OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION MODULE

Description

Field of Invention

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of devices for energy overvoltage protection, more precisely to the field of modules provided with a varistor and a system for triggering short circuit upon occurrence of overvoltage in a network.

Technical Problem

[0002] The technical problem solved by the present invention is a constructional solution to a reliable and rapid operation of an overvoltage protection module with a varistor that creates short circuit by overheating a triggering element. Despite lightning protection, electric installations in homes, schools, hospitals, industrial facilities, offices, power plants and similar places may be burdened with short-term surge voltages that can damage devices and apparatuses connected to a network. These devices can be protected by integrated overload modules that intercept high voltages and cut off the supply voltage.

Prior Art

[0003] Various forms of overvoltage modules based on varistor operation are known. EP 1 798 742 A1 discloses an overvoltage protection element including a wafer of a varistor and a meltable member bridging the wafer of the varistor in case of thermal overload. The solution is based on a solder arranged around an internal piston or piston-shaped electrode that gets heated in case of thermal overload of the varistor, the solder melts and flows from the piston to the bottom of a housing thus creating short circuit between the housing and the internal piston, which functions as a short-circuit bridge. This solution is closest to the solution of the invention in that the heating of the varistor in the solution from EP 1 798 742 A1 causes short circuit between the internal piston and the bottom of the module, whereas, according to the present invention, two blocking elements from a meltable material start melting, which releases a spring that pushes a plate against a wall of the housing thus causing short circuit.

Solution to the Technical Problem

[0004] The invention provides for an overvoltage protection module according to claim 1.

[0005] The essence of the overvoltage protection module of the invention lies in a constructional shape of a section causing short circuit when a varistor gets heated due to the presence of overvoltage overload.

[0006] The overvoltage protection module of the invention will be described in more detail in the continuation by way of drawings representing in:

Figure 1 - Overvoltage protection module assembly

Figure 2 - Piston 31 with plate 41 and spring 51

[0007] An overvoltage protection module consists of a housing 1 shaped like a hollow cuboid with a cylindrical threaded pin 1a. The bottom of the housing 1 is provided with a varistor 2, above which there is a piston 3 with drilled holes 3a and 3b on both parallel sides, between which a movable side wall shaped like a plate 4 is arranged. The movable side wall 4 is provided at its upper edge with drilled holes 4a and 4b and at its side edge with two holes 4c. The internal side of the plate 4 is provided with a holder of a spring 5 compressed in a way that the external part of the plate 4 is level with the external edges of the piston 3. A meltable material is poured or inserted into said drilled holes 3a and 3b and the parallel drilled holes 4a and 4b. A plate 7, onto which a flexible wire 6 is fastened, is fastened with screws 7a and 7b in the drilled holes 4a and 4b. The piston 3 is closed by a piston 8 having a cylindrical pin 8a that simultaneously also functions as a second connection pin. The cylindrical pin 8a of the piston 8 is provided with a rectangular insulation body 9 with one cut-out wall that allows the plate 4 to come in contact with the wall of the housing 1 in case of overvoltage on the varistor 2. The body 9 together with the varistor 2, the piston 3 with the plate 4, the wire 6 on the plate 7 and with the piston 8 assembly are pushed towards the bottom of the housing 1 by a spring 10 that is compressed by a cover 11 with a round hole 11 a for the pin 8a.

[0008] The piston 3 is provided with several drilled holes on two parallel side walls and with one or several drilled holes on the bottom section of the piston 3. The movable side wall 4 on the upper edge is provided with two or several drilled holes and with two or several holes on side edges and/or a hole in the bottom side.

[0009] In case of overvoltage or increased temperature in the network the varistor 2 gets heated, consequently the piston 3 and the material in the neighbouring drilled holes 3a and 4a and the drilled holes 3b and 4b get heated as well. The softened material in the neighbouring drilled holes 3a and 4b and in the drilled holes 3b and 4b can no longer withstand the force of the pre-stressed spring 5, which causes the pre-stressed spring 5 to release and push the short-circuit plate 4 into the wall of the housing 1. The short-circuit plate 4 is linked to the piston 3 with a flexible wire 6, through which current flows to the short-circuit plate and consequently to the wall of the housing 1 thus causing short circuit.

[0010] The overvoltage protection module functions as follows: in case of overvoltage or increased voltage the varistor 2 gets heated which causes heating of the meltable material in the piston 3, consequently the pre-stressed spring 5 releases and pushes the plate 4 against the wall of the housing 1 and thus short circuit occurs between the supply pins 1 a and 8a.

[0011] The overvoltage protection module according to embodiment I is provided in the interior of the housing 1 with the varistor 2, above which a piston 31 with a movable plate 41 is arranged. A cylindrical pin 41a provided with a spring 51 is arranged perpendicularly to the plate 41. The plate 41 with the spring 51 is arranged in a wall 31 a of the piston 31 and fixed with a meltable material 12. The material 12 blocks the spring 51.

[0012] In case of overvoltage or increased voltage in the network the module according to embodiment I gets heated due to the heating of the varistor 2, the piston 31 and the material 12 also get heated, which releases the pre-stressed spring 51 that pushes the short-circuit plate 41 against the wall of the housing and causes short circuit. The overvoltage protection module of the invention is suitable mostly for wind farms and solar power plants.

Claims

1. An overvoltage protection module having a housing (1) with a threaded supply pin (1a) characterised in that a varistor (2) gets heated in case of overvoltage and causes heating of the meltable material in a piston (3) which releases a pre-stressed spring (5) that pushes a plate (4) against a wall of a housing (1) thus creating short circuit between supply pins (1a and 8a); that a bottom of the housing (1) is provided with a varistor (2) above which there is a piston (3) with drilled holes (3a and 3b) on two parallel sides, between which a movable side wall shaped like a plate (4) is arranged; that the movable side wall (4) is provided at its upper edge with drilled holes (4a and 4b) and at its side edge with two holes (4c); that the internal side of the plate (4) is provided with a holder of a spring (5) compressed in a way that the external part of the plate (4) is level with the external edges of the piston (3); that a meltable material is poured or inserted into said drilled holes (3a and 3b) and the parallel drilled holes (4a and 4b); that a plate (7) onto which a flexible wire (6) is fastened, is fastened with screws (7a and 7b) in the drilled holes (4a and 4b); that the piston (3) is closed by a piston (8) having a cylindrical pin (8a) that simultaneously also functions as a second connection pin; that the cylindrical pin (8a) of the piston (8) is provided with a rectangular insulation body (9) with one cut-out wall that allows the plate (4) to come in contact with the wall of the housing (1) in case of overvoltage on the varistor (2); that the body (9) together with the varistor (2), the piston (3) with the plate (4), the wire (6) on the plate (7) and the piston (8) are pushed towards the bottom of the housing (1) by a spring (10) that is compressed by a cover (11) with a round hole (11 a) for the pin (8a).

2. The overvoltage protection module according to claim 1, characterised in that the piston (3) is provided with several drilled holes on two parallel side walls and with one or several drilled holes on the bottom section of the piston (3); that the movable side wall (4) on the upper edge is provided with two or several drilled holes and with two or several holes on side edges and/or a hole in the bottom side.

3. The overvoltage protection module according to claim 2 characterised in that it is provided in the interior of the housing (1) with the varistor (2), above which a piston (31) with a movable plate (41) is arranged; that a cylindrical pin (41a) provided with a spring (51) is arranged perpendicularly to the plate (41); that the plate (41) with the spring (51) is arranged in a wall (31a) of the piston (31) and fixed with a meltable material (12).

Ansprüche

1. Ein Überspannungsschutzmodul (1) mit einem Gehäuse (1) mit einem Gewindeversorgungsstift (1 a), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich ein Varistor (2) bei Überspannung erhitzt und die Erwärmung des Schmelzmaterials in einem Kolben (3) bewirkt, wobei der Kolben eine vorgespannte Feder (5) betätigt, die eine Platte (4) gegen die Wand des Gehäuses (1) drückt und damit einen Kurzschluss zwischen den Versorgungsstiften (1 a und 8a) verursacht; dass ein Boden des Gehäuses (1) mit einem Varistor (2) versehen ist, oberhalb dessen sich ein Kolben (3) mit Bohrungen (3a und 3b) an zwei parallelen Seiten befindet, zwischen denen eine bewegliche als Platte (4) ausgebildete Seitenwand angeordnet ist; dass die bewegliche Seitenwand (4) an ihrem oberen Rand mit Bohrlöchern (4a und 4b) und an ihrem seitlichen Rand mit zwei Löchern (4c) versehen ist; dass die Innenseite der Platte (4) mit einem Halter (5) der Feder versehen ist, die derart zusammengedrückt ist, dass die Außenseite der Platte (4) mit den Außenrändern des Kolbens (3) ausgerichtet ist; dass das schmelzbare Material in die genannten Bohrlöcher (3a und 3b) und die parallelen Bohrlöcher (4a und 4b) eingegossen oder eingefügt wird; dass die Platte (7), an der ein flexibler Draht (6) befestigt ist, mit Schrauben (7a und 7b) in den Bohrlöchern (4a und 4b) befestigt ist; dass der Kolben (3) mit einem einen zylindrischen Stift (8a) aufweisenden Kolben (8), der gleichzeitig auch als zweiter Anschlussstift fungiert, verschlossen ist; dass der zylindrische Stift (8a) des Kolbens (8) mit einem rechteckigen Isolationskörper (9) mit einer ausgeschnittenen Wand, den Kontakt der Platte (4) mit der Wand des Gehäuses (1) im Falle der Überspannung auf dem Varistor (2) ermöglicht, versehen ist; dass der Körper (9) zusammen mit dem Varistor (2), mit dem Kolben (3) mit der Platte (4), mit dem Draht (6) an der Platte (7) und dem Kolben (8) durch eine Feder (10) gegen den Boden des Gehäuses (1) gedrückt wird, die durch einen Deckel (11) mit einem runden Loch (11a) für den Stift (8a) zusammengedrückt ist.

2. Das Überspannungsschutzmodul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (3) mit mehreren Bohrlöchern an zwei parallelen Seitenwänden und mit einem oder mehreren Bohrlöchern am Bodensegment des Kolbens (3) versehen ist; dass die bewegliche Seitenwand (4) am oberen Rand mit zwei oder mehreren Bohrlöchern und mit zwei oder mehreren Löchern an den Seitenrändern und/oder mit einem Loch an der Bodenseite versehen ist.

3. Das Überspannungsschutzmodul nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es im Inneren des Gehäuses (1) mit dem Varistor (2) versehen ist, oberhalb dessen ein Kolben (31) mit einer beweglichen Platte (41) angeordnet ist; dass ein mit einer Feder (51) versehener zylindrischer Stift (41 a) senkrecht zur Platte (41) angeordnet ist; dass die Platte (41) mit der Feder (51) in einer Wand (31 a) des Kolbens (31) angeordnet ist und mit dem schmelzbaren Material (12) befestigt ist.

Revendications

1. Un module de protection contre les surtensions comprenant un boîtier (1) avec une broche d'alimentation filetée (1 a) caractérisé en ce qu'une varistance (2) chauffe en cas de surtension et provoque le chauffage du matériau fusible dans un piston (3) qui déclenche un ressort précontraint (5) qui pousse une plaque (4) contre une paroi du boîtier (1), créant ainsi un court-circuit entre les broches d'alimentation (1 a et 8a); qu'une partie inférieure du boîtier (1) est pourvue d'une varistance (2), au-dessus de laquelle se trouve le piston (3) avec des trous percés (3a et 3b) sur deux côtés parallèles, entre lesquelles est disposée une paroi latérale mobile en forme de plaque (4); que la paroi latérale mobile (4) est dotée, au niveau de son bord supérieur, de trous percés (4a et 4b) et au niveau de son bord latéral de deux trous (4c); que le côté interne de la plaque (4) est doté d'un support de ressort (5) compressé de sorte que la partie externe de la plaque (4) est à niveau avec les bords externes du piston (3); qu'un matériau fusible est versé ou inséré dans lesdits trous percés (3a et 3b) et les trous percés parallèlement (4a et 4b); qu'une plaque (7), sur laquelle est fixé un câble flexible (6), est fixée dans lesdits trous percés (4a et 4b) par des vis (7a et 7b); que le piston (3) est fermé par un piston (8) comportant une broche cylindrique (8a) qui fonctionne également comme une deuxième broche de connexion; que la broche cylindrique (8a) du piston (8) est pourvue d'un corps isolant rectangulaire (9) avec une paroi découpée qui permet à la plaque (4) de venir en contact avec la paroi du boîtier (1) en cas de surtension sur la varistance (2); que le corps (9) avec la varistance (2), que le piston (3) avec la plaque (4), et que le câble (6) sur la plaque (7) et le piston (8) sont poussés vers le fond du boîtier (1) par un ressort (10) qui est comprimé par un couvercle (11) avec un trou rond (11 a) pour la broche (8a).

2. Le module de protection contre les surtensions selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le piston (3) est doté de plusieurs trous percés sur deux parois latérales parallèles et avec un ou plusieurs trous percés sur la section inférieure du piston (3); que la paroi latérale mobile (4) sur le bord supérieur est dotée de deux ou plusieurs trous percés et avec deux ou plusieurs trous sur des bords latéraux et/ou un trou dans la face inférieure.

3. Le module de protection contre les surtensions selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est pourvu, à l'intérieur du boîtier (1), de la varistance (2), au-dessus de laquelle est disposé un piston (31) avec une plaque mobile (41); qu'une broche cylindrique (41 a) munie d'un ressort (51) est disposée perpendiculairement à la plaque (41); que la plaque (41) avec le ressort (51) est disposée dans une paroi (31 a) du piston (31) et fixée avec un matériau fusible (12).

Drawing