INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT FOR GUIDING A CABLE

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an industrial equipment. More particularly, the present invention relates to an industrial equipment usable in combination with a winch. In more detail, the present invention relates to an industrial equipment usable in combination with a winch and provided with a guiding device for guiding a wire rope actuated by this winch.

Background to the invention

[0002] To install large industrial structures, especially off-shore structures, the use of winches is well known to move particularly heavy bodies, for instance bodies with mass of more than 10 tons, using wire ropes with high breaking load. With reference to figure A, showing a known application, it should be particularly specified that these winches comprise a drum; this drum has a longitudinal extension usually comprised between 1 m and 2 m and is designed, in use, to roll, along the whole longitudinal extension thereof, a wire rope orderly in adjacent turns in a plurality of superposed layers. During operation, the wire rope pulled by the winch engages a return member, for instance a sheave, whose axis of rotation is fixed and preferably parallel to the axis of the winch. At this point, with reference to the plan illustrated in figure B, it should be specified that the fleet angle is the angle having the vertex at the return sheave and whose sides are respectively the rope direction when the most external turn thereof on the drum is winding and the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the same drum. As it is shown in figure B, the term "fleet" indicates half the drum axial length. In more detail, it should be noted that the width of this fleet angle changes according to both the winding layer and the longitudinal exit position of the rope from the drum; in the winches used for off-shore installations this width is usually comprised in a range of ±5°. To wind a wire rope onto the drum of the respective winch in a correct and orderly manner, the rope entry angle onto the drum shall be smaller than or equal to 1.5°; to avoid the inconveniences resulting from fleet angles of more than 1.5°, the large industrial winches are therefore provided with a guiding device for guiding the respective wire rope. Figure A illustrates an example of this guiding device, through which it is clearly apparent that this device can comprise a movable equipment designed to reciprocate parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum. Particularly, this reciprocating motion of the movable equipment is synchronised with the drum rotational speed to facilitate a correct winding/unwinding of the rope. More generally speaking, these guiding devices usually comprise a pair of return members carried in a freely rotating manner around axes that are preferably perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the winch with such a centre-to-centre distance to allow the passage of the rope. In use, the rope engages the space between the two rollers; during winding, the rollers limit at both sides the entry angle of the same rope onto the drum, thus reducing the fleet angle given by the same drum. Furthermore, the rollers force the rope portion close to the drum to move simultaneously with the movable equipment according to a reciprocating motion along the whole longitudinal extension of the drum. In this way, thanks to the synchronism between the motion of the movable equipment and the rotation of the drum, the rope portion that is going to be wound/unwound is always arranged correctly with respect to the drum so as to be wound/unwound in an ordered manner. In view of the above description it is therefore clearly apparent that the guiding devices for wire ropes currently used with large winches perform, at the same time, two functions necessary for the correct winding/unwinding of a rope:

• they let the angle at which the rope enters/exits from the winch be comprised inside a given angular range independent of the fleet angle;
• they let the rope be wound in turns orderly arranged in correctly superposed layers.

[0003] However, it should be noted that the current guiding devices for wire ropes according to the prior art described above have an inconvenience that makes the use thereof potentially dangerous. This inconvenience is associated with the same nature of the large wire ropes and in particular of the so-called "spin-resistant" or "nonrotating" wire ropes. In fact, as it is well known, these ropes are produced by twisting a plurality of strands distributed according to a plurality of axially concentric layers. Each strand is, in turn, produced by twisting a plurality of wires according to a direction preferably contrary to the twisting direction of the strand layers. Thanks to this structure with twisted strands, the rope has both high tensile and compressive strength and is therefore capable to maintain, also in use, each respective circular cross-section unchanged.

[0004] At this point it should be pointed out that, in use, each rope is subjected to shearing stress when it interacts with a respective return roller of a guiding device, and the intensity of this stress depends upon both the load applied to the rope and the ratio of the roller diameter to the rope diameter. As the rope cross-section is substantially circular, this shearing stress is applied by the rollers in an equal manner on substantially each single strand stably maintained into contact with the roller outer shell. The stress applied on each of these single strands tends to be transmitted to the inner layers of strands of the rope. The resulting interaction between strands of two adjacent layers causes abrasion, and therefore damage, of these strands that progressively break and cause the rope to fray, so that it cannot be used for the hoisting works it has been designed for. The costs for producing and replacing a rope of such dimensions are very high and it would be preferable to avoid them. Moreover, it should be specified that this kind of damage occurs inside the rope, in the area of contact between adjacent layers of strands; therefore, it can be seen only when one or more strands have been damaged, i.e. when the rope structural integrity has been already jeopardized. These damages can be therefore detected only by often checking the integrity of the ropes through means for monitoring the inner structure thereof. US 3 078 060 A discloses a guiding means according to the preamble of claim 1. Therefore, in view of the description above, the problem of providing a guiding device for guiding a rope actuated by a winch is currently solved in an unsatisfactory manner, and represents an interesting challenge for the applicant, aiming at producing an industrial equipment provided with a new-concept guiding device allowing to ensure the structural and functional integrity of these industrial ropes even when repeatedly used for a prolonged time. Such an industrial equipment allows to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art described above and to define a new standard for moving and installing industrial structures, particularly off-shore structures.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0005] The present invention relates to an industrial equipment. More particularly, the present invention relates to an industrial equipment usable in combination with a winch. In more detail, the present invention relates to an industrial equipment usable in combination with a winch and provided with a guiding device for guiding a wire rope actuated by this winch.

[0006] According to the present invention an industrial equipment is provided, whose main features are described in claim 1. A further object of the present invention is to provide a method validly usable for guiding the motion of a rope during the winding/unwinding thereof by means of a respective winch.

[0007] According to the present invention a guiding method is provided for guiding the motion of a rope, whose main features are described in claim 15.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Further characteristics and advantages of the industrial equipment of the invention will be more apparent from the description below, set forth with reference to the attached drawings, that illustrate some examples of embodiment, where identical or corresponding parts of the equipment are identified by the same reference numbers. In particular:

• figure A shows an industrial equipment provided with a rope-guiding device of the prior art;
• figure B shows a geometrical plan of a winch of the prior art;
• figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an industrial equipment according to the present invention;
• figure 2 is a first side elevation view of a detail from figure 1, in enlarged scale;
• figure 3 is a second side elevation view of a detail from figure 1 in a plurality of distinct operating positions;
• figure 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of a detail from figure 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0009] In figure 1, number 1 indicates, in its entirety, an industrial equipment usable in combination with a winch 100 designed to wind and unwind a rope/a cable 2, preferably, although without limitation, of the spin-resistant type produced according to the prior art described above using a plurality of strands arranged in concentric layers. Each cross-section of such a rope 2 has an essentially circular shape that, in use, remains substantially unchanged even when subjected to high tractive stress. It should be noted that hereunder reference will be made only to a winch 100, without however limiting the protective scope of the invention as defined in the claims, that can be effectively used also in combination with any other rope device.

[0010] With specific reference to figure 1 again, the industrial equipment 1 comprises a first frame 5, which is arranged, in use, near the winch 100 and is integrally maintained in stable position with respect to it. This first frame 5 extends along a longitudinal direction L preferably parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum 101 of the winch 100. In more detail, the first frame 5 supports a moving group 15 designed, in use, to translate a movable equipment 11 with a reciprocating motion along the longitudinal direction L. It should be specified that the width of this reciprocating motion is substantially equivalent to the longitudinal extension of the drum 101 in order to facilitate, in use, the regular winding of the rope 2 onto the drum 101 in turns arranged orderly adjacent to one other. With particular reference to figures 1 and 2, the moving group 15 comprises, preferably although without limitation, one first and one second cylindrical shafts 16' and 16" parallel to each other and to the longitudinal direction L. Moreover, the movable equipment 11 comprises a base 12 carried by the first shaft 16' in a freely sliding manner, and screwed to the second shaft 16". In this regard, the second shaft 16" presents centrally a double-threaded screw stably engaged with an abutment member, that is known and therefore not shown for the sake of practicality, and that is carried rigidly by the base 12. Moreover, the second shaft 16" is connected with the drum 101 by means of one first drive device 18 of the known type and is driven into rotation, in use, by the same drum 101 so that the rotation of the double-threaded screw of the second shaft 16" drawn into reciprocating rectilinear motion the base 12 of the movable equipment 11, free to slide on the first shaft 16'. In more detail, the first drive device 18 is preferably mechanical and may comprise, for instance, although without limitation, a chain drive. Moreover, this first drive device 18 has a given reduction ratio, preferably defined during the design phase according to the features of the winch 100 and the rope 2, so that the reciprocating motion of the movable equipment 11 is correctly synchronised with the rotation of the drum 101. The first drive device 18 may be therefore interpreted as a device for synchronising the motion of the movable equipment 11 with the rotation of the drum 101 and, for the sake of simplicity, this synchronising device will be indicated with the same number 18.

[0011] With particular reference to figures 1 and 2 again, the base 12 carries one first bracket 21 in a freely rotating manner around the first shaft 16'. This first bracket 21 presents a substantially bridge-shaped profile and is provided with a pair of first arms 21', that are arranged preferably, although without limitation, in a mirror-like/symmetrical manner with respect to a transverse median plane of the base 12. The base 12 also carries a second bridge-shaped bracket 22 in a freely rotating manner around the second shaft 16''. This second bracket 22 is provided with a pair of second arms 22', that are arranged preferably, although without limitation, in a mirrorlike/symmetrical manner with respect to a transverse median plane of the base 12. Again with reference to figures 1 and 2, it should be noted that the first bracket 21 and the second bracket 22 are connected to each other in an articulated manner by means of a pair of connecting rods 23 arranged preferably, although without limitation, in a mirror-like/symmetrical manner with respect to a common transverse plane of symmetry of the first and second brackets 21 and 22. As it will be better explained below, each connecting rod 23 is arranged between a first arm 21' and a second arm 22' to couple the first and second bracket 21/22 together. To this end, each connecting rod 23 presents preferably, although without limitation, a cylindrical intermediate portion 23' and a pair of end portions 23" arranged to couple to respective first and second arms 21' and 22' in a freely rotating manner around an axis of rotation parallel to le longitudinal direction L. It should be noted that each end portion 23" may be preferably, although without limitation, substantially T-shaped to act as a coupling head 23" designed to engage, in a substantially form-fitting manner, a respective first seat 24 (shown in figure 4) associated with a first or second bracket 21/22 and, particularly, provided in a first end portion 21" of each first arm 21' and in a second end portion 22" of each second arm 22'. Particularly, each coupling head 23" is coupled in a rolling manner to a respective first arm 21' or to a respective second arm 22' coupled through the interposition of roller bearings designed to react to loads acting both axially and radially so as to limit the friction of the rotating coupling between the first bracket 21/the second bracket 22 and the connecting rod 23.

[0012] With reference to figure 1, each of the seats 24 may be provided preferably, although without limitation, by means of a pair of forked members arranged parallel to each other and spaced from each other by such a dimensioned distance to house a respective coupling head 23''. Alternatively, each first seat 24 may be provided by means of a pair or holed plates designed to house with clearance side extensions of a respective coupling head 23" that may be T-shaped. Again with reference to the connecting rods 23, it should be specified that each connecting rod 23 may present a cylindrical intermediate portion 23', axially delimited by respective threaded ends, each designed to couple to one respective head/end portion 23", for instance provided with a respective axial seat, grooved and adequately sized to house the same intermediate portion 23'. In this way, when installing and/or maintaining the industrial equipment 1 it is possible to adjust the longitudinal extension of each connecting rod 23 finely and substantially continuously by acting on the respective threaded coupling between the intermediate portion 23' and the end portions 23", and therefore to adjust the distance between the end portions of the first and second arms 21' and 22', and therefore the angle between the first plate 21 and the second plate 22.

[0013] In view of the description above it should be noted that the set of the base, of a first arm 21', of a second arm 22' and of the connecting rod 23 arranged between the respective first and second end portions 21" and 22" may be interpreted as an articulated four-bar linkage that is associated with the movable equipment 11. The movable equipment 11 therefore comprises one pair of articulated four-bar linkages 25 that are adjacent to each other. In particular, it is possible to state that the base 12 carries one pair of articulated four-bar linkages 25, arranged in a mirror-like/symmetrical manner with respect to a transverse median plane of symmetry of the movable equipment 11 and therefore able to change continuously the inclination of the respective connecting rods 23 following the movement of one of the first arms 21' or one of the second arms 22'. Furthermore, in view of the description above, the base 12 of the movable equipment 11 may be also interpreted as a second frame 12 for each articulated four-bar linkage 25.

[0014] In view of the description above, it should be specified that the arrangement of the first and second bracket 21 and 22, connecting respectively the pairs of first arms 21' and of second arms 22' in correspondence of the respective first and second end portions 21" and 22", forces, in use, the first and second ends 21" and 22" of the first and second arms 21' and 22', therefore of the ends of the connecting rods 23, to move with a substantially identical angular motion. The aim of the first and second brackets 21 and 22 is therefore to time the angular movements of the first and second arms 21' and 22'. Moreover, it is clearly understood that the change in the inclination of the connecting rods 23 will be identical only if the axial extensions of these connecting rods 23 have been adjusted in the same manner, and therefore only if the end portions 21" and 22" of each pair of first and second arms 21' and 22' are equidistant from each other. Obviously, the existence of the first and second brackets 21 and 22 makes this aim very easy to be achieved, thanks to the use of a double connection between the two articulated four-bar linkages 25. The first and second brackets 21 and 22 represent therefore timing members for timing the operation of the two articulated four-bar linkages 25 suitable to maintain the connecting rods 23 of the two articulated four-bar linkages 25 constantly parallel to each other.

[0015] With particular reference to figure 2, it should be noted that each intermediate portion 23' of a connecting rod 23 carries, in a freely rotating manner, a respective return member 26, preferably a sheave 26 provided with a respective groove 26' for the wire rope 2. The movable equipment 11 particularly comprises a pair of sheaves 26 adjacent to each other, substantially coplanar and arranged near each other so that the two grooves 26' face each other and define a substantially circular second seat 27, whose diameter is slightly greater than the diameter of the same wire rope 2. In this regard it should be noted that, without limiting the protective scope of the invention as defined in the claims, the two sheaves 26 may be substantially identical, or one of the two sheaves 26 may have greater dimensions than the other sheave, so that, as illustrated in figure 2, the respective groove 26' houses, inside itself, the outer edges of the other sheave 26. Moreover, it should be noted that each groove 26' preferably presents a radius slightly greater than the radius of the rope 2, so as to maximise the side surface of the groove 26' engaged, in use, by the same rope 2. In this way, the shearing stress that in the prior art devices is concentrated, in use, onto a single strand of the rope 2, in the equipment 1 according to the present invention is distributed on a larger portion of the outer surface of the rope 2 and therefore on more strands. Consequently, the rope 2 is subjected, in use, to a reduced specific pressure with reference to the respective portion wound onto one of the two sheaves 26. This obviously allows to minimise the risks of breakage or damages of the strands due to a prolonged use of the rope 2.

[0016] In view of the description above, it is clearly apparent that each articulated four-bar linkage 25 may be interpreted as an articulated support device for at least one respective sheave 26. Similarly, it is also clearly apparent that the set of the moving group 15 and the movable equipment 11 provided with at least one articulated support device 25 and at least one sheave 26 defines a guiding group 10 for guiding the motion of the rope 2 actuated by the winch 100.

[0017] At this point, with particular reference to figure 4, it should be specified that each connecting rod 23 has lower longitudinal extension than the transverse dimension of the second frame 12 of the respective articulated four-bar linkage 25, whilst the first and second arms 21' and 22' have substantially identical longitudinal extension. Each first arm 21' and each second arm 22' may be therefore interpreted, respectively, as a first and a second rocker arm for the respective articulated four-bar linkage 25 and, for the sake of simplicity, these first and second rocker arms will be therefore indicated with the same reference numbers 21' and 22'. Again with reference to figure 3, it is clearly apparent that at each rotation of the first and second rocker arms 21' and 22' corresponds a change in the inclination of the respective connecting rod 23 with respect to the second frame 12 of the articulated four-bar linkage 25. Consequently, at each rotation of the first and second rocker arms 21' and 22' corresponds a change in the inclination of the median plane of symmetry onto which the sheaves 26 lie with respect to the base 12 of the movable equipment 11. This feature is fundamental for the correct operation of the equipment 1 according to the invention, as it allows to adjust the inclination of the sheaves 26 so that, in use, the rope 2 always lies on the median plane of symmetry of these sheaves 26 and is not therefore subjected to abrasion due to an incorrect alignment with the grooves 26' and the respective second seat 27. In this regard it should be noted that figure 3 illustrates the equipment 1 in three different operating positions corresponding respectively to three different levels of winding of the rope 2 into superposed layers. It should be therefore noted, with reference to figure 3, that the inclination of the rope 2 with respect to the first frame 5, and therefore with respect also to the second frame 12, changes during winding/unwinding according to the winding layer onto the drum 101 where is the rope 2. Therefore, during respective winding/unwinding operations, the rope 2 is able to exert a traction on the guiding group 10 transversally to the longitudinal direction L, and this traction causes, substantially in an automatic manner, the sheaves 26 to be re-directed so that the rope 2 is constantly coplanar to the median plane of symmetry of the same sheaves 26 and aligned with the respective grooves 26'. In this way it is possible to minimise the friction that occurs in the rope-guiding devices of the prior art when the rope changes the layer of winding onto the drum of the winch.

[0018] At this point, with particular reference to figure 3, it should be noted that the equipment 1 according to the invention comprises a balancing group 30 of the known type, carried at the bottom by said articulated support group 25 and able to prevent, in use, an articulated four-bar linkage 25 / a sheave 26 from being actuated by the only gravity. Particularly, this balancing group 30 may comprise preferably, although without limitation, a counterweight balancing device 300 suitable, in use, to balance the natural tendency of the articulated support group 25 to move downwards under the weight of the sheaves 26. In more detail, this balancing device 300 preferably comprises a respective articulated chain provided with a first lever 31, carried rigidly by the base 12 and pivoted at opposite side on a 1st class second lever 32 carrying, at one its own end, a respective counterweight 35. This second lever 32 is pivoted, at opposite side from the counterweight 35, at a third lever 33 that is, in turn, articulated with a fourth lever carried rigidly by the first bracket 21 of the movable equipment 11. In this way, to each decrease in the height of the sheaves 26 corresponds a rise of the counterweight 35, therefore balancing the effects of the weight onto each articulated support group 25.

[0019] Lastly, it is clearly apparent that variants and modifications can be done to the industrial equipment 1 described and illustrated herein without however departing from the protective scope of the invention as defined in the claims. For instance, with reference to a not illustrated variant, the moving group 15 may comprise one or two prismatic guides of any shape, not necessarily cylindrical, and a known drag device actuated in a mechanically independent way by the drum 101, but anyway in synchronised manner with the rotation of the drum.

[0020] Moreover, with reference to the variant illustrated in figure 4, the balancing group 30 may comprise, instead of the counterweight device 300, a return elastic device 301 arranged, in use, between the base 12 of the movable equipment 11 and the winch 100. This elastic device 301 is provided with at least one return member 36, for instance a helical spring 36, presenting one first end connected to the base 12 of the movable equipment 11 and one second end connected to a prolongation of a first or second arm 21'/22' extending at opposite side from the respective connecting rod 23 with respect to the corresponding first or second shaft 16'/16". Particularly, the first end of the return member 36 is connected to the base 12 through the interposition of a screw 37 housed in a respective third threaded seat 38 provided in an abutment integrally connected to the same base 12. In this way, acting on the screw 37 it is possible to adjust the pre-load of the spring 36 so as to balance the weight of the movable equipment 11 and to allow this movable equipment 11 to move in the vertical plane without exerting significant forces onto the rope 2.

[0021] The use of the industrial equipment 1 is clearly apparent from the description above and does not require further explanations; however it should be advisable to further specify that the use of this equipment allows to minimiser the side loads and the shearing actions exerted, in use, on ropes actuated by means of winches, above all when the fleet angle is particularly wide. Therefore the use of the industrial equipment 1 according to the present invention allows to prolong the operating life of the ropes and to prevent accidents and injuries due to a sudden breakage of these ropes.

[0022] It should be also specified that the present invention also relates to a method validly usable for guiding the motion of a rope during the winding and/or unwinding thereof by means of a respective winch. This method comprises a first step of axially inserting one rope 2 inside the respective second seat 27 peripherally delimited by the grooves 26' of the adjacent sheaves 26. The method of the present invention further comprises a step of moving, in a reciprocating motion along the longitudinal direction L, a portion of the rope 2 arranged, in use, near the drum 101 so that the rope 2 can be wound or unwound onto the drum 101 in an orderly manner. To this end, the step of moving a portion of the rope 2 in a reciprocating motion along the longitudinal direction L comprises a substep of synchronising the translation motion of the movable equipment 11 with respect to the rotary motion of the drum 101.

[0023] At this point it should be noted that this method further comprises a step of changing, preferably in a continuous and automatic manner, the inclination of the sheaves 26 with respect to the base 12 of the movable equipment 11 through the pull action of the rope 2. This step can be interpreted as a step of rotating the median plane of symmetry of the sheaves 26 with respect to the base 12 and therefore with respect to the return plane of the movable equipment 11 delimited by the axes of symmetry of the first and second shafts 16' and 16". Clearly, with this step of continuously changing the inclination of the sheaves 26 is associated a simultaneous step of rotating at least one connecting rod 23 of an articulated four-bar linkage 25 caused by the change in the pull direction transmitted by the rope 2.

[0024] Lastly, it is clearly apparent that variants and modifications can be done also to the method for guiding the rope 2 described and illustrated herein without however departing from the protective scope of the invention as defined in the claims. For instance, if the connecting rods 23 as described above have a respective longitudinal extension that can be adjusted substantially at will, the guiding method described above can be preceded by a step of adjusting the longitudinal extension of at least one connecting rod 23 to adapt it to the diameter of the rope 2 and/or to the dimensions of the sheaves 26. It should be noted that this step of adjusting the longitudinal extension of at least one connecting rod 23 has the following advantages: first of all, it allows to facilitate the assembly of the connecting rods 23 that, due to the fact that they are provided with roller bearings for the connection to the first and second brackets 21/22, require to meet reduced assembly tolerance. Furthermore, the opportunity of adjusting the extension of the connecting rods 23 allows to change the rotation of the plane of the sheaves 26 following the change of the winding layer of the rope 2 onto the drum 101. In this way it is possible, during installation, to adapt the industrial equipment 1 to the actual distance between each return sheave 26 for the rope 2 and the winch 100.

[0025] In view of the description above it is clearly apparent that the equipment 1 and the respective guiding method for guiding the motion of industrial ropes allow to solve the technical problem in question, i.e. they allow to prevent undesired damages and to prolong the operating life of industrial wire ropes actuated by means of respective winches.

Claims

1. Industrial equipment (1) usable in combination with a winch (100) and comprising guiding means (10) for guiding the motion of an industrial rope (2) actuated by said winch (100); said guiding means (10) comprising at least one return member (26) for said rope (2) suitable, in use, to limit the width of the entry/exit angle of said rope (2) relative to a drum (101) of said winch (100); said equipment (1) comprising articulated support means (25) for each said return member (26) designed to adjust the position of each said return member (26) according to the pull of said rope (2); said articulated support means (25) comprising at least one four-bar linkage (25) associated with a frame (12) transversally movable relative to said rope (2) and comprising one first rocker arm (21') and one second rocker arm (22') connected to each other in an articulated manner by means of a connecting rod (23); each said connecting rod (23) supporting a respective said return member (26) in a freely rotating manner, characterized in that said articulated support means (25) comprise one pair of substantially identical articulated four-bar linkages (25) arranged symmetrically relative to said frame (12), and in that it comprises means (21, 22) for timing the two articulated four-bar linkages (25) suitable to maintain said connecting rods (23) always parallel in use.

2. Equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one said return member (26) comprises a sheave (26) presenting a respective groove (26') designed to be engaged, in use, by said rope (2).

3. Equipment according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each said groove (26') presents a respective radius slightly greater than the radius of the rope (2) to maximize, in use, the respective surface of contact with said rope (2).

4. Equipment according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said guiding means (10) comprise a pair of substantially adjacent and coplanar sheaves (26) so that said two respective opposite grooves (26') peripherally delimit a substantially closed seat (27) of substantially annular cross-section for said rope (2).

5. Equipment according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that each said connecting rod (23) presents longitudinal extension lower than said respective frame (12).

6. Equipment according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that each said connecting rod (23) comprises two end portions (23") stably connected with a cylindrical intermediate portion (23') through a threaded coupling; each said intermediate portion carrying said respective return member (26) in a freely rotating manner.

7. Equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one said connecting rod (23) presents longitudinal extension that can be adjusted substantially at will by acting on said threaded coupling between said intermediate portion (23') and at least one end portion (23").

8. Equipment according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that said guiding means (10) comprise a movable equipment (11) carrying said articulated support means (25); said guiding means (10) comprising a moving group (15) designed to move, in use, said movable equipment (11) in a reciprocating motion along a given direction (L).

9. Equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that said moving means (15) comprise one first and one second shafts (16' and 16") for guiding the motion of said movable equipment (11); both said first and second shafts (16' and 16") being parallel to said given direction (L).

10. Equipment according to any one of claims 1-7 and according to claim 9, characterized in that each said first or second rocker arm (21')(22') is designed to freely rotate about a respective first or second shaft (16')(16").

11. Equipment according to any one of claims 1-7 and according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that said movable equipment (11) comprises a base (12) carried by said moving means (15); said base (12) comprising one said frame (12) of at least one said four-bar linkage (25).

12. Equipment according to any one of the previous claims, characterized by comprising balancing means (30) for said articulated support means (25) to prevent these support means (25) from being actuated by the only gravity.

13. Equipment according to any one of claims 1-7 or 10-11 and according to claim 12, characterized in that said balancing means (30) comprise a counterweight balancing device (300) associated with one said respective four-bar linkage; said balancing device comprising an articulated chain provided with a first lever (31) integral with said frame (12), and a second lever (34) integral with said first or second rocker arm (21')(22').

14. Equipment according to any one of claims 1-7 or 11-12 and according to claim 12, characterized in that said balancing means (30) comprise an elastic device (301) provided with at least one return member (36) elastically connecting said frame (12) with an elongation of said first or second rocker arm (21')(22') extending at opposite side from said respective connecting rod (23) relative to said frame (12).

15. Method for guiding the motion of an industrial rope (2) during winding and/or unwinding thereof by means of a respective winch (100)in combination with an industrial equipment according to claim 1; said method comprising a step of moving in a reciprocating motion along a given direction (L) a portion of said rope (2), arranged, in use, near the drum (101) of said winch (100); said method comprising at least one step of changing the spatial orientation of a return member (26) of said rope (2) through the pull action of said rope (2), wherein each said step of changing the spatial orientation of a return member (26) comprises a step of rotating a connecting rod (23) associated with a respective four-bar linkage (25); said connecting rod (23) carrying said return member (26) in a freely rotating manner, wherein said step of moving a portion of said rope (2) in a reciprocating motion along a given direction (L) is preceded by a step of adjusting the longitudinal extension of at least one said connecting rod (23) by acting on a respective threaded coupling between an intermediate portion (23') and an end portion (23") of said connecting rod (23), wherein
said step of moving in a reciprocating motion along a given direction (L) a portion of said industrial rope (2) is preceded by a step of axially inserting said rope (2) into a respective substantially closed seat (27) peripherally delimited by a pair of said adjacent return members (26).

Ansprüche

1. Industriegerät (1), das in Kombination mit einer Winde (100) verwendbar ist und Führungsmittel (10) zum Führen der Bewegung eines Industrieseils (2), das von der Winde (100) betätigt wird, umfasst; wobei das Führungsmittel (10) mindestens ein Rückführglied (26) für das Seil (2) umfasst, das dafür geeignet ist, im Gebrauch die Breite des Eintritts-/Austrittswinkels des Seils (2) relativ zu einer Trommel (101) der Winde (100) zu begrenzen; wobei das Gerät (1) gelenkige Stützmittel (25) für jedes der Rückführglieder (26) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt sind, die Position jedes Rückführgliedes (26) gemäß dem Zug des Seils (2) einzustellen; wobei das gelenkige Stützmittel (25) mindestens ein Gelenkviereck (25) umfasst, das einem Rahmen (12), der relativ zu dem Seil (2) in Querrichtung bewegbar ist, zugeordnet ist, und einen ersten Kipphebel (21') und einen zweiten Kipphebel (22') umfasst, die auf gelenkige Weise durch eine Verbindungsstange (23) miteinander verbunden sind; wobei jede Verbindungsstange (23) ein jeweiliges Rückführglied (26) auf frei drehbare Weise stützt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gelenkige Stützmittel (25) ein Paar im Wesentlichen identische gelenkige Gelenkvierecke (25) umfasst, die relativ zu dem Rahmen (12) symmetrisch angeordnet sind, und dass es zwei Mittel (21, 22) für die vorgegebene Zeitfolge der beiden gelenkigen Gelenkvierecke (25) umfasst, die dafür geeignet sind, die Verbindungsstangen (23) bei Gebrauch stets parallel zu halten.

2. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der Rückführglieder (26) eine Seilrolle (26) umfasst, die eine jeweilige Nut (26') aufweist, die dafür vorgesehen ist, dass das Seil (2) bei Gebrauch in sie hineingreift.

3. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Nut (26') einen jeweiligen Radius aufweist, der etwas größer ist als der Radius des Seils (2), um bei Gebrauch den jeweiligen Oberflächenkontakt mit dem Seil (2) zu maximieren.

4. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungsmittel (10) ein Paar im Wesentlichen benachbarter und koplanarer Seilrollen (26) umfassen, so dass die beiden jeweiligen gegenüberliegenden Nuten (26') im Wesentlichen einen geschlossenen Sitz (27) eines im Wesentlichen ringförmigen Querschnitts für das Seil (2) peripher begrenzen.

5. Gerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Verbindungsstangen (23) eine längliche Erweiterung tiefer als der jeweilige Rahmen (12) aufweist.

6. Gerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Verbindungsstangen (23) zwei Endabschnitte (23") umfasst, die durch eine Schraubkopplung stabil mit einem zylindrischen Zwischenabschnitt (23') verbunden sind; wobei jeder Zwischenabschnitt das jeweilige Rückführglied (26) auf frei drehbare Weise trägt.

7. Gerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Verbindungsstange (23) eine längs gerichtete Erweiterung aufweist, die durch Betätigung der Schraubkopplung zwischen dem Zwischenabschnitt (23') und mindestens einem Endabschnitt (23") im Wesentlichen beliebig eingestellt werden kann.

8. Gerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungsmittel (10) ein bewegbares Gerät (11) umfassen, das das gelenkige Stützmittel (25) trägt; wobei das Stützmittel (10) eine Bewegungsgruppe (15) umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt ist, bei Gebrauch das bewegbare Gerät (11) in einer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung entlang einer gegebenen Richtung (L) zu bewegen.

9. Gerät nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewegungsmittel (15) einen ersten und einen zweiten Schaft (16' und 16") zum Führen der Bewegung des bewegbaren Geräts (11) umfassen; wobei beide, der erste und der zweite Schaft (16' und 16") parallel zu der gegebenen Richtung (L) angeordnet sind.

10. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 und nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder, der erste oder der zweite Kipphebel (21') (22') dafür ausgelegt ist, sich frei um einen jeweiligen ersten oder zweiten Schaft (16') (16") zu drehen.

11. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 und nach einem der Ansprüche 8-10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bewegbare Gerät (11) eine Basis (12) umfasst, die von dem Bewegungsmittel (15) getragen wird; wobei die Basis (12) den einen Rahmen (12) mit dem mindestens einem Gelenkviereck (25) umfasst.

12. Gerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Ausgleichsmittel (30) für die gelenkigen Stützmittel (25) umfasst, um zu verhindern, dass diese Stützmittel (25) nur von der einen Schwerkraft betätigt werden.

13. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 oder 10-11 und nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausgleichsmittel (30) eine Gegengewichtsausgleichsvorrichtung (300) umfasst, die einem jeweiligen Gelenkviereck zugeordnet ist; wobei die Ausgleichsvorrichtung eine gelenkige Kette umfasst, die mit einem ersten Hebel (31) als ein einheitliches Ganzes mit dem Rahmen (12) und mit einem zweiten Hebel (34) als ein einheitliches Ganzes mit dem ersten oder dem zweiten Kipphebel (21') (22') ausgestattet ist.

14. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7 oder 11-12 und nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausgleichsmittel (30) eine elastische Vorrichtung (301) umfasst, die mit mindestens einem Rückführglied (36) ausgestattet ist, das den Rahmen (12) mit einer Verlängerung des ersten oder zweiten Kipphebels (21') (22'), die sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite relativ zu dem Rahmen (12) aus der jeweiligen Verbindungsstange (23) erstreckt, elastisch verbindet.

15. Verfahren zum Führen der Bewegung eines Industrieseils (2) während des Aufwickelns und/oder Abwickelns mit Hilfe einer jeweiligen Winde (100) in Kombination mit einem Industriegerät nach Anspruch 1; wobei das Verfahren einen Schritt der Bewegung eines Abschnitts des Seils (2) in einer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung entlang einer gegebenen Richtung (L) umfasst, bei Gebrauch in der Nähe der Trommel (101) der Winde (100) angeordnet; wobei das Verfahren mindestens einen Schritt der Veränderung der räumlichen Orientierung eines Rückführglieds (26) des Seils (2) durch die Zugbewegung des Seils (2) umfasst, wobei jeder Schritt der Veränderung der räumlichen Orientierung eines Rückführglieds (26) einen Schritt der Drehung einer Verbindungsstange (23), die einem jeweiligen Gelenkviereck (25) zugeordnet ist, umfasst; wobei die Verbindungsstange (23) das Rückführglied (26) auf eine frei drehbare Weise trägt, wobei dem Schritt der Bewegung eines Abschnitts des Seils (2) in einer Hin- und Herbewegung entlang einer gegebenen Richtung (L) ein Schritt der Einstellung der längsgerichteten Erweiterung mindestens einer Verbindungsstange (23) durch Betätigung einer jeweiligen Schraubkopplung zwischen einem Zwischenabschnitt (23') und einem Endabschnitt (23") der Verbindungsstange (23) vorausgeht, wobei dem Schritt der Bewegung in einer Hin- und Herbewegung entlang einer gegebenen Richtung (L) eines Abschnitts des Industrieseils (2) ein Schritt des axialen Einführens des Seils (2) in einen jeweiligen im Wesentlichen geschlossenen Sitz (27), der durch ein Paar der benachbarten Rückführglieder (26) periphär begrenzt ist, vorausgeht.

Revendications

1. Équipement industriel (1) utilisable en combinaison avec un treuil (100) et comprenant des moyens de guidage (10) pour guider le mouvement d'une corde industrielle (2) actionnée par ledit treuil (100) ; lesdits moyens de guidage (10) comprenant au moins un élément de renvoi (26) pour ladite corde (2) approprié, en utilisation, pour limiter la largeur de l'angle d'entrée/sortie de ladite corde (2) par rapport à un tambour (101) dudit treuil (100) ; ledit équipement (1) comprenant des moyens de support articulés (25) pour chaque élément de renvoi précité (26) conçu pour ajuster la position de chaque élément de renvoi précité (26) selon la traction de ladite corde (2) ; lesdits moyens de support articulés (25) comprenant au moins une liaison à parallélogramme déformable (25) associée à un cadre (12) mobile transversalement par rapport à ladite corde (2) et comprenant une première bielle (21') et une seconde bielle (22') reliées l'une à l'autre d'une manière articulée au moyen d'une biellette (23) ; chaque biellette précitée (23) supportant ledit élément de renvoi respectif précité (26) d'une manière librement rotative, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de support articulés (25) comprennent une paire de liaisons à parallélogramme déformable articulées sensiblement identiques (25) disposées de manière symétrique par rapport audit cadre (12), et par le fait qu'il comprend des moyens (21, 22) pour régler les deux liaisons à parallélogramme déformable articulées (25) appropriés pour maintenir lesdites biellettes (23) toujours parallèles en utilisation.

2. Équipement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins un élément de renvoi précité (26) comprend une poulie (26) présentant une gorge respective (26') conçue pour être engagée, en utilisation, par ladite corde (2).

3. Équipement selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que chaque gorge précitée (26') présente un rayon respectif légèrement plus grand que le rayon de la corde (2) pour rendre maximale, en utilisation, la surface respective de contact avec ladite corde (2).

4. Équipement selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de guidage (10) comprennent une paire de poulies sensiblement adjacentes et coplanaires (26) de telle sorte que lesdites deux gorges opposées respectives (26') délimitent de manière périphérique un siège sensiblement fermé (27) de section transversale sensiblement annulaire pour ladite corde (2).

5. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que chaque biellette respective (23) présente une extension longitudinale inférieure audit cadre respectif (12).

6. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que chaque biellette respective (23) comprend deux parties d'extrémité (23") reliées de manière stable à une partie intermédiaire cylindrique (23') par l'intermédiaire d'un accouplement par filetage ; chaque partie intermédiaire précitée portant ledit élément de renvoi respectif (26) d'une manière librement rotative.

7. Équipement selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une biellette précitée (23) présente une extension longitudinale qui peut être ajustée sensiblement à volonté par action sur ledit accouplement par filetage entre ladite partie intermédiaire (23') et au moins une partie d'extrémité (23").

8. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de guidage (10) comprennent un équipement mobile (11) portant lesdits moyens de support articulés (25) ; lesdits moyens de guidage (10) comprenant un groupe de déplacement (15) conçu pour déplacer, en utilisation, ledit équipement mobile (11) dans un mouvement de va-et-vient le long d'une direction donnée (L).

9. Équipement selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens de déplacement (15) comprennent des premier et second arbres (16' et 16") pour guider le mouvement dudit équipement mobile (11) ; lesdits premier et second arbres (16' et 16") étant parallèles à ladite direction donnée (L).

10. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 et la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que chaque première ou seconde bielle précitée (21')(22') est conçue pour tourner librement autour d'un premier ou second arbre respectif (16')(16").

11. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 et l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que ledit équipement mobile (11) comprend une base (12) portée par lesdits moyens de déplacement (15) ; ladite base (12) comprenant un cadre précité (12) d'au moins une liaison à parallélogramme déformable (25).

12. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend des moyens d'équilibrage (30) pour lesdits moyens de support articulés (25) pour empêcher ces moyens de support (25) d'être actionnés par la seule gravité.

13. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ou 10 à 11 et la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens d'équilibrage (30) comprennent un dispositif d'équilibrage à contrepoids (300) associé à une liaison à parallélogramme déformable respective précitée ; ledit dispositif d'équilibrage comprenant une chaîne articulée comportant un premier levier (31) solidaire dudit cadre (12), et un second levier (34) solidaire de ladite première ou seconde bielle (21')(22').

14. Équipement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ou 11 à 12 et la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens d'équilibrage (30) comprennent un dispositif élastique (301) comportant au moins un élément de renvoi (36) reliant élastiquement ledit cadre (12) à un prolongement de ladite première ou seconde bielle (21')(22') s'étendant sur un côté opposé vis-à-vis de ladite biellette respective (23) par rapport audit cadre (12).

15. Procédé pour guider le mouvement d'une corde industrielle (2) pendant l'enroulement et/ou le déroulement de celle-ci au moyen d'un treuil respectif (100) en combinaison avec un équipement industriel selon la revendication 1 ; ledit procédé comprenant une étape de déplacement, dans un mouvement de va-et-vient le long d'une direction donnée (L), d'une partie de ladite corde (2), disposée, en utilisation, près du tambour (101) dudit treuil (100) ; ledit procédé comprenant au moins une étape de changement de l'orientation spatiale d'un élément de renvoi (26) de ladite corde (2) par l'action de traction de ladite corde (2), chaque étape précitée de changement de l'orientation spatiale d'un élément de renvoi (26) comprenant une étape de rotation d'une biellette (23) associée à une liaison à parallélogramme déformable respective (25); ladite biellette (23) portant ledit élément de renvoi (26) d'une manière librement rotative, ladite étape de déplacement d'une partie de ladite corde (2) dans un mouvement de va-et-vient le long d'une direction donnée (L) étant précédée d'une étape d'ajustement de l'extension longitudinale d'au moins une biellette précitée (23) par action sur un accouplement à filetage respectif entre une partie intermédiaire (23') et une partie d'extrémité (23") de ladite biellette (23), ladite étape de déplacement dans un mouvement de va-et-vient le long d'une direction donnée (L) d'une partie de ladite corde industrielle (2) étant précédée d'une étape d'introduction axiale de ladite corde (2) dans un siège sensiblement fermé respectif (27) délimité de manière périphérique par une paire desdits éléments de rappel adjacents (26).

Drawing