[0001] The present invention relates to an aluminium sub-construction system which enables
to install cladding materials such as ceramic, aluminum, wood, clay, glass, composite,
etc. onto building and the related materials to be carried by building under loads
such as gravity, wind, etc.
Background of the Invention
[0002] In the state of the art; for installation of cladding materials in form of plate
such as clay, ceramic, stone, etc. to building, there are sub-construction systems
wherein two-channel aluminum fixing profile is fixed to vertical main load bearing
profiles by being screwed and cladding material or frame profile assembled with cladding
material is located on upper channel of this profile, whereas upper section of the
same cladding material or frame profile assembled with cladding material is fitted
to lower channel of a second fixing profile in the same geometry, then second fixing
profile is screwed to the main load bearing profile as well.
[0003] In another application in the state of the art; for installation process of cladding
material such as clay, ceramic, stone, etc. to building, there are sub-construction
systems wherein steel connection parts, on which there are 4 protrusions outwards
locally, are fixed to main load bearing profiles by being screwed; cladding material
is placed to lower grooves of these said connection parts and then a second steel
connection part is fixed to the load bearing profile by being screwed such that it
will clutch upper section of cladding material into channels therein. (e.g.: Eurofox
MTC-v-100)
[0004] Disadvantages of both types of applications are that: the connection parts need to
be fixed by being screwed both at the bottom and on the top; and the installed part
cannot only be detached if required; water, dust, and air leakage behind the cladding
material from gap between the cladding materials cannot be prevented; the cladding
material must be resistant to stress and deformations that will occur under its own
weight.
[0005] In another application in the state of the art; for installation of cladding material
such as clay, ceramic, stone, etc. to building, there are sub-construction systems
wherein horizontal load-bearing profiles are fixed to main load bearing profiles by
being screwed; local aluminium profiles comprising connection springs on thereof are
attached to the horizontal load-bearing profiles; and at first upper section with
special geometric cross-section of cladding material is placed to lower channels of
the local aluminium profile; and then lower section with special geometric cross-section
of cladding material is fixed to the local aluminium profile by means of special elastic
springs. (e.g.:
US 2008/0010922)
[0006] Disadvantages of these types of applications are that: the connection parts need
to be fixed by being screwed; lower and upper sections of the cladding material must
be produced with special geometric cross-section; production in these geometries is
not possible for some of material types such as ceramic, glass, composite, etc.; water,
dust, and air leakage behind the cladding material from gap between the cladding materials
cannot be prevented.
[0007] In another application in the state of the art; for installation of cladding material
such as clay, ceramic, stone, etc. to building, horizontal load-bearing profiles are
fixed to main load bearing profiles by being screwed or riveted continuously. Cladding
material in form of plate and locally applied hooks are assembled using suitable anchorage
and screwing method. Cladding material in form of plate on the horizontal load-bearing
profile is moved towards the main load-bearing profile by means of local hooks then
the hooks are used to fix the cladding material to the horizontal load-bearing profiles
by moving it downwards. (e.g.: Eurofox MLVk-v-20)
[0008] Disadvantages of these types of applications are that: the cladding material requires
suitable anchorage and screw connection; it needs horizontal load-bearing profiles
in both lower line and upper line of plate in order that transport process is carried
out over the hooks; the cladding material must be resistant to stress and deformations
that will occur under its own weight; water, dust and air leakage behind the cladding
material from the gaps between the cladding materials cannot be prevented.
[0009] In another application in the state of the art; for installation of cladding material
such as clay, ceramic, stone, etc. to building, the cladding material in form of plate
is adhered to main load bearing profile directly. (e.g.: Eurofox MTK-v-100)
[0010] In addition to the abovementioned disadvantages, disadvantages of these types of
applications are that: the cladding material cannot be detached if required; difficulty
of error correction in misapplications; increases of stress occur that may lead to
fractures on the cladding material under movements of the building.
[0011] In another application in the state of the art; for installation of cladding material
such as clay, ceramic, stone, etc. to building, local connection parts with two-channel
are placed to vertical channels on main load bearing profile by being laid and then
they are fixed to the main load bearing profile by being screwed or riveted. Cladding
material in form of plate is placed to lower grooves of the said local connection
parts and then a second connection part is attached to the channels in the load bearing
profile such that it will clutch the upper section of the cladding material into the
channels therein and it is fixed by being screwed when it is moved onto the cladding
material. (e.g.: Faveton Ceram SAH) Disadvantages of these types of applications are
that: the connection parts need to be fixed by being screwed both at the bottom and
on the top; and the installed part cannot only be detached if required; water, dust
and air leakage behind the cladding material from the gaps between the cladding materials
cannot be prevented; the cladding material must be resistant to stress and deformations
that will occur under its own weight; the cladding material requires different geometric
cross-sections in the upper and lower horizons thereof.
Objective of the Invention
[0012] The objective of the present invention is to enable cladding materials (7), which
are produced from materials such as ceramic, wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite,
etc., to be installed to the load-bearing system of a building using main load-bearing
aluminum profiles (1) with special geometric shape, anchorages (5) which enable connection
of main load-bearing profiles to the load-bearing system of a building, frame profiles
(2) which forms module by being assembled with cladding materials (7), mechanical
support profiles (4) which carry dead loads of modules and prevent their axial movement,
fixing profile (3) and fixing plastic (6) which enable assembling of modules (15)
to the main load-bearing profiles (1) without using connection part such as screw,
rivet, etc., gaskets (8,9) which provide water, dust, air tightness in horizontal
and vertical joints; and to be carried by the building under loads such as gravity,
wind, etc.
[0013] Another objective of the invention is to form modules (15) by assembling of cladding
materials (7), which are produced from materials such as ceramic, wood, aluminum,
clay, glass, composite, etc., with adhesives (11) of silicone, polyurethane, tape
etc. chemically or with connection parts (13) such as screw, rivet, etc. mechanically.
[0014] Another objective of the invention is to enable the modules (15) to be carried by
the main load-bearing profile (1) under loads such as wind, impact, etc. by assembling
the modules (15), which are composed from assembly of the cladding materials (7) produced
from materials such as ceramic, wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite, etc., with
frame profiles (2), to the main load-bearing profile (1) using fixing profiles (3)
and fixing plastics (6) without using connection part (13) such as screw, rivet, etc.
[0015] Another objective of the invention is to adjust the position of the fixing set easily
after assembling of the fixing set by sliding to the modules (15), in which cladding
material (7) made from materials such as ceramic, wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite,
etc. and frame profiles (2) are assembled.
[0016] Another objective of the invention is to provide that the mechanical support profiles
(4) with special geometric shapes will prevent the axial movement and carry dead loads
of the modules (15), in which cladding material (7) made from materials such as ceramic,
wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite, etc. and frame profiles (2) are assembled.
[0017] Another objective of the invention is to use gaskets (9) which provide water, dust,
air tightness in horizontal joints of the modules (15) assembled to the main load-bearing
profiles (1).
[0018] Another objective of the invention is to be able to detach and then attach the desired
module (15) by using disassembly tool (10) with special geometric shape, if required,
after installation of the modules (15) to the main load-bearing profile (1) by using
fixing profiles (3) and fixing plastics (6).
Figures Illustrating the Invention
[0019] The present invention should be evaluated in conjunction with the figures which are
described below, in order that it's configuration and advantages with the additional
members are understood best.
Figure 1 is the sectional view of Building Load-Bearing System - Anchorage
Figure 2 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Anchorage
Figure 3 is the sectional and isometric view of Fixing profile - Fixing Plastic
Figure 4 is the sectional view of Frame Profile - Cladding Material
Figure 5 is the isometric view of Frame Profile - Cladding Material
Figure 6 is the sectional view of Module - Horizontal Joint Gasket
Figure 7 is the isometric view of Module - Horizontal Joint Gasket
Figure 8 is the sectional and isometric view of Module - Fixing set before Installation
Figure 9 is the sectional and isometric view of Module - Fixing set after Installation
Figure 10 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Mechanical support
profile before Installation
Figure 11 is the isometric view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Mechanical support
profile before Installation
Figure 12 is the isometric view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Mechanical support
profile after Installation
Figure 13 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Module before Installation
Figure 14 is the isometric view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Module before Installation
Figure 15 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Module after Installation
Figure 16 is the isometric view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Module after Installation
Figure 17 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Vertical Joint Gasket
before Installation
Figure 18 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Vertical Joint Gasket
after Installation
Figure 19 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Disassembly Tool before
Installation
Figure 20 is the isometric view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Disassembly Tool before
Installation
Figure 21 is the sectional view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Disassembly Tool after
Installation
Figure 22 is the isometric view of Main Load-Bearing Profile - Disassembly Tool after
Installation
Part numbers
[0020]
- 1.
- Main Load-Bearing Profile
- 1.1
- Tab
- 1.2
- Groove for Gasket
- 1.3
- Groove
- 2.
- Frame Profile
- 2.1
- Knurled Surface
- 2.2
- Protrusion
- 2.3
- Assembling groove
- 2.4
- Channel
- 3.
- Fixing Profile
- 3.1
- Groove
- 4.
- Mechanical support profile
- 4.1
- Fin
- 4.2
- Groove for Screw
- 5.
- Anchorage
- 5.1
- Horizontal Sliding Slot
- 6.
- Fixing Plastic
- 6.1
- Knurl
- 6.2
- Locking claw
- 6.3
- Stopping arm
- 7.
- Cladding Material (Ceramic, wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite, etc.)
- 8.
- Vertical Joint Gasket
- 9.
- Horizontal Joint Gasket
- 10.
- Disassembly Tool
- 10.1
- Cylindrical Protrusion
- 10.2
- Eccentric Protrusion
- 11.
- Adhesive (Silicon, tape, polyurethane, etc.)
- 12.
- Anchor ( Chemical or Mechanical )
- 13.
- Connection Part (Screw, rivet, etc.)
- 14.
- Fixing Set
- 15.
- Module
- 16.
- Building Load-Bearing System
Detailed Description of the Invention
[0021] In this detailed description; sub-construction system which enables cladding materials
produced from materials such as ceramic, wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite, etc.
to be installed to building load-bearing system and carried by building under loads
such as gravity, wind, etc., in general the preferred embodiments of the system, are
described only for better understanding of the subject and in such a manner that it
won't produce any limiting effect.
[0022] The inventive sub-construction system which enables cladding materials (7) produced
from materials such as ceramic, wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite, etc. to be
installed to building load-bearing system (16) and to be carried by building under
loads such as gravity, wind, etc. generally consists of: main aluminum load-bearing
profiles (1) with special geometric shape which are produced in extrusion presses
in accordance with groove of the accessory and installation; anchorages (5) which
enable to install the main load-bearing profiles to the load-bearing system of building
; frame profiles (2) which forms modules (15) by being assembled with cladding materials
(7), Mechanical support profiles (4) which carry dead loads of modules and axial loads
due to the wind loads; fixing profile (3) and fixing plastics (6) with special geometric
shape, which are assembled to the main load-bearing profiles (1) without using connection
parts such as screw, rivet, etc.; fixing profile (3) and fixing plastics (6) which
enable the modules (15) to be carried by main load bearing profiles (1) under loads
such as wind, impact, etc.; and gaskets (9, 8) which provide water, dust and air tightness
in horizontal and vertical joints.
[0023] The main load-bearing profiles are fixed to the building load-bearing system (16)
using anchorages (5) at certain intervals. Number of anchorages (5) to be used is
determined depending on the building load-bearing system (16), height of the main
load-bearing profile (1), weight of the modules (15) and building height. Anchorages
(5) are installed to the building load-bearing system (16) by using chemical or mechanical
anchors (12).
[0024] The anchorages (5) can be moved axially by means of its horizontal sliding slots
(5.1), without changing the position of the assembly hole, if required, after installation
of the anchorages to the building load-bearing system (16).
[0025] After completing the installation of the anchorages (5) to the building load-bearing
system (16), the main load-bearing profiles (1) are installed to the anchorages (5)
by using connection part (13) such as bolt, rivet, etc.
[0026] After adhesives (11) of silicone, tape etc. type are applied to the knurled surface
(2.1) with special geometric shape on the frame profiles (2); frame profile and inner
surface of cladding materials (7), which are produced from materials such as ceramic,
wood, aluminum, clay, glass, composite, etc., are assembled. Cladding materials (7)
are adhered to the frame profiles by being guided and dead loads of the cladding materials
are carried by means of protrusion (2.2) with special geometric shape on the frame
profiles (2).
[0027] After the modules (15) are formed, gaskets (9) which provide water, dust, air tightness
are assembled to channels (assembling groove) (2.3) with special geometric shapes
in the frame profiles (2).
[0028] Mechanical support profiles (4), which carry dead loads of the modules, are fixed
to the main load-bearing profiles (1) by using two fixing screws. The modules between
the two main load-bearing profiles are placed on fins (4.1) with special geometric
shape of the mechanical support profile. The fins (4.1) with special geometric shape
of the mechanical support profile (4) enable the dead loads of the modules to be carried
by the main load-bearing profile (1). By means of the groove for screw (4.2) with
special geometric shape owned by the mechanical support profile (4), it is provided
to place the modules by being guided and the axial displacements to be prevented.
During fixing of the mechanical support profiles (4), 10 mm joint space which will
be formed between the modules (15) is adjusted. This joint space allows extensions
that will occur in the modules (15) because of thermal expansions.
[0029] Fixing Plastics (6) are assembled to the inner groove with special geometric shape
(3.1) of the fixing profiles (3) without using connection part (13) such as screw,
rivet, etc. The Fixing Plastics (6) are placed to the fixing profile (3) groove by
being pushed. Knurls (6.1) in the Fixing Plastic (6) are placed to the groove (3.1)
with special geometric shape in the fixing profile (3) with the effect of pushing
force. The fixing set (14) formed by the fixing profile (3) and the Fixing Plastic
(6) is driven to the channels (2.4) with special geometric shapes in the frame profiles
(2) which are used to form the modules (15). The position of the fixing set in the
frame profiles (14) is adjusted by means of stopping arm (6.3) of fixing plastic (6).
Fixing sets (14) are released for each module by sliding in channel of the horizontal
frame profiles (2.4) at 5-20 cm left or right distance from mechanical support profile
(4). Fixing sets (14) are positioned in any point by means of stopping arm (6.3) of
the fixing plastic (6) where it is released and it will not move by itself. Bottom
of the modules are located onto the mechanical support profile (4) then the modules
are fixed to the main load-bearing profiles (1) by means of the fixing set (14). Fixing
process is carried out by sliding the fixing set (14) in the module and by clamping
the locking claw of the fixing plastic to the main load-bearing profile (1), without
using connection part such as screw, rivet, etc. After assembly of the modules (15)
is completed, vertical gasket (8) is installed to groove (1.2) with special geometric
shape in the main load-bearing profile (1) in order to close vertical joints occurring
between the modules (15) and provide water, dust, air tightness.
[0030] After installation, any module can be disassembled in a very short period of time
by using disassembly tool (10) with special geometric shape, when requested. For disassembly
process, vertical gaskets (8) in the joints of the main load-bearing profile (1) are
detached. End of the disassembly tool (10) is placed to the groove (1.2) with special
geometric shape whereto the vertical gaskets (8) on the main load-bearing profile
(1) are attached. Protrusion (10.2) with a special geometric shape in the end of the
disassembly tool (10), will force axially the fixing profile (3) and fixing plastic
(6) when disassembly tool is rotated after positioning the disassembly tool in the
axe of the fixing profile (3) and fixing plastic (6), which assemble the modules (15)
to the main load bearing profiles (1). With the effect of this force, locking claw
of the fixing profile (3) and the Fixing Plastic (6) is enabled to be detached by
getting free from the tab (1.1) of the main load-bearing profile (1). This process
is applied to all fixing sets that assemble the module (15) to the main load-bearing
profile (1). After disassembling of all fixing sets (14) that assemble the module
to the main load-bearing profile (1), the disassembling of the modules have been completed
and it can be taken out.
1. The present invention is a sub-construction system which enables cladding materials
(7) such as ceramic, aluminum, wood, clay, glass, composite, etc. to be installed
onto building; the related cladding materials to be carried on the building under
loads such as gravity, wind, earthquake, etc.; consists of mechanical support (4)
carrying the modules against gravity load, with special geometric cross-section, frame
profiles (2) assembled with cladding materials in order to form module, and connection
parts and plastics assembling the modules to the main load-bearing profiles by sliding
over/through these frame profiles without using connection part such as screw, rivet,
etc.
2. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that fixing set (14) is placed to the special geometric shaped channels (2.4) on frame
profiles (2) whereto cladding materials (7) such as ceramic, aluminum, wood, clay,
glass, composite, etc. are assembled chemically or mechanically.
3. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that fixing set (14) is placed to frame profiles (2) whereto cladding materials (7) such
as ceramic, aluminum, wood, clay, glass, composite, etc. are assembled chemically
or mechanically; and the fixing set (14) is prevented from sliding itself by means
of stopping arm (6.3) of fixing plastic (6) after stopping the sliding movement.
4. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the frame profiles (2), which assembled with cladding materials (7) such as ceramic,
aluminum, wood, clay, glass, composite, etc. mechanically or chemically, comprise
the assembling groove (2.3) for gasket (9) which prevent water, air and dust leakage.
5. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that frame profiles (2) and cladding materials (7), such as ceramic, aluminum, wood, clay,
glass, composite, etc., are assembled together mechanically or chemically by guiding
with protrusion (2.2) with a special geometric shape of the frame profile (2).
6. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that fixing profile (3) and fixing plastic (6) are assembled by pushing them toward each
other by means of knurl (6.1, 3.1) with a special geometric shape on the fixing profile
(3) and fixing plastic (6), without using fixing part such as screw, rivet, etc.
7. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises fixing profile (3) and fixing plastic (6) with special geometric shape
which enable cladding materials (7) such as ceramic, aluminum, wood, clay, glass,
composite, etc. on thereof to be installed to main load-bearing profiles (1) together
with frame profiles (2) by being slid on or inside the frame profiles, without using
connection part such as screw, rivet, etc.
8. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that fixing plastic (6) is clamped to tab (1.1) on the main load-bearing profile (1) by
means of locking claw (6.2) with special geometric cross-section of fixing plastic
(6).
9. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that movements perpendicular to the laying direction of fixing set (14), which is installed
to the frame profiles (2) assembled with cladding materials (7) such as ceramic, aluminum,
wood, clay, glass, composite, etc., are blocked by means of the said channel of frame
profile (2.4).
10. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the mechanical support profile (4), which have a fins with a special
geometric shape in order to carry the dead load of the modules installed to the main
load bearing profile (1), and which have the special groove for screwing in order
to prevent the movement of the modules and/or itself by guiding the screw on site,
and also prevent the axial movement of the module depending on the wind load.
11. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a groove (1.2) with special geometric shape, which enables to make a
strength assembly by reducing the friction forces during the fixation of the screw
on the assembling of the main load-bearing profile (1) and mechanical support profile
(4).
12. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises groove for gasket (1.2) with special geometric shape, which enables
to assemble the gasket (8) for dust, water and air tightness on the vertical joint,
after completing the installation of the modules (15) to the main load bearing profiles
(1).
13. Sub-construction system according to Claim 1, characterized in that any modules (15) installed to the main load bearing profiles (1) can be disassembled
by using disassembly tool (10) with a special geometric shape, in where the fixing
set clamping the modules to main load bearing profiles are disassembled.