OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0001] As stated in the title of this descriptive specification, the present invention relates
to a bolting system for points changing in railways, which presents among other characteristics
greater stability and security of functioning, along with ease of fitting and removal,
moreover requiring minimum maintenance. This invention is also applicable to movable
point frogs.
[0002] It is also the object of the invention to achieve a greater smoothness in functioning,
along with optimum precision in the closed and open positions of the point, and to
prevent oscillations of the point produced when trains pass over it.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Railway traffic needs rails which are displaced (movable rails or points) so that
trains can pass from one track to another, along with movable points which move from
one position to another in synchrony with the switches. Owing to the requirements
of these movable rails, railway junctions are among the most dangerous sections of
track, where the risk of derailment is high. In order to minimize these risks, the
movable rails (points) have to be perfectly fixed in their final positions, without
being affected by vibrations and blows produced by the passage of the trains.
[0004] The bolts traditionally used are cheap, they have the problem of requiring frequent
maintenance, and they perform badly.
[0005] An improvement in this system is that developed in patents E00941990, E02028920 or
E91041200, in which the elements that are used in the maneuver roll rather than slide,
which minimizes stresses, as well as not requiring periodical greasing. Nevertheless,
by applying an exterior force on the point of union of the two rails, one can manage
to separate them and the point is only locked in the closed position. Moreover, their
tightening is affected by changes in gauge.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In general terms, the bolting system for points changing in railways and in movable
point frogs, forming the object of the invention, has to achieve a synchronous movement
of the two points, and also, once positioned and the force pushing them has disappeared,
they have to remain in that position without being affected by vibrations and blows
produced by the passage of the trains.
[0007] In order to achieve a minimum or zero maintenance, the mechanisms have to be sealed
to prevent the entry of dust and water. The movable pieces have to slide on anti-friction
materials, (Teflon, molybdenum, bronze, etc.) and, where possible, they have to roll.
[0008] Owing to the fact that the intervals for carrying out maintenance on tracks are becoming
increasingly less, easy fitting and removal has to be achieved, so that, if a failure
occurs in the bolt, it can be quickly replaced by a spare so that the track is left
in a condition for being used. The broken piece is removed and repaired. Achieving
easy fitting and removal is only possible if the mechanism is a single body which
is extracted by releasing a few pieces in a reasonably short space of time.
[0009] The system is conceived for being used in a hollow sleeper, or close to one of them.
It consists of two independent bolt bodies, one for each point, but joined by an intermediate
bar adjustable in length.
[0010] Being independent, they can be easily removed. Moreover, they are not affected by
variations in gauge that take place, nor do they need any precision in the alignment
and leveling between the two bodies.
[0011] Each body is suspended from the shoe of the counterpoint (fixed rail), by means of
a fastening achieved with clamps, which avoids the need to drill the rail in order
to be able to fix a bolt.
[0012] Attached to the point (movable rail) is an appendage which is fixed to the shoe thereof
with a single drill-hole. The expansion due to temperature changes of the point produces
the displacement of the point with respect to the appendage, but the bolt permits
this since provision has already been made for the bolt-point union to be carried
out by means of a rotating pulley-wheel via which the pushing and pulling of the point
takes place.
[0013] Described below is the kinematic chain of functioning. The piece which produces the
locking of the mechanism is a roller which moves between two fixed positions where
it remains recessed and as it moves it mechanically joins two different pieces: slider
and bar, as we will see later on in relation to the figures.
[0014] When the point is coupled, in other words, in contact with the counterpoint, the
roller is recessed between the piece known as the box and the slider, It locks them
together and, as it has no possibility of movement, it keeps them joined together
and fixed.
[0015] The piece known as the bar is moved by an external actuating mechanism and has a
rabbet where the roller can be housed. When that rabbet passes below the roller, the
roller "falls" and then the slider and the box cease to be locked together. The point
is therefore free. At that moment, the roller locks the bar with the slider and, as
the bar carries on moving, it drags the slider and this in turn drags the point.
[0016] When the point reaches the open position, it is locked, and the roller rises up towards
a groove that is in the box, again locking the slider with the box, and so the point
also remains locked in that position. If it is wished for the point not to remain
locked in the open position, it suffices to make an adjustment in that regard without
having to change any piece, simply by means of adjustment.
[0017] The actuating system for carrying out the points change can be of the hydraulic type
and in this case the bar-slider unit is going to act as a hydraulic cylinder when
it receives fluid from the outside. As the maneuvering and retention stresses do not
usually exceed 900 kg, a low pressure circuit can be used.
[0018] As has been stated earlier, the invention can be applicable to a movable point frog,
which is displaced from one position to another (open-closed) by means of the bolting
system forming the object of the invention, in which the movable point is replaced
by a switch.
[0019] With this arrangement, the following improvements are obtained:
- There is no need to drill the counterpoints.
- The changes in the gauge do not affect its tightening.
- There is no need for greasing or maintenance.
- It minimizes the maneuvering stresses due to using rolling elements and anti-friction
materials.
- Its adjustment is done by means of threaded elements.
- The point is locked in the two positions (open and closed) or just in the closed position,
the bolt can be trailable, according to the wishes of the railway authorities.
- The expansions of the tracks are not affected.
- It is simple to fit and remove on the track.
[0020] Certain improvements in the structure offered by the bolt bodies are also considered:
[0021] The bar carries two rabbets in which can be housed partially and sequentially two
horizontal rollers which move in respective transversal sheaves of the slider, instead
of there just being one roller as occurs in the previous embodiment. By using this
second roller, the distance which the point moves manages to be increased up to 160
mm and, moreover, a smoothness and precision are achieved in the mechanism, as we
have already said.
[0022] When the rollers are housed in the rabbets of the bar, the slider moves freely within
the box, the distance between the rollers being less than that existing between the
rabbets of the box.
[0023] The two horizontal rollers fix the closing and opening positions of the corresponding
point. The closing position is obtained with the bar in the withdrawn position and
the closing roller (the rear or outer one of the unit) being advanced with respect
to the rear rabbet of the bar and with the rear rabbet of the box. If the bar is made
to advance in order to carry out the change of points, the closing roller falls into
the rear rabbet of said bar and the opening roller is simultaneously forced to move
by the roller, dragging along the slider until the forward rabbet of the box is reached,
at which moment this opening roller is forced to leave the rabbet of the bar and become
housed in the forward rabbet of the box. When the bar advances even more, the locking
in the maximum separation of the point with respect to the counterpoint is achieved
and maintained.
[0024] This arrangement of rabbets and two rollers leads to a functioning that is very smooth
and secure in both positions.
[0025] The supports that are found at the forward end of the sliders and integral with them
force the point under pressure against the counterpoint in the closed position, which
is advantageously carried out by means of some plate springs fitted in the support
and which push on a yoke which in turn pushes on a tightening roller which makes direct
contact with the appendage which is integral with the point. This tightening roller
Is fitted horizontally and can be moved vertically by rolling on a vertical plaque
of the appendage, thereby solving the problems of expansion of the point, since the
support carrying the plate spring includes a coaxial annular piece freely rotating
in slider and with a radial arm which materializes the thrusting piece.
[0026] In order to avoid undesired vibrations when trains pass, the appendage integral with
the point includes a lower extension where a horizontal roller is fitted which is
able to be housed below a projection of the box, thus immobilizing the point in the
closed position.
[0027] Provision has also been made so that, in order to facilitate the elevation and descent
movements of the horizontal opening and closing rollers during the advance or withdrawal
movement of the bar, the rabbets of the latter are made to be wide, therefore having
a greater size than those of the box which are semicylindrical, In this way, the roller
guided by the slider can easily fall into the rear rabbet of the bar, and at the same
time the opening rabbet is more easily raised when the forward rabbet of the box is
reached in the advance of the bar in order to reach the open bolting position.
[0028] In order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention
and forming an integral part of this descriptive specification, some sheets of plans
are attached in which the figures the following has been represented on an illustrative
and non-limiting basis:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029]
Figure 1.- Is a longitudinal elevation view, transverse to the line, of the independent bolt
bodies joined together by means of the intermediate bar, which interact in the bolting
system for points changing in accordance with the invention, being coupled to the
respective tracks of the railway line.
Figure 2.- Is an elevation view of one of the two bolt bodies in the closed or contact position
of the point with respect to the fixed rail or counterpoint, and of the locking of
the mechanism.
Figures 3 to 5.- Are views similar to figure 2, of different intermediate positions from which the
points change starts.
Figure 6.- Is a view similar to figures 2 to 5, once the points change has taken place and the
position has been reached of locking the mechanism in open point.
Figure 7.- Is a partial view in perspective of that shown in figure 6.
Figure 8.- Is a partial view in perspective from the right side of figure 7.
Figure 9.- Is a partial view in perspective from a raised point of the same figure 7, but in
the points closed position, according to figure 2.
Figure 10.- Is a view similar to figure 1 of a bolting system for points changing according to
a second form of embodiment which includes some improvement in the bolt bodies.
Figura 11.- Is an enlarged view of one of the bolt bodies of figure 10, in the closed position
with locking, where the point is forced under pressure against the counterpoint.
Figure 12.- Is a view similar to figure 11, in an intermediate position after starting the opening
operation when the bar advances, in this second form of embodiment.
Figure 13.- Is a view similar to figure 12 in another more advanced phase of opening, in this
second form of embodiment.
Figure 14.- Is a view similar to figure 12 in the final position of opening with locking, in
this second form of embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED FORM OF EMBODIMENT
[0030] Making reference to the numbering adopted in the figures and especially in relation
to figure 1, we can see how the bolting system for points changing in railways and/or
movable point frogs, which the invention proposes, consists of two independent bolt
bodies referenced with 1 and 2, one for each point 3 or movable rail, each of them
being suspended from the shoe of the counterpoint 4 or fixed rail and joined together
by the intermediate bar 5 adjustable in length.
[0031] As these bodies comprise the same pieces and their functioning is identical though
conjugate, since when one opens the other closes and reciprocally, in what follows
and in figures 2 to 9 we will refer to just one of these bodies, specifically the
one on the right which is referenced with 1.
[0032] Each body 1 is suspended from the shoe 6 by means of a fastening achieved with clamps
7 and 8, which avoids the need to drill the rail 4. Nevertheless, other fastening
devices can also be used.
[0033] The clamps 7 and 8 are joined to the piece known as the box 9 by means of screws
or threaded studs 10 and locking nuts 11, passing through the holes made in them and
in the lugs 12 of the box 9.
[0034] The box 9 offers the hole 13 (figure 8) for passage of the slider 14 which runs transversely
to the fixed rail 4 and which offers a tubular configuration since the bar 15 passes
through its center.
[0035] The bar 15 of the bolt body 1 (the one on the right of figure 1) is connected to
the actuating mechanism of the points change, of the hydraulic, mechanical or similar
type, and its movement produces the opening or closing of the point according to conjugated
movements in both bolt bodies, since the bars 15 are those which are joined together
via the intermediate bar 5 (figure 1).
[0036] Fixed in the slider 14 is the support 16 which is integral above with the appendage
17 to which the point 3 is attached. When the slider 14 is linearly displaced the
point 3 does so at an angle in order to move closer to or further away from the counterpoint
4.
[0037] The transmission of this movement is done by means of the roller 18 arranged horizontally
and transversely in the interior space of the box 9 where it can be displaced vertically
in a transversal sheave of the slider 14, resting in turn on the bar 15.
[0038] The box 9 has two separated grooves 20 and 21 in its upper wall in which the roller
18 can be partially housed in the most elevated position of the latter, corresponding
to the locking of the point 3 in the closed position (figure 2) or open (figure 6).
[0039] The reference 22 designates the semicylindrical rabbet which the bar 15 presents
in its transversal arrangement, in which the roller 18 is able to be partially housed
so that it can thus be transported from one position to another dragging the slider
14 with it. When it is housed in said rabbet (figures 3 and 4), it remains tangential
to the upper wall of the box 9 and can displace the slider 14 when the bar 15 does
so.
[0040] With this arrangement the functioning is as follows:
Starting from the locking position of figure 2 where the roller 18 is secured in the
groove 20, it can be seen how it in turn rests in the bar 15 remaining thus until
the mechanism connected to the bar 15 is acted on In order to make the points change.
[0041] In these conditions, when the advance movement of the bar 15 towards the left of
figure 2 begins, the rabbet 22 reaches the point in which it faces the roller 18 and
this falls out of the groove 20 of the box 9 as seen in figure 3.
[0042] As the bar 15 continues to advance, the slider 14 does so simultaneously because
the roller is dragging it due to the fact that it at all times remains in the sheave
19 (as shown in figure 4).
[0043] An instant prior to the roller 18 occupying the position of figure 5, it reaches
the groove 21 of the box 9 and simultaneously reaches the point of making contact
with the box 9 and the buffer 23 secured to the right part of the slider 14 and the
movement of the latter is halted. This movement causes the roller 18 to rise up as
shown exactly in figure 5. As the bar 15 continues to advance the system becomes locked
because the position of figure 6 has been reached which prevents the roller 18 from
descending.
[0044] When the same thing occurs in the opposite direction for a new points change, the
movements are in reverse though it is the buffer 24 on the left of the slider 14 which
makes contact with the box 9 at the moment in which the roller 18 meets up with the
groove 20 of the box 9. In this case, it is the needle 3 which determines the maximum
travel by interacting with the counterpoint 4.
[0045] As can be seen more clearly in figures 7 and 9, the attachment of the support 1 with
the appendage is carried out by means of the pulley-wheel 25 arranged in the vertical
pin 26 inserted in said support 16. The pulley-wheel 25 moves in a slot 27 of the
appendage 17. The expansion due to temperature changes of the point 3 are corrected
owing to the fact that the drag is carried out with the pulley-wheel 25 which can
roll.
[0046] The appendage 17 is attached to the point 3 by means of the screw 28 passing through
a hole in the shoe of the point 3 (see for example figure 2).
[0047] The point 3 is seated and slides during its movements of the points change on a guide
29 since the mechanism Is located between two sleepers or in a hollow sleeper as we
have said earlier.
[0048] As can be seen in figure 2, when the point is closed or pressing against the fixed
rail or counterpoint 4, it does so under pressure by means of springs 30 belonging
to the regulating piece 31 for tightening of the point 3 with respect to the counterpoint
4. In this position (figure 2) the support 16 remains slightly separated from the
buffer 24 for regulating the thrust, while as can be seen in figures 3 to 6 when the
point 3 becomes separated from the counterpoint 4 the support 1 makes contact with
the buffer 24 by the action of these springs 30.
[0049] Making reference now to figures 10 to 14 and in particular with regard to figure
10, the improvements introduced into this second form of embodiment are located in
the structure which each one of the bolt bodies 32 and 33 presents, each one of them
being linked to the respective movable rail or point 34 and secured to the shoe 35
of the respective fixed rail or counterpoint 36. Both bolt bodies 32 and 33 are joined
to each other by the tie rod or intermediate bar 37 which is adjustable in length
and whose ends are attached via a cardan joint to the bars 38 which traverse them
axially. The free end of one of the bars 38 is connected to an external mechanism
for simultaneously carrying out the movement of the points 34, one moving them away
from the counterpoint 36 and the other moving them closer to it.
[0050] In figure 10 the point on the right, governed by the bolt body 32, is in the closed
position and that of the bolt body 33 is in the open position. As both bolt bodies
32 and 33 are the same, though mounted in a symmetrical position and therefore formed
by the same elements which function analogously and in such a way that when one opens
the other closes, here too we will look at the structure in detail for just one of
them: the right one which is referenced with 32.
[0051] In the first form of embodiment of figures 1 to 9, there existed this same arrangement,
as well as the general structure of the bolt bodies 32 and 33 where the box 39 intervenes
which is secured to the shoe 35, on one side with the clamps 40 and screws 41 and
on the other side with the projection 42 formed in it.
[0052] The box 39 is tubular and moving in its axial gap is the slider 43, also tubular
and sliding inside that is the bar 38 referred to above, connected to the actuating
mechanism for the points change.
[0053] Fixed in the slider 43 is the support 44 formed by an annular piece 45 coaxial and
enveloping the slider 43 and linked linearly to its end though with free rotation;
and a radial arm which materializes a thrusting piece 46 to which is connected an
appendage 47 integral with the point 34 (though these means of union have not been
represented due to being conventional). When the slider 43 moves linearly, the point
34 does so since it is integral with it, in order to move closer to or further away
from the counterpoint 36.
[0054] This movement was effected in the first form of embodiment with a single horizontal
roller 18 which moves between two fixed positions in which it is able to remain recessed.
[0055] In order to improve this functioning and make it smoother and more precise, in accordance
with this second form of embodiment, provision is made for the bar 38 to include two
wide rabbets 48 and 49 in which it is possible to house the respective rollers 50
and 51 which move vertically in separate transversal sheaves 52 and 53 of the slider
43. These rollers in turn interact with the semicylindrical rabbets 54 and 55 of the
box 39. Depending on the relative position of the rollers 50 and 51 with respect to
the wide rabbets 48 and 49 of the bar 38 and of the semicylindrical rabbets 54 and
55 of the box 39, the dragging of the slider 43 is or is not obtained when the bar
38 is slid, as we will see further below.
[0056] Figure 11 shows the position of the point 34 coupled to the counterpoint 36 and locked
or belted, corresponding to the initial or starting position as far as achieving the
change of points as shown in figure 14.
[0057] The bar 38, which is in an end position (towards the right) with respect to the fixed
position of the box 39, prevents the falling of the closing roller 50 since it is
retained due to resting on the cylindrical part of the former and therefore the slider
43 is mechanically joined to the box 39 and is thus kept in this locking or bolting
position because the thrusting piece 46 maintains the point 34 against the counterpoint
36. An elastic contact pressure is obtained due to the fact that the support 44 and
more specifically its thrusting piece 46 acts on some plate springs 56 which in turn
transmit the effort to a spring-holder 57 threaded to the yoke 58 which supports a
horizontal tightening roller 59 which is the element that presses directly on the
vertical plaque 60 of the appendage 47 integral with the point 34, and keeps it firmly
locked.
[0058] When the bar 38 is moved by about 30 mm to the left (position of figure 12) when
the points change is carried out, the closing roller 50 falls into the wide rabbet
48 of the bar 38 being released from the semicylindrical rabbet 54 of the box 39 and
the entire mechanism is unlocked.
[0059] In figure 13, the bar 38 continues advancing and it is the opening roller 51 which
drags the slider 43 since the closing roller 50 passes tangentially to the upper wall
of the box 39 and does not do any dragging at all. The point 34 continues to separate
from the counterpoint 36. The bar 38 continues to move until the opening roller 51
meets the sheave 55 which the box 39 has in its front zone, occupying it and permitting
the bar 38 to pass beneath (see figure 14). In this position, the point 34 becomes
locked again, this time in the open position.
[0060] The intermediate tie bar 37 which joins the two bolt bodies 32 and 33 transmits the
movement to the second body 33, with which the latter moves in a manner symmetric
to the first (when one opens the point 34, the other closes it).
[0061] The use of plate springs 56 in series, in order to press the point 34 against the
counterpoint 36, permits considerable tightening efforts to be achieved between these
elements with little travel.
[0062] The location of those plate springs 56 is more advantageous than that considered
in the first form of embodiment, where there existed springs 30 located at the height
of the slider 14 (figure 3) and the torque caused by the tightening between the point
3 and counterpoint 4 prevented the necessary displacement of the springs 30 for their
correct functioning. By locating them now at the height of the point 34, the torque
does not affect the plate springs 56.
[0063] In order to permit the free expansion of the point 34 (in the longitudinal direction
with respect to the track and perpendicular to the plane of the attached drawings)
the thruster 46 is a freely rotating piece with respect to the slider 43 since it
is linked to the freely rotating bushing 45. If the point 34 advances due to expansions,
it pulls on the appendage 47, this on the yoke 58 and the yoke 58 on the spring-holder
57.
[0064] The spring-holder 57, which is embedded in the thruster 47 with the anti-friction
bushing, longitudinally pulls on the thruster 46, forcing it to rotate. But the spring-holder
57 in turn rotates inside this anti-friction bushing, with which the tightening roller
59 is always in the horizontal position pressing on the plate 50 of the appendage
47, though it goes up and down rolling in it and therefore it maintains the tightening
between the point 34 and the counterpoint 36.
[0065] In the closed position of the point 34 (figure 11), it can furthermore be seen that
the lower part of the appendage 47 includes an elevation roller 61 which fits below
a lug 62 included in the box 39. With this, the oscillations of the point 34 produced
by the passing of trains are prevented.
[0066] It can also be stated that in accordance with the invention the tightening between
the point 34 and the counterpoint 36 is regulated by threading the yoke 58 to a greater
or lesser degree inside the spring-holder 57. In figure 11 the spring-holder 57 is
more introduced into the thruster 46 adopting a floating arrangement owing to the
elasticity of the plate springs 56, while in figure 14, since the point 34 is separated,
the spring-holder 57 is displaced towards the right by the elastic pressure of the
plate springs 56, until it meets up against the closing cover 63 threaded to the mouth
of the thruster 46.
1. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, which, characterized in that it comprises two independent bolt bodies (1, 2, 32, 33), one for each point or movable
rail (3, 34), linked by an intermediate bar (5, 37) of adjustable length and arranged
transversely to the line, said bolt bodies (1, 2, 32, 33) being simultaneously displaced
by a device having mechanical or hydraulic actuation, each bolt body (1, 2, 32, 33)
being suspended from the shoe (6, 35) of the counterpoint or fixed rail (4, 36) and
formed by a box (9, 39) provided with means of fastening to the shoe (6, 35) of the
counterpoint (4, 36); there existing a slider (14, 43) which slides within the box
(9, 39) and which at its end bears a support (16, 44) integral with it to which is
secured the point (3, 34); provision having been made for the displacement of the
sliders (14, 43) and therefore that of the points (3, 34) to be effected by means
of separate bars (15, 38) which axially traverses the sliders (14, 43) and with which
they are able to be axially locked; each slider (14, 43) adopting two fixed positions
with respect to the respective box (9, 39), corresponding to the ends of travel of
the angular movement of the point (3, 34).
2. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective bars (15, 38) of each bolt body (1, 2, 32, 33) are joined together
by said intermediate bar (5, 37) of adjustable length and one of them Is in turn joined
to the actuating device.
3. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 2, characterized in that each bar (15) is the carrier of a transversal rabbet (22) in which can be partially
housed a horizontal roller (18) located in a transversal sheave (19) of the slider
(14) and in this position the slider (14) slides within the box (9).
4. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 3, characterized in that the box (9) possess two grooves (20, 21) axially separated, in which the roller (18)
can be housed in order to respectively fix the limit positions of the locking of the
change of points (3) when a buffer element (23, 24) integral with the slider meets
up against one or the other end of the box (9), at which moment the roller (18) faces
one of the two grooves (20, 21) of the box (9) and is forced to rise In order to fit
into it as the advance or withdrawal of the bar (15) continues, without the slider
(14) doing so, the roller (18) in turn exiting from rabbet of the bar (15) and remaining
resting on it.
5. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (16) joining the slider (14) to the point (3) has an insertion hole for
the slider (14) and integral with the latter is an appendage (17) secured by means
of a screw (28) to the shoe of the point (3) and the appendage (17) being connected
in articulated fashion to said support (16) by means of a pulley-wheel (25) fixed
to a vertical pin (26).
6. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (16) inserted in the slider (14) has a small axial displacement assisted
by springs (30) which push it towards the buffer (23, 24) close to the fixed rail
or counterpoint (4) in order to keep the point (3) in contact with the counterpoint
(4) and said springs (30) being supported in a tightening unit (31) fixed in the end
zone of the slider (14).
7. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 2, characterized in that each bar (38) includes two rabbets (48, 49) wherein separate horizontal rollers (50.
51) which move in respective transversal sheaves (52, 53) of the slider (43) can be
partially housed, being able to move freely within the box (39) in this position.
8. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 7, characterized in that the box (39) is provided with two semicylindrical rabbets (54, 55) at a greater distance
between each other than those of the bar (38) in which they can be partially and respectively
housed, fixing the closing and opening positions of the corresponding point (34),
the closing position being determined in the withdrawn condition of the bar (38) due
to the closing roller (50) being advanced with respect to the rear wide rabbet (48)
of the bar (38) and within the rear semicylindrical rabbet (54) of the box (39); the
opening position being determined as the bar (38) initially advances and the closing
roller (50) housed in the rear cylindrical rabbet (54) of the box (39) falls into
its rear rabbet (48), and the opening roller (51) continuing in its wide rabbet (49)
of the bar (38) without reaching the forward semicylindrical rabbet (55) of the box
(39), until, having reached the latter, it is forced to overcome the rabbet (49) of
the bar (38) and be housed in the forward semicylindrical rabbet (55) of the box (39),
continuing thus until completing the opening travel of the bar (38) where the point
(34) reaches the locking in its maximum separation from the counterpoint (36).
9. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 7, characterized in that the supports (44) linked to the sliders (43) and which press the respective points
(34) against the counterpoints (36) in the closed condition, do so via some plate
springs (56) which push on a yoke (58) and this on a tightening roller (59) against
an appendage (47) integral with the point (34).
10. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 9, characterized in that the support (44) linked to each slider (43) is a freely rotating piece with respect
to the latter, due to including an annular piece (45) coaxial with a radial arm which
defines the thrusting piece (46) bearing the plate spring (56), the tightening roller
(59) being fitted horizontally in the yoke (58) and being able to be displaced vertically
by rolling on a vertical plaque (60) of the appendage (47).
11. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 10, characterized in that the appendage (47) integral with the respective point (34) includes a lower extension
with a horizontal roller (61) which is able to be housed beneath a projection (62)
of the box (39) eliminating the vertical oscillation of the point (34) in the closed
position.
12. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the tightening of the point (34) against the counterpoint (36) is adjustable due
to the yoke (58) being threaded in the spring-holder (57).
13. BOLTING SYSTEM FOR POINTS CHANGING IN RAILWAYS, according to claim 7, characterized in that the wide rabbets (48, 49) of each bar (38) are widened or of larger size than those
of the box (39) in order to freely permit the descent of the closing roller (50) as
the bar (38) advances until the same roller guided by the slider (43) exceeds the
rear semicylindrical rabbet (54) of the box (39); and the opening roller (51) is more
easily raised due to reaching the forward semicylindrical rabbet (55) of the box (39)
as the advance of the bar (38) continues.