Prefabricated structure for stairwells, lifts, goods lifts and similar, and assembly method of the prefabricated structure

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a prefabricated structure for stairwells, lifts, goods lifts and similar and an assembly method of said prefabricated structure.

[0002] The prefabricated structures of the known art, especially the structures for making stairwells and similar, foresee the production of panels of various types which are positioned along the perimeter of the well and, subsequently, the application of the stairs. The realisation of the stairs proves rather expensive and slow on account of the fact that scaffolding needs to be used and the available space is quite small. Such solutions are known FR-A-2844537 and DE 4444485 A1.

[0003] As a result, the state of the art solutions have a number of drawbacks in terms of production costs and times.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to resolve the drawbacks mentioned with reference to the known technique.

[0005] Such drawbacks and limitations are resolved by a prefabricated structure according to claim 1 and by an assembly method according to claim 13. according to the invention are described in the subsequent claims.

[0006] Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be more evident from the description below of its preferred embodiments, made by way of example and not limited to such, wherein

[0007] figure 1 shows a partial perspective view of a prefabricated structure according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0008] figure 2 shows a perspective view, in separate parts, of a detail in figure 1;

[0009] figure 3 shows a perspective view, partially in cross-section, of a detail in figure 1;

[0010] figure 4 shows a cross-section view of the detail in figure 2, in separate parts;

[0011] figure 5 shows a cross-section view of the detail in figure 3, in an assembled configuration.

[0012] The elements or parts of elements in common to the embodiments described will be indicated using the same reference numerals.

[0013] With reference to the aforesaid figures, reference numeral 4 globally denotes a prefabricated structure, preferably for stairwells, lifts, goods lifts and similar.

[0014] The structure 4 comprises at least one prefabricated panel 8 having an inner layer 12, which faces the inside of the structure 4 and an outer layer 16, opposite said inner layer 12.

[0015] Preferably, the prefabricated panel 8 is of the multilayer type and the inner and outer layers 12, 16 of the panel comprise concrete; in addition, preferably between them, there is an intermediate layer 20 comprising for example wood and/or material for heat and noise insulation.

[0016] The structure 4 comprises at least one step 24 joined to the inner layer 12 of said panel 8 at a first extremity 28 of the step 24.

[0017] Advantageously, an attachment interface 32 is positioned between the inner layer 12 of the panel 8 and the first extremity 28 of the step 24. Such attachment interface 32 being mechanically separate from the panel 8 and from the step 24 and comprising first means of attachment 36 of the interface 32 to the panel 8 and second means of attachment 40 of the interface 32 to the step 24, so as to permit the attachment of the step 24 to the panel 8 on site, during assembly of the structure 4.

[0018] Preferably, the first means of attachment 36 are detachable means of attachment which form a threaded coupling between the attachment interface 32 and the panel 8.

[0019] According to one embodiment the attachment interface 32 comprises at least one cavity 44 able to accommodate at least one of the first and second means of attachment 36, 40. Such cavity 44 is advantageously externally accessible following assembly of the step 24 to the panel 8 so as to enable on site tightening of the means of attachment 36, 40.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the attachment interface 32 is joined to the second means of attachment 40.

[0021] For example, the second means of attachment 40 comprises at least one pin 48 inserted in the step 24 at said first extremity 28 by means of a forced coupling.

[0022] According to one possible embodiment, the pin 48 is inserted in a seat 52 lodged in the first extremity 28 of the step 24 and is fixed to this by means of an interposed binder, such as a resin.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the first means of attachment 36 comprises at least one bar 56, partially embedded in the panel 8 and having an attachment extremity 60 able to be blocked to said attachment interface 32.

[0024] Preferably, the attachment interface 32 comprises at least one attachment hole 64 able to allow the passage of the attachment extremity 60.

[0025] For example, the attachment extremity 60 is threaded to allow attachment to the interface 32 by means of threaded connection devices; in addition the attachment hole 64 houses the threaded extremity 60 of the bar 56 and the first means of attachment 36 comprises at least one nut or bolt 68 which fixes the threaded extremity 60 of the bar 56 to the interface 32.

[0026] Preferably, the nut or bolt 68 is accessible from the outside of the attachment interface 32 for the attachment on site of the step 24.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the first means of attachment 36 is partially embedded in the inner layer 12 of the panel 8.

[0028] For example, the first means of attachment 36 comprises a portion bent into a 'U' 72 embedded in the panel 8 and fitted with two branches 76 having attachment extremities 60 which protrude from the inner layer 12 of the panel 8 and enter the attachment interface 32.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the first means of attachment 36 comprises at least one abutment plate 80 interposed between the inner layer 12 of the panel 8 and the attachment interface 32, the sheet being traversed by the attachment extremities 60 through respective apertures 84.

[0030] Preferably, the abutment plate 80 is embedded in the inner layer 12 of the panel 8.

[0031] According to one embodiment, between the abutment plate 80 and the attachment interface 32 there is a sound-absorbent and/or sound-insulation pad 86, so to insulate the panel 8 acoustically from the steps 24. For example the pad 86 is counter-shaped to the abutment plate 80 and receives the attachment interface 32 in abutment.

[0032] Preferably, at the point of the first extremity 28 of each step 24, pairs of interface attachments are fitted 32 alongside one another.

[0033] The attachment interfaces 32 preferably have a tubular structure which defines a cavity 44 open at the point of the upper 88 and lower extremities 92.

[0034] Preferably, each panel 8, comprises an abutment plate 80 counter-shaped to the associated steps 24, made in one piece and embedded in the inner layer 12 of the panel 8.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the structure 4 comprises at least one cover panel 96 positioned so as to cover the inner layer 12 of the panel 8. The cover panel 96 is for example in plasterboard; preferably the cover panel 96 is laid on and attached to spacers 100 so as to form a cavity 104 with the inner layer 12.

[0036] The cavity 104 is able to allow the passage of cables and installations of various types through the prefabricated structure 4.

[0037] The cover panel 96 is preferably positioned flush with the attachment interface 32 at the point of the second means of attachment 40, so as to completely conceal the attachment interface 32 of the step 24.

[0038] The prefabricated structure 4 according to the invention may comprise panels 8 counterpoised with each other between which the steps 24 are positioned. In other words the steps 24, at the point of a second extremity 108, opposite the first extremity 28, are fixed to a second panel 8 by means of a second attachment interface 32 fixed to the second panel 8 and to the second extremity by means of the first and second means of attachment 36,40 respectively.

[0039] The method of production and assembly of a prefabricated structure 4 according to the present invention will now be described.

[0040] In particular, the method comprises the phases of joining an attachment interface 32 to at least a first extremity 28 of a step 24, positioning the step 24 with the relative interface 32 alongside a panel 8 of a wall, at the point of a lower extremity of the panel 8, inserting the first means of attachment 36 in special attachment holes 64 of the interface 32.

[0041] The first means of attachment 36 is then tightened through the cavity 44 of the attachment interface 32, for example, by inserting a wrench from the side of the lower and/or upper extremity 88, 92 of the interface 32.

[0042] According to one embodiment the panel is preassembled on site so as to perform setting by casting of the first means of attachment 36 and of the abutment plates 80.

[0043] Preferably, the attachment interface 32 is preassembled by inserting the pins 48 in the relative seats; such insertion may be by press fit, that is by a forced coupling or with play. Should insertion be with play, the phase of pouring in a binding agent, preferably a resin, is foreseen, so as to cement the attachment interface 32 to the step 24.

[0044] The assembly method comprises the phase of attaching one step 24 at a time to the panels 8 starting from the lower step to the upper step, using the already assembled lower step as a support for the operator without any need for scaffolding.

[0045] After completing the assembly phase of the steps the method comprises the phase of joining the cover panel 96 to the prefabricated panels 8 so as to conceal the inner layer 12 and form a cavity 104 between the cover panel 96 and the inner layer 12 for the passage of cables and installations.

[0046] As may be appreciated from the description, the present invention makes it possible to overcome the drawbacks of the known technique.

[0047] Specifically, the building of the stairs proves fast and economical.

[0048] In fact assembly does not require any scaffolding to be put up since the steps can be assembled directly to the panel starting from the bottom and rapidly continuing upwards.

[0049] In addition, the operator can use the wall attachment systems to anchor himself by means of personal protective equipment. For example the operator may attach a harness to the means of attachment positioned on the panels.

[0050] The absence of scaffolding entails a considerable saving in time and money given that the available space in a stairwell is limited and therefore the erection of scaffolding is particularly expensive and complicated.

[0051] In addition, the use of a cover panel makes it possible to lay the various installations, such as the electrical wiring, without having to cut or break the inner layer of the panels in any way.

[0052] In fact the installations can be laid directly on the inner layer of the panels, without having to make any chases in the cement, and then everything is covered by a cover panel which also acts as further heat and noise insulation of the stair well.

[0053] In addition the stairwell structure can be advantageously insulated in terms of heat and noise thanks also to the use of multilayer panels in which the central layer, included between the inner and outer layer, forms a heat and/or noise shield.

Claims

1. Prefabricated structure (4) for stairwells, lifts, goods lifts and similar, comprising

- at least one prefabricated panel (8) having an inner layer (12), which faces the inside of the structure (4) and an outer layer (16), opposite said inner layer (12),

- at least one step (24) joined to the inner layer (12) of said panel (8) at a first extremity (28) of the step (24),

- wherein an attachment interface (32) is positioned between the inner layer (12) of the panel (8) and the first extremity (28) of the step (24), said attachment interface (32) being mechanically separate from the panel (8) and from the step (24) and comprising first means of attachment (36) of the interface (32) to the panel (8) and second means of attachment (40) of the interface (32) to the step (24), so as to permit the attachment of the step (24) to the panel (8) on site, during assembly of the structure (4),

wherein
said attachment interface (32) comprises at least one cavity (44) able to accommodate at least one of the first and second means of attachment (36,40) and is externally accessible following assembly of the step (24) to the panel (8) so as to enable on site tightening of the means of attachment (36,40),
the attachment interfaces (32) having a tubular structure characterized in that
the tubular structure of the attachment interface defines a cavity (44) open at the point of the upper (88) or lower extremities (92) to enable on site tightening of the first means of attachment (36,40).

2. Prefabricated structure (4) according to claim 1, wherein said first means of attachment (36) are detachable means of attachment which form a threaded coupling between the attachment interface (32) and the panel (8).

3. Prefabricated structure (4) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the attachment interface (32) is joined to the second means of attachment (40).

4. Prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the previous claims, wherein said second means of attachment (40) comprise at least one pin (48) inserted in the step (24) at said first extremity (28) by means of a forced coupling.

5. Prefabricated structure (4) according to claim 4, wherein said pin (48) is inserted in a seat (52) lodged in the first extremity (28) of the step (24) and is fixed to this by means of an interposed binder, such as a resin.

6. Prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the first means of attachment (36) comprise at least one bar (56), partially embedded in the panel (8) and having an attachment extremity (60) able to be blocked to said attachment interface (32) by means of threaded connection devices.

7. Prefabricated structure (4) according to claim 6, wherein the interface comprises at least one attachment hole (64) which accommodates the threaded attachment extremity (60) of the bar (56) and the first means of attachment (36) comprise at least one nut or bolt (68) which fixes the threaded attachment extremity (60) to the interface (32).

8. Prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the first means of attachment (36) comprise a portion bent into a 'U' (72) embedded in the panel (8) and fitted with two branches (76) having attachment extremities (60) which protrude from the inner layer (12) of the panel (8) and go into the attachment interface (32).

9. Prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the first means of attachment (36) comprise at least one abutment plate (80) interposed between the inner layer (12) of the panel (8) and the attachment interface (32) and crossed by the attachment extremities (60) through relative openings (84).

10. Prefabricated structure (4) according to claim 9, wherein a sound-absorbent and/or sound-insulation pad (86) is placed between the abutment plate (80) and the attachment interface (32), so to insulate the panel (8) acoustically from the steps (24).

11. Prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the previous claims, comprising at least one cover panel (96) positioned so as to cover the inner layer (12) of the panel (8), the cover panel (96) being laid on spacers (100) so as to form a cavity (104) with the inner layer (12).

12. Prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the previous claims, wherein said inner (12) and outer layers (16) of the panel (8) comprise concrete and between them there is an intermediate layer (20) comprising wood and/or material for thermal and acoustic insulation.

13. Method of assembly of a prefabricated structure (4) according to any of the claims from 1 to 12, comprising the phases of:

- joining an attachment interface (32) to at least a first extremity (28) of a step (24),

- positioning the step (24) with the relative interface (32) alongside a panel (8) of a wall, at the point of a lower extremity of the panel, inserting the first means of attachment (36) in special attachment holes (64) of the interface (32),

- tightening the first means of attachment (36) through the cavity (44) of the attachment interface (32).

14. Method of assembly according to claim 13, comprising the phase of attaching steps (24) to the panels (8) one at a time starting from the lower step to the upper step, using the already assembled lower step as a support for the operator without any need for scaffolding.

15. Method of assembly according to claim 13 or 14, comprising the phases of joining a cover panel (96) to the panels (8) so as to conceal the inner layer (12) and form a cavity (104) between the cover panel (96) and the inner layer (12) for the passage of cables and installations.

Ansprüche

1. Fertigbauelement für Treppenschächte, Aufzüge, Güteraufzüge und der-gleichen, aufweisend

- wenigstens eine Fertigplatte (8) mit einer inneren Lage (12), die dem In-neren des Bauelementes (4) zugewandt ist, sowie eine äußere Lage (16), die gegenüber der inneren Lage (12) angeordnet ist;

- wenigstens eine Stufe (24), die an ihrem ersten äußersten Ende (28) mit der inneren Lage (12) der genannten Platte (8) verbunden ist,

- wobei ein Befestigungszwischenstück (32) zwischen der inneren Lage (12) der Platte (8) und dem ersten äußersten Ende (28) der Stufe (24) angeordnet ist, - wobei das genannte Befestigungszwischenstück (32) von der Platte (8) und der Stufe (24) mechanisch getrennt ist und erste Befestigungsmittel (36) zur Befestigung des Zwischenstücks (32) an der Platte (8) sowie zweite Befestigungsmittel (40) zur Befestigung des Zwischenstücks (32) an der Stufe (24) aufweist, um die Befestigung der Stufe (24) an der Platte (8) an Ort und Stelle während der Montage des Bau-elementes zu ermöglichen,

wobei
das genannte Befestigungszwischenstück (32) wenigstens einen Hohlraum (44) aufweist, der wenigstens eines der ersten und zweiten Befesti-gungsmittel (36, 40) aufnehmen kann und nach der Anbringung der Stufe (24) an der Platte (8) von außen zugänglich ist, damit die Befestigungsmittel (36, 40) an Ort und Stelle angezogen werden können,
wobei das Befestigungszwischenstück (32) eine rohrförmige Struktur aufweisen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die rohrförmige Struktur des Befestigungszwischenstücks einen Hohlraum (44) definiert, der an den oberen (88) oder unteren (92) äußersten Enden offen ist, damit die ersten Befestigungsmittel (36, 40) an Ort und Stelle angezogen werden können.

2. Fertigbauelement (4) nach Anspruch 1,
wobei die genannten ersten Befestigungsmittel (36) lösbare Befesti-gungsmittel sind, die eine Gewindekupplung zwischen dem Befestigungs-zwischenstück (32) und der Platte (8) bilden.

3. Fertigbauelement (4) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
wobei das Befestigungszwischenstück (32) mit den zweiten Befesti-gungsmitteln (40) verbunden ist.

4. Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
wobei die genannten zweiten Befestigungsmittel (40) wenigstens einen Stift (48) aufweisen, der in die Stufe (24) an dem genannten ersten äußersten Ende (28) mittels einer Zwangskupplung eingesetzt wird.

5. Fertigbauelement (4) nach Anspruch 4,
wobei der genannte Stift (48) in einen Sitz (52) in dem ersten äußersten Ende (28) der Stufe (24) eingesetzt und dort mit einem Bindemittel, wie z.B. Harz, befestigt ist.

6. Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
wobei die ersten Befestigungsmittel (36) wenigstens eine, in die Platte (8) teilweise eingebettete Stange (56) und ein äußerstes Befestigungsende (60) aufweisen, das mit dem Befestigungszwischenstück (32) mittels Gewindeverbindungsvorrichtungen verbunden werden kann.

7. Fertigbauelement (4) nach Anspruch 6,
wobei das Zwischenstück wenigstens ein Befestigungsloch (64) aufweist, das das mit einem Gewinde versehene Befestigungsende der Stange (56) aufnimmt, wobei die ersten Befestigungsmittel (36) wenigstens eine Mutter oder einen Bolzen (68) aufweisen, die/der das mit einem Gewinde versehene Befestigungsende (60) mit dem Zwischenstück (32) verbindet.

8. Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
wobei das erste Verbindungsmittel (36) einen zu einem "U" verbogenen Abschnitt (72) aufweist, der in die Platte (8) eingebettet ist und mit zwei Armen (76) mit äußersten Befestigungsenden (60) versehen ist, die von der inneren Lage (12) der Platte (8) aus vorstehen und sich in das Befes-tigungszwischenstück (32) hinein erstrecken.

9. Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
wobei die ersten Befestigungsmittel (36) wenigstens eine Anschlagplatte (80) aufweisen, die zwischen der inneren Lage (12) der Platte (8) und dem Befestigungszwischenstück (32) angeordnet ist und von den äußersten durch die entsprechenden Öffnungen (84) sich erstreckenden Befes-tigungsenden (60) gekreuzt wird.

10. Fertigbauelement (4) nach Anspruch 9,
wobei ein schallabsorbierendes und/oder schalldämpfendes Polster (86) zwischen der Anschlagplatte (80) und dem Befestigungszwischenstück (32) angeordnet sind/ist, um die Platte (8) gegenüber den Stufen (24) akustisch zu isolieren.

11. Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit
wenigstens einer Abdeckplatte (96), die so angeordnet ist, daß sie die in-nere Lage (12) der Platte (8) abdeckt, wobei die Abdeckplatte (96) auf Abstandsstücken (100) angeordnet ist, so dass sie zusammen mit der inneren Lage (12) einen Hohlraum (104) bildet.

12. Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
wobei die innere Lage (12) und die äußeren Lagen (16) der Platte (8) Beton enthalten, und zwischen diesen befindet sich eine Zwischenlage (20), die Holz aufweist und/oder ein Material zur Wärmeisolation und zur akustischen Isolation.

13. Zusammenbauverfahren für ein Fertigbauelement (4) nach einem der An-sprüche 1 bis 13 mit den folgenden Verfahrensschritten:

- Verbinden eines Befestigungszwischenstücks (32) mit wenigstens einem ersten äußersten Ende (28) einer Stufe (24);

- Anordnen der Stufe (24) mit dem entsprechenden Zwischenstück (32) entlang einer Platte (8) der Wand an einem unteren äußersten Ende der Platte, wobei die ersten Befestigungsmittel (36) in besondere Befesti-gungslöcher (64) des Zwischenstücks (32) eingefügt werden;

- Anziehen der ersten Befestigungsmittel (36) durch den Hohlraum (44) des Befestigungszwischenstücks (32).

14. Zusammenbauverfahren nach Anspruch 13 mit einem Verfahrensschritt, bei dem die Stufen (24) nacheinander, angefangen mit der untersten Stufe bis zu der obersten Stufe, an den Platten (8) befestigt werden, wobei die bereits zusammengebaute untere Stufe als Stütze für den Monteur dient, ohne daß ein Gerüst erforderlich wäre.

15. Zusammenbauverfahren nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, mit den Verfahrens-schritten, bei denen eine Abdeckplatte (96) mit den Platten (8) so verbunden ist, dass die innere Lage (12) verdeckt wird und dass ein Hohlraum (104) zwischen der Abdeckplatte (96) und der inneren Lage (12) gebildet wird, um die Kabel und Installationen hindurchführen zu können.

Revendications

1. Structure préfabriquée (4) destinée à des cages d'escalier, à des ascenseurs, à des monte-charges et similaires, comprenant :

- au moins un panneau préfabriqué (8) qui présente une couche intérieure (12), qui fait face à l'intérieur de la structure (4) et une couche extérieure (16), opposée à ladite couche intérieure (12) ;

- au moins une marche (24) reliée à la couche intérieure (12) dudit panneau (8) au niveau d'une première extrémité (28) de la marche (24) ;

- dans laquelle une interface de fixation (32) est positionnée entre la couche intérieure (12) du panneau (8) et la première extrémité (28) de la marche (24), ladite interface de fixation (32) étant séparée de manière mécanique du panneau (8) et de la marche (24) et comprenant des premiers moyens de fixation (36) de l'interface (32) au panneau (8) et des seconds moyens de fixation (40) de l'interface (32) à la marche (24), de façon à permettre la fixation de la marche (24) au panneau (8) sur le site, au cours de l'assemblage de la structure (4) ;

dans laquelle :

ladite interface de fixation (32) comprend au moins une cavité (44) capable de recevoir au moins les uns de premiers et de seconds moyens de fixation (36, 40) et qui est accessible à partir de l'extérieur après l'assemblage de la marche (24) au panneau (8) de façon à permettre un serrage sur le site des moyens de fixation (36, 40) ;

les interfaces de fixation (32) présentant une structure tubulaire caractérisée en ce que :

la structure tubulaire de l'interface de fixation définit une cavité (44) ouverte à l'endroit des extrémités supérieures (88) ou inférieures (92) de façon à permettre un serrage sur le site des premiers moyens de fixation (36, 40).

2. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdits premiers moyens de fixation (36) sont des moyens de fixation pouvant être détachés qui forment un accouplement fileté entre l'interface de fixation (32) et le panneau (8).

3. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle l'interface de fixation (32) est reliée aux seconds moyens de fixation (40).

4. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle lesdits seconds moyens de fixation (40) comprennent au moins une broche (48) insérée dans la marche (24) au niveau de ladite première extrémité (28) au moyen d'un accouplement à force.

5. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle ladite broche (48) est insérée dans une assise (52) logée dans la première extrémité (28) de la marche (24) et est fixée à celle-ci au moyen d'un liant interposé, tel qu'une résine.

6. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les premiers moyens de fixation (36) comprennent au moins une barre (56), en partie incorporée dans le panneau (B) et présentant une extrémité de fixation (60) qui peut être bloquée avec ladite interface de fixation (32) à l'aide de dispositifs de connexion filetés.

7. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle l'interface comprend au moins un trou de fixation (64) qui reçoit l'extrémité de fixation filetée (60) de la barre (56) et les premiers moyens de fixation (36) comprennent au moins un écrou ou un boulon (68) qui fixe l'extrémité de fixation filetée (60) à l'interface (32).

8. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les premiers moyens de fixation (36) comprennent une partie pliée en forme de « U » (72) incorporée dans le panneau (8) et dotée de deux branches (76) qui présentent des extrémités de fixation (60) qui font saillie à partir de la couche intérieure (12) du panneau (8) et qui pénètrent dans l'interface de fixation (32).

9. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les premiers moyens de fixation (36) comprennent au moins une plaque de butée (80) interposée entre la couche intérieure (12) du panneau (8) et l'interface de fixation (32) et traversée par les extrémités de fixation (60) à travers des ouvertures relatives (84).

10. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle une garniture d'absorption acoustique et / ou d'isolation acoustique (86) est placée entre la plaque de butée (80) et l'interface de fixation (32), de façon à isoler de manière acoustique le panneau (8) des marches (24).

11. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant au moins un panneau de couverture (96) positionné de façon à couvrir la couche intérieure (12) du panneau (8), le panneau de couverture (96) étant posé sur des entretoises (100) de façon à former une cavité (104) avec la couche intérieure (12).

12. Structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle lesdites couches intérieure (12) et extérieure (16) du panneau (8) comprennent du béton, et entre lesquelles il y a une couche intermédiaire (20) qui comprend du bois et / ou un matériau d'isolation thermique et acoustique.

13. Procédé d'assemblage d'une structure préfabriquée (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, comprenant les étapes consistant à :

- relier une interface de fixation (32) à au moins une première extrémité (28) d'une marche (24) ;

- positionner la marche (24) avec l'interface relative (32) le long d'un panneau (8) d'un mur, à l'endroit d'une extrémité inférieure du panneau, en insérant les premiers moyens de fixation (36) dans des trous de fixation spéciaux (64) de l'interface (32) ;

- serrer les premiers moyens de fixation (36) à travers la cavité (44) de l'interface de fixation (32).

14. Procédé d'assemblage selon la revendication 13, comprenant l'étape consistant à fixer les marches (24) aux panneaux (8) une à la fois en commençant par la marche inférieure jusqu'à la marche supérieure, en utilisant la marche inférieure déjà assemblée en tant que support de l'opérateur sans qu'il soit nécessaire de disposer d'un quelconque échafaudage.

15. Procédé d'assemblage selon la revendication 13 ou la revendication 14, comprenant les étapes consistant à relier un panneau de couverture (96) aux panneaux (8) de façon à dissimuler la couche intérieure (12) et à former une cavité (104) entre le panneau de couverture (96) et la couche intérieure (12) pour le passage des câbles et des installations.

Drawing