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(11) | EP 2 933 395 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
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| (54) | CLADDING PANEL AND INSULATED CLADDING SYSTEM |
| (57) The present invention relates to a cladding panel (1) for constructing on a supporting
wall (8) a cladding formed of lining plates (3), whereby the panel comprises a carrying
layer (4) on the one side of which a matrix of rows (2) of lining plates (3), preferably
ceramic plates, in particular clinker plates, is arranged. The present invention also
relates to a cladding system (6) comprising an insulation layer (7) formed of a number
of rectangular prism-shaped insulation plates (71) with inner sides facing a supporting
wall (8) and with outer sides covered with a cladding layer (10) formed of a number
of cladding panels according to the invention.
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[0001] The present invention relates to an elevation panel for constructing on a constructional partition an elevation formed of lining plates. The present invention also relates to an elevation system comprising an insulation layer formed of a number of rectangular prism-shaped insulation plates with inner sides facing a constructional partition and with outer sides covered with an elevation layer formed of a number of lining plates.
[0002] Covering a thermal insulation layer with lining plates is a labour-consuming process, which in the first instance comprises covering a thermal insulation with a reinforcing layer by embedding a reinforcing net into a glue mortar layer. Subsequently the reinforcing layer is preferably additionally fixed to the thermal insulation layer by means of appropriately arranged point fastening elements, most commonly in a form of rawl plug fasteners. In turn lining plates are fixed onto such constructed reinforcing layer by using another layer of glue mortar. In order to obtain a good visual effect the lining plates have to be installed with great accuracy in horizontal rows with equal horizontal distances between the lining plates in the rows as well as with equal vertical distances between the adjacent rows. The final stage comprises filling up the distances between the lining plates with appropriate grout material.
[0003] In order to facilitate and speed up a lining plate installation process, in the state of art insulation plates have been proposed comprising on their front sides various types of aligning recesses/projections designed for aligning lining plates. On such known insulation plates it is not however possible to employ a reinforcing layer between a thermal insulation layer and a lining plate layer, as a reinforcing layer would cover aligning elements, thus limiting the range of usability of such known solutions.
[0004] The object of the present invention has been to provide an alternative solution enabling for speeding up an installation of lining plates.
[0005] In order to accomplish the aforementioned and other objects, according to the present invention it is provided an elevation panel as described at the outset for constructing on a constructional partition an elevation formed of lining plates, that is characterized in that it comprises a carrying layer on the one side of which there is arranged a matrix of rows of lining plates, preferably ceramic plates, in particular clinker plates.
[0006] The carrying layer of the preferred embodiments of the present invention has a form of a net, preferably a fiberglass net, preferably having a surface weight greater than 100 g/m2, and even more preferably greater than 200 g/m2.
[0007] The lining plates are preferably glued to the carrying layer of the panel according to the present invention, preferably by means of acrylic glue based on water, such as for example liquid chloroprene rubber-based dispersion contact-glue, or polymer glue, such as for example epoxy glue. In particular it is preferable to cover the whole surface of a lining plate.
[0008] In the preferred embodiments of the panel according to the present invention, the lining plates in the adjoining rows parallel to each other are dislocated in relation to each other on the longitudinal direction of the panel, and in at least one of the rows from one side the outermost lining plate is dislocated inward relative to the edge of the carrying layer thus exposing an uncovered region on the carrying layer.
[0009] In such embodiments in may be further preferably if the outermost lining plate located in the lining plate row at the opposite side in relation to the carrying layer uncovered region is projected out of the carrying layer forming a projection corresponding to the uncovered region, wherein in the carrying layer the projections of the outermost lining plates and the uncovered regions corresponding thereto exist preferably in every other row of the lining plates.
[0010] The lining plates forming the matrix are preferably distanced from each other substantially at the same distances forming grout gaps.
[0011] In the preferred embodiments of the panel according to the present invention in the carrying layer the apertures for fastening elements are formed in the uncovered regions and/or in the grout gaps, wherein the apertures are preferably surrounded by stiffening flanges located on the same side of the carrying layer as the lining plates.
[0012] The carrying layer of the panel according to the present invention preferably has a form of an angle section forming a corner elevation panel.
[0013] The panel according to the present invention enables for very fast covering various arbitrary constructional surfaces with an elevation formed of lining plates. An installation of lining plates using the panel according to the present invention may be performed by medium-qualified workers; high-qualified and experienced workers are not required such as in case of typical prior art technology of constructing lining plate layer. Leaving uncovered regions of the carrying layer enables for installing fastening elements thereon which couple together the adjoining panels and appropriately aligning the adjoining panels in relation to each other. Thanks to that a layer of lining plates is durable and features a high degree of lining plate arrangement uniformness over the whole area that results in obtaining a supreme visual effect. In an advantageous case, coupling of adjoining panels consists in an installation of lining plate projections of a given panel in the uncovered regions of the carrying layer of the adjoining panels. Additionally uncovered regions constitute convenient areas for fastening a panel to a constructional partition by means of various type of fastening elements, such as for example rawl plug fasteners.
[0014] According to the present invention it is also provided an elevation system as described at the outset comprising an insulation layer formed of a number of rectangular prism-shaped insulation plates with inner sides facing a constructional partition and with outer sides covered with an elevation layer formed of a number of lining plates, that is characterized in that the elevation layer comprises at least one elevation panel according to the present invention.
[0015] In some preferred embodiments of the elevation system according to the present invention said at least one insulation plate is provided on its outer side with longitudinal, horizontal projections parallel to each other, wherein the distance between the two neighboring projections preferably corresponds to the width of the lining plates.
[0016] Said at least one insulation plate preferably comprises developed surfaces and/or mounting recesses between the longitudinal projections, wherein the mounting recesses are additionally preferably provided with aligning depressions.
[0017] The back inner side of said at least one insulation plate of the elevation system according to the present invention is preferably provided with at least one area of a developed surface for improved cementing, preferably of a shape of a band extended substantially parallel relative to the side edge of the insulation plate, preferably located in the vicinity of the periphery of the inner side of the insulation plate.
[0018] In the variants provided with developed surface of the inner side of the insulation plate it may be furthermore advantageous that the first rectangular latticed groove structure comprised of the transverse grooves intersected with the longitudinal grooves and the second rhomboidal latticed groove structure comprised of the right-skewed grooves intersected with the left-skewed grooves are formed in the back inner side of said at least one insulation plate, wherein the intersection points of the grooves of the second rhomboidal latticed groove structure are located in the centers of the sides of the rectangular cells of the first rectangular latticed groove structure, whereas all the grooves extend over the whole inner side of the insulation plate with outlets formed in its lateral sides, and wherein said latticed groove structures are preferably surrounded with external circumferential cutout into which said grooves are opened.
[0019] In the preferred embodiments of the elevation system according to the present invention in the surface of the inner side of said at least one insulation plate at least one mounting groove for the adhesive material is formed.
[0020] According to the present invention it may be furthermore advantageous that said at least one insulation plate has the top and bottom surfaces provided with complementary mounting locks for connecting the neighboring insulation plates, wherein the bottom and top mounting locks in the vicinity of the outer side of the insulation plate has at least one surface that is angled upwards and toward the inner side of the insulation plate, wherein the surfaces are substantially complementary with each other.
[0021] In such embodiments said at least one surface that is angled upwards and toward the inner side of the insulation plate preferably adjoins the outer side of the insulation plate.
[0022] Furthermore it may be preferable that a substantially horizontal surface is formed between said at least one surface angled upwards and toward the inner surface of the insulation plate and the outer side of the insulation plate.
[0023] In the system according to the present invention in case of using insulation plates with the longitudinal projections the carrying layers of elevation panels resist against these longitudinal projections and thanks to that all elevation panels may be installed coplanarly in relation to each other in a simple manner.
[0024] In case of covering the whole inner side of lining plate with glue, the layer of glue constitutes a very advantageous bonding bridge increasing binding force of a lining plate to glue mortar layer.
[0025] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below in connection with the attached drawings on which::
Figs. 1, 2 and 5 present respectively the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the fifth embodiment of an elevation panel according to the present invention in a front view,
Figs. 3, 4 and 6 present respectively the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment and the sixth embodiment of an elevation panel according to the present invention in a perspective view,
Figs. 7, 8, 11, 18, 20 and 21 schematically present the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment, the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment of an elevation panel according to the present invention in a cross-sectional view;
Figs. 9, 10, 12-17, 19 present embodiments of insulation plates of an elevation system according to the present invention.
[0026] The flat elevation panel 1 a according to the present invention presented as presented in Fig. 1 comprises a matrix of intermutually parallel rows 2 of lining plates 3 fastened on a rectangular carrying layer 4a. The lining plates 3 have a form of clinker ceramic plates. The carrying layer 4a has a form of a reinforcing net of high stiffness. For example the carrying layer may be formed of a fiberglass net, preferably having a surface weight equal to or greater than 470 g/m2, preferably having a mesh size of 7.5x7.5 mm, and preferably having tensile strength equal to or greater than 4000 N/50 mm.
[0027] The plates 3 are fixed on the net 4a by means of appropriate adhesive material. A use of two-component epoxy glue may be appropriate for example.
[0028] The lining plates 3 are distanced from each other forming grout gaps 5, wherein the distances d between the plates 3 in the rows 2 equal the distances D between the rows. The grout gaps between the plates 3 are designed to receive grouts 5 after installing the panel 1 on the elevation.
[0029] In the adjoining rows 2 the plates 3 are shifted in the relation to each other in the longitudinal direction of the panel 1 a. The longitudinal direction of the panel 1 is the same as the longitudinal direction of the rows 2 of the plates 3. In the presented embodiment the lining plate shift equals the sum of the half of the lining plate 3 length and the distance d between the plates 3 in a row.
[0030] In every other row of lining plates, at one side the outermost plate 31 extends out of the carrying layer 4a thus forming a projection 311, and at the other side the outermost plate 32 is shifted inwards relative to the transverse edge of the carrying layer 4a thus defining on the carrying layer an uncovered region 41 corresponding to the projection 311 of the opposite outermost plate 31. Apertures 411 for fastening elements are formed on the uncovered areas 41 of the carrying layer 4a.
[0031] In the depicted embodiment all the projections 311 of the outermost plates 31 are located at the same side of the panel 1 a. It is however obvious that projections 311 in different rows 2 may be located at different sides, such as for example demonstrated in the panel 1 b illustrated on the Fig. 2.
[0032] Owing to the arrangement of the projections 311 of the outermost lining plates 31 / the uncovered regions 41 of the carrying layer 4 on the one side of a panel that corresponds to the arrangement of the projections 311 of the outermost lining plated 31 / the uncovered regions 41 of the carrying layer 4 on the opposite side of the panel, the panels according to the present invention may be juxtaposed one next to another onto the longitudinal direction interengaging with each other in such a manner that the projections 311 of one panel cover the uncovered regions 41 of the carrying layer 4 of the adjoining panel.
[0033] Additionally the plates 3 of the outermost top row 2 are projected in the transverse direction out of the longitudinal edge of the carrying layer 4, whereas the outer edges of the plates 3 of the opposite outermost bottom row 2 are shifted inward relative to the bottom edge of the carrying layer 4, thanks to that an engagement in the vertical direction is also achieved between the adjoining rows of panels.
[0034] Fig. 3 presents the third embodiment of the elevation panel 1c according to the present invention, provided with the carrying layer 4c in a form of an angle net section, on the outer surface of which the rows 2 of the lining plates 3 are fixed. Each row 2 comprises two lining plates contacting with each other at the edge of the angle section 4c and comprising one complete intact lining plate 3 located on the surface of the first section arm 4c and one half-piece lining plate 33 located on the surface of the second section arm 4c. In the consecutive rows 2 the half-piece plates 33 are fixed alternately on the first and second arm of the section 4c, in a result of which between the pairs of the adjoining complete intact plates 3 the uncovered regions 41 are formed on the carrying layer 4c limited at the inner sides by the half-piece lining plates 33. The uncovered regions 41 of the carrying layer 4c in the adjoining rows 2 are located at the opposite sides on the longitudinal direction of the panel 1 c. The apertures 411 for fastening elements are formed on the uncovered regions 41.
[0035] Fig. 4 presents the fourth embodiment 1d of an elevation panel according to the present invention. The panel 1 d constitutes a corner panel similar to the panel 1 c of figure Fig. 3, with the difference that on one arm of its angle section in the carrying layer uncovered regions of panel 1c, the panel 1d is additionally provided with the lining plates 31 forming the projections 311 in an analogous manner as in the flat panels 1 a, 1 b of Figs. 1, 2. The projections 311 of the panel 1 d shall be introduced into the uncovered regions of the carrying layer of the adjoining flat panel, such as for example the panel 1 a.
[0036] The fifth elevation panel embodiment 1e as presented in Fig.5 corresponds substantially to the panel 1 a of Fig. 1, wherein the panel 1 e comprises the lining plates 3 forming the matrix that are contacting with one another with all lateral longitudinal edges without the longitudinal grout gaps. Furthermore owing such a compact arrangement of the plates 3 it is possible to employ the carrying layer 4e made of a fiberglass net of smaller surface weight amounting for example 200 g/m2. The elevation plates 3 are glued to the net 4e by means of liquid chloroprene rubber-based dispersion contact-glue covering the whole areas of plates 3.
[0037] In the adjoining rows 2 the plates 3 are dislocated in relation to each other on the longitudinal direction of the panel 1e. The longitudinal direction of the panel 1e is the same as the longitudinal direction of the rows 2 of plates 3. In the presented embodiments the lining plates shift for the adjoining rows equals the half of the lining plate 3 length.
[0038] In every other row 2, at one row side the outermost plate 31 is projected out of the carrying layer 4e forming the projection 311 and at the opposite row side the outermost plate 32 is shifted inward relative to the transverse edge of the carrying layer 4e exposing thereon the uncovered region 41 corresponding to the projection 311 of the opposite outermost plate 31. The apertures 411 for fastening elements are formed on the uncovered regions 41 of the carrying layer 4e, wherein the apertures are surrounded by stiffening flanges 412 located on the same side of the carrying layer 4e as the lining plates 3. The stiffening flanges 412 have a form of rings made of plastic material.
[0039] The sixth elevation panel embodiment 1f as presented in Fig. 6 is a corner panel similar to the panel 1c of Fig. 3. In particular the panel 1f is appropriate to be installed in corners of headers, therefore in Fig. 6 the panel 1f is oriented horizontally positioned in a figuratively depicted header, for example a window header.
[0040] Each row 2 comprises two complete intact clinker lining plates 3 contacting with each other on the edge of the net angle section 4f forming the carrying layer. Therefore in the panel 1f the outer edges of all plates 3 are located on the one common straight line, and the panel comprises no uncovered regions. The rows 2 of the plates 3 are distanced form each other at the distance D thus forming the grout gaps 5.
[0041] In the area of the grout gaps 5 the apertures 411 designed for fastening elements are situated and surrounded with stiffening flanges 412 located partially under the lining plates 3.
[0042] Obviously the panels 1 a and 1 d of Figs. 3 and 4 may be also used in an analogical manner as presented in Fig. 6.
[0043] A possibility of an installation of lining plates on the inner side of a net angle section is also obvious in a manner analogous to the embodiments presented in Figs. 3, 4, 6, thus producing an inner corner elevation panel according to the present invention.
[0044] Furthermore positioning the apertures for fastening elements in the area of the grout gaps and surrounding the apertures with stiffening elements located between lining plates not only in corner elevation panels as illustrated for example in Fig. 6 but also in any other various elevation panels according to the present invention, such as for example the flat panels presented in Figs. 1, 2 and 5, is also obvious.
[0045] The first exemplary embodiment of the elevation system 6a according to the present invention is schematically illustrated in Fig. 7. The elevation system 6a is constructed with a use of elevation panels according to the present invention, wherein the system is particularly suitable for forming a wall elevation on various constructional partitions, in particular, building walls.
[0046] The elevation system 6a comprises an insulation layer 7a formed of insulation plates 71a, the back inner sides 711a of which are directly bonded to the wall 8 by means of a layer 9 of an appropriate known adhesive material. The insulation plates in the systems according to the present invention may be for example plates made of foamed polyurethane resin in a form of stiff structural foam of increased weather resistance or of foamed polystyrene of increased hardness. The front outer sides 712a of the insulation plates 71a are covered with an elevation layer 10 formed of the elevation panels 1 according to the present invention. The panels 1 are fixed to the plates 71a by means of glue mortar layer 11 bonding the outer sides 712a of the insulation layer 7a with the inner sides of the lining plates 3 and with the net of the carrying layer 4 if the panel 1, and by means of the fastening elements 12a connecting the carrying layer 4 of the panel 1 with the insulation layer 7a and with the wall 8. The apertures 411 in the net of the carrying layer 4 of the panel 1 are designed for rawl plug fasteners serving as fastening elements 12a and are matched to bolts 121 of the fasteners 12a. The flanges 122 of the rawl plug fasteners 12a are slightly deformed in the area of the carrying layer 4 around the apertures 411 forming depressions 412. Thanks to this deformations the flanges 122 in the uncovered regions do not stand out above the surface of the carrying layer 4 thus enabling for fixing the lining plate projections of a given panel in the same plane as the lining plates of the adjoining panels. After fixing a panel 1, the grout gaps 5 between the lining plates 3 are filled up with appropriate grout material forming grouts 13. In the presented example, common polystyrene foam plates 71 a are used provided with basic mounting locks comprising rectangular prism-shaped projections on first lateral sides of plates and rectangular prism-shaped cutouts located on the opposite lateral sides of plates and matched to the projections of the opposite lateral side, contacting with each other when plates are fixed on a wall.
[0047] The second embodiments of an elevation system 6b according to the present invention is presented in Fig. 8. The system 6b comprises the insulation plates 71 b (depicted in details on Figs. 9 and 10 respectively in a side view and a front view) that form the insulation layer 7b and are provided with the horizontal longitudinal projections 713 intermutually parallel with each other and preferably set in intervals of length R equaling approximately the width of the lining plates 3 in the panel 1. In the system 6b the carrying layer 4 of the panel 1 resists against the projections 713 of the insulation plate 71 b, but does not resist directly against the outer side 712b thereof.
[0048] Fig. 11 presents schematically the third embodiment of the elevation system 6c according to the present invention, in which the second type of the insulation plate 71c is used depicted in Figs. 12, 13 and 14 respectively in a front, back and side view.
[0049] The insulation plate 71c has the inner side 711c provided with developed surface of gluing created of a number of grooves forming two latticed groove structures. The first of the latticed groove structures is a rectangular latticed structure formed of transverse grooves 7111c intersected with longitudinal grooves 7112c, and the second of the latticed groove structures is a rhomboidal latticed structure formed of right-skewed grooves 7113c intersected with left-skewed grooves 7114c. The intersection points of the grooves 7113c, 7114c of the second latticed groove structure are located in the centers of the sides of the rectangular cells of the first latticed groove structure, whereas all the grooves 7111c-7114c extend over the whole inner side 711c of the insulation plate 71 c and are opened into the external circumferential cutout 7115c.
[0050] In this embodiments the surface of the outer side 712c of insulation plates 71c is a developed surface, wherein its development comprises a net-like structure of intermutually intersecting longitudinal grooves 7121c. Similarly as in the embodiment of Figs. 8-10, on the outer sides 712c of insulation plates 71c horizontal, intermutually parallel longitudinal projections 713 are formed against which the carrying layer 4 of the panel 1 is resisted.
[0051] Furthermore mounting recesses 7122c (matching a geometry of the fastening element 12c flange in terms of a shape and a depth) are formed in the outer side 712c in the interspaces between the projections 713, and are provided with centrally situated centering recesses 7123c facilitating appropriate determining a place for passing the fastening element 12c bolt throughout the insulation plate 71c. The mounting recesses 7122c are preferably shifted in relation to each other on the adjoining axes perpendicular to the projections 713, in such a manner that on one such an axis the mounting recesses 7122c are located in every other interspace between these projections 713.
[0052] In the system 6c the insulation layer 7c is fixed to the wall by means of the fastening elements 12 passing through the carrying layer 4 of panels 1 and through the insulation plates 71c, and furthermore also by means of additional fastening elements 12c passing only through the insulation plates 71c and provided with the flanges 122c seated in the mounting recesses 7122c of the plates 71 c.
[0053] In Figs. 15-17 alternative embodiments of surface developments of the inner sides 711d and 711e of insulation plates for a use in a system according to the present invention such as for example the system 6c of Fig. 11.
[0054] As contrasted with the plate 71 c, surface development exists solely on some regions of the inner sides of the plates 71 d and 71 e.
[0055] The inner side 711d of the plate 7 is provided with developed gluing surface regions comprising a circumferential region 7116d in a form of a band bordered on the outer circumferential edge of the inner side 711d of the plate 71d and three transverse bands 7117d parallel in relation to each other and to the shorter sides of the plate 71d and joined with the circumferential band 7116d.
[0056] The inner side 711e of the plate 71 e is however provided with an analogous circumferential surface development region 7116e and a single longitudinal surface development region 7117e extended parallelly relative to the longitudinal edge of the plate 71 e.
[0057] Fig. 17 depicts an enlarged view of the section A of the surface development of the plates 71d, 71e. The surface development is obtained in these plates by forming two sets of grooves 7118, 7119 that are intermutually parallel in each set and thus create a latticed matrix of columns and rows, wherein the adjoining grooves are substantially perpendicular to each other.
[0058] Fig. 18 presents schematically another embodiment of an elevation system according to the present invention in which a different type of insulation plates 71f is used as depicted in an axonometric back view in Fig. 19.
[0059] The insulation plate 71f is provided on the back inner side 711f with an arrangement of mounting grooves comprising a circumferential mounting groove 71110, the component sections of which are parallel relative to the side edges of the plate 71f, and two transverse mounting grooves 71111 parallel relative to the transverse side edges of the plate 71f and connected with the circumferential groove 71110. The outer side of the plate 71 is flat.
[0060] In the system 6f the adhesive material layer 9f bonding the insulation layer 7f with the wall 8 is formed by adhesive material strips 91f (such as for example strips of the polyurethane glue TYTAN EOS produced by Selena S.A., Wroclaw, Poland) applied into the mounting grooves 71110, 71111 of the inner side 711f of the plate 71f. In the system 6f the elevation panel 1f according to the present invention is used provided with the mounting apertures 411 surrounded with stiffening flanges 412 disposed in grout gaps, in the manner analogous to the embodiment of Fig. 6. The elevation panel 6f is fixed to the insulation layer 7f by means of the adhesive material layer 11 and by means of a number of fastening elements 12f, the flanges of which 122f are situated in the grout gaps 5 resting against the stiffening flanges 412 of the panels 1 f.
[0061] Figs. 20 and 21 present further two embodiments of an elevation system according to the present invention in which insulation plates 71 g and 71 h are distinguished by a specifical geometry of mounting locks.
[0062] The top side and the bottom side of each insulation plate 71 g, 71 h are provided with complementary mounting locks 714g, 714h and 715g, 715h extending over the whole insulation plate length and having a form of profiled projections and cutouts of corresponding cross-sections. The mounting locks are matched with each other geometrically so that after juxtapositioning together the adjoining insulation plates 71 g, 71 h the mounting locks provide appropriate contacting therebetween.
[0063] In an elevation system 6g depicted in Fig. 20 the bottom mounting lock 715g of the top insulation plate 71 g constitutes a broken surface being a combination of several surfaces 7151g-7153g and comprises a projection 7154g the bottom surface 7153g of which neighbours the outer side 712g of the plate 71 g and is slanted upward in the direction of the inner side 711g of the plate 71a at an acute angle amounting in this embodiment about 30°.
[0064] The top mounting lock 714g, that is complementary with the bottom lock 715g, also constitutes an appropriate broken surface in a form of a combination of a several surfaces 7141g-7143g, wherein the surface 7143g (corresponding to the bottom surface 7153g of the bottom lock 715g) neighbours with the inner side 712g of the plate 71a and is slanted upward in the direction of the inner side 711g of the plate 71 g. The plates 71 g are juxtaposed with a splice.
[0065] The plates 71 h in an elevation system 6h presented in Fig. 21 are juxtaposed with a tongue-and-groove joint.
[0066] The projection 7154h of the bottom mounting lock 715h of the plate 71 h has the bottom horizontal surface 7155h of the width amounting several millimeters and the neighboring bottom surface 7153h slanted upward in the direction of the inner side 711 h of the plate 71 h. The complementary top mounting lock 714h has the top horizontal surface 7144h corresponding to the surface 7155h and the top surface 7143h slanted upwards and neighboring the surface 7144h. In the presented embodiment the surfaces 7153h and 7143h are slightly curved in the direction of the inner side at an acute angle, preferably amounting from about 30 to about 90°.
1. An elevation panel for constructing on a constructional partition an elevation formed
of lining plates, characterized in that the panel comprises a carrying layer (4) on the one side of which a matrix of rows
(2) of lining plates (3), preferably ceramic plates, in particular clinker plates,
is arranged.
2. The elevation panel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the carrying layer (4) is a net, preferably a fiberglass net, preferably having a
surface weight greater than 100 g/m2, preferably greater than 200 g/m2.
3. The elevation panel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lining plates (3) are glued to the carrying layer (4), preferably by means of
acrylic glue based on water or polymer glue, in particular epoxy glue.
4. The elevation panel according to Claim 3, characterized in that the whole surface of the lining plate (3) is covered with glue.
5. The elevation panel according to any one of Claims 1-4, characterized in that the lining plates (3) in the adjoining rows (2) parallel to each other are dislocated
in relation to each other on the longitudinal direction of the panel (1), and in at
least one of the rows (2) from one side the outermost lining plate (32) is dislocated
inward relative to the edge of the carrying layer (4) thus exposing an uncovered region
(41) on the carrying layer (4).
6. The elevation panel according to Claim 5, characterized in that the outermost lining plate (31) located in the lining plate (3) row (2) at the opposite
side in relation to the carrying layer (4) uncovered region (41) is projected out
of the carrying layer (4) forming a projection (311) corresponding to the uncovered
region (41), wherein in the carrying layer (4) the projections (311) of the outermost
lining plates (31) and the uncovered regions (41) corresponding thereto exist preferably
in every other row (2) of the lining plates (3).
7. The elevation panel according to any one of Claims 1-6, characterized in that the lining plates (3) forming the matrix are distanced from each other substantially
at the same distances (D, d) forming grout gaps (5).
8. The elevation panel according to any one of Claims 1-7, characterized in that in the carrying layer (4) the apertures (411) for fastening elements (12) are formed
in the uncovered regions (41) and/or in the grout gaps (5), wherein the apertures
(411) are preferably surrounded by stiffening flanges (412) located on the same side
of the carrying layer (4) as the lining plates (3).
9. The elevation panel according to any one of Claims 1-8, characterized in that the carrying layer (4) has a form of an angle section (4c, 4d, 4f) forming a corner
elevation panel (1c, 1d, 1f).
10. An elevation system comprising an insulation layer formed of a number of rectangular
prism-shaped insulation plates with inner sides facing a constructional partition
and with outer sides covered with an elevation layer formed of a number of lining
plates, characterized in that the elevation layer (10) comprises at least one elevation panel (1) according to
any one of Claims 1-9.
11. The elevation system according to Claim 10, characterized in that said at least one insulation plate (71) is provided on its outer side (712) with
longitudinal, horizontal projections (713) parallel to each other, wherein the distance
between the two neighboring projections (713) preferably corresponds to the width
(R) of the lining plates (3).
12. The elevation system according to Claim 11, characterized in that said at least one insulation plate (71) comprises developed surfaces and/or mounting
recesses (7122) between the longitudinal projections (713), wherein the mounting recesses
(7122) are additionally preferably provided with aligning depressions (7123).
13. The elevation system according to any one of Claims 10-12, characterized in that the back inner side (711 d-e) of said at least one insulation plate (71 d-e) is provided
with at least one area of a developed surface for improved cementing, preferably of
a shape of a band (7116d-e, 7117d-e) extended substantially parallel relative to the
side edge of the insulation plate, preferably located in the vicinity of the periphery
of the inner side (7116d-e) of the insulation plate (71d-e).
14. The elevation system according to Claim 13, characterized in that the first rectangular latticed groove structure comprised of transverse grooves (7111
c) intersected with longitudinal grooves (7112c) and the second rhomboidal latticed
groove structure comprised of right-skewed grooves (7113c) intersected with left-skewed
grooves (7114c) are formed in the back inner side (711) of said at least one insulation
plate (71), wherein the intersection points of the grooves (7113c, 7114c) of the second
rhomboidal latticed groove structure are located in the centers of the sides of the
rectangular cells of the first rectangular latticed groove structure, whereas all
the grooves (7111c-7114c) extend over the whole inner side (711c) of the insulation
plate (71 c) with outlets formed in its lateral sides, wherein said latticed groove
structures are preferably surrounded with external circumferential cutout (7115c)
into which said grooves (7111 c-7114c) are opened.
15. The elevation system according to any one of Claims 10-14, characterized in that at least one mounting groove (71110, 71111) for the adhesive material is formed in
the surface of the inner side (711f) of said at least one insulation plate (71f).
16. The elevation system according to any one of Claims 10-15, characterized in that said at least one insulation plate (71) has the top and bottom surfaces provided
with complementary mounting locks for connecting the neighboring insulation plates,
wherein the bottom (715) and top (714) mounting locks in the vicinity of the outer
side (712) of the insulation plate (71) has at least one surface (7153, 7143) that
is angled upwards and toward the inner side (711) of the insulation plate (71), wherein
the surfaces (7153, 7143) are substantially complementary with each other.
17. The elevation system according to Claim 16, characterized in that said at least one surface (7153g, 7143g) that is angled upwards and toward the inner
side (711 g) of the insulation plate (71 g) adjoins the outer side (712g) of the insulation
plate (71 g).
18. The elevation system according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that a substantially horizontal surface (7155h, 7144h) is formed between said at least
one surface (7153h, 7143h) angled upwards and toward the inner surface (711 h) of
the insulation plate (711 h) and the outer side (712h) of the insulation plate (711h).