figure 1, a depiction is shown in perspective of a partition built with the procedure object of the invention and in which the two faces are separated with the objective of appreciating the constructional characteristics of the panels as well as their disposition.
[0023] In figure 2, an alternative form of embodiment is shown of a partition built with panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0024] In the light of the aforementioned figures, a description is given hereunder of a preferred embodiment of the invention, together with the explanation of the drawings.
[0025] As it can be appreciated, the object of the invention resides in the fact of using panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete in the construction of partitions mounting two sets of panels of gypsum plaster and lightweight concrete which form each of the faces of the partition, arranging the panels of each of the faces so that they have the lightweight concrete confronted.
[0026] The joint between the panels is made with cement, plaster or gypsum mortar to join both the areas of lightweight concrete and the edges.
[0027] Finally in the gypsum plaster joints between panels of each of the faces a tape is disposed which is stuck to the panels using gypsum plaster, the objective being to avoid the formation of fissures.
[0028] Both in figure 1 and in figure 2, it is observed that the panels are formed by a layer or section of gypsum plaster (4) on which is attached another layer or section of lightweight concrete (5), it being possible for the concrete with respect to the edges of the gypsum plaster layer, to be flush or set back, and in the event of being set back having an angle of 90° where it meets the panel of gypsum plaster or with the edges arranged diagonally.
[0029] In figure 1 it is shown how the procedure is carried out of constructing hemihydrate partitioning that is the object of the invention, beginning on one of the faces of the partition with a quarter panel (1) and mounting on both sides of the quarter panel individual rows of half panels (2) arranged in aligned form, then continuing with whole panels. On the confronting face, aligned whole panels are mounted, so that each of the panels is in contact with four panels of the confronting face. In this figure 1, the discontinuous line shows the relative location of the panels of the rear face of the partition of the figure, with respect to the panels of the most proximate face, and indeed each of the panels of either of the faces is in contact with four panels of the other face.
[0030] In figure 2, a possible form of alternative embodiment is observed, wherein one of the faces of the partition begins with a quarter panel (1), having on one of the sides thereof a row of aligned half panels (2), the construction continuing in an upper row with whole panels (3) staggered with respect to the previous one. It can be observed how the disposition of the panels on one of the faces is staggered, whilst on the other face of the partition, the panels are mounted in an adjoining manner and they are whole panels (3). On the more proximate face in the figure, the disposition of the panels of the confronting face has been represented in discontinuous linens, it being observed that at least each of the whole panels of the rear face of the partition is in contact with three of the panels of the front face.
[0031] In the event that backed partitions are to be erected, one of the faces of the partition will not be visible, so it is sufficient that the panels used be only of lightweight concrete and they will be in contact with the lightweight concrete part of the panels of the visible face.
[0032] It is not deemed necessary to extend this description further for an expert in the matter to comprehend the scope of the invention and the advantages to be derived from the same.
1. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, characterized in that panels are used formed by a first section or layer of gypsum plaster on which is
mounted a layer of lightweight concrete properly joined to the previous gypsum plaster
section, there being in the construction of the partitioning two faces formed by the
previous panels and mounted so that the lightweight concrete part is confronting.
2. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, according to the first claim
characterized in that for the construction of one of the faces, a quarter panel is mounted and individual
rows of aligned half panels arranged in an aligned form on the two sides of the quarter
panel, the rest of the partition continuing with whole panels; on the other side the
confronting face the panels are mounted so that they are in contact with four panels
of the other front face, so that any one of the panels of either of the faces is in
contact with four panels of the other face.
3. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, according to the first claim
characterized in that for the construction of one of the faces a quarter panel is mounted and a row of
aligned half panels is mounted in aligned form nn one of the sides of the quarter
panel, continuing in the upper row with whole panels staggered with respect to the
lower one, forming a staggered group on this face, whilst on the other rear face the
panels are arranged so that at least each one of them is in contact with three panels
of the other front face.
4. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, according to the second
and third claims characterized in that for the joining of the confronting panels, cement, plaster or gypsum mortar is used,
being used both on the lightweight concrete part and on the edges.
5. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, according to the second
and third claims characterized in that in the joints between contiguous panels a tape is disposed stuck to the panels with
gypsum plaster.
6. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, according to any one of
the preceding claims characterized in that the procedure is of application to party walls or separating partitions.
7. - Procedure for construction of hemihydrate partitioning, according to any one of
the claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the procedure is of application to backed partitions in which case one of the faces
of the partition is formed by panels that only have lightweight , concrete, whilst
the other of the faces is implemented with panels of lightweight concrete and gypsum
plaster.