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(11) | EP 2 738 312 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
| published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC |
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| (54) | BUOYANT MODULAR DEVICE FOR PLATFORM CONSTRUCTION IN PORTS |
| (57) Modular floating device for building platforms in ports that comprises a base structure
(1) that receives the mass of concrete (35), a reinforcement structure (2) that supports
the base structure (1), several inflatable active floats (5) for raising and lowering
the whole of the base structure (1) and the reinforcement structure (2), several passive
floats (4) for maintaining the whole of the base structure (1) and the reinforcement
structure (2) and several mechanisms for anchoring (3) the reinforcement structure
(2) to a static base (6). Depending on the relative position of the base structure (1) and the reinforcement structure (2), depending on the arrangement of the base structure (1), the arrangement of the reinforcement structure (2), the number and position of the floats, both active (4) and passive (5), and depending on the arrangement of the mechanisms for anchoring (3) to the static base (6), four different embodiments of this device are devised. |
Object of the invention
[0001] The present invention relates to a modular floating structure used in building platforms for ports. Said structure offers a variety of arrangements, such that it can be adapted to suit the various existing port construction methods. It also relates to the method for using the aforementioned modular structure. Its use is of interest in the field of carrying out construction work in ports.
[0002] The object of the invention consists of a modular floating structure that is used to build port platforms in such a way that the platform is built independently from the sea floor below it, as it is supported upon another pre-existing structure during construction.
Technical problem to be solved
[0003] Port constructions are built by applying various methods which normally seek to reclaim land from the sea by expanding the limits of the port platforms into areas previously occupied by sea water.
[0004] The main problem faced when designing port expansion work is the lack of knowledge about the conditions of the sea floor, and its high variability in port areas. This is due to the fact that in ports the usage of the different areas has evolved over time, so that where there was once an area for dumping materials from a given industry, today there are plans to expand the port.
[0005] To carry out the various types of expansions in ports, it is necessary to determine the characteristics of the floors upon which the new structure will rest, with the costs and complications that this involves. Furthermore, it is always necessary to improve the conditions of the sea floor, and for it to have enough bearing capacity to hold the structure that it is going to support. Improvements in the bearing capacity of the floor, which are necessary when a structure is to be supported on top of them, come at a high cost.
Description of the invention
[0006] The invention described herein discloses a modular structure, with various forms of embodiment, which comprises five common elements, namely: a base structure that receives the mass of concrete; a reinforcement structure that supports the base structure; several inflatable active floats for raising and lowering the whole of the base structure and the reinforcement structure; several passive floats for maintaining the whole of the base structure and the reinforcement structure; and several anchoring mechanisms for anchoring the reinforcement structure to a static base.
[0007] Four different embodiments of the device are known, which arise depending on the relative position of the base structure and the reinforcement structure, depending on the arrangement of said structures, the number and position of the floats, both active and passive, and depending on the arrangement of the mechanisms for anchoring to the static base.
[0008] In the first embodiment the reinforcement structure is situated below the base structure. The reinforcement structure in this embodiment comprises at least two bridges, the branches of which incorporate several facing tubular guides. To the inside of said tubular guides, a pair of opposing mobile sliders are attached, which are connected to one another by a central mechanism, which may be a hydraulic cylinder, with the shank of the cylinder connected to a mobile slider and the casing connected to the opposite mobile slider. The mobile sliders constitute, on their unconnected end, the support on the static base for holding the reinforcement structure.
[0009] The central mechanism enables modification of the distance between the sliders, thus adjusting the width of the bridge to adjust to the pre-existing dimensions of the static base.
[0010] Once the distance between the sliders has been adjusted, the device has several mechanisms for fastening the sliders, which keep the sliders from moving with respect to the bridge, said mechanisms consisting of a lower U-shaped element to which two vertical bars connect, which are fastened to the cross beam of the bridge. Between the lower element and the two vertical bars, the slider is located, so that when the mechanism is adjusted, said slider cannot move.
[0011] The device, in this first embodiment, incorporates means of raising and lowering the base structure with respect to the reinforcement structure, comprising several vertical threaded bars that are immobile along their axis, and are connected to several tubular bodies fixed firmly to the base structure. The lower ends of the vertical bars have heads housed in mortises located in parts firmly fixed to the cross beam of the bridges. Rotating the vertical bars enables the base structure to move relatively closer to or farther from the reinforcement structure.
[0012] In the first embodiment the base structure comprises a framework constituting a frame and several side rails, upon which a flat platform is supported. Along the long sides of the framework there is an angular module on each side, upon which several angular platforms are situated, giving continuity to the flat platform, thus offering a continuous surface to receive the concrete once concreting gets underway.
[0013] The passive float that the device incorporates in this first embodiment is located in the central area of the base structure, and is fastened to it on its bottom face. At the lengthwise ends of the central area of the base structure, there are at least two active floats fasted to the bottom face of the same, one at each end, which enable lifting of the reinforcement structure.
[0014] The second embodiment is concerned with carrying out platforms above a row of piles. In this embodiment the base structure is also situated above the reinforcement structure.
[0015] In this second embodiment, the structure is divided lengthwise into two halves, one of which is completely flat, and the other of which incorporates a collapsible vertical panel that can be moved in a direction parallel to the base structure.
[0016] The collapsible and movable vertical panel is fastened to the vertical branch of an angle bracket. The angle bracket can be moved linearly by means of a first motorized element, which may be a spindle, and the vertical branch of the angle bracket can be collapsed by means of a second motorized element, which may be constituted by a hydraulic propping cylinder.
[0017] The flat parts of the base structure comprise a framework of lengthwise elements upon which flat crosswise elements are placed, constituting a base upon which a flat horizontal board is placed.
[0018] In this second embodiment, the reinforcement structure comprises several pairs of facing mobile carriages, which clasp to several piles constituting the static base. Said mobile carriages comprise a structure made up of a lattice of bars and a front part that matches the geometry of the pile to be clasped, as well as several threaded vertical bars mounted coaxially to several tubes, on the lower segment of which several nuts are mounted, along with several horizontal tie bars that help the mobile carriages to connect to one another forming a clasp around the pile, and several mechanisms threaded onto the threaded vertical bars, placed on the upper segment of the latter, which butt up against the mass of hardened concrete and make it possible to subsequently loosen the nuts.
[0019] In this second embodiment the mobile carriages of the reinforcement structure are connected to the base structure by means of U-shaped guides fastened to the lengthwise elements of the base structure, said connection allowing the carriages to make small relative lengthwise and crosswise movements with respect to the base structure, which movements are dictated by means of horizontal hydraulic cylinders that enable the mobile carriages to be separated from the pile to which they clasp.
[0020] The second embodiment of the device comprises at least one active float and at least one passive float, both floats being located in the central area of the base structure and fastened to its bottom face.
[0021] The third embodiment is the only embodiment wherein the base structure is situated below the reinforcement structure.
[0022] In the third embodiment, the reinforcement structure comprises at least two bridges, the branches of which are supported by the static base, several lengthwise braces, and other diagonal braces that join together the central segments of the bridges, several means of guiding and moving crosswise the bridges, and means of raising and lowering the base structure that are linked to the reinforcement structure.
[0023] The branches of the reinforcement structure bridges have collapsible legs by means of which are supported on the static base, which are articulated at the ends of the central segment of the bridges. The branches of the bridges also have several struts which have articulated joints with the collapsible legs and the central segment of the bridges.
[0024] The means of guiding and moving the bridges crosswise are made up of several crosswise-moving end carriages. Vertically movable supports containing several wheels are coupled to these end carriages, said end carriages being part of the bridges.
[0025] To place the bridges in their use position, several guide paths are required which direct the bridges via the means of crosswise guiding and movement, wherein the guide paths rest on the static base.
[0026] In the third embodiment, the base structure comprises flat modules for securing the mass of concrete, several passive floats fastened to the bottom face of the flat modules, as well as a set of metal beams that provide support to the flat modules.
[0027] In the third embodiment, the base structure is connected to the reinforcement structure by means of pairs of vertical braces linked together by means of stopper plates, which allow the base structure to hang from the reinforcement structure. The pairs of vertical braces pass along the sides of the central segment of the bridges, and lay against the stopper plates.
[0028] In this third embodiment, the device has an access structure located above the reinforcement structure, which has a series of walkways and safety elements such as handrails and baseboards. All of the elements of the access structure are connected to several lengthwise beams with height-adjustable legs to rest on the static base.
[0029] The height-adjustable legs of the lengthwise beams of the access structure may be constituted by hydraulic cylinders, wherewith to adjust the height of the access structure.
[0031] In the fourth embodiment the reinforcement structure comprises at least two trusses. Each truss comprises an adjustable horizontal beam supported, by means of several conventional wedge jacks, by the static base, a lower horizontal beam shorter in length than the adjustable beam, at least three vertical beams that join the adjustable beam to the lower horizontal beam, diagonal beams that join the adjustable beam to the lower horizontal beam, such that the assemblage joints joining the vertical beams to the lower horizontal beam, and those joining the diagonal beams to said lower horizontal beam, are the same. The assemblage joints between the diagonal beams and the adjustable beam are the same as the assemblage joints between the vertical beams and the adjustable beam.
[0032] The adjustable beam supports the base structure, which comprises a central panel and adjustable panels situated on the long sides of the base structure, through which the width of the base structure can be adjusted to match the existing width in the platform to be built.
[0033] In this fourth embodiment, the device has active floats and passive floats, the active floats being located together with the passive floats, fastened on one side of the truss that makes up part of the reinforcement structure.
[0034] For the use position of the device, the reinforcement structure is to be floated into place by inflating the active floats. The structure is to be raised until such a position where the ends of the adjustable beam can be inserted into several windows made in the static base, and supported on the conventional wedge jacks, which make possible the final adjustment of the height of the structure. Next, the base structure is placed on top of the reinforcement structure, with its adjustable panels on the long sides of the device.
Description of the drawings
[0035] To complete the description provided below, and for the purpose of helping to make the characteristics of the device more readily understandable, the present specification is accompanied by a set of figures, which by way of illustration and not limitation represent the following:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment, showing the arrangement of the modular floating device for building platforms in ports.
Figure 2 is an elevation view of the device of the embodiment in figure 1.
Figure 3 is an exploded view of the exemplary embodiment in figure 1, showing all of the constituent elements of this embodiment.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment which is different from the one in figure 1, showing the arrangement of the device when it is ready for use.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of one half of the device seen from the lower section of the embodiment in figure 4.
Figure 6 is a detailed view of a mobile carriage of the reinforcement structure of the embodiment in figure 4.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of the arrangement of the base structure from the upper section of the embodiment in figure 4.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the arrangement of the base structure from the lower section of the embodiment in figure 4.
Figure 9 is an elevation view of the arrangement of the details of the arrangement of the vertical panel and the mobile carriage when fastened to a pile in the embodiment in figure 4.
Figure 10 is a perspective view of the elements needed to release the mobile carriages in the embodiment in figure 4.
Figure 11 is an exploded view of the exemplary embodiment in figure 4, showing all of the constituent elements of the embodiment.
Figure 12 is a perspective view of the device of the invention according to a different embodiment to those shown in the preceding figures, wherein an upper structure is already in place, and a second structure is being put into place.
Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the elements that make up the base structure in the embodiment in figure 12.
Figure 14 is a perspective view highlighting the elements that make up the reinforcement structure in the embodiment in figure 12.
Figure 15 shows the components of the means of guiding and movement in the embodiment in figure 12.
Figure 16 is a perspective view highlighting the constituent elements of the access structure in the embodiment in figure 12.
Figure 17 is an elevation view of the device of the invention according to a fourth embodiment which is different from the preceding ones, showing the arrangement of the device when it is ready for use.
Figure 18 is an elevation view of the truss that is part of the reinforcement structure in the embodiment in figure 17, the upper section of which contains an exploded view of the base structure (1).
Figure 19 is a plan view of the embodiment in figure 17, wherein the reinforcement structure constitutes two trusses.
[0036] Below is a list of the different elements shown in the figures that are included in the invention:
1.- base structure;
2.- reinforcement structure;
3.- anchoring mechanisms;
4.- passive floats;
5.- active floats;
6.- static base;
7, 7'.- bridges;
8.- tubular guides;
9.- mobile sliders;
10.- central mechanism;
11.- fastening mechanisms;
12, 12'.- raising and lowering means;
13, 13'.- threaded vertical bars;
14.- tubular bodies;
15.- frame;
16.- rails;
17.- flat platform;
18.- angular modules;
19.- angular platforms;
20.- vertical panel;
21.- lengthwise elements;
22.- crosswise flat elements;
23.- flat horizontal board;
24.- mobile carriage;
24'- lattice of bars;
25.- angle bracket;
26.- vertical branch;
27.- spindle;
28.- hydraulic propping cylinder;
29.- guides;
30.- horizontal hydraulic cylinders;
31.- flat supports;
32.- nuts;
33.- tubes;
34.- threaded mechanisms;
35.- mass of concrete;
36.- horizontal tie bars;
36'.- horizontal tie bar;
37.- lengthwise braces;
38.- diagonal braces;
39.- guide paths;
40.- means of guiding and moving;
41.- end carriages;
42.- movable supports;
43.- wheels;
44.- collapsible legs;
45.- struts;
46.- flat modules;
47.- group of metal beams;
48.- vertical braces;
49.- stopper plates;
50.- access structure;
51.- walkways;
52.- lengthwise beams;
53.- adjustable legs;
54.- wedge jacks;
55.- truss;
56.- adjustable beam;
57.- lower horizontal beam;
58.- vertical beams;
59.- diagonal beams;
60.- windows;
61.- central panel;
62.- side panels;
Detailed description of the invention
[0037] As indicated above, and as can be observed in the drawings, the modular floating device for building platforms in ports essentially comprises two structures: a base structure (1) for containing the mass of concrete (35) when the latter is poured, and a reinforcement structure (2) which reinforces the base structure (1). It also has mechanisms for anchoring (3) the reinforcement structure (2) to a static base (6), comprising in turn two types of floats which are divided between passive floats (4), which enable the base structure (1), the reinforcement structure (2), or both, to float, and several active floats (5) which when inflated or deflated raise or lower the base structure (1), or the reinforcement structure (2), pulling the base structure (1) along with it.
[0038] The modular floating device comprises four different embodiments, depending on the arrangement therein of the reinforcement structure (2), the base structure (1), the number and position of the passive floats (4), and of the active floats (5), and the mechanisms for anchoring (3) to the static base (6).
[0039] The first embodiment of the modular device is arranged such that the base structure (1) is situated above the reinforcement structure (2).
[0040] The base structure (1) of the first embodiment is a symmetrical structure divided into two parts, each with a similar arrangement in each side. Each part of the base structure (1) is made up of a lower framework that comprises a frame (15) and several rails (16), said rails (18) and frame (15) being made up of metal beams, upon which a flat platform (17) is placed. The two long sides of the base structure (1) are made up of several angular modules (18), one on either side of the base structure (1), upon which the angular platform is placed (19). There is one for each of the angular modules (18), creating a continuous flat platform with an L-shaped bend in its long sides.
[0041] The reinforcement structure (2) in the first embodiment comprises two bridges (7) situated below the base structure (1). The branches of said bridges (7) have several tubular guides (8) into which a pair of facing mobile sliders (9) are inserted and driven, which have an IPE-type profile (double "T" profile and so-called European thickness) and the ends of which are coupled together by means of a central mechanism (10) which allows said mobile sliders (9) to move along the tubular guides (8), thus increasing or decreasing the separation between said pairs of mobile sliders (9). In one embodiment the central mechanism (10) is a hydraulic cylinder. To fix the position of the mobile sliders (9) with respect to the respective bridge (7), the reinforcement structure (2) has several U-shaped fastening (11) mechanisms for each mobile slider (9), which comprise a metal shape and several vertical bars linked to several housings connected to the central segment of the bridge.
[0042] In this first embodiment of the device, the relative position of the base structure (1) with respect to the reinforcement structure (2) can be modified by raising and lowering means (12), which are made up of several vertical threaded bars (13) that are immobile along their axis, and are inserted into several tubular bodies (14) fixed firmly to the base structure (1). The bottom heads of the vertical threaded bars (13) are housed in mortises located symmetrically on the cross beam of the bridge (7) such that turning the vertical threaded bar (13) causes the base structure (1) to move closer to or farther from the reinforcement structure (2).
[0043] In this first embodiment, the device has at least one passive float (4) located between the bridges (7) of the reinforcement structure (2), in the central area of the base structure (1), and is fastened to it on its bottom face. Likewise, it has at least two active floats (5) located at the lengthwise ends of the central area of the base structure (1) and fasted to the bottom face of the same.
[0044] The second embodiment of the device is the one concerned with carrying out the platform when there is an alignment of piles above which to carry out said platform.
[0045] In this second embodiment, as in the first one, the base structure (1) is situated above the reinforcement structure (2).
[0046] The base structure (1) in this second embodiment is divided lengthwise into two halves, one of which is a completely flat part, and the other of which incorporates a collapsible and movable vertical panel (20). The flat part of both lengthwise halves is made up of a framework of lengthwise elements (21) upon which flat crosswise elements (22) are placed, upon which a flat horizontal board (23) is located. The collapsible and movable vertical panel (20) is joined to a horizontal board (23) by means of a horizontal tie bar (36'). Likewise, the collapsible and movable vertical panel (20) is fastened to a collapsible vertical branch (26) of an angle bracket (25), which can be moved linearly in a direction parallel to the base structure (1) thanks to a spindle (27), and which enables the vertical branch (26) to be collapsed by means of a hydraulic propping cylinder (28).
[0047] The reinforcement structure (2) in this second embodiment has pairs of mobile carriages (24) which clasp to the piles: the mobile carriages (24) are made up of a lattice of bars (24') and a front part that matches the geometry of the pile to be clasped. The mobile carriage (24) includes several threaded vertical bars (13'), the lower segment of which includes several nuts (32) which will be used subsequently to release the mobile carriage (24) after concreting. The pairs of mobile carriages (24) have a horizontal tie bar (36) threaded onto the upper section of each mobile carriage (24), fixing each pair of mobile carriages (24) in face-to-face position.
[0048] In the second embodiment, there are several threaded vertical bars (13') that are fastened to the top section of the mobile carriages (24). Said threaded vertical bars (13') are mounted coaxially to several tubes (33) that are engulfed by the mass of concrete (35) during concreting.
[0049] In order to release said threaded vertical bars (13'), recover the nuts (32) and facilitate the release of the mobile carriages (24), several threaded mechanisms are employed (34). One unit of the threaded mechanism (34) is placed in the area of the threaded bar (13'), situated above the mass of concrete (35). The threaded mechanisms (34) force the turning of the threaded bar (13') on which they are situated, at rest upon the mass of hardened concrete (35), thus facilitating the release of the nut (32), and the extraction of both the threaded bars (13') and the nuts (32) through the inside of the tubes (33).
[0050] The mobile carriages (24) are situated beneath the base structure (1) and are connected to it by means of several U-shaped guides (29), inside of which a horizontal bar of the lattice of bars (24') comprised by the mobile carriage (24) is inserted. Said connection allows the mobile carriages (24) to make small lengthwise and crosswise movements with respect to the base structure (1), which movements are controlled by means of horizontal hydraulic cylinders (30) fastened to several flat supports (31) firmly fixed to the underside of the base structure (1).
[0051] The second embodiment of the device has at least one passive float (4) and at least one active float (5), located in the central area of the base structure (1) and fastened to it by its bottom face.
[0052] The second embodiment of the device is arranged in the following manner:
- It has four base structure (1) units, two of which are equal in length and are joined to each other, while the two on the ends are shorter in length.
- It has three pairs of mobile carriages (24) situated beneath the joints of the four units of the base structure (1).
- It has two passive floats (4) and two active floats (5) situated beneath the equal-length units of the base structure (1).
[0053] The third embodiment is the only embodiment wherein the base structure (1) is situated below the reinforcement structure (2).
[0054] In this third embodiment, the base structure (1) is floated to its definitive location, and once in this location, it is raised up to its final position by means of raising and lowering means (12') linked to the reinforcement structure (2).
[0055] In the third embodiment the reinforcement structure (2) is divided into three parts with similar characteristics, each part being made up of three bridges (7'), the ends of which are supported by the static base (6). To complete the arrangement of the reinforcement structure (2), the bridges (7') are joined to one another by means of several lengthwise braces (37) and other diagonal braces (38). Likewise, it also has several crosswise guiding and moving means (40), which are made up of several crosswise-moving end carriages (41), upon which several vertically movable supports (42) are connected, which have several wheels (43) to facilitate its support and the movement of the bridges (7').
[0056] To place the reinforcement structure (2) in its use location, the bridges (7') move over the guiding and moving means (40) by means of several guide paths (39) laid crosswise upon the static base (6).
[0057] The branches of the bridges (7') have several collapsible support legs (44) that are provided to articulate at the points where they join to the ends of the central segment of the bridge (7'), said collapsible legs (44) also being articulately connected by joints with several struts (45) to the central segment of the bridge (7'). The legs (44) may be collapsed by releasing the joint connecting the struts (45) to the collapsible legs (44).
[0058] The base structure (1) in the third embodiment is made up of flat modules (46) that are lengthwise to the device, beneath which there is a set of metal beams (47), wherein between the metal beams (47) there are passive floats (4) that enable it to be moved via flotation.
[0059] The base structure (1) hangs from the bridges (7') of the reinforcement structure (2) by means of pairs of vertical braces (48) which incorporate several stopper plates (49) which lay against the central segment of the bridges (7'), holding the base structure (1) in its final use location.
[0060] Located upon the reinforcement structure (2) is an access structure (50) which incorporates several walkways (51) placed on the crosswise beams (52) to which they are fastened. Likewise the walkways (51) incorporate handrails and baseboards which ensure the safety of the users of said access structure (50). The access structure (50) is supported by means of several adjustable legs (53), joined to the lengthwise beams (52), wherein the adjustable legs (53) comprise hydraulic cylinders, which are supported by the static base (6).
[0061] To remove the reinforcement structure (2), once the concreting has been carried out, the stopper plates (49) are blocked against the mass of hardened concrete (35), preventing the base structure (1) from falling abruptly and in this way also releasing the vertical braces (48) from their connection to the central segment of the bridges (7'). Next, the legs (44) are collapsed on one side to release the bridges (7') as well from their fastening to the static base (6). The bridges (7') are moved crosswise by means of the guiding and moving means (40) until the bridges (7') are located on the static base (6), whereupon they are then moved to the next point of use.
[0062] The fourth embodiment of the modular device is arranged such that the base structure (1) is situated above the reinforcement structure (2).
[0063] In the fourth embodiment, the reinforcement structure (2) is made up of two trusses (55), which rest in several seats of several windows (60) of the static base (6) by means of a length-adjustable beam (56).
[0064] The truss (55) is made up of the adjustable beam (56) situated horizontally in the upper section of the truss (55), under which there is a lower horizontal beam (57), such that both beams are joined together by three vertical beams (58) and four diagonal beams (59) which are parallel in pairs. Of the diagonal beams, two form, together with the lower horizontal beam (57) and the adjustable beam (56), the outside of the truss (55), while the other two join together the three vertical beams (58) in the following way: between two vertical beams (58) there is one diagonal beam (59), which also joins together the adjustable beam (56) and the lower horizontal beam (57).
[0065] The reinforcement structure (2) is transported to its use position by flotation, thanks to the passive floats (4) which are fastened to the truss (55) on one side of the same, and the reinforcement structure (55) is raised and the use position is reached by means of the active floats (5), which are inflated in order to bring the reinforcement structure (2) to height, such that the base structure (1) and the active floats (5) are fastened to the passive floats (4) on the same side of the truss (55).
[0066] The final placement at height of the trusses (55) is carried out using several conventional wedge jacks (54) which allow for small up and down movements, and enable the subsequent release of the trusses (55) from the windows (60) of the static base (6), thus enabling, together with the active floats (5), for the trusses (55) making up the reinforcement structure (2) to be lowered down to the water, and for the reinforcement structure (2) to be transported to the next point of use.
[0067] In the fourth embodiment, the base structure (1) has a completely flat structure, made up of a central panel (61) and several adjustable panels (62) located on the long sides of the base structure (1). By adjusting these adjustable panels (62), the base structure can be arranged to have various weight for the various geometries to which it might have to connect.
- a base structure (1) recipient of the mass of concrete (35),
- a reinforcement structure (2) that supports the base structure (1),
- several inflatable active floats (5) for raising and lowering the whole of the base structure (1) and the reinforcement structure (2),
- several passive floats (4) for maintaining the whole of the base structure (1) and the reinforcement structure (2),
- several mechanisms for anchoring (3) the reinforcement structure (2) to a static base (6).
- the reinforcement structure (2) is situated below the base structure (1),
- the reinforcement structure (2) comprises at least two bridges (7), the branches of which incorporate several facing tubular guides (8), where a pair of opposing mobile sliders (9) are attached to, which are connected to one another by a central mechanism (10), furthermore incorporating several mechanisms for fastening (11) the mobile sliders (9) in a fixed position with respect to the respective bridge (7).
- it includes means of raising and lowering (12) the base structure (1) with respect to the reinforcement structure (2).
- a framework constituting a frame (15) and several side rails (16), upon which a flat platform is supported (17).
- at least two angular modules (18) located in the long sides of the framework, in combination with several angular platforms (19).
- the base structure (1) comprises two lengthwise halves,
- the reinforcement structure (2) is connected to the underside of the first base structure (1),
- the reinforcement structure (2) comprises pairs of facing mobile carriages (24), which clasp to several piles constituting the static base (6), said mobile carriages constituting the means of anchoring (3) to the piles.
- a framework of lengthwise elements (21) upon which flat crosswise elements (22) are placed,
- a flat horizontal board (23) placed upon the flat crosswise elements (22),
- at least one passive float (4) and at least one active float (5), placed in the central area of the base structure (1) and fastened to it by the bottom face of the base structure (1).
- a structure made up of a lattice of bars (24') and a front part that matches the geometry of the pile to be clasped,
- threaded vertical bars (13') coaxial to several tubes (33), on which nuts (32) are mounted, located on the lower segment of the threaded vertical bars (13'),
- horizontal tie bars (36) that help the mobile carriages to be joined to one another (24) forming a clasp around the pile,
- mechanisms (34) threaded onto the threaded vertical bars (13'), placed on the upper segment of the latter, which butt up against the mass of hardened concrete (35) and make it possible to subsequently loosen the nuts (32).
- the base structure (1) is situated below the reinforcement structure (2),
- the reinforcement structure (2) comprises at least two bridges, which rest, through their ends upon the static base (6),
- lengthwise braces (37) and other diagonal braces (38) that join the central segments to the bridges (7'),
- means of guiding and moving (40) the bridges (7') crosswise, in combination with guide paths (39) upon which the bridges (7') are directed during their installation, said guide paths (39) resting on the static base (6),
- means of raising and lowering (12) the base structure (1) that are linked to the reinforcement structure (2).
- flat modules (46) for securing the mass of concrete (35),
- passive floats (4) fastened to the bottom face of the flat modules (46),
- a set of metal beams (47) situated on the underside that provide support to the flat modules (46),
- crosswise-moving end carriages (41) where vertically movable supports (42) containing several wheels (43) that are directed along the guide paths, to which end carriages (41) are connected to, said end carriages (41) being part of the bridges (7').
- the base structure (1) is situated above the reinforcement structure (2),
- length-adjustable beams (55) are supported on several conventional wedge jacks (54), inserted into several windows (60) made in the static base (6), thus holding the reinforcement structure (2) and with it the base structure (1).
- the adjustable beam (56) that rests on the static base (6) by means of the wedge jacks (54) and on which the base structure rests (1),
- a lower horizontal beam (57),
- at least three vertical beams (58) that join the adjustable beam (56) to the lower horizontal beam (57),
- diagonal beams (59) which join the adjustable beam (55) to the lower horizontal beam (57), whereby the assemblage joints of the vertical beams (58) and the diagonal beams (59) are located in the lower horizontal beam (57).