AIR CONDITIONER AND METHOD FOR INSTALLING THE AIR CONDITIONER

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an air conditioner which is separated into an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, and a method for installing the air conditioner.

[Background Technique]

[0002] A conventional separation type air conditioner which is separated into an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, a refrigerant is previously charged into the outdoor unit before the air conditioner is installed. According to a general method for installing the air conditioner, the indoor unit and the outdoor unit are connected to each other through a connection pipe, and after air in the indoor unit and the connection pipe is evacuated, the refrigerant in the outdoor unit is released to the indoor unit.

[0003] To eliminate the evacuation operation itself, a technique for charging adsorbent into a refrigeration cycle is proposed (patent document 1 for example).

[0004] After destruction of the ozone layer caused by CFC becomes a problem, HCFC is used as an alternate refrigerant, and HFC (R410A) is widely used nowadays, but global warming potential (GWP) of the R410A refrigerant is as high as 2088 and there is a problem from the standpoint of prevention of global warming.

[0005] From the standpoint of prevention of global warming, tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf) of GWP4 is proposed for example.

[0006] Patent Document 2 discloses an air conditioner as defined in the preamble of appended claim 1.

[0007] Patent Document 3 discloses an air condition system comprising an outdoor unit side control device.

[Prior Art Documents]

[Patent Documents]

[0008] 

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No.H7-159004

[Patent Document 2] US Patent No. 5,813,240

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2005-195249

[Summary of the Invention]

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention]

[0009] According to the general conventional method for installing the air conditioner, the evacuation is not carried out sufficiently or the evacuation is not carried out and a refrigerant in the outdoor unit is released to the indoor unit in some cases.

[0010] If it is assumed that the technique of patent document 1 is applied to all of installation styles, a long connection pipe is required depending on installation styles in some cases . In such a case, a large capacity of adsorbent is required, and the air conditioner is increased in size.

[0011] If a hydrofluoroolefin-based refrigerant such as HFO1234yf which has double bond and insufficient chemical stability is used when a refrigerant having small global warming potential is utilized from the standpoint of protection of environment, there is a problem that the refrigerant is decomposed due to influence of water and oxygen, material having hydrofluoric acid as a primary ingredient is generated, material to be used and refrigeration oil are degraded, and when worst comes to the worst, the air conditioner breaks down.

[0012] Hence, it is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner and a method for installing the air conditioner which are suitable for a refrigerant having insufficient chemical stability such as hydrofluoroolefin.

[Mode for Carrying out the Invention]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

[0013] The present invention is directed to an air conditioner as defined in appended claim 1 and a method as defined in the independent claim 7 for installing the air conditioner of claim 1. In the air conditioner of the present invention, the refrigerant charge port is provided on the connection valve connected to the gas-side connection pipe and the pressure detector is provided on the pipe between the liquid-side valve and the liquid-side connection valve, or on the pipe between the liquid-side connection valve and the indoor heat exchanger, or on the liquid-side connection pipe between the liquid-side connection valve and the indoor heat exchanger, or on the pipe between the indoor heat exchanger and the gas-side valve, or on the gas-side connection pipe between the indoor heat exchanger and the gas-side valve.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the control unit stops operation of a vacuum pump which is connected to the refrigerant charge port.

[0015] According to the present invention, the air conditioner further comprises output means which informs that the pressure detector detects the predetermined degree of vacuum.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment, a single refrigerant of hydrofluoroolefin or a mixture refrigerant having hydrofluoroolefin as a base ingredient is used as the refrigerant.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment, tetrafluoropropene is used as the hydrofluoroolefin, and tetrafluoropropene, difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane are binary mixed or ternary mixed such that global warming potential becomes 5 or more and 750 or less, preferably 300 or less.

[0018] According to the present invention, the method comprises a first step of checking that the pressure detector detects the predetermined degree of vacuum, and a second step of closing the refrigerant charge port after the first step.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve are opened after the first step.

[Effect of the Invention]

[0020] According to the present invention, when the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected to each other at the time of installation and evacuation is carried out from a refrigerant charge port, since a degree of vacuum can be checked by the pressure detector, the evacuation operation can reliably be carried out and therefore, performance at the time of operation can be secured.

[Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0021] Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of Symbols]

[0022] 

10

outdoor unit

11

compressor

12

outdoor heat exchanger

13

expansion valve

14

outdoor liquid-side connection valve

15

outdoor gas-side connection valve

16

liquid-side valve

17

gas-side valve

18

pressure detector

20

indoor unit

21

indoor heat exchanger

31

pipe

32

pipe

33

liquid-side connection pipe

34

gas-side connection pipe

40

control unit

[Mode for Carrying Out the Invention]

[0023] According to the present invention, the air conditioner includes a refrigerant charge port provided in a connection valve connected to the liquid-side connection pipe or the gas-side connection pipe, a liquid-side valve provided on the pipe between the liquid-side connection pipe and the expansion valve, a gas-side valve provided on the pipe between the gas-side connection pipe and the compressor, and a pressure detector provided on the pipe from the liquid-side valve to the indoor heat exchanger or the pipe from the indoor heat exchanger to the gas-side valve, and wherein in a state where the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are not connected to each other, the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve are closed, and a refrigerant is previously charged into the pipe closed by the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve. Accordingly, when the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected to each other at the time of installation and evacuation is carried out from a refrigerant charge port, since a degree of vacuum can be checked by the pressure detector, the evacuation operation can reliably be carried out and therefore, performance at the time of operation can be secured.

[0024] The air conditioner further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit closes the refrigerant charge port when the pressure detector detects a predetermined degree of vacuum. Accordingly, it is possible to enhance the efficiency of the evacuation operability and to carry out the reliable evacuation.

[0025] Further, when the pressure detector detects the predetermined degree of vacuum, the control unit opens the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve. Accordingly, since the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve are opened by detection from the pressure detector, operation mistake can be eliminated and the installation operation can be carried out in an optimal vacuum state.

[0026] In the air conditioner according to the present invention, the refrigerant charge port is provided on the connection valve connected to the liquid-side connection pipe or to the gas-side connection pipe and the pressure detector is provided on the pipe between the liquid-side valve and the liquid-side connection valve, or on the pipe between the liquid-side connection valve and the indoor heat exchanger, or on the liquid-side connection pipe between the liquid-side connection valve and the indoor heat exchanger, or on the pipe between the indoor heat exchanger and the gas-side valve, or on the gas-side connection pipe between the indoor heat exchanger and the gas-side valve.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit stops operation of a vacuum pump which is connected to the refrigerant charge port. Accordingly, it is possible to further enhance the operability and to eliminate the operation mistake.

[0028] The air conditioner further comprises output means which informs that the pressure detector detects the predetermined degree of vacuum. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably inform an operator of a predetermined degree of vacuum. Therefore, if an optimal degree of vacuum differs depending upon a refrigerant to be charged, it is possible to enhance the operability and to sufficiently exert the performance of the air conditioner by setting a degree of vacuum in accordance with the charged refrigerant.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, a single refrigerant of hydrofluoroolefin or a mixture refrigerant having hydrofluoroolefin as a base ingredient is used as the refrigerant. Accordingly, since the optimal evacuation is reliably carried out, it is possible to use a refrigerant which is cleaved and decomposed due to influence of water and oxygen and which easily generates material having hydrofluoric acid as a primary ingredient.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, tetrafluoropropene is used as the hydrofluoroolefin, and tetrafluoropropene, difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane are binary mixed or ternary mixed such that global warming potential becomes 5 or more and 750 or less, preferably 300 or less. Accordingly, if a refrigerant having small global warming potential is used, even if a refrigerant which is not recovered is released to the atmosphere, it is possible to suppress an influence with respect to global warming to a minimum level.

[0031] According to the present invention, the method comprises a first step of checking that the pressure detector detects the predetermined degree of vacuum, and a second step of closing the refrigerant charge port after the first step. Accordingly, after a degree of vacuum is checked by the pressure detector, the evacuation operation from the refrigerant charge port is completed. Therefore, it is possible to carry out reliable evacuation.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve are opened after the first step. Accordingly, after a degree of vacuum is checked by the pressure detector, the liquid-side valve and the gas-side valve are opened. Therefore, it is possible to carry out the reliable installation operation.

[Embodiment]

[0033] An embodiment of an air conditioner of the present invention will be described below. Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the air conditioner according to the embodiment.

[0034] According to the air conditioner of the embodiment, a compressor 11 which compresses a refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger 12 which exchanges heat between the refrigerant and heat of outside air, an expansion valve 13 which decompresses the refrigerant, and an indoor heat exchanger 21 which exchanges heat between the refrigerant and heat of air in a room are connected to one another through a pipe 30, thereby configuring a ring-shaped refrigerant circuit.

[0035] An outdoor unit 10 includes the compressor 11, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the expansion valve 13. The compressor 11, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the expansion valve 13 are connected to one another through a pipe 31. An indoor unit 20 includes the indoor heat exchanger 21, and the indoor heat exchanger 21 is connected through a pipe 32. The pipe 31 of the outdoor unit 10 and the pipe 32 of the indoor unit 20 are connected to each other through a liquid-side connection pipe 33 and a gas-side connection pipe 34, thereby configuring the refrigerant circuit. An outdoor liquid-side connection valve 14 and an outdoor gas-side connection valve 15 are provided in the outdoor unit 10. An indoor liquid-side connection valve 22 and an indoor gas-side connection valve 23 are provided in the indoor unit 20. One end of the liquid-side connection pipe 33 is connected to the outdoor liquid-side connection valve 14, and the other end of the liquid-side connection pipe 33 is connected to the indoor liquid-side connection valve 22. One end of the gas-side connection pipe 34 is connected to the outdoor gas-side connection valve 15, and the other end of the gas-side connection pipe 34 is connected to the indoor gas-side connection valve 23. The outdoor gas-side connection valve 15 is provided with a refrigerant charge port, and a vacuum pump 50 is connected to the refrigerant charge port.

[0036] According to the present invention, a refrigerant charge port is provided in a connection valve 14 connected to the liquid-side connection pipe 33 or in a connection valve 15 connected to the gas-side connection pipe 34.

[0037] A liquid-side valve 16 is provided on the pipe 31 between the expansion valve 13 and the outdoor liquid-side connection valve 14, and a gas-side valve 17 is provided on the pipe 31 between the outdoor gas-side connection valve 15 and the compressor 11. A pressure detector 18 is provided on the pipe 31 between the liquid-side valve 16 and the outdoor liquid-side connection valve 14. The pressure detector 18 may be provided on the pipe 32 or the liquid-side connection pipe 33 between the outdoor liquid-side connection valve 14 and the indoor heat exchanger 21. The pressure detector 18 may be provided on the pipe 32 between the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the gas-side valve 17, or on the gas-side connection pipe 34 or on the pipe 31.

[0038] The air conditioner of the present invention includes a control unit 40 which inputs a detection signal of the pressure detector 18. The control unit 40 includes degree of vacuum setting means 41 capable of previously setting a predetermined degree of vacuum, comparison means 42 which compares, with each other, a detection value of the pressure detector 18 and a value set by the degree of vacuum setting means 41, output means 43 which informs that a degree of vacuum becomes equal to the predetermined degree of vacuum by the comparison means 42, valve-opening means 44 which opens the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17 when the pressure detector 18 detects the predetermined degree of vacuum, port-closing means 45 which closes the refrigerant charge port of the outdoor gas-side connection valve 15 when the pressure detector 18 detects the predetermined degree of vacuum, and pump-stopping means 46 which stops action of the vacuum pump 50 when the pressure detector 18 detects the predetermined degree of vacuum.

[0039] A refrigerant having global warming potential smaller than that of a R410A refrigerant is charged into the refrigerant circuit which configures the air conditioner of the embodiment. As this refrigerant, there are a single refrigerant of hydrofluoroolefin and a mixture refrigerant having hydrofluoroolefin as a base ingredient. As a suitable mixture refrigerant, tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf) is used as hydrofluoroolefin, and tetrafluoropropene, difluoromethane (R32) and pentafluoroethane (R125) are binary mixed or ternary mixed such that global warming potential becomes 5 or more and 750 or less, preferably 350 or less.

[0040] When R32 and HFO1234yf are mixed, since global warming potential of R32 is 675 and global warming potential of HFO1234yf is 4, global warming potential of the mixture is 675 or less irrespective of a mixing ratio thereof.

[0041] Although contrivances are required for reducing a pressure loss, if the single HFO1234yf refrigerant is used, global warming potential is largely reduced of course.

[0042] Examples of refrigeration oil used for the compressor 1 are synthetic oil containing oxygenated compound of any of polyoxyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, poly (oxy) alkylene glycol, or copolymer of monoether thereof and polyvinylether, polyolesters and polycarbonates as a primary ingredient, or synthetic oil containing alkylbenzenes or α olefins as a primary ingredient.

[0043] The method for installing the air conditioner according to the present invention will be described below.

[0044] In a state of factory shipment, i.e., in a state where the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20 are not connected to each other, the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17 are closed, and a refrigerant is previously charged into the pipe 31 which is closed by the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17, the compressor 11 connected through the pipe 31, the outdoor heat exchanger 12, and the expansion valve 13.

[0045] The outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20 are first installed at installation sites. The outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20 are connected to each other through the liquid-side connection pipe 33 and the gas-side connection pipe 34.

[0046] After the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20 are connected to each other, the vacuum pump 50 is connected to the refrigerant charge port of the outdoor gas-side connection valve 15, and the operation of the vacuum pump 50 is started. When the pump-stopping means 46 is made to function, the pump-stopping means 46 is connected to operation-stopping means of the vacuum pump 50 before the vacuum pump 50 is operated.

[0047] The pipe 31 between the liquid-side valve 16 and the outdoor liquid-side connection valve 14, the pipe 31 between the gas-side valve 17 and the outdoor gas-side connection valve 15, the liquid-side connection pipe 33, the gas-side connection pipe 34 and the pipe 32 are evacuated by the operation of the vacuum pump 50.

[0048] As the evacuation operation is carried out, a detection signal from the pressure detector 18 is sent to the control unit 40, and the comparison means 42 compares whether a degree of vacuum reaches a value set by the degree of vacuum setting means 41.

[0049] When the pressure detector 18 detects a predetermined degree of vacuum, the output means 43 informs that the degree of vacuum reaches the predetermined degree of vacuum by means of visual display, light, sound or vibration.

[0050] If the operator checks that the pressure detector 18 detects the predetermined degree of vacuum by the output means 43, the refrigerant charge port is closed and the vacuum pump 50 is taken out, and the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17 are opened.

[0051] If an optimal degree of vacuum differs depending upon a refrigerant to be charged, it is possible to enhance the operability and to sufficiently exert the performance of the air conditioner by setting a degree of vacuum in accordance with the charged refrigerant by the degree of vacuum setting means 41.

[0052] The method for installing an air conditioner according to the present invention includes a first step of checking that the pressure detector 18 detects a predetermined degree of vacuum and a second step of closing the refrigerant charge port after the first step. According to this, since the evacuation operation from the refrigerant charge port is completed after the degree of vacuum is checked by the pressure detector 18, reliable evacuation can be carried out.

[0053] Since the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17 are opened after the first step, reliable installation operation can be carried out.

[0054] When the valve-opening means 44 and the port-closing means 45 are made to function by the control unit 40, if the comparison means 42 determines that a degree of vacuum is equal to the predetermined degree of vacuum, the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17 are opened by a signal from the valve-opening means 44 after the refrigerant charge port of the outdoor gas-side connection valve 15 is closed by a signal from the port-closing means 45.

[0055] When the pump-stopping means 46 is made to function by the control unit 40, if the comparison means 42 determines that a degree of vacuum is equal to the predetermined degree of vacuum, the operation of the vacuum pump 50 is stopped by a signal from the pump-stopping means 46.

[0056] When the pressure detector 18 detects a predetermined degree of vacuum, since the air conditioner of the embodiment includes the control unit 40 which closes the refrigerant charge port, it is possible to enhance the efficiency of the evacuation operation and to carry out reliable evacuation.

[0057] According to the air conditioner of the embodiment, since the liquid-side valve 16 and the gas-side valve 17 are opened by the detection from the pressure detector 18, it is possible to eliminate operation mistake and to carry out the installation operation in an optimal vacuum state.

[0058] According to the air conditioner of the embodiment, since the operation of the vacuum pump 50 connected to the charge port is stopped by the control unit 40, it is possible to further enhance the operability and to eliminate the operation mistake.

[0059] Although the embodiment is described using the refrigerant circuit which utilizes the outdoor heat exchanger 12 as a condenser and using the indoor heat exchanger 21 as an evaporator, the outlet side pipe 31 and the suction side pipe 31 of the compressor 11 may be provided with four-way valves, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 may be utilized as an evaporator and the indoor heat exchanger 21 may be utilized as a condenser.

[Industrial Applicability]

[0060] The present invention is suitable when a refrigerant which is prone to be decomposed or degenerated by existence of air or water such as HFO1234yf having global warming potential 4 is utilized.

Claims

1. An air conditioner in which a compressor (11), an outdoor heat exchanger (12), an expansion valve (13) and an indoor heat exchanger (21) are connected to one another through pipes (31, 32) to configure a ring-shaped refrigerant circuit, an outdoor unit (10) includes the compressor (11), the outdoor heat exchanger (12) and the expansion valve (13), an indoor unit (20) includes the indoor heat exchanger (21), and the outdoor unit (10) and the indoor unit (20) are connected to each other through a liquid-side connection pipe (33) and a gas-side connection pipe (34) to configure the refrigerant circuit, wherein

the air conditioner includes a refrigerant charge port provided in a connection valve (14, 15) connected to the liquid-side connection pipe (33) or the gas-side connection pipe (34),

a liquid-side valve (16) provided on the pipe between the liquid-side connection pipe (33) and the expansion valve (13), and

a gas-side valve (17) provided on the pipe between the gas-side connection pipe (34) and the compressor (11),

wherein

the air conditioner further includes a pressure detector (18) provided on the pipe from the liquid-side valve (16) to the indoor heat exchanger (21) or the pipe from the indoor heat exchanger (21) to the gas-side valve (17),

a degree of vacuum setting means (41) and comparison means (42), and

a control unit (40) which, in a state where the outdoor unit (10) contains the refrigerant precharged into the pipe (31) of the outdoor unit (10) closed by the liquid-side valve (16) and the gas-side valve (17), where the liquid-side valve (16) and the gas-side valve (17) are closed, where the outdoor unit (10) and the indoor unit (20) are connected to each other, and where evacuation is carried out by a vacuum pump (50) connected to the opened refrigerant charge port, closes the refrigerant charge port, and opens the liquid side valve and the gas-side valve when the pressure detector (18) detects a predetermined degree of vacuum,

wherein, as the evacuation operation is carried out, a detection signal from the pressure detector (18) is sent to the control unit (40), and the comparison means (42) compares whether a degree of vacuum reaches a value set by the degree of vacuum setting means (41).

2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant charge port is provided on the connection valve (15) connected to the gas-side connection pipe (34) and the pressure detector (18) is provided on the pipe (31) between the liquid-side valve (16) and the liquid-side connection valve (14), or on the pipe (32) between the liquid-side connection valve (14) and the indoor heat exchanger (21), or on the liquid-side connection pipe (33) between the liquid-side connection valve (14) and the indoor heat exchanger (21), or on the pipe (31, 32) between the indoor heat exchanger (21) and the gas-side valve (17), or on the gas-side connection pipe (34) between the indoor heat exchanger (21) and the gas-side valve (17).

3. The air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit (40) stops operation of a vacuum pump (50) which is connected to the refrigerant charge port.

4. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising output means (43) which informs that the pressure detector (18) detects the predetermined degree of vacuum.

5. The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a single refrigerant of hydrofluoroolefin or a mixture refrigerant having hydrofluoroolefin as a base ingredient is used as the refrigerant.

6. The air conditioner according to claim 5, wherein tetrafluoropropene is used as the hydrofluoroolefin, and tetrafluoropropene, difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane are binary mixed or ternary mixed such that global warming potential becomes 5 or more and 750 or less, preferably 300 or less.

7. A method for installing the air conditioner described in claim 1, comprising a first step of checking that the pressure detector (18) detects the predetermined degree of vacuum, and a second step of closing the refrigerant charge port after the first step.

8. The method for installing the air conditioner according claim 7, wherein the liquid-side valve (16) and the gas-side valve (17) are opened after the first step.

Ansprüche

1. Klimaanlage, bei der ein Kompressor (11), ein Außenwärmetauscher (12), ein Expansionsventil (13) und ein Innenwärmetauscher (21) durch Leitungen (31, 32) miteinander verbunden sind, um einen ringförmigen Kältemittelkreislauf zu bilden, eine Außeneinheit (10) den Kompressor (11), den Außenwärmetauscher (12) und das Expansionsventil (13) enthält, eine Inneneinheit (20) den Innenwärmetauscher (21) enthält, und die Außeneinheit (10) und die Inneneinheit (20) durch eine flüssigkeitsseitige Anschlussleitung (33) und eine gasseitige Anschlussleitung (34) miteinander verbunden sind, um den Kältemittelkreislauf zu bilden, wobei

die Klimaanlage aufweist,

einen Kältemittelfüllanschluss, der in einem Anschlussventil (14, 15) vorgesehen ist, das mit der flüssigkeitsseitigen Anschlussleitung (33) oder der gasseitigen Anschlussleitung (34) verbunden ist,

ein flüssigkeitsseitiges Ventil (16), das an der Leitung zwischen der flüssigkeitsseitigen Anschlussleitung (33) und dem Expansionsventil (13) vorgesehen ist, und

ein gasseitiges Ventil (17), das an der Leitung zwischen der gasseitigen Anschlussleitung (34) und dem Kompressor (11) vorgesehen ist,

wobei die Klimaanlage ferner aufweist

einen Druckdetektor (18), der an der Leitung von dem flüssigkeitsseitigen Ventil (16) zu dem Innenwärmetauscher (21) oder der Leitung von dem Innenwärmetauscher (21) zu dem gasseitigen Ventil (17) vorgesehen ist,

eine Vakuumgrad-Einstelleinrichtung (41) und eine Vergleichseinrichtung (42), und

eine Steuereinheit (40), die, in einem Zustand, in dem die Außeneinheit (10) das durch das flüssigkeitsseitige Ventil (16) und das gasseitige Ventil (17) in die geschlossene Leitung (31) der Außeneinheit (10) vorgefüllte Kältemittel enthält, in dem das flüssigkeitsseitige Ventil (16) und das gasseitige Ventil (17) geschlossen sind, in dem die Außeneinheit (10) und die Inneneinheit (20) miteinander verbunden sind, und in dem die Evakuierung durch eine Vakuumpumpe (50) durchgeführt wird, die mit dem geöffneten Kältemittelfüllanschluss verbunden ist, den Kältemittelfüllanschluss schließt und das flüssigkeitsseitige Ventil und das gasseitige Ventil öffnet, wenn der Druckdetektor (18) einen vorbestimmten Vakuumgrad erfasst,

wobei, wenn der Evakuierungsvorgang ausgeführt wird, ein Erfassungssignal von dem Druckdetektor (18) an die Steuereinheit (40) gesendet wird, und die Vergleichseinrichtung (42) vergleicht, ob ein Vakuumgrad einen Wert erreicht, der durch die Vakuumgrad-Einstelleinrichtung (41) eingestellt ist.

2. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Kältemittelfüllanschluss an dem mit der gasseitigen Anschlussleitung (34) verbundenen Anschlussventil (15) vorgesehen ist und der Druckdetektor (18) an der Leitung (31) zwischen dem flüssigkeitsseitigen Ventil (16) und dem flüssigkeitsseitigen Anschlussventil (14), oder an der Leitung (32) zwischen dem flüssigkeitsseitigen Anschlussventil (14) und dem Innenwärmetauscher (21), oder an der flüssigkeitsseitigen Anschlussleitung (33) zwischen dem flüssigkeitsseitigen Anschlussventil (14) und dem Innenwärmetauscher (21), oder an der Leitung (31, 32) zwischen dem Innenwärmetauscher (21) und dem gasseitigen Ventil (17), oder an der gasseitigen Anschlussleitung (34) zwischen dem Innenwärmetauscher (21) und dem gasseitigen Ventil (17) vorgesehen ist.

3. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Steuereinheit (40) den Betrieb einer Vakuumpumpe (50), die mit dem Kältemittelfüllanschluss verbunden ist, stoppt.

4. Klimaanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, ferner umfassend ein Ausgabemittel (43), das mitteilt, dass der Druckdetektor (18) den vorbestimmten Vakuumgrad erfasst hat.

5. Klimaanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei als Kältemittel ein einzelnes Kältemittel aus Hydrofluorolefin oder ein Mischkältemittel mit Hydrofluorolefin als Basisbestandteil verwendet wird.

6. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 5, wobei Tetrafluorpropen als Hydrofluorolefin verwendet wird und Tetrafluorpropen, Difluormethan und Pentafluorethan binär oder ternär gemischt werden, so dass das globale Erwärmungspotenzial 5 oder mehr und 750 oder weniger, vorzugsweise 300 oder weniger, wird.

7. Verfahren zum Installieren der in Anspruch 1 beschriebenen Klimaanlage, umfassend einen ersten Schritt des Überprüfens, dass der Druckdetektor (18) den vorbestimmten Vakuumgrad erfasst, und einen zweiten Schritt des Schließens des Kältemittelfüllanschlusses nach dem ersten Schritt.

8. Verfahren zum Installieren der Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 7, wobei das flüssigkeitsseitige Ventil (16) und das gasseitige Ventil (17) nach dem ersten Schritt geöffnet werden.

Revendications

1. Climatiseur dans lequel un compresseur (11), un échangeur de chaleur extérieur (12), un détendeur (13) et un échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) sont reliés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire de tuyaux (31, 32) pour réaliser un circuit de fluide frigorigène en forme d'anneau, une unité extérieure (10) comprend le compresseur (11), l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur (12) et le détendeur (13), une unité intérieure (20) comprend l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) et l'unité extérieure (10) et l'unité intérieure (20) sont reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'un tuyau de raccordement côté liquide (33) et d'un tuyau de raccordement côté gaz (34) pour réaliser le circuit de fluide frigorigène,

le climatiseur comprenant

un orifice de chargement de fluide frigorigène disposé dans une soupape de raccordement (14, 15) reliée au tuyau de raccordement côté liquide (33) ou au tuyau de raccordement côté gaz (34),

une soupape côté liquide (16) disposée sur le tuyau entre le tuyau de raccordement côté liquide (33) et le détendeur (13) et

une soupape côté gaz (17) disposée sur le tuyau entre le tuyau de raccordement côté gaz (34) et le compresseur (11),

le climatiseur comprenant en outre

un détecteur de pression (18) disposé sur le tuyau provenant de la soupape côté liquide (16) vers l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) ou sur le tuyau provenant de l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) vers la soupape côté gaz (17),

un moyen de réglage de degré de vide (41) et un moyen de comparaison (42) et

une unité de commande (40) laquelle, dans un état où l'unité extérieure (10) contient le fluide frigorigène préchargé dans le tuyau (31) de l'unité extérieure (10) fermée par la soupape côté liquide (16) et par la soupape côté gaz (17), où la soupape côté liquide (16) et la soupape côté gaz (17) sont fermées, où l'unité extérieure (10) et l'unité intérieure (20) sont reliées l'une à l'autre et où l'évacuation est effectuée par une pompe à vide (50) reliée à l'orifice de chargement de fluide frigorigène ouvert, ferme l'orifice de chargement de fluide frigorigène et ouvre la soupape côté liquide et la soupape côté gaz lorsque le détecteur de pression (18) détecte un degré de vide prédéterminé,

dans lequel, lorsque l'opération d'évacuation est effectuée, un signal de détection provenant du détecteur de pression (18) est envoyé à l'unité de commande (40) et le moyen de comparaison (42) compare si un degré de vide atteint une valeur déterminée par le moyen de réglage de degré de vide (41).

2. Climatiseur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'orifice de chargement de fluide frigorigène est disposé sur la soupape de raccordement (15) reliée au tuyau de raccordement côté gaz (34) et le détecteur de pression (18) est disposé sur le tuyau (31) entre la soupape côté liquide (16) et la soupape de raccordement côté liquide (14) ou sur le tuyau (32) entre la soupape de raccordement côté liquide (14) et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) ou sur le tuyau de raccordement côté liquide (33) entre la soupape de raccordement côté liquide (14) et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) ou sur le tuyau (31, 32) entre l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) et la soupape côté gaz (17) ou sur le tuyau de raccordement côté gaz (34) entre l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur (21) et la soupape côté gaz (17).

3. Climatiseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'unité de commande (40) arrête le fonctionnement d'une pompe à vide (50) laquelle est reliée à l'orifice de chargement de fluide frigorigène.

4. Climatiseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant en outre un moyen de sortie (43) qui informe que le détecteur de pression (18) détecte le degré de vide prédéterminé.

5. Climatiseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel un fluide frigorigène unique d'hydrofluorooléfine ou un fluide frigorigène en mélange présentant une hydrofluorooléfine en tant qu'ingrédient de base est utilisé en tant que fluide frigorigène.

6. Climatiseur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel du tétrafluoropropène est utilisé en tant qu'hydrofluorooléfine et du tétrafluoropropène, du difluorométhane et du pentafluoroéthane sont mélangés de manière binaire ou ternaire de telle sorte que le potentiel de réchauffement climatique devient supérieur ou égal à 5 et inférieur ou égal à 750, de préférence inférieur ou égal à 300.

7. Procédé d'installation du climatiseur selon la revendication 1, comprenant une première étape consistant à vérifier que le détecteur de pression (18) détecte le degré prédéterminé de vide et une seconde étape consistant à fermer l'orifice de chargement de fluide frigorigène après la première étape.

8. Procédé d'installation du climatiseur selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la soupape côté liquide (16) et la soupape côté gaz (17) sont ouvertes après la première étape.

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