Gas burner having a servo gas system with a hydraulic Wheatstone-bridge controlling an electric fuel supply valve, and method of operating such a gas burner

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a gas burner having a servo gas system and to a method for operating such a gas burner.

[0002] A gas burner comprises a burner chamber for combusting a gas/air mixture. A gas burner further comprises an air duct providing an air flow to the burner chamber and a gas duct providing a gas flow to the burner chamber. A Gas burner further comprises a fan and preferably an air valve positioned within the air duct. A Gas burner further comprises a gas valve and a pressure regulating valve positioned within the gas duct. A controller of the gas burner controls the gas/air mixture provided to the burner chamber by adjusting the air valve and the gas valve or by adjusting the fan and the gas valve. According to a first alternative, the controller adjusts at a defined speed of the fan the position of the air valve and the position of the gas valve on basis of a valve position relationship stored in the controller. According to a second alternative, e.g. when no air valve is present in the air duct, the controller adjusts at the speed of the fan and the position of the gas valve on basis of a fan speed - gas valve position relationship stored in the controller. The valve position relationship or the fan speed - gas valve position relationship stored in the controller is valid for a constant pressure difference between the pressure in the burner chamber and a gas pressure in the gas duct upstream of the gas valve. The pressure regulation valve positioned in the gas duct controls this gas pressure upstream of the gas valve in order to keep the said pressure difference constant. For the time being, the pressure regulation valve is controlled fully pneumatically to keep said pressure difference constant. However, with such a fully pneumatically controlled pressure regulation valve it is not possible to provide a simple, reliable and fail-safe control of said pressure difference.

[0003] WO 2006/075864 A1 discloses a gas burner having a servo gas system according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0004] Against this background, a gas burner having a servo gas system and a method for operating such a gas burner are provided.

[0005] The present invention provides a gas burner according to claim 1.

[0006] The gas burner provides a simple, reliable and failsafe control of the gas pressure within the gas duct and thereby of the pressure difference between the pressure in the burner chamber of the gas burner and said gas pressure within the gas duct.

[0007] The present invention avoids problems associated with a fully pneumatically controlled pressure regulation valve. It is possible to avoid oscillation effects being present when a fully pneumatically controlled pressure regulation valve is used. Further on, the pressure regulation valve controlled by the servo gas system can be operated in a boarder range than a fully pneumatically controlled pressure regulation valve. When using the invention it is not necessary that an installer changes springs in the field before the correct setting for the pressure regulation valve can be found. As a result, a source of many errors can be eliminated.

[0008] The static servo gas flow branch comprises a first flow restricting device and downstream of the first flow restricting device a second flow restricting device, thereby providing a first pressure zone upstream of the first flow restricting device in which the gas pressure to be controlled is present, a second pressure zone downstream of the second flow restricting device in which the pressure of the pressure of the burner chamber is present, and an intermediate pressure zone.

[0009] The dynamic gas flow branch comprises a pressure regulator and downstream of the pressure regulator a third flow restricting device, thereby providing a first pressure zone upstream of the pressure regulator in which the gas pressure to be controlled is present, a second pressure zone downstream of the third flow restricting device in which the pressure of the burner chamber is present, and another intermediate pressure zone.

[0010] The first pressure zone of the static servo gas flow branch is connected to the first pressure zone of the dynamic servo gas flow branch. The second pressure zone of the static servo gas flow branch is connected to the second pressure zone of the dynamic servo gas flow branch.

[0011] The flow sensing element is connected between the intermediate pressure zone of the static servo gas flow branch and the intermediate pressure zone of the dynamic servo gas flow branch. This design is simple, reliable and failsafe.

[0012] Preferably, the first flow restricting device and the second flow restricting device of the static servo gas flow branch are both fixed flow restricting devices. This alternative would be very simple and reliable. Alternatively, one of said flow restricting devices is fixed and the other of said flow restricting devices is adjustable. With this alternative it is possible to adjust the pressure ratio between the pressures in the three pressure zones of the static servo gas flow branch. The third flow restricting device is a fixed or an adjustable flow restricting device.

[0013] The Method for operating a gas burner is defined in claim 13.

[0014] Preferred developments of the invention are provided by the dependent claims and the description which follows. Exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail on the basis of the drawings, in which:

Figure 1

shows a schematic view of a gas burner according to the present application having a servo gas system; and

Figure 2

shows a schematic drawing of the pressure regulator of the servo gas system.

[0015] Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a gas burner 10 according to the present application having a servo gas system 11.

[0016] The gas burner 10 comprises a burner chamber 12 for combusting a gas/air mixture. The gas/air mixture provided to the burner chamber 12 has a defined mixing ratio of gas and air and is provided by mixing an air flow 13 with a gas flow 14. A pressure P1 is present in the burner chamber 12. The burner chamber 12 is also often called combustion chamber.

[0017] The air flow 13 is provided by an air duct 15. An air valve 16 and a fan 17 are both positioned within the air duct 15 of the gas burner 10. The air flow 13 depends on the position of the air valve 16 and on the speed of the fan 17. Preferably, the air valve 16 is provided by a so-called butterfly valve, wherein in the shown embodiment the fan 17 is positioned downstream of the air valve 16. However, it is also possible that the fan 17 is positioned upstream of the air valve 16. It is also possible to regulate the air flow without the air valve 16, namely by varying the speed of the fan 17.

[0018] In the shown embodiment, upstream of the air valve 16 the air duct is connected to the ambient so that ambient pressure P2 is present upstream of the air valve 16. Downstream of the air valve 16 and upstream of the fan 17 a pressure P3 is present. Downstream of the fan 17 a pressure P4 is present. A baffle plate 40 is positioned between the fan 17 and the burner chamber 12 providing a further flow restriction for the air flow 13.

[0019] The gas flow 14 is provided by a gas duct 18. A gas valve 19 and a pressure regulation valve 20 are both positioned within a gas duct 18 of the gas burner 10. The gas flow 14 depends on the position of the gas valve 19. The gas valve 19 is also often called fuel valve. The gas valve 19 is positioned downstream of the pressure regulation valve 20.

[0020] In the shown embodiment, two safety valves 21, 22 are positioned within the gas duct 18. A first safety shut-off valve 21 is connected between a gas supply and the pressure regulation valve 20, whereby a gas supply pressure P5 is present upstream of the first safety shut-off valve 21.

[0021] A second safety shut-off valve 21 is connected between the pressure regulation valve 20 and the gas valve 19, whereby a pressure P6 is present downstream of the pressure regulation valve 20, and whereby a pressure P7 is present downstream of the gas valve 19. A burner orifice 23 is positioned between the gas valve 19 and the burner chamber 12 providing a further flow restriction of the gas flow 14.

[0022] It is also possible to position the pressure regulator valve 20 downstream of second safety shutoff valve 22 and upstream of gas valve 19. In that case the pressure downstream of pressure regulation valve 20 and upstream of gas valve 19 will be regulated by the pressure regulation valve 20.

[0023] The defined mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture is controlled by a controller 24.

[0024] In the shown embodiment, the controller 24 controls the mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture in such a way that a regulating unit 26 of the controller 24 adjusts for a defined speed of the fan 17, which is usually running at maximum fan speed, the position of the air valve 16 and the position of the gas valve 19 on basis of a valve position relationship stored in a burner management unit 25 of the controller 24. An activation/deactivation unit 27 of the controller 24 is adapted to switch on/off the safety valves 21, 22 and the fan 17.

[0025] The valve position relationship between the valve position of the air valve 17 and the valve position of the gas valve 19 which is stored in the burner management unit 25 of the controller 24 and which is used to control the defined mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture is only valid if the gas pressure P6 or the pressure difference between the burner chamber pressure P1 and the gas pressure P6 is at a constant level. The pressure regulation valve 20 is used to keep the gas pressure P6 and thereby the pressure difference between the burner chamber pressure P1 and the gas pressure P6 is at a constant level.

[0026] As mentioned above, it is also possible to regulate the air flow without the air valve 16, namely by varying the speed of the fan 17. In this case the controller 24 controls the mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture in such a way that a regulating unit 26 of the controller 24 adjusts the speed of the fan 17 and the position of the gas valve 19 on basis of a fan speed - gas valve position relationship stored in a burner management unit 25 of the controller 24.

[0027] According to the present invention, the servo gas system 11 is used for controlling the pressure regulation valve 20 positioned in a gas duct 18 of the gas burner 10, thereby controlling the gas pressure P6 within the gas duct 18 being present downstream of the pressure regulation valve 20 and thereby controlling the pressure difference between the burner chamber pressure P1 and said gas pressure P6.

[0028] The servo gas system 11 comprises a static servo gas flow branch 28 and a dynamic servo gas flow branch 29 being connected in parallel.

[0029] The servo gas system 11 comprises further a flow sensing element 30 being connected between the static servo gas flow branch 28 and the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29. The flow sensing element 30 provides a signal used to control the pressure regulation valve 20 by an electric actuator 41 of the pressure regulation valve 20. The electric actuator 41 is preferably provided by a stepper motor.

[0030] The servo gas system 11 uses a servo gas flow branched off from the main gas flow of the gas duct 16 downstream of the pressure regulation valve 20 and which is fed to the combustion chamber 12.

[0031] In the shown embodiment, a third safety shut-off valve 31 operated through activation/deactivation unit 27 of the controller 24 can be used to shut off the servo gas flow thorough servo gas system 11. In case that the pressure regulation valve 20 is positioned downstream of second safety shutoff valve22 there is no need for such a third safety shut-off valve 31 in the servo gas system 11.

[0032] The static servo gas flow branch 28 is provided by a tube comprising a first flow restricting device 32 and downstream of the first flow restricting device 32 a second flow restricting device 33 thereby providing three pressure zones 34, 35, 36. A first pressure zone 34 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 is provided upstream of the first flow restricting device 32, wherein the gas pressure P6 to be controlled by the pressure regulating valve 20 is present in the first pressure zone 34. A second pressure zone 35 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 is provided downstream of the second flow restricting device 33, wherein the pressure P1 of the burner chamber 12 is present in the second pressure zone 35. An intermediate pressure zone 36 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 is provided between the two flow restricting devices 32, 33, wherein an intermediate pressure P8 is present in said intermediate pressure zone 36.

[0033] In the shown embodiment, the first flow restricting device 32 and the second flow restricting device 33 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 are both fixed flow restricting devices, preferably fixed orifices. This alternative is very simple and reliable.

[0034] Alternatively, the first flow restricting device 32 or the second flow restricting device 33 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 is an adjustable flow restricting device while the other flow restricting device of the static servo gas flow branch 28 is a fixed flow restricting devices. In this alternative it is preferred that the second flow restricting device 33 is an adjustable flow restricting device, preferably an adjustable orifice, while the first flow restricting device 32 is a fixed flow restricting device, preferably a fixed orifice. With this alternative it is possible to adjust the pressure ratio between the pressures in the three pressure zones of the static servo gas flow branch.

[0035] The dynamic gas flow branch 29 is preferably provided by a tube comprising a pressure regulator 37 and downstream of the pressure regulator 37 a third flow restricting device 38 thereby providing three pressure zones 34, 35, 39. A first pressure zone 34 of the dynamic gas flow branch 29 is provided upstream of the pressure regulator 37, wherein the first pressure zone 34 of the dynamic gas flow branch 29 is connected to the first pressure zone 34 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 so that the same pressure P6 is present within the same. A second pressure zone 35 of the dynamic gas flow branch 29 is provided downstream of the third flow restricting device 38, wherein the second pressure zone 35 of the dynamic gas flow branch 29 is connected to the second pressure zone 35 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 so that the same pressure P1 is present within the same. An intermediate pressure zone 39 of the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29 is provided between the pressure regulator 37 and the third flow restricting device 38, wherein an intermediate pressure P9 is present in said intermediate pressure zone 39. The relation between the pressures P6, P9 and P1 is variable and depends on the pressure regulator 37.

[0036] The third flow restricting device 38 is a fixed flow restricting device, preferably a fixed orifice.

[0037] Alternatively, the third flow restricting device 38 is an adjustable flow restricting device, preferably an adjustable orifice. This would allow fine tuning of the servo gas system 10.

[0038] The flow sensing element 30 is connected between the intermediate pressure zone 36 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 and the intermediate pressure zone 39 of the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29. The flow sensing element 30 is preferably positioned in a tube connecting the intermediate pressure zone 36 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 and the intermediate pressure zone 39 of the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29.

[0039] It is possible that another flow restricting device like an orifice (not shown) is connected in series to the flow sensing element 30 and thereby between the intermediate pressure zone 36 of the static servo gas flow branch 28 and the intermediate pressure zone 39 of the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29. Said flow restricting device, e.g. said orifice, can be positioned upstream or downstream of said flow sensing element 30. Said flow restricting device can be used to influence the sensing behaviour of the flow sensing element 30 e.g. by influencing damping characteristics of the flow sensing element 30.and/or influencing the sensing range of the flow sensing element 30.

[0040] The pressure regulator 37 of the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29, which is preferably a pneumatic pressure regulator, is connected to the pressures P6 and P9 and further to a reference pressure P10 present in reference pressure zone.

[0041] The reference pressure P10 can depend from the ambient pressure P2 or to the burner chamber pressure P1.

[0042] Preferably, the reference pressure P10 depends from the burner chamber pressure P1 by connecting the pressure regulator 37 and the burner chamber 10 through a pressure feedback duct (not shown). In this case the reference pressure P10 equals the sum of the burner chamber pressure P1 and the pressure resulting from a force provided by spring of the pressure regulator 37 acting on a membrane of the same. Figure 2 shows a schematic drawing of the pressure regulator 37 having a membrane 42 and a spring 43, whereby the pressure P1 and the force provided by the spring 43 act on one side of the membrane 42 and the pressures P9 and P6 act on the other side of the membrane 42. Considering that the membrane area 44 which is subject to the pressure P6 is relative small compared to the membrane area 45 which is subject to the pressure P9, the following equation is valid for the pressure P10 = P1 + force of spring 43 / Size of membrane area 45. The spring force spring 43 can be adjusted by a screw (not shown) acting on the spring 43.

[0043] The servo gas system 11 is in equilibrium when the flow sensing element 30 senses zero flow. When the servo regulation system is in equilibrium, the relation between the pressures P6, P8 and P1 is a fixed value. In this case the pressures P8 and P9 are the same (P8=P9).

[0044] When the gas pressure P6 to be controlled by the pressure regulating valve 20 changes, the pressure P8 in the intermediate pressure zone 36 of static servo gas flow branch 28, the pressure P9 in the intermediate pressure zone 39 of static dynamic gas flow branch 29 and the position of the pressure regulator 37 are subject to changes.

[0045] As a result, the servo gas system 11 is out of equilibrium and the flow sensing element 30 senses a flow being different from zero. The flow sensing element 30 then provides a signal to adjust the pressure regulation valve 20 thorough the electric actuator 41, which adjusts the flow restriction in the gas duct 18 and hence the regulated pressure P6 in the gas duct 18.

[0046] When the servo gas system 11 is out of equilibrium under the condition that the pressure P9 is larger than the pressure P10 (P9>P10), the flow resistance of the pressure regulator 37 has decreased compared to the flow resistance of the same in equilibrium. If for example the pressure regulator 37 is fully opened, the flow resistance of the same is relatively low so that mainly the entire servo gas flow of the servo gas flow system 11 flows through the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29. It this case P9 corresponds approximately to P6 (P9∼P6), the pressure P8 is smaller than the pressure P6 (P8<P6), the pressure P8 is smaller than the pressure P9 (P8<P9) and the pressure P8 is larger than the pressure P10 (P8>P10), so that the flow sensing element detects a gas flow through the same and generates a signal to adjust the pressure regulating valve in the closing direction thereby decreasing the pressure P6. P9 will decrese relatively more than P8 thereby approaching equilibrium.

[0047] When the servo gas system 11 is out of equilibrium under the condition that the pressure P9 is smaller than the pressure P10 (P9<P10), the flow resistance of the pressure regulator 37 has increased compared to the flow resistance of the same in equilibrium. If for example the pressure regulator 37 is fully closed, the flow resistance of the same is relatively high so that mainly the entire servo gas flow of the servo gas flow system 11 flows through the static servo gas flow branch 28. It this case P9 the pressure P8 is smaller than the pressure P6 (P8<P6), the pressure P9 is smaller than the pressure P8 (P9<P8) and the pressure P8 is smaller than the pressure P10 (P8<P10), so that the flow sensor detects a gas flow through the same and generates a signal to adjust the pressure regulating valve in the opening direction thereby increasing the pressure P6. P8 will decrease relatively more than P9 thereby approaching equilibrium.

[0048] Any situation between fully closed pressure regulator 37 and fully opened pressure regulator 37 can occur.

[0049] In both scenarios in which the servo gas system 11 is out of equilibrium, the pressures P1 and P6 will not be significantly affected by the servo gas flow though one of the branches 28, 29 of the servo gas system 11. The Servo gas flow through the branches 28, 29 is relatively small compared to main gas flow 14. So, upstream pressure P6 and downstream pressure P1 of the branches 28, 29 will not be significantly affected by the servo gas flow.

[0050] The pressure regulator 37 has a flow resistance depending mainly on the pressure P9 downstream of the same. The flow resistance of the pressure regulator 37 is dynamic while the flow resistances of the flow restricting devices being preferably orifices 32, 33, 38 are static.

[0051] It is possible that another flow restricting device like an orifice (not shown) is positioned in series to the pressure regulator 37, either upstream of the pressure regulator 37 in the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29 or downstream of the pressure regulator 37 in the dynamic servo gas flow branch 29 but upstream from the tube in which the flow sensing element 30 is positioned. Said flow restricting device, e.g. said orifice, can be used to influence the behaviour of the pressure regulator 37, e.g. my making the regulation behaviour of the same more or less aggressive.

[0052] The invention makes it possible to regulate a constant gas pressure P6 with the flow sensing element 30 and with the electric actuator 41 for the pressure regulation valve 20 in a reliable, simple and fail-safe way.

[0053] The invention decouples the control of the defined mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture from pressure surges feedback, due to ignition expansion, from the burner chamber 12 during burner start up. Start-up performance of the gas burner can be improved with the invention.

[0054] The flow sensing element 30 is used around zero flow accurate and fail-safe. The servo gas system 11 comprises parts like tubes and orifices which are fail-safe. Check and calibration of the flow sensing element 30 is possible during operation.

List of reference signs

[0055] 

10

gas burner

11

servo gas system

12

burner chamber

13

air flow

14

gas flow

15

air duct

16

air valve

17

fan

18

gas duct

19

gas valve

20

pressure regulating valve

21

safety valve

22

safety valve

23

burner orifice

24

controller

25

burner management unit

26

regulating unit

27

activation/deactivation unit

28

static servo gas flow branch

29

dynamic servo gas flow branch

30

flow sensing element

31

safety valve

32

flow restricting device

33

flow restricting device

34

pressure zone

35

pressure zone

36

pressure zone

37

pressure regulator

38

flow restricting device

39

pressure zone

40

burner orifice

41

electric actuator

42

membrane

43

spring

44

membrane area

45

membrane area

Claims

1. Gas burner (10) comprising a servo gas system (11) for controlling a pressure regulation valve (20) positioned in a gas duct (18) of the gas burner, thereby controlling a gas pressure (P6) within the gas duct (18) being present downstream of the pressure regulation valve (20) and thereby controlling a pressure difference between a pressure (P1) in a burner chamber (12) of the gas burner and said gas pressure (P6) within the gas duct (18), the servo gas system (11) comprising

a static servo gas flow branch (28) and a dynamic servo gas flow branch (29) being connected in parallel,

a flow sensing element (30) being connected between the static servo gas flow branch (28) and the dynamic servo gas flow branch (29) and providing a signal used to control the pressure regulation valve (20) by an electric actuator (41),

characterized in that

the static servo gas flow branch (28) comprises a first flow restricting device (32) and downstream of the first flow restricting device (32) a second flow restricting device (33) thereby providing a first pressure zone (34) upstream of the first flow restricting device (32) in which the gas pressure (P6) to be controlled is present, a second pressure zone (35) downstream of the second flow restricting device (33) in which the pressure (P1) of the burner chamber is present, and an intermediate pressure zone (36);

the dynamic gas flow branch (29) comprises a pressure regulator (37) and downstream of the pressure regulator (37) a third flow restricting device (38) thereby providing a first pressure zone (34) upstream of the pressure regulator (37) in which the gas pressure (P6) to be controlled is present, a second pressure zone (35) downstream of the third flow restricting device (38) in which the pressure (P1) of the burner chamber (12) is present, and an intermediate pressure zone (39);

the flow sensing element (30) is connected between the intermediate pressure zone (36) of the static servo gas flow branch (28) and the intermediate pressure zone (39) of the dynamic servo gas flow branch (29).

2. Gas burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first flow restricting device (32) and the second flow restricting device (33) of the static servo gas flow branch (28) are both fixed flow restricting devices, preferably fixed orifices.

3. Gas burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first flow restricting device (32) or the second flow restricting device (33) of the static servo gas flow branch (28) is an adjustable flow restricting device, preferably an adjustable orifice, while the other flow restricting device of the static servo gas flow branch (28) is a fixed flow restricting device, preferably a fixed orifice.

4. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the third flow restricting device (38) is a fixed flow restricting device, preferably a fixed orifice.

5. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the third flow restricting device (38) is an adjustable flow restricting device, preferably an adjustable orifice.

6. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first pressure zone (34) of the static servo gas flow branch (28) is connected to the first pressure zone (34) of the dynamic servo gas flow branch (29) so that the same pressure is present within the same.

7. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second pressure zone (25) of the static servo gas flow branch is connected to the second pressure zone (25) of the dynamic servo gas flow branch so that the same pressure is present within the same.

8. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1-7, characterized in that another flow restricting device, preferably another orifice, is connected in series to the flow sensing element (30).

9. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pressure regulator (37) of the dynamic servo gas flow branch (29) is further connected to a reference pressure.

10. Gas burner as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that another flow restricting device, preferably another orifice, is connected in series to the pressure regulator (37).

11. Gas burner (10) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, having the burner chamber (12) for combusting a gas/air mixture, having a fan (17) and an air valve (16) both positioned within an air duct (15), wherein the air duct (15) provides an air flow to the burner chamber (12), having a gas valve (19) positioned within the gas duct (18), wherein the gas duct (18) provides a gas flow to the burner chamber (12), having a controller (24) for controlling the gas/air mixture provided to the burner chamber (12) by adjusting the air valve (16) and the gas valve (19), and having the pressure regulation valve (20) positioned in the gas duct (18) for controlling the gas pressure (P6) within the gas duct (18) being present upstream of the gas valve (19) and downstream of the pressure regulation valve (20).

12. Gas burner (10) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 10, having the burner chamber (12) for combusting a gas/air mixture, having a fan (17) positioned within an air duct (15), wherein the air duct (15) provides an air flow to the burner chamber (12), having a gas valve (19) positioned within the gas duct (18), wherein the gas duct (18) provides a gas flow to the burner chamber (12), having a controller (24) for controlling the gas/air mixture provided to the burner chamber (12) by adjusting the fan (17) and the gas valve (19), and having the pressure regulation valve (20) positioned in the gas duct (18) for controlling the gas pressure (P6) within the gas duct (18) being present upstream of the gas valve (19) and downstream of the pressure regulation valve (20).

13. Method for operating a gas burner (10) as claimed in one of claims 1-10, wherein during burner-on phases a gas/air mixture having a defined mixing ratio of gas and air is provided to the burner chamber (12) of the gas burner (10) for combusting the gas/air mixture within the burner chamber (12), wherein the gas/air mixture is provided by mixing an air flow with a gas flow, wherein the air flow depends on the speed a fan (17) positioned in an air duct (15) and preferably on the position of an air valve (16) positioned in an air duct, wherein the gas flow depends on the position of a gas valve (19) positioned in the gas duct (18), wherein the defined mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture is controlled in such a way that a controller (24) adjusts for a defined speed of the fan (17) the position of the air valve (16) and the position of the gas valve (19) on basis of a valve position relationship stored in the controller (24) or wherein the defined mixing ratio of the gas/air mixture is controlled in such a way that a controller (24) adjusts the speed of the fan (17) and the position of the gas valve (19) on basis of a fan speed - gas valve position relationship stored in the controller (24), and wherein the gas pressure (P6) within the gas duct (18) being present upstream of the gas valve (19) is controlled by the pressure regulation valve positioned (20) in the gas duct (18).

Ansprüche

1. Gasbrenner (10), umfassend ein Servogassystem (11) zum Steuern bzw. Regeln eines Druckregelventils (20), das in einem Gaskanal (18) des Gasbrenners positioniert ist, wodurch ein in dem Gaskanal (18) stromabwärts von dem Druckregelventil (20) vorhandener Gasdruck (P6) gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird und wodurch eine Druckdifferenz zwischen einem Druck (P1) in einer Brennerkammer (12) des Gasbrenners und dem Gasdruck (P6) in dem Gaskanal (18) gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird, wobei das Servogassystem (11) Folgendes umfasst:

einen einen statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweig (28) und einen einen dynamischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweig (29), die parallel geschaltet sind,

einen Durchflussfühler (30), der zwischen dem den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweig (28) und dem den dynamischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweig (29) geschaltet ist und ein Signal liefert, das der Steuerung bzw. Regelung des Druckregelventils (20) durch einen elektrischen Stellantrieb (41) dient,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

der den statischen Servogasstrom führende Zweig (28) eine erste Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (32) und stromabwärts von der ersten Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (32) eine zweite Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (33) umfasst und dadurch einen ersten Druckbereich (34) stromaufwärts von der ersten Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (32), in dem der zu steuernde bzw. zu regelnde Gasdruck (P6) vorliegt, einen zweiten Druckbereich (35) stromabwärts von der zweiten Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (33), in dem der Druck (P1) der Brennerkammer vorliegt, und einen zwischenliegenden Druckbereich (36) bereitstellt,

der den dynamischen Gasstrom führende Zweig (29) einen Druckregler (37) und stromabwärts von dem Druckregler (37) eine dritte Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (38) umfasst und dadurch einen ersten Druckbereich (34) stromaufwärts von dem Druckregler (37), in dem der zu steuernde bzw. zu regelnde Gasdruck (P6) vorliegt, einen zweiten Druckbereich (35) stromabwärts von der dritten Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (38), in dem der Druck (P1) der Brennerkammer (12) vorliegt, und einen zwischenliegenden Druckbereich (39) bereitstellt,

der Durchflussfühler (30) zwischen dem zwischenliegenden Druckbereich (36) des den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (28) und dem zwischenliegenden Druckbereich (39) des den dynamischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (29) geschaltet ist.

2. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (32) und die zweite Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (33) des den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (28) beide feste Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtungen, vorzugsweise feste Blenden, sind.

3. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (32) oder die zweite Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (33) des den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (28) eine einstellbare Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise eine einstellbare Blende, ist, während die andere Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung des den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (28) eine feste Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise eine feste Blende, ist.

4. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (38) eine feste Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise eine feste Blende, ist.

5. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die dritte Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung (38) eine einstellbare Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise eine einstellbare Blende, ist.

6. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Druckbereich (34) des den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (28) mit dem ersten Druckbereich (34) des den dynamischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (29) verbunden ist, so dass der gleiche Druck in denselben vorliegt.

7. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Druckbereich (25) des den statischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs mit dem zweiten Druckbereich (25) des den dynamischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs verbunden ist, so dass der gleiche Druck in denselben vorliegt.

8. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitere Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise eine weitere Blende, mit dem Durchflussfühler (30) in Reihe geschaltet ist.

9. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckregler (37) des den dynamischen Servogasstrom führenden Zweigs (29) ferner mit einem Referenzdruck verbunden ist.

10. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitere Durchflussbegrenzungsvorrichtung, vorzugsweise eine weitere Blende, mit dem Druckregler (37) in Reihe geschaltet ist.

11. Gasbrenner (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, aufweisend die Brennerkammer (12) zum Verbrennen einer Gas-Luft-Mischung, aufweisend einen Lüfter (17) und ein Luftventil (16), die beide in einem Luftkanal (15) positioniert sind, wobei der Luftkanal (15) einen Luftstrom zu der Brennerkammer (12) leitet, aufweisend ein Gasventil (19), das in dem Gaskanal (18) positioniert ist, wobei der Gaskanal (18) einen Gasstrom zu der Brennerkammer (12) leitet, aufweisend eine Steuereinrichtung (24) zum Steuern bzw. Regeln der zu der Brennerkammer (12) geleiteten Gas-Luft-Mischung durch Einstellen des Luftventils (16) und des Gasventils (19) und aufweisend das in dem Gaskanal (18) positionierte Druckregelventil (20) zum Steuern bzw. Regeln des in dem Gaskanal (18) stromaufwärts von dem Gasventil (19) und stromabwärts von dem Druckregelventil (20) vorliegenden Gasdrucks (P6).

12. Gasbrenner (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, aufweisend die Brennerkammer (12) zum Verbrennen einer Gas-Luft-Mischung, aufweisend einen Lüfter (17), der in einem Luftkanal (15) positioniert ist, wobei der Luftkanal (15) einen Luftstrom zu der Brennerkammer (12) leitet, aufweisend ein Gasventil (19), das in dem Gaskanal (18) positioniert ist, wobei der Gaskanal (18) einen Gasstrom zu der Brennerkammer (12) leitet, aufweisend eine Steuereinrichtung (24) zum Steuern bzw. Regeln der zu der Brennerkammer (12) geleiteten Gas-Luft-Mischung durch Einstellen des Lüfters (17) und des Gasventils (19) und aufweisend das in dem Gaskanal (18) positionierte Druckregelventil (20) zum Steuern bzw. Regeln des in dem Gaskanal (18) stromaufwärts von dem Gasventil (19) und stromabwärts von dem Druckregelventil (20) vorliegenden Gasdrucks (P6).

13. Verfahren zum Steuern bzw. Regeln eines Gasbrenners (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei in den Einschaltphasen des Brenners eine Gas-Luft-Mischung, die ein festgelegtes Mischungsverhältnis von Gas und Luft aufweist, zu der Brennerkammer (12) des Gasbrenners (10) zum Verbrennen der Gas-Luft-Mischung in der Brennerkammer (12) geleitet wird, wobei die Gas-Luft-Mischung durch Mischen eines Luftstroms mit einem Gasstrom bereitgestellt wird, wobei der Luftstrom von der Geschwindigkeit eines in einem Luftkanal (15) positionierten Lüfters (17) und vorzugsweise von der Position eines in einem Luftkanal positionierten Luftventils (16) abhängig ist, wobei der Gasstrom von der Position eines in dem Gaskanal (18) positionierten Gasventils (19) abhängig ist, wobei das festgelegte Mischungsverhältnis der Gas-Luft-Mischung auf eine solche Weise gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird, dass eine Steuereinrichtung (24) für eine festgelegte Geschwindigkeit des Lüfters (17) die Position des Luftventils (16) und die Position des Gasventils (19) auf Grundlage einer in der Steuereinrichtung (24) gespeicherten Ventilpositionsbeziehung einstellt, oder wobei das festgelegte Mischungsverhältnis der Gas-Luft-Mischung auf eine solche Weise gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird, dass eine Steuereinrichtung (24) die Geschwindigkeit des Lüfters (17) und die Position des Gasventils (19) auf Grundlage einer in der Steuereinrichtung (24) gespeicherten Beziehung zwischen der Lüftergeschwindigkeit und der Gasventilposition einstellt, und wobei der in dem Gaskanal (18) stromaufwärts von dem Gasventil (19) vorliegende Gasdruck (P6) durch das in dem Gaskanal (18) positionierte Druckregelventil (20) gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird.

Revendications

1. Brûleur (10) à gaz comportant un système asservi (11) à gaz servant à commander une soupape (20) de régulation de pression positionnée dans un conduit (18) de gaz du brûleur à gaz, commandant ainsi une pression (P6) de gaz qui règne à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz en aval de la soupape (20) de régulation de pression et commandant ainsi une différence de pression entre une pression (P1) dans une chambre (12) de brûleur du brûleur à gaz et ladite pression (P6) de gaz à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz, le système asservi (11) à gaz comportant

une branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz et une branche asservie dynamique (29) de débit de gaz qui sont raccordées en parallèle,

un élément (30) de détection de débit raccordé entre la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz et la branche asservie dynamique (29) de débit de gaz et fournissant un signal utilisé pour faire commander la soupape (20) de régulation de pression par un actionneur électrique (41),

caractérisé en ce que

la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz comporte un premier dispositif limiteur (32) de débit et, en aval du premier dispositif limiteur (32) de débit un deuxième dispositif limiteur (33) de débit, créant ainsi une première zone (34) de pression en amont du premier dispositif limiteur (32) de débit dans laquelle règne la pression (P6) de gaz à commander, une deuxième zone (35) de pression en aval du deuxième dispositif limiteur (33) de débit dans laquelle règne la pression (P1) de la chambre de brûleur, et une zone (36) de pression intermédiaire ;

la branche dynamique (29) de débit de gaz comporte un régulateur (37) de pression et, en aval du régulateur (37) de pression un troisième dispositif limiteur (38) de débit, créant ainsi une première zone (34) de pression en amont du régulateur (37) de pression dans laquelle règne la pression (P6) de gaz à commander, une deuxième zone (35) de pression en aval du troisième dispositif limiteur (38) de débit dans laquelle règne la pression (P1) de la chambre (12) de brûleur, et une zone (39) de pression intermédiaire ;

l'élément (30) de détection de débit est raccordé entre la zone (36) de pression intermédiaire de la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz et la zone (39) de pression intermédiaire de la branche asservie dynamique (29) de débit de gaz.

2. Brûleur à gaz selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier dispositif limiteur (32) de débit et le deuxième dispositif limiteur (33) de débit de la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz sont tous deux des dispositifs limiteurs de débit fixes, de préférence des orifices fixes.

3. Brûleur à gaz selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier dispositif limiteur (32) de débit ou le deuxième dispositif limiteur (33) de débit de la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz est un dispositif limiteur de débit réglable, de préférence un orifice réglable, tandis que l'autre dispositif limiteur de débit de la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz est un dispositif limiteur de débit fixe, de préférence un orifice fixe.

4. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le troisième dispositif limiteur de débit (33) est un dispositif limiteur de débit fixe, de préférence un orifice fixe.

5. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le troisième dispositif limiteur (38) de débit est un dispositif limiteur de débit réglable, de préférence un orifice réglable.

6. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la première zone (34) de pression de la branche asservie statique (28) de débit de gaz est raccordée à la première zone (34) de pression de la branche asservie dynamique (29) de débit de gaz de telle façon que la même pression règne dans celles-ci.

7. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième zone (25) de pression de la branche asservie statique de débit de gaz est raccordée à la deuxième zone (25) de pression de la branche asservie dynamique de débit de gaz de telle façon que la même pression règne dans celles-ci.

8. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre dispositif limiteur de débit, de préférence un autre orifice, est raccordé en série à l'élément (30) de détection de débit.

9. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur (37) de pression de la branche asservie dynamique (29) de débit de gaz est en outre raccordé à une pression de référence.

10. Brûleur à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre dispositif limiteur de débit, de préférence un autre orifice, est raccordé en série au régulateur (37) de pression.

11. Brûleur (10) à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, doté de la chambre (12) de brûleur servant à brûler un mélange gaz/air, comprenant un ventilateur (17) et une vanne (16) d'air tous deux positionnés à l'intérieur d'un conduit (15) d'air, le conduit (15) d'air fournissant un débit d'air à la chambre (12) de brûleur, comprenant une vanne (19) de gaz positionnée à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz, le conduit (18) de gaz fournissant un débit de gaz à la chambre (12) de brûleur, comprenant une commande (24) servant à commander le mélange gaz/air fourni à la chambre (12) de brûleur en réglant la vanne (16) d'air et la vanne (19) de gaz, et comprenant la soupape (20) de régulation de pression positionnée dans le conduit (18) de gaz pour commander la pression (P6) de gaz qui règne à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz en amont de la vanne (19) de gaz et en aval de la soupape (20) de régulation de pression.

12. Brûleur (10) à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, comprenant la chambre (12) de brûleur servant à brûler un mélange gaz/air, comprenant un ventilateur (17) positionné à l'intérieur d'un conduit (15) d'air, le conduit (15) d'air fournissant un débit d'air à la chambre (12) de brûleur, comprenant une vanne (19) de gaz positionnée à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz, le conduit (18) de gaz fournissant un débit de gaz à la chambre (12) de brûleur, comprenant une commande (24) servant à commander le mélange gaz/air fourni à la chambre (12) de brûleur en réglant le ventilateur (17) et la vanne (19) de gaz, et comprenant la soupape (20) de régulation de pression positionnée dans le conduit (18) de gaz pour commander la pression (P6) de gaz qui règne à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz en amont de la vanne (19) de gaz et en aval de la soupape (20) de régulation de pression.

13. Procédé d'exploitation d'un brûleur (10) à gaz selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, pendant les phases d'allumage du brûleur, un mélange gaz/air présentant un rapport de mélange défini de gaz et d'air est fourni à la chambre (12) de brûleur du brûleur (10) à gaz pour brûler le mélange gaz/air à l'intérieur de la chambre (12) de brûleur, le mélange gaz/air étant fourni en mélangeant un débit d'air avec un débit de gaz, le débit d'air dépendant de la vitesse d'un ventilateur (17) positionné dans un conduit (15) d'air et de préférence de la position d'une vanne (16) d'air positionnée dans un conduit d'air, le débit de gaz dépendant de la position d'une vanne (19) de gaz positionnée dans le conduit (18) de gaz, le rapport de mélange défini du mélange gaz/air étant commandé de telle manière qu'une commande (24) règle, pour une vitesse définie du ventilateur (17), la position de la vanne (16) d'air et la position de la vanne (19) de gaz en fonction d'une relation de position de vanne mémorisée dans la commande (24) ou le rapport de mélange défini du mélange gaz/air étant commandé de telle manière qu'une commande (24) règle la vitesse du ventilateur (17) et la position de la vanne (19) de gaz en fonction d'une relation vitesse du ventilateur-position de la vanne de gaz mémorisée dans la commande (24), et la pression (P6) de gaz qui règne à l'intérieur du conduit (18) de gaz en amont de la vanne (19) de gaz étant commandée par la soupape (20) de régulation de pression positionnée dans le conduit (18) de gaz.

Drawing