FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to network management field, and more specifically,
to a polling method, a polling system, a network management workstation and a managed
device.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In network management, there is a need to constantly monitor the status and performance
of network devices. To achieve this end, generally, a polling technique is adopted.
Polling refers to that a network management workstation periodically sends a query
message to a managed device so that the network management workstation may periodically
receive a reply message from the managed device. For instance, the network management
workstation may periodically query for the number of Rx/Tx bytes of a network interface.
In this way, the network management workstation may learn about the variation in network
traffic in different time periods during a day. The sacrifice to make is that the
network management workstation has to send a large amount of query messages to each
managed device. When the number of devices monitored by network management workstation
increases, the number of query messages sent also increases rapidly, and this consumes
the resource and network bandwidth of the network management workstation.
[0003] Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) may be employed for conducting polling operation.
The network management workstation periodically sends a <get> or <get-config> query
request message to the managed devices. The message may include one or more variables
to be queried for. The managed device queries the value of each variable and returns
a query result in a <rpc-reply> message to the network management workstation. Both
of the query request message and the reply message contain an ID "message-id" for
matching a pair of request and reply.
[0004] The existing polling technique suffers from the following defects: each polling needs
to send a request message, and the contents of these request messages are repetitive,
which leads to a waste of the resource of the network management workstation and the
network bandwidth.
SUMMARY
[0005] To save the resource of the network management workstation and the network bandwidth,
a polling method, a polling system, a network management workstation and a managed
device are provided according to various embodiments of the present invention.
[0006] The technical solutions according to embodiments of the present invention are as
follows.
[0007] A polling method includes:
receiving, by a managed device, a request for acquiring data sent by a network management
workstation, where the request for acquiring data comprises a time parameter; and
collecting, by the managed device, data based on the time parameter after receiving
the request; and sending the data to the network management workstation.
[0008] A polling system includes:
a network management workstation, configured to send a request for acquiring data
to a managed device, where the request for acquiring data comprises a time parameter;
and
a managed device, configured to receive the request, collect data based on the time
parameter and send the data to the network management workstation.
[0009] A network management workstation includes:
a request sending module, configured to send a request for acquiring data to a managed
device, where the request for acquiring data comprises a time parameter; and
a result receiving module, configured to receive the data sent by the managed device.
[0010] A managed device includes:
a request receiving module, configured to receive a request for acquiring data sent
by a network management workstation, where the request for acquiring data comprises
a time parameter;
a timer module, configured to set a timer based on the time parameter within the request
and trigger a data collecting module regularly;
the data collecting module, configured to receive a trigger signal from the timer
module, collect data and send the data to a result sending module; and
the result sending module, configured to receive the data sent by the data collecting
module, and send the data to the network management workstation.
[0011] According to embodiments of the present invention, since a time parameter is added
in the query message, a plurality of periodic replies can be obtained by sending only
one request message. Thus, the number of request messages sent is reduced and the
resource of network management workstation and the network bandwidth are saved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a polling method according to a first embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a polling method according to a second embodiment of the
present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a polling method according to a third embodiment of the present
invention; and
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a polling system according to a fourth embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The purpose, technical solutions and advantages concerning the embodiments of the
present invention will become more readily appreciated by reference to the following
description of the embodiments, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
[0014] To reduce the number of requests sent and to save the resource of the network management
workstation and the network bandwidth, a polling method is provided according to an
embodiment of the present invention. The query request message of the network management
workstation is expanded to include a new time parameter for describing requirements
for data reply. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the method is described as follows.
[0015] Step 101: A time parameter is added in a NETCONF query request message and the NETCONF
query request message is sent to a managed device.
[0016] Since the NETCONF adopts XML coding, the NETCONF query request message and the reply
message have good extensibility. A skilled person may include a new parameter based
on the standard protocol to implement its unique management function.
[0017] The time parameter may include the time when sampling begins (sampling begin time),
the time when sampling ends (sampling end time) and the sampling interval.
[0018] The time parameters may convert with each other by simple formulas below. Therefore,
the present invention is not limited to the form described in this step. Different
combination of time parameters may be contemplated. For instance, the combination
of begin time, sampling period and sampling times. The conversion formula is as follows.

[0019] Some parameters may be optional. There is a special meaning in the absence of such
parameter. For instance, the absence of the parameter of sampling begin time indicates
that the polling starts immediately. The absence of the parameter of sampling end
time indicates that the polling would never end automatically unless it is terminated
manually.
[0020] In an embodiment of the present invention, a query of the performance data of interface
eth0 is given by way of example. The detailed query request may be expressed as follows.

[0021] In the above request, a time parameter is included in the NETCONF <get> operation.
The time parameter is used to describe the time requirement of data reply.
[0022] The request message indicates that a reply is sent every 60 seconds from 00:00, July
1, 2007 to 00:00 next day.
[0023] The time parameter can also apply to a <get-config> operation. That is, the query
message may be in the form of a <get-config> operation. The form, content and reply
of a <get-config> operation are similar to that of the <get> operation, which is omitted
herein for brevity.
[0024] Step 102: The managed device performs regular query based on the received query request
message and reports the reply message to the network management workstation.
[0025] In this step, after the managed device receives the request message, the managed
device sets the sampling begin time and the sampling end time of a timer based on
the query request message. The query is performed every sampling interval. And, the
managed device may report a query result to the network management workstation by
a <rpc-reply> and identify every reply. The <rpc-reply> replied by the managed device
is as follows.

[0026] In the <rpc-reply>, the message-id is still used to match the relation between a
query and a reply. In addition, a new attribute "sample-id" is included for identifying
a reply in the polling process.
[0027] According to the embodiments of the present invention, since a time parameter is
added in a query request message, a plurality of periodic replies can be obtained
by sending only one request message. Thus, the number of the query request messages
sent is reduced and the resource of network management workstation and the network
bandwidth are saved.
Embodiment 2
[0028] In this embodiment of the present invention, the network management workstation may
obtain the data of a managed device by way of an event notification subscription mechanism.
The network management workstation may first send a <create-subscription> request
message to the managed device. The request message describes which events the network
management workstation is interested in. This request message also specifies the condition
of event occurrence by virtue of a time parameter. The managed device notifies the
network management workstation of the data requested by the network management workstation
in the form of a <notification>, rather than the <rpc-reply> illustrated in the embodiment
1. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the method is described as follows.
[0029] Step 201: A <create-subscription> subscription request message is expanded to include
a time parameter for describing the conditions of event occurrence and is sent to
the managed device.
[0030] In the time parameter, the condition of an event occurrence includes the event begin
time, the time when the sending of the event notification is terminated and the interval
between two events occurrence. Variations in the time parameters are similar to the
embodiment 1, which is omitted herein for brevity.
[0031] A query for the performance data of the interface eth0 is given by way of example.
The <create-subscription> request message is as follows.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the <create-subscription> request message
requires to send a notification message relating to the performance data of the interface
eth0. The notification is sent every 60 seconds from 00:00, July 1, 2007 to 00:00
next day.
[0033] Step 202: The managed device collects data regularly based on the received request
message and generates an event notification <notification> and sends it to the network
management workstation.
[0034] In this step, after the managed device receives the request message, the managed
device sets a begin time and an end time of a timer based on the request message and
triggers sampling every sampling interval. And, the managed device may report the
sampling result to the network management workstation by the <notification>.
[0035] Preferably, the managed device may timely report the sampling result to the network
management workstation after sampling. In addition, the managed device may also report
the sampling result to the network management workstation in a predetermined time
period. The predetermined time period may be carried in the request message or may
be agreed in advance between the network management workstation and the managed device.
[0036] The form of the <notification> is as follows.

[0037] A skilled person may establish a subscription on each NETCONF session. Thus, different
sessions can be used to distinguish which subscription request message the received
event notification belongs to.
[0038] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention,
a <create-subscription> request message is expanded to include a time parameter in
the <create-subscription> request message, and the time parameter specifies the condition
of event occurrence. Therefore, the network management workstation may receive the
notification message periodically according to the time parameter.
Embodiment 3
[0039] A stream-based event notification subscription mechanism is provided according to
an embodiment of the present invention. The so-called stream is a group of related
event notifications. The content of the stream may be defined by users. The network
management workstation specifies in the <create-subscription> request message the
stream that the network management workstation is interested in. A skilled person
may define an event stream for a monitored variable. The definition of the event stream
includes a time parameter. A normal <create-subscription> operation (without any expansion)
is then employed to subscribe to this stream. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the method
is described as follows.
[0040] Step 301: A group of related event notifications are set up. In other words, a stream
is defined. The content of the stream is defined by users. Time parameters, i.e.,
event begin time, the time when the sending of the event notification is terminated
and the interval between two events, are included in the definition of the stream.
[0041] Step 302: The network management workstation specifies in the <create-subscription>
request message a stream that the network management workstation is interested in,
and sends the <create-subscription> request message including the stream to the managed
device where the <create-subscription> request message including the stream is not
expanded.
[0042] The format of the <create-subscription> request message is describes as follows.

[0043] Step 303: The managed device samples data based on the received request message and
the time parameter in the stream and notifies the network management workstation of
the result of sampling in the form of <notification>.
[0044] The <notification> replied by the managed device according to the request message
is identical to that in step 202 of the embodiment 2, which is omitted herein for
brevity.
[0045] According to the embodiments of the present invention, a time parameter is included
in the definition of the event stream and a normal <create-subscription> operation
(without any expansion) is employed to subscribe to this stream. The network management
workstation may receive the notification message periodically according to the time
parameter.
Embodiment 4
[0046] A polling system is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the system may include:
a network management workstation 41, configured to send a request for acquiring data
to a managed device 42, where the request for acquiring data includes a time parameter;
a managed device 42, configured to receive the request for acquiring data, collect
data according to the time parameter and send the data to the network management workstation
41.
[0047] The network management workstation 41 includes:
a request sending module 411, configured to send the request for acquiring data to
the managed device 42, where the request for acquiring data includes the time parameter;
a result receiving module 412, configured to receive the data sent by the managed
device 42;
[0048] The request sending module 411 may be the following modules depending on the type
of sent request for acquiring data:
a query request sending module, configured to send the request for acquiring data
to the managed device via a data query operation, where the request for acquiring
data includes a time parameter;
a subscription request sending module, configured to send the request for acquiring
data to the managed device via an event subscription operation, where the request
for acquiring data directly includes a time parameter;
an event stream subscription request sending module, configured to send the request
for acquiring data to the managed device via an event subscription operation, where
the request for acquiring data includes an identifier for the event stream and the
definition of the event stream includes a time parameter.
[0049] The managed device 42 includes:
a request receiving module 421, configured to receive the request for acquiring data
sent by the network management workstation 41, where the request for acquiring data
includes a time parameter;
a timer module 422, configured to set a timer based on the time parameter within the
request for acquiring data and trigger a data collecting module 423 regularly;
the data collecting module 423, configured to receive a trigger signal sent from the
timer module 422, collect data and send the collected data to a result sending module
424; and
the result sending module 424, configured to receive the data sent by the data collecting
module 423, and send the data to the network management workstation 41.
[0050] According to technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality
of periodic replies can be obtained by sending only one request message. Thus, the
number of request messages sent is reduced and the resource of network management
workstation and the network bandwidth are saved.
[0051] The foregoing are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which shall
not be construed as limitation to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalents,
improvements, etc., made within the principle of the present invention fall within
the scope of the present invention.
1. A polling method,
characterized by comprising:
receiving, by a managed device, a request for acquiring data sent by a network management
workstation, wherein the request for acquiring data comprises a time parameter;
collecting, by the managed device, data based on the time parameter after receiving
the request; and sending the data to the network management workstation.
2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that, the time parameter comprises one or more of: interval time, begin time and end time.
3. The method of claim 2,
characterized in that, sending the data to the network management workstation by the managed device based
on the time parameter comprises:
sampling, by the managed device, the data at intervals of the interval time since
the begin time and sending the collected data to the network management workstation
until the end time.
4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the request for acquiring data is a data query operation.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the request for acquiring data is an event subscription operation which directly
comprises the time parameter.
6. The method of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the request for acquiring data is an event subscription operation and the event
subscription operation comprises an identifier for an event stream, wherein the definition
of the event stream comprises the time parameter.
7. A polling system,
characterized by comprising:
a network management workstation, configured to send a request for acquiring data
to a managed device, wherein the request for acquiring data comprises a time parameter;
and
a managed device, configured to receive the request, collect data based on the time
parameter and send the data to the network management workstation.
8. The system of claim 7,
characterized in that, the network management workstation comprises:
a request sending module, configured to send the request for acquiring data to the
managed device, wherein the request for acquiring data comprises the time parameter;
and
a result receiving module, configured to receive the data sent by the managed device.
9. The system of claim 7,
characterized in that, the managed device comprises:
a request receiving module, configured to receive the request for acquiring data sent
by the network management workstation, wherein the request for acquiring data comprises
the time parameter;
a timer module, configured to set a timer based on the time parameter within the request
and trigger a data collecting module regularly;
the data collecting module, configured to receive a trigger signal from the timer
module, collect data and send the data to a result sending module; and
the result sending module, configured to receive the data sent by the data collecting
module, and send the data to the network management workstation.
10. A network management workstation,
characterized by comprising:
a request sending module, configured to send a request for acquiring data to a managed
device, wherein the request for acquiring data comprises a time parameter; and
a result receiving module, configured to receive the data sent by the managed device.
11. The network management workstation of claim 10, characterized in that, the request sending module is
a query request sending module, configured to send the request for acquiring data
to the managed device via a data query operation, wherein the request for acquiring
data comprises a time parameter.
12. The network management workstation of claim 10, characterized in that, the request sending module is
a subscription request sending module, configured to send the request for acquiring
data to the managed device via an event subscription operation, wherein the request
for acquiring data directly comprises a time parameter.
13. The network management workstation of claim 10, characterized in that, the request sending module is
an event stream subscription request sending module, configured to send the request
for acquiring data to a managed device via an event subscription operation, wherein
the request for acquiring data comprises an identifier for an event stream and the
definition of the event stream comprises a time parameter.
14. A managed device,
characterized by comprising:
a request receiving module, configured to receive a request for acquiring data sent
by a network management workstation, wherein the request for acquiring data comprises
a time parameter;
a timer module, configured to set a timer based on the time parameter within the request
and trigger a data collecting module regularly;
the data collecting module, configured to receive a trigger signal from the timer
module, collect data and send the data to a result sending module; and
the result sending module, configured to receive the data sent by the data collecting
module, and send the data to the network management workstation.