Method for extending a building, bearing element, modular structural unit and building with such a unit

Abstract

 The invention relates to a method for extending a building, a bearing element, a modular structural unit and a building with such a unit. The method for extending the habitable space of a building with vertical walls and a facade comprises the following steps, to be performed in suitable sequence, of:
a) providing a prefabricated modular structural unit (34) with two substantially vertical walls (48, 50) which are situated a distance from each other corresponding to a whole multiple of a pitch distance between vertical walls of the building and which each comprise a wall edge situated in a common boundary surface of the unit;
b) removing a facade part such that free wall edges result;
c) arranging bearing elements in the zone of the free wall edges for the purpose of bearing the unit;
d) arranging on the unit coupling elements which can be coupled to the bearing elements;
e) positioning the unit such that the wall edges of the unit are brought into the zone of the free wall edges of the building; and
f) coupling the coupling elements to the bearing elements.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for extending the habitable space of a building.

[0002] There is in practice a great need to extend available housing accommodation. There are for instance in the Netherlands about 600,000 apartments with shared entrance hall and gallery flats dating from the 1960s and 1970s, many of which have a small living area. In order to extend the habitable space of such dwellings, these dwellings are in practice demolished and replaced with new housing. This involves considerable cost. A further drawback is the long duration of such a project. Residents must be housed elsewhere for a very long time, this entailing costs and resulting in an unhappy situation for the residents. According to current building regulations it is moreover not possible to rebuild with the same housing density. Although it is thus possible to create more habitable space per dwelling unit, the overall number of dwellings is smaller.

[0003] An object of the invention is to obviate or reduce these problems and to provide an efficient and effective method for extending the habitable space of a building.

[0004] This object is achieved with the method for extending the habitable space of a building with vertical walls and an outside wall, the method comprising the following steps, to be performed in suitable sequence, of:

a) providing a prefabricated modular structural unit with two substantially vertical walls which are situated a distance from each other corresponding to a whole multiple of a pitch distance between vertical walls of the building and which each comprise a wall edge situated in a common boundary surface of the unit;

b) removing a facade part such that free wall edges result;

c) arranging bearing elements in the zone of the free wall edges for the purpose of bearing the unit;

d) arranging on the unit coupling elements which can be coupled to the bearing elements;

e) positioning the unit such that the wall edges of the unit are brought into the zone of the free wall edges of the building; and

f) coupling the coupling elements to the bearing elements.

[0005] The coupling elements which can be coupled to the bearing elements for instance comprise bolts and/or nuts.

[0006] The structural unit is for instance a room, a conservatory or a bridge walkway, such as an external walkway between two parts of a building.

[0007] A unit can for instance have a length of up to about 3 metres, i.e. after placing of the unit the front side of the building extends up to about 3 metres further than it did previously.

[0008] The structural unit is for instance a room with two substantially vertical walls and two substantially horizontal walls. The vertical walls form the side walls of the room and the horizontal walls form the floor and the ceiling of the room. The horizontal and vertical walls can form a continuous edge, the modular dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the building, i.e. the pitch distances between adjacent horizontal and vertical walls. Alternatively, the structural unit is a room with one horizontal wall, which for instance forms the floor. Such units can be placed on a building one above another so that the floor of the one unit forms the ceiling of the other.

[0009] The side of the prefabricated modular structural unit facing toward the building is preferably open. After installation of the unit an existing living area hereby continues into the added space of the extension unit.

[0010] The two substantially vertical walls of the structural unit are situated at a distance from each other corresponding to a whole multiple, including one, of a horizontal pitch distance between vertical walls of the building. This is for instance a pitch distance between adjacent vertical walls, so that after application of the method according to the invention the unit forms an extension of the space lying therebetween. It is for instance also possible to extend two or more adjacent spaces in one operation with a single structural unit. In this case the unit comprises substantially vertical walls situated at respectively two or more times the pitch distance from each other.

[0011] A prefabricated modular structural unit is for instance provided having two substantially horizontal walls which are situated at a distance from each other corresponding to a whole multiple, including one, of a vertical pitch distance between horizontal walls of the building. It is hereby possible in one operation to provide spaces on adjacent floors of the building with an extension in the form of the structural unit.

[0012] The walls on which the structural unit is arranged by means of the bearing elements are left clear by removing a facade part. All protruding parts are preferably removed. The cleared wall must be suitable for bearing the weight of the structural unit. The cleared wall is for instance a bearing wall. An advantage of fixing the structural construction to a bearing wall is the high load which such a wall can bear. This for instance in contrast to a typical floor, which may sag under such loads.

[0013] The method according to the invention prevents a building having to be demolished in order to enlarge the habitable space.

[0014] The modular character of the invention results in a high degree of architectural freedom. It is possible to provide the whole wall of a building with extension units or to extend a part of the building in this manner. It is further possible to place one or more structural units on multiple sides of a building.

[0015] It is also possible to provide a building with structural units only above the ground floor. This is for instance advantageous in the case a pavement runs closely along the building, and the facade on the ground floor will thus remain in the same position. The paving need not be modified in order to extend the building according to the method of the invention.

[0016] It is further possible to perform the method according to the invention wholly, or in any case almost wholly, from the outside of the building. This avoids inconvenience to the residents.

[0017] No additional foundation or other auxiliary construction is moreover necessary in order to extend the habitable space of a building according to the method. Costs are hereby saved and the building can be extended in a relatively short period of time.

[0018] The prefabricated modular structural unit is preferably provided with insulation. This has the additional advantage that, in addition to extending the habitable space, a better insulated space is also created. The insulated structural unit can enclose possible cold bridges in the building, thereby improving the insulation of the dwelling as a whole. This is particularly advantageous in the renovation of existing buildings, since these are often poorly insulated.

[0019] Finally, it is possible to give the building a completely new exterior by means of the structural unit. This is particularly relevant in the renovation of existing construction.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention step c) of the above stated method comprises the following steps of:

c1) arranging a recess in the respective wall;

c2) placing at least a part of the respective bearing element in the recess; and

c3) filling the recess with a curing mass.

[0021] The part of the bearing element which is placed in the recess preferably comprises a tensively strong anchoring protrusion.

[0022] The curing mass is for instance mortar, concrete or glue.

[0023] Placing at least a part of the bearing element in a recess arranged in the wall achieves that a robust and strong fixing of the bearing element to the wall is realized.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention step c) of the method further comprises of biasing an element which can be under strain of tension.

[0025] This is preferably combined with the above stated embodiment with the element which can be under strain of tension. This element is placed in a recess in the wall. The recess is then filled with a curing mass. Following curing, the element is biased.

[0026] Biasing the element which can be under strain of tension achieves that the forces exerted by the structural unit on the bearing element after placing are absorbed.

[0027] The element which can be under strain of tension preferably absorbs substantially horizontal forces. It is noted that biasing of the element which can be under strain of tension can optionally be carried out from the outside of the building. For this purpose the element is for instance glued to the inner side of the building and subsequently biased from the outer side.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the method further comprises the step of placing the unit suspended from the bearing element.

[0029] Owing to the suspended placing of the unit, no foundation or auxiliary structure placed on the ground is necessary.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment according to the invention step d) of the method comprises of arranging the

[0031] coupling elements on the vertical walls of the unit and step e) of hoisting the unit on a lifting coupling, wherein the lifting coupling is situated under the coupling elements during use such that play is created for coupling of the coupling elements to the bearing elements.

[0032] An extension module with vertical walls and a floor is for instance hoisted on hoisting eyes situated on the floor of the unit. The upper sides of the vertical walls hereby have some freedom of movement. This achieves that possible inaccuracies in the dimensioning of both the building and the structural element can be compensated.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention step c) of the method comprises the following successive steps of:

c4) arranging a mould between at least one of the bearing elements and the respective free wall edge for the purpose of adjusting the distance between the bearing element and the wall; and

c5) fixing the bearing element at the desired distance by arranging a curing mass in the mould.

[0034] The bearing element can in this way be placed further from the wall. This achieves that possible differences in relative dimensioning of the walls can be compensated.

[0035] The mould is preferably to some extent flexible, for instance in that it is manufactured from foam rubber.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention step f) of the method comprises the following successive steps of:

f1) arranging a guide on the bearing elements; and

f2) positioning the unit relative to the bearing elements by means of the guide.

[0037] The modular structural unit can be positioned in simple manner by means of the guide. The guide is preferably removed after placing of the structural unit.

[0038] The invention further relates to a bearing element for mounting a structural unit on a wall of a building, wherein the bearing element comprises a bearing body which can be mounted on the wall using a wall mounting, wherein the bearing body comprises coupling means for coupling the unit thereto and the wall mounting comprises at least one tensively strong anchoring protrusion.

[0039] The bearing element is preferably applied in a method as described above.

[0040] The bearing element has the same advantages and effects as the method described above.

[0041] The tensively strong anchoring protrusion for instance comprises an elongate anchoring, such as a rod or tensioning cord.

[0042] Because the bearing element comprises at least one tensively strong anchoring protrusion, the bearing element can absorb the moment of force of a structural unit mounted on the element.

[0043] The anchoring protrusion preferably has a length of at least 50 cm, preferably at least 100 cm and most preferably at least 150 cm. The tensively strong anchoring protrusion can preferably be loaded with a tensile stress of more than 40 kN, more preferably of more than 80 kN and most preferably more than 120 kN.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment the wall mounting comprises a bearing beam.

[0045] Where the tensively strong anchoring protrusion mainly absorbs the moment of force exerted by an extension unit, the bearing beam will mainly absorb the vertical forces that are exerted.

[0046] The bearing beam is preferably a steel I-profile.

[0047] In a further preferred embodiment according to the invention the wall mounting comprises a rotation-blocking mounting.

[0048] The rotation-blocking mounting can for instance comprise an anchor.

[0049] The rotation-blocking mounting blocks rotation of the bearing body, for instance rotation along the wall or away from the wall. A strong mounting of the bearing element is hereby realized.

[0050] Such a mounting moreover achieves that the bearing element can be adjusted, positioned and temporarily fixed for the purpose of pouring a curing mass such as mortar.

[0051] The wall mounting preferably comprises at least one tensively strong anchoring protrusion, a bearing beam and a rotation-blocking mounting. The tensively strong anchoring protrusion absorbs mainly the exerted moment of force, the bearing beam absorbs mainly the vertical forces and the rotation-blocking mounting prevents a rotation of the bearing element. A very strong and robust mounting of the bearing element on a wall of a building is hereby realized in which the stated elements co-act optimally.

[0052] In a further preferred embodiment the anchoring protrusion, the bearing beam and the rotation-blocking mounting are positioned such that in use the anchoring protrusion is situated higher relative to the gravitational force than the bearing beam, which is situated higher than the rotation-blocking mounting.

[0053] During use the following wall mountings are situated from top to bottom on the bearing element: the anchoring protrusion, the bearing beam and the rotation-blocking mounting. This positioning ensures a strong mounting of the bearing element on the wall.

[0054] In an embodiment according to the invention the coupling means comprise a supporting face for supporting the unit.

[0055] An extension module can be placed with a support surface on the supporting face. The force exerted by the weight of the extension unit is hereby transmitted to the bearing element.

[0056] The coupling means moreover preferably comprise a recess in the bearing body in which bolts coupled to a structural unit can be placed and coupled. Alternatively, the coupling means comprise bolts which can be coupled to recesses of an extension unit.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the coupling means comprise an adjusting means for adjusting the position of at least a part of the coupling means relative to the wall during use.

[0058] The presence of an adjusting means achieves that the suspension point of the extension unit can be adjusted. The adjusting means preferably comprises a height-adjusting means for adjusting the height position of at least a part of the coupling means relative to the wall during use. It is hereby possible to place an extension at a higher or lower position relative to the wall. Possible inaccuracies in the dimensioning of the wall or the structural unit can hereby be compensated.

[0059] The invention further relates to a modular structural unit for mounting on the wall of a building, wherein the modular structural unit is provided with coupling elements for coupling to a bearing element as described above.

[0060] Such a modular structural unit has the same advantages and effects as the method and the bearing element as described above.

[0061] A further advantage is that the modular structural unit can be prefabricated, thereby decreasing construction time at the building site. The unit is preferably provided with thermal and/or acoustic insulation and/or solar collectors and/or a heat pump. The unit is for instance manufactured from concrete. This imparts an acoustic insulation and a sufficient measure of fire resistance.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment according to the invention the modular structural unit comprises on a side facing toward the wall during use a support adjustable in a direction perpendicularly of the wall.

[0063] It is possible with the adjustable support to modify the position of the modular structural unit relative to the wall. The adjustable support is preferably provided on the underside of the modular structural unit. The adjustable support can be used to set the depth of the position of the structural unit. Possible inaccuracies in the dimensioning can hereby be

[0064] corrected.

[0065] Finally, the invention relates to a building with vertical walls and a facade to which at least one modular structural unit is added by making use of the method as described above.

[0066] Such a building has the same advantages and effects as stated above for the method, the bearing element and the modular structural unit.

[0067] Further advantages, features and details of the invention are elucidated on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments thereof, wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings.

• Figure 1 shows a wall of a building, wherein a part of the facade has been removed;
• Figure 2 shows a part of a building from which a number of protruding elements have been removed and on which bearing elements have been placed;
• Figure 3 shows the placing of a modular structural unit on a building;
• Figure 4 shows the coupling of the modular unit to the bearing element which is mounted on the building;
• Figure 5a shows in detail an adjustable support of the structural unit;
• Figure 5b shows a cross-section of the adjustable support of figure 5a;
• Figure 6 shows a building to which a number of structural units have been added by making use of the method according to the invention;
• Figure 7 shows a bearing element according to the invention;
• Figure 8 shows a partial cross-section of the bearing element according to figure 7;
• Figure 9 shows an exploded view of a bearing element according to the invention;
• Figure 10 shows a partial cross-section of a bearing element according to the invention provided with a height-adjusting means according to a first embodiment system;
• Figure 11 shows an exploded view of a bearing element according to the invention provided with a height-adjusting means according to a second embodiment;
• Figure 12 shows a part of a bearing element with height-adjusting means according to a third embodiment;
• Figure 13 shows a perspective view of the bearing element of figure 12;
• Figure 14 shows a bearing element, guides and a part of a structural unit, and illustrates the coupling of the unit to the bearing element;
• Figure 15 shows a part of a structural unit which is coupled to a bearing element;
• Figure 16 shows a bearing element and guides, and illustrates the coupling of the guides to the bearing element;
• Figure 17 shows the bearing element of figure 16 to which the guides are coupled.

[0068] A wall 2 (figure 1) of a building comprises an inner cavity wall 4 and an outer cavity wall 6 and a bearing wall 8. A part of the facade has been removed, thus forming recess 10. Bearing wall 8 is only partially shown.

[0069] Building 18 (figure 2) comprises floors 20, 22, 24. Railing 26, balcony floor 28 and supports 30 have been removed on floor 20. Some of these elements have been removed on floor 22 and the elements are still present on floor 24. After the protruding parts have been removed, thereby exposing bearing walls 31, bearing elements 32 are placed.

[0070] The other parts of the facade of building 18 are subsequently also removed (figure 3) . The open rooms of building 18 are closed to dust by dust screens (not shown).

[0071] Modular structural units 34 are then placed on building 18 by means of bearing elements 32. The figure shows a number of units 36 which have already been placed and an element 34 which is being hoisted for placing in front of the exposed living area 38 of building 18. Used for hoisting purposes is hoisting frame 40, which is connected to a crane by cables 42. Hosting frame 40 is also connected to unit 34 by means of cables 44 which are fastened to hoisting eyes 46 on the floor of unit 34. Structural unit 34 comprises three vertical walls, and therefore two living area parts. After mounting of two bearing walls 31 on bearing elements 32, two exposed living spaces 38 are hereby provided with an extension. Alternatively, the middle vertical wall of the unit is also mounted on a bearing element. Because unit 34 is hoisted on hoisting eyes 46 on the floor of unit 34, the upper part of walls 48, 49, 50 have some play for coupling to bearing elements 32.

[0072] Structural unit 34 is coupled to bearing element 32 by means of bolt 52 and support surface 53. Support surface 53 is positioned on supporting face 54 of bearing element 32. Unit 34 is then further fixed to bearing element 32 by means of bolts 52. Depth-adjusting block 56 is situated on floor 55 of unit 34.

[0073] Depth-adjusting means 56 can be adjusted by means of a spanner 60. Protrusion 66 is set to the correct depth by means of rotating adjusting bolt 62, 64 (figures 5a, 5b).

[0074] Once various extension units have been placed on building 18 (figure 6), they are provided with exterior panels 68 which ensure extra insulation and a finished exterior.

[0075] Bearing element 70 (figure 7) comprises a bearing body 72 to which a long anchor 74 is fixed by means of nut 76 and ring 78. Bearing beam 80 is further arranged on bearing body 72 and short anchor 82 which is fixed by means of nut 84 and ring 85. Bearing body 72 is provided on the upper side with recesses 86, 88 which are suitable for receiving bolts 90, 92 of an extension to be coupled. In addition, a supporting face 106 is present on the upper side of bearing body 72.

[0076] It is also possible to arrange one recess or more than two recesses in a bearing element according to the invention.

[0077] Bearing element 70 is mounted on wall 108 on wall edge 110 (figure 8). Long anchor 74 is arranged in wall 108 and brought under tension. The recess in wall 108, in which long anchor 74 is arranged, is filled with mortar. Bearing beam 80 is also arranged in wall 108, and the recess is here also filled with mortar 112. Transverse forces are absorbed effectively with bearing beam 80. Finally, short anchor 82 is arranged in wall 108 on the underside of bearing element 70, and here too mortar is applied.

[0078] Internally bearing body 70 comprises support walls 114, 116 at the position of long anchor 74 and bearing beam 80. For coupling to a structural unit, bearing body 70 comprises recess 88 and supporting face 106.

[0079] Wall 120 (figure 9) comprises an edge 122 in which a long anchor 124 and a short anchor 126 are arranged. A recess 128 is moreover drilled out of wall 120. A mould 130 is placed around anchors 124, 126 and recess 128. Bearing body 132 can be arranged herein, wherein bearing beam 134 of bearing element 132 fits into recess 128, long anchor 124 passes through recess 136 of bearing element 132 and short anchor 126 passes through recess 138. The position of bearing element 132 relative to wall edge 122 can be adjusted by pouring mortar into mould 130. Ring 140 is subsequently placed over short anchor 126 and nut 147 is tightened. Cover plate 142 is then placed and the small plate 146 and nut 148 are placed over long anchor 124, wherein nut 148 is tightened. In a first embodiment the height of the coupling means of bearing element 150 can be adjusted by means of adjusting screw 152. In this figure the long anchor passes through recess 158 and 156 and the short anchor through recess 160.

[0080] In a second embodiment (figure 11) upper part 164 of bearing element 162, which comprises supporting face 176 and recesses 178, 180, can be adjusted in the height in that it rests with a surface 166 on upper side 168 of wedge 170. Wedge 170 comprises a recess 172 through which an anchoring protrusion can be placed. The anchoring protrusion here also passes through recess 174 of upper part 164 of bearing element 162.

[0081] In a third embodiment bearing element 180 (figure 12) can be adjusted in that an upper part 182 is adjustable in the height by rotating bolt 184, which is connected to the wedge 186 resting on surface 188. Anchoring protrusion 190, which is used to fix bearing element 180 to a wall, is situated under surface 188. Anchoring protrusion 190 also passes through recess 192 of an outer plate of bearing element 180 (figure 13). Recess 192 provides for some horizontal adjustment space. Upper part 182 of bearing element 180 comprises a first supporting face 196 and a second supporting face 198 which are separated by a bridge 194. In this embodiment a mould 200 is also arranged between the wall and the bearing element.

[0082] Bearing element 202 (figure 14) is provided with guides 204, 206. On the upper side guide 204 comprises inclining surfaces 208 and guide 206 inclining surfaces 210. The coupling to structural units 212 can hereby be performed in simple manner. Structural units 212 comprise bolts 214 which have to be inserted into recesses 216, 218. The whole must moreover rest on supporting face 220. Guides 204, 206 make it possible to position extension modules 212 in accurate and simple manner.

[0083] After positioning of extension units 212 (figure 15) guides 204, 206 are removed and the whole rests on supporting face 220 with a boundary surface 220 of each structural unit. Mounting of modular structural units 212 is completed by tightening bolt 214.

[0084] Bearing element 300 (figures 16, 17) can be provided with guides 302, 304. On the upper side the guides 302, 304 comprise inclining surfaces 306, 308. Guides 302, 304 comprise hooks 310, 312 which can be hooked as according to arrows A, B into recesses 314, 316 on the sides of bearing element 300. Guides 302, 304 comprise surfaces 318, 320 against which a modular structural unit can lie. After placing of a structural unit the guides 302, 304 are removed.

[0085] Figure 16 moreover shows an alternative method of height adjustment, i.e. by means of adjusting screw 322. Upper part 324 of bearing element 300 comprises an opening 326 through which the tensioning cord passes (comparable to opening 174 in figure 11) . Since opening 326 fits loosely round the cord, the height adjustment is not impeded, or hardly so.

[0086] The invention is by no means limited to the above described preferred embodiments thereof. The rights sought are defined by the following claims, within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.

Claims

1. Method for extending the habitable space of a building (18) with vertical walls (31) and a facade, the method comprising the following steps, to be performed in suitable sequence, of:

a) providing a prefabricated modular structural unit (34) with two substantially vertical walls (48, 50) which are situated a distance from each other corresponding to a whole multiple of a pitch distance between vertical walls of the building and which each comprise a wall edge situated in a common boundary surface of the unit;

b) removing a facade part such that free wall edges result;

c) arranging bearing elements (32) in the zone of the free wall edges for the purpose of bearing the unit;

d) arranging on the unit coupling elements (53, 54) which can be coupled to the bearing elements;

e) positioning the unit such that the wall edges of the unit are brought into the zone of the free wall edges of the building; and

f) coupling the coupling elements to the bearing elements.

2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein step c) comprises the following steps of:

c1) arranging a recess (12, 14, 16) in the respective wall;

c2) placing at least a part of the respective bearing element in the recess; and

c3) filling the recess with a curing mass.

3. Method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein step c) further comprises of biasing an element which can be under strain of tension.

4. Method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising the step of placing the unit suspended from the bearing elements.

5. Method as claimed in at least one of the claims 1-4, wherein

- step d) comprises arranging the coupling elements on the vertical walls of the unit, and

- step e) comprises hoisting the unit on a lifting coupling (46), wherein the lifting coupling is situated under the coupling elements during use such that play is created for coupling of the coupling elements to the bearing elements.

6. Method as claimed in at least one of the claims 1-5, wherein step c) comprises the following successive steps of:

c4) arranging a mould (130) between at least one of the bearing elements and the respective free wall edge for the purpose of adjusting the distance between the bearing element and the wall; and

c5) fixing the bearing element at the desired distance by arranging a curing mass in the mould.

7. Method as claimed in at least one of the claims 1-6, wherein step f) comprises the following successive steps of:

f1) arranging a guide (204, 206) on the bearing elements; and

f2) positioning the unit relative to the bearing elements by means of the guide.

8. Bearing element (70) for mounting a structural unit (34) on a wall (31) of a building (18) which comprises a bearing body (72) which can be mounted on the wall using a wall mounting (74, 80, 82), wherein the bearing body comprises coupling means (86, 88, 106) for coupling the unit thereto, and the wall mounting comprises at least one tensively strong anchoring protrusion (74) .

9. Bearing element as claimed in claim 8, wherein the wall mounting comprises a bearing beam (80).

10. Bearing element as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the wall mounting comprises a rotation-blocking mounting (82).

11. Bearing element as claimed in claim 10, to the extent dependent on claims 8 and 9, wherein the anchoring protrusion, the bearing beam and the rotation-blocking mounting are positioned on the bearing body such that in use the anchoring protrusion is situated higher relative to the gravitational force than the bearing beam, which is situated higher than the rotation-blocking mounting.

12. Bearing element as claimed in at least one of the claims 8-11, wherein the coupling means comprise a supporting face (106) for supporting the unit.

13. Bearing element as claimed in at least one of the claims 8-12, wherein the coupling means comprise an adjusting means (152, 170, 186) for adjusting the position of at least a part of the coupling means relative to the wall during use.

14. Modular structural unit (34) for mounting on a wall of a building, which is provided with coupling elements (214, 222) for coupling to a bearing element as claimed in at least one of the claims 8-13.

15. Modular structural unit as claimed in claim 14, comprising on a side facing toward the wall during use a support (56) adjustable in a direction perpendicularly of the wall.

16. Building (18) with vertical walls (31) and a facade to which at least one modular structural unit (34) is added by making use of the method as claimed in at least one of the claims 1-7.

Drawing