SYSTEM ALLOWING THE ACTUATION AND TRANSLATIONAL MOVEMENT OF SLIDING DOORS

Abstract

 The invention relates to a system allowing the actuation and translational movement of sliding doors, wherein, for each door leaf, the system comprises a moving frame (1) which is fixed to a leaf support (10) that can be fixed to the door leaf, where said moving frame (1) can move a given release distance in a direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the door leaf, in collaboration with a release guide (2), and where said moving frame (1) can move in a combined manner in a direction parallel to the door leaf, in collaboration with an opening guide (3), defining two end door leaf-closing and -opening positions, said moving frame (1) being actuated by a drive assembly (11, 12), where said moving frame (1) is attached to a supporting element (19) which is attached to a rolling assembly (20) which, in any position, is kept in contact with an inverted T-section (9) the configuration of which defines the path of the leaf between whichever of the closing and opening positions, the system comprising a guide element (17) comprising a casing (18) that is associated with the supporting element (19) such that, in any position, said guide element (17) and said supporting element (19) are kept in contact with the possibility of moving in relation to one another in a direction substantially perpendicular to the leaf, where said casing (18) of the guide element (17) receives the movement thereof from the drive assembly (11, 12).

Description

Technical Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a system allowing the actuation and translational movement of sliding doors, particularly applicable in the field of automatic sliding doors, which can be used, for example, in building entrances as well as in public transport vehicles, preferably in the railway sector and in city and intercity buses, which allows sequentially and automatically actuating the release and translational movement of said doors, said translational movements including door release, opening, closing and locking operations, without any possibility of alteration in the sequence of actions, all this in a simplified manner with respect to current systems, with the subsequent cost reduction that it entails.

Background of the Invention

[0002] Today it is common to use automatic sliding doors in public transport vehicles, such as for example, in the railway sector and any other type of vehicle or even any type of static entrance system in buildings, particularly for public use. Sliding doors are particularly suitable for use in passenger railway vehicles, buses and any other vehicle or fixed installation comprising an entrance, and particularly in those vehicles making very frequent short stops, due to reasons relating to space and stop time savings for passenger transfer, given that this type of doors takes up a minimal space in the opening position, being kept in an arrangement parallel to the side walls of the vehicle which allows preventing obstructions from occurring at the entrances to said vehicles, such as cars or trains. Sliding doors also allow minimizing the vehicle stop time, given that actuation thereof is carried out rapidly.

[0003] This type of doors usually consists of two leaves that move in a parallel manner and external to the vehicle body or to the wall of a building or fixed installation, said leaves being fitted into the door frame when they are in the closing position, completely flush with the vehicle body or with the wall of the building.

[0004] For its actuation, each leaf is linked to a moving frame, one for each door, which moves on guides, and each moving frame is actuated by a guide element which is robust enough and suitably actuated such that it allows the release and suitable longitudinal movement thereof. The guide element which directs said moving frame and is secured by means of an anchoring to a drive which can be a belt or a spindle, which is in turn actuated by an electric motor of any type or, where appropriate, a pneumatic drive.

[0005] In these mechanisms, the belt which can be installed horizontally or vertically in the mechanism always in the longitudinal direction, or, where appropriate, the spindle, has fixed thereto the outer portions of the guide element of a suitable length, referred to as a casing, additionally and for structural reasons, it is also fixed to a longitudinal guide defining, in collaboration with a plurality of connecting rods, the door leaf release and opening path.

[0006] The drawback of these release and guiding systems in other solutions is their high technical complexity in achieving door release, guiding and locking movements, since they need to use connecting rods directing said initial and final movements of the leaves during the sequences of guided release and locking with respect to the door frame.

[0007] On the other hand, in the case of railway vehicles, subways and buses and generally any vehicle having sliding doors, the doors are mainly subjected to two types of stresses. On one hand, they are subjected to vertical actions, the main component of which is due to the actual weight of the door, and on the other hand, they are subjected to horizontal actions, as a result of passenger support and, to a larger extent, of the aerodynamic load produced during vehicle circulation, these actions are increased in the case of trains in situations in which vehicles cross paths or pass through tunnels at medium and high speeds. Said aerodynamic load is even more relevant in the high speed environment, in which case it requires careful consideration. Today for the doors to withstand said stresses, systems comprise blocking means for keeping the door closed once the closing movement thereof ends, nevertheless, said blocking means require in many cases oversizing the elements which the door comprises and particularly the mechanism moving it, which results in an inefficient increase in cost and weight, or the arrangement of additional blocking systems complicating the design of the door system, in addition to increasing cost.

Description of the Invention

[0008] The present invention relates to a system allowing the actuation and translational movement of sliding doors, which allows achieving the release, translational movement, closing and locking of the door by means of a system that is much simpler than current systems, said system being likewise effective.

[0009] The system of the invention is defined in claim 1 and allows the implementation thereof in any type of sliding door including, among others, the automatic doors of railway vehicles, buses or any other vehicle, the application of the invention being able to be extended to fixed installations, all this by means of a system that is much simpler than current systems and therefore less expensive and easy to both install and maintain, the system being likewise as effective as those existing today, in addition to the fact that the possibilities of it failing are reduced significantly as it requires a smaller number of components.

[0010] According to the invention, for its actuation each leaf is linked to a moving frame, one for each door, which moves on guides. Each moving frame is actuated by a guide element suitably actuated such that it allows the release and longitudinal movement thereof. The guide element which directs said moving frame and is secured by means of an anchoring to a drive which can be a belt or a spindle, which is in turn actuated by an electric motor of any type or, where appropriate, a pneumatic drive. The belt which can be installed horizontally or vertically in the mechanism always in the longitudinal direction, or, where appropriate, the spindle, has fixed thereto the outer portions of the guide element, referred to as a casing. The casing of the guide element allows the free movement through its inner portion of a supporting element that moves internally in the guide element and is fixed at one of its ends to a door leaf. Said supporting element is also fixed at another end to vertical axis wheels rolling over an inverted T-section such that they fix the position of the doors according to the transverse axis of the mechanism at all times to suitably direct the longitudinal movement of the doors.

[0011] The system comprises at least one moving frame which is fixed to a leaf support, where said moving frame can move a given release distance in a direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the door leaf, i.e., the transverse direction, in collaboration with the release guides, and in a direction parallel to the door leaf, i.e., the longitudinal direction, thereby defining two end closing and opening positions, said moving frame being actuated by a drive assembly with a pulley and belt or spindle comprising a drive element transmitting movement to said pulley or to said spindle.

[0012] According to the invention, said moving frame is attached to the door leaf by means of an opening guide, allowing the longitudinal movement of the door leaf, such that said moving frame moves outwards and inwards integrally with the door leaves and supporting their weight by means of two release guides located in a transverse direction. The position of the door leaves is fixed during their entire travel by the position of the supporting element with respect to an inverted T-shaped guide.

[0013] The system comprising blocking means for blocking the supporting element consisting of at least one hook element preventing outward movement when the door is in the closing position is also contemplated. According to this possibility, the transmission of movement between the belt or spindle and the casing being performed by means of a part with an elongated hole which allows deferring the translational movement of the leaf with respect to the movement of the belt or spindle is contemplated, allowing suitable freeing of the blocking and the start of the release of the door leaves, taking advantage of the fact that during this distance, which according to a preferred embodiment said free path in the part with an elongated hole can be of about 10 mm, the movement of the door leaves is not acted on, only the blocking freeing mechanism being acted on.

[0014] In relation to blocking systems, the invention contemplates two alternative solutions. The first solution comprises automatically blocking the door leaves by means of a system located in the lower portion of the mechanism. Said system comprises two parts having a suitable shape, each surrounding bolts secured to each of the door leaves in the closing movement thereof. Once the closing has taken place, these parts are in turn automatically blocked by means of wedges integral with one another and actuated by a mechanism and a ram which is kept in place by means of a spring. By means of a cam suitably located in the belt or in the spindle and by making use of the free path of the elongated hole delaying the opening movement, the freeing of the mentioned wedges is actuated and then, as the movement starts to be transmitted to the door leaves, once the end of the elongated hole mentioned above is reached, the freeing of the door leaves occurs. Once this freeing has taken place, the wedges remain assembled by means of the spring to again block the system in the next cycle.

[0015] The second solution comprises two supports having a suitable shape which allow housing each of the friction catches secured to each of the door leaves. When the door reaches its closing position, a friction catch slides over the end of the mentioned support, being wedged therein. By means of a cam suitably located in the belt or in the spindle and also by making use of the free path of the elongated hole delaying the opening movement, the freeing of the mentioned friction catches is actuated and then the release of the door leaves occurs. Once this freeing has taken place, the friction catches remain assembled by means of the spring to again block the system in the next cycle.

[0016] The output shaft of the drive element having a vertical or horizontal arrangement, where appropriate, the standard arrangement being parallel to the transverse direction, is contemplated.

[0017] The system comprising two leaves the closing and opening actuation of which is symmetrical with respect to a vertical central axis, or a single leaf, which is particularly useful in front doors of buses, is also contemplated.

[0018] A second aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, which can be railway or public road transport vehicle, comprising a system such as the one described above. Said second aspect of the invention also relates to a building comprising a system such as the one described installed at an entrance.

Description of the Drawings

[0019] To complement the description that is being made and for the purpose of better understanding the features of the invention according to a preferred practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description in which the following has been depicted with an illustrative and non-limiting character:

Figure 1 shows a schematic, isometric perspective view of a first embodiment of the system of the invention actuated by a belt drive assembly.

Figure 2 shows a schematic, isometric perspective view of a second embodiment of the system of the invention actuated by a spindle drive assembly.

Figure 3 shows a bottom plan view of the system depicted in Figures 1 and 2, in which the two moving carriages, the transversely arranged release guides allowing the release of the door leaves and supporting same, and the longitudinally arranged opening guide allowing the movement of the door leaves, can be seen.

Figure 4 shows a bottom rear perspective view of the system in which the system used for assuring parallelism in the release of the door leaves, by means of two cogwheels and an idler shaft joining them, which are fixed to the moving frame, which by means of two cog rails fixed to the fixed frame meshing with the mentioned cogwheels allow assuring said parallelism, can be seen.

Figure 5 shows a top front perspective view of the elements which the fixed support frame of the system comprises, in which the U-shaped section assuring force transfer from the blocking mechanism to the frame of the vehicle or, where appropriate, to a fixed structure, can be seen.

Figure 6 shows a perspective view like that of Figure 1, in which the upper section has been omitted from the depiction to better show the elements arranged inside the system, including the support and casing assemblies, the guide elements, the guided elements and the drive assembly with a pulley and belt.

Figure 7 shows a perspective view like that of Figure 2, in which the upper section has been omitted from the depiction to better show the elements arranged inside the system, including the support and casing assemblies, the guide elements, the guided elements and the drive assembly with a spindle.

Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a detail of the supporting element, the guide element and casing, the system being in the closing and locking position.

Figure 9 shows two elevational and perspective views of a detail of the part with an elongated hole which allows deferring the translational movement with respect to the blocking in a drive assembly with pulley and belt, in which a cam can be seen attached to the belt, such that during the translational movement of the belt the cam actuates the rocker arm which allows unblocking the system.

Figure 10 shows two inner and outer perspective views of a detail of the part with an elongated hole which allows deferring the translational movement with respect to the blocking in a drive assembly with spindle, in which a cam can be seen attached to the spindle, such that during the translational movement of the spindle the cam actuates the rocker arm which allows unblocking the system.

Figure 11 shows a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of the blocking means in the locking position, i.e., in the closed and blocked position, where said blocking means are located in the lower portion of the system of the invention.

Figure 12 shows a plan view of the first embodiment depicted in Figure 11, in which the blocking and unblocking positions have been schematically depicted with different lines, in said drawing the unblocking or freeing position is shown in a discontinuous line, whereas the blocking means have been depicted in the blocking position in a solid line.

Figure 13 shows a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the blocking means in the locking position, where said blocking means are also located in the lower portion.

Figure 14 shows a plan view of the second embodiment depicted in Figure 13, in which the blocking and unblocking positions have been schematically depicted with different lines, where the dashed line represents the unblocking or freeing position, whereas the blocking position has been depicted in a solid line.

Figure 15 shows a top front perspective view of an embodiment variant of the system of the invention comprising a single door leaf.

Figure 16 shows a plan view of an embodiment variant of the system of the invention, in which two motors have been used to achieve the independent opening of the door leaves.

Figure 17 shows a top plan view in which three positions of the opening movement of the system have been depicted.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

[0020] In view of the described drawings, it can be seen how in one of the possible embodiments of the invention the system allowing the actuation and translational movement of sliding doors proposed by the invention is arranged in a vehicle comprising a door closing sensor and a door blocking sensor configured to prevent starting said vehicle in the event that said sensors detect that the door is not closed and blocked.

[0021] As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention relates to a system allowing the actuation and translational movement of sliding doors comprising two moving frames (1), one for each door leaf, suspended from a lower section (5) made of extruded aluminum leaving enough space in the central portion thereof for installing a blocking system that will be described below.

[0022] The moving frames (1) have a U shape and are formed by three sections, one of them a longitudinal section to which an opening guide (3) allowing the longitudinal movement of the door leaf is secured. Said opening guide (3) is in turn attached to the door leaf by means of a leaf supporting or connecting part (10). Each moving frame (1) is completed with other two sections in a transverse direction in order to complete the U shape, each of which is attached to a release guide (2) which is in turn also attached to a support section (4) of the moving frame (1), and they allow a suitable inward and outward movement, according to a preferred embodiment in the order of 60-100 mm.

[0023] The lower section (5) to which the moving frames (1) supporting the doors are attached, is attached to an upper section (7) by means of a plurality of side sections (6), preferably two in number and assembled on the sides, which allows forming a fixed frame of the system, as can be seen in Figure 5, among others, and at the same time leaves the necessary space therein for housing and supporting the release means, the transmission means and the drive assembly with a pulley and belt (12) or spindle (11), where appropriate, as depicted in Figures 6 and 7, respectively, although it can also be another type of movement-producing drive element, such as a pneumatic cylinder, a linear motor, etc.

[0024] The blocking system acting automatically when the doors close and reach their "closed door" and locking position, aligned with the side surface of the vehicle or wall, of whatever kind, is freed as the doors start to open in the following manner: as can be seen in Figures 9 and 10, the belt (12) or the spindle (11), respectively, in the suitable location, have a support transmitting the movement to the door leaf where a part with an elongated hole (15, 16) is located, depending on whether it is a belt or spindle, a distance in the order of 10 mm, such that this clearance is used for freeing the blocking by means of a belt-guide element (13) or spindle-guide element (14) attachment, depending on the case.

[0025] The freeing of the blocking, in this case, the blockings, one for each door leaf, are actuated by the parts indicated above, causing the release and movement of the door leaves along the side of the vehicle once the doors are freed.

[0026] This situation is detected and monitored by the electronics box receiving information from the closing and blocking indication relays installed in the equipment as well as the relative position of the doors.

[0027] The doors are configured for sequentially operating a movement which allows unlocking in the closing position, so that a transverse movement for release thereof and a longitudinal movement for opening thereof are subsequently combined and the possibility of installing same in railway vehicles as well as in any other public transport vehicle, buses, tramways, as well as fixed installations, for example, in building entrances or platform doors, being contemplated.

[0028] Actuation means are understood as the means necessary for releasing a door, specifically a leaf door, when it is locked in the closing position, to then cause the translational movement of said door, in a manner parallel to the actual plane of the door in order to reach an opening position in which the door frame is open and fully accessible. Likewise, the actuation means are configured for causing the translational movement of said door from the opening position to the closing position, in which the door is locked, again being in a situation prior to its release.

[0029] The door release movement is in fact the start of door opening, for which the possibility of the door being released according to different leaf exit movements or paths is contemplated, according to application and/or requirements of the door system in order to reach the closing position, the standard system only considers that maximum release is reached at fifty percent of the longitudinal travel thereof, on the other hand, compatible with not producing interferences with the vehicle body.

[0030] It must be indicated that if the release of the doors is not required, the inverted T-section (9) would be straight and the blocking system would work in a similar but simpler manner, like in the case of doors with linear opening and without release.

[0031] The possibility of the drive assembly (11, 12) comprising a drive element, i.e., a power source which can be of any type, such as for example, an electric motor or controller, a pneumatic cylinder actuated by compressed air supplied by the vehicle or the fixed installation or any other type of energy generating or producing means, including a manual drive, is contemplated, so the system of the invention is highly versatile as the operation thereof is allowed with different power sources.

[0032] The blocking means are rigidly attached to a U-shaped reinforcement section (8) preferably made of high strength steel, which is rigidly attached to the vehicle body, thereby transmitting the stresses produced as a result of the aerodynamic loads and the actions of the passengers on the same body without affecting the structure of the mechanism.

[0033] Given that said doors are not transmitting horizontal loads to the structure of the mechanism, due for example to pressure changes occurring between the inside and outside of the vehicle when trains cross paths, but rather only support the actual vertical load of the door, the blocking means and the rotating bars being the elements supporting said horizontal load or thrust and transmit same to the structure of the vehicle or fixed element, which allows making optimal use of the design of the mechanism, while at the same time increasing safety and minimizing the risk of failure.

[0034] In the systems used today, all the components of the loads the door was subjected to, for example, during train and bus circulation, were transmitted to the opening/closing mechanism, with the subsequent risk of failure that it entails, particularly in light of load peaks, particularly in light of horizontal thrusts that are produced the instant in which two trains cross paths.

[0035] Since blocking is supported by the C-shaped section made of high strength steel, the loads produced by these actions are transmitted directly to the structure of the vehicle or fixed element, so it does not affect the design of the mechanism, as well as to the rotating bars secured to the structure of the vehicle by means of suitable supports allowing the rotation thereof

[0036] The blocking means can therefore withstand very high loads due to horizontal actions when trains cross paths, which can even have values ranging from 4000 Pa to 9000 Pa.

[0037] Therefore, as regards load distribution, the system or blocking means are independent, supporting horizontal loads, although it shares the actuation thereof with the translational means, i.e., with the system causing the closing and opening movements, supporting vertical loads, which allows optimizing the blocking method and better withstanding horizontal forces.

[0038] As can be seen in Figure 10, in relation to the first blocking system, the shape and orientation of the groove-cam (28) can be horizontal or vertical, complying in any case with its functionality of housing and retaining the retaining bolt, which is determined by the actual design characteristics of the rest of the components external to the door, for example, according to the situation of the railway vehicle cleaning mechanisms.

[0039] The operation of the blocking means can be understood in view of Figure 11, the system being depicted in said drawing in the closing and blocking position. The hook element (23) surrounds a lug which is attached to the door leaf, such that it keeps said door leaf in a closed position secured to the structure of the vehicle, or a fixed structure of the building in which the door is installed.

[0040] The wedge element (24) in turn keeps the hook element (23) in the closing position. Both the hook element (23) and wedge element (24) can rotate about the axes indicated in Figure 11. When the rod or ram (30) is slid upwards by means of the system described above, controlled by the belt (12) or by the spindle (11) making use of the corresponding elongated hole (15, 16), the ties or connecting rods (29) pull on the wedge elements (24) causing them to rotate about their shaft and freeing the hook element (23), which likewise can also rotate about its shaft, so upon pulling on the belt (12) or on the spindle (11), the door leaf can freely come out of its closed position as the blocking situation has been eliminated.

[0041] Due to the action of a spring or an equivalent system, the ram (30) keeps the system in a "ready-for-blocking" position which, when the door leaf returns to its closed position, blocks same, the cycle being complete. These blocking means are referred to as friction catch blocking means.

[0042] Figure 12 shows in a discontinuous line the position of the unblocked or freed system with respect to the depiction of the blocked system, which is indicated with a solid line. The wedge element (24), when being actuated by the connecting rod (29), rotates and in turn leaves the hook element (23) free to rotate, which upon rotating allows the lug fixed to the door leaf to be able come out of its housing, causing the free opening of the door leaf.

[0043] In this same sense, Figures 13 and 14 depict an embodiment variant of the blocking means, where two friction catches (25), each of which is attached to the door leaf by means of the leaf support (10) can be seen, such that said door leaf is fixed in its closing and blocking position by the action of the friction catch support (26), where said friction catch (25) can be a simple friction catch, similar or identical to that used in any conventional lock and to that used universally, where the lock is kept in its blocking position by the action of a spring or an equivalent system which, on the other hand, is a sufficiently reliable, well-proven and widely used system.

[0044] In said embodiment depicted in Figures 13 and 14, when the central rod or ram actuates the ties or connecting rods when being pushed by the cam (28) controlled by the belt (12) or spindle (11), making use of the elongated hole (15, 16) described above, the friction catch support (26) moves backward freeing the friction catch (25), which is rigidly attached to the door leaf (10), allowing it to slide freely when being actuated by the belt (12) or spindle (11), being ready thereafter to block it again since, as indicated, the friction catch (25) is assembled on a spring or an equivalent system pushing it back to its blocking position, thus being prepared for repeating the cycle.

[0045] Figure 14 depicts in a dashed line the system in the unblocking or freeing position, as the rod is being actuated by the friction catch support (26) by means of the ties, leaving the friction catch (25) free and therefore leaving the door leaf (10) itself free, a position in which the spring or equivalent system would be in a load-bearing situation, i.e., compressed situation, ready to perform the automatic blocking, as the subsequent closing of the door leaves (10) takes place.

[0046] It must be stated that the system already employs the possibility of the blocking systems comprising at least one automatic blocking mechanism of the type of automatic blocking/closing mechanisms acting on the friction catch of the closing mechanism of a conventional door.

[0047] Said automatic blocking mechanism comprises elastic means, such as for example, springs, which are configured for acting permanently on the blocking lug, such that it acts permanently on the retaining part, i.e., such that said blocking lug, and therefore the blocking means, are permanently loaded for locking the door.

[0048] The emergency freeing of the blocking system is performed without problems by acting in parallel with the normal system, by means of cable or links actuated by standard handles located inside the vehicle and accessible to the passengers according to the legislations in force in any administration. The same applies for fixed installations.

[0049] This system is compatible with the use of means sufficiently tried and tested through the use of friction catch in conventional locks which can indeed by used if the design so requires, all this without any additional problem.

[0050] The exit or release distance is usually between 60-100 mm, although the mechanism can reach greater values.

[0051] As can be seen in Figures 6, 7, 10 and 17, the casing (18) inside which the element transmitting the necessary force to the door leaves slides to cause their release and subsequent movement, is tilted an angle α which is preferably in a range of 3°-5° with respect to that transverse to the movement of the train to facilitate the movement of the inner part and to reduce the risk of blocking. A damping element consisting of a spring or springs which can be asymmetrical or a rubber element having suitable characteristics can be placed inside or outside the mentioned suitably located elements, a combination of the elements having the function of damping the blow produced upon closing and also aiding the opening of the door leaves, being particularly useful in cases of emergency, being able to be considered where appropriate.

[0052] In the embodiment for buses, both double doors and single doors with the aforementioned features are contemplated, which doors must not protrude from the body when opening more than about 35-40 mm.

[0053] The system detects the presence of a passenger or obstacle preventing the movement of the door leaf or leaves, which causes the electronics box to stop the movement.

[0054] In view of this description and set of drawings, the person skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of the invention which have been described can be combined in several ways within the object of the invention. The invention has been described according to several preferred embodiments thereof, but for the person skilled in the art it will be obvious that multiple variations can be introduced in said preferred embodiments without exceeding the object of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. System allowing translational release movement and blocking actuation of sliding doors, in which, for each door leaf, the system comprises a moving frame (1) which is fixed to a leaf support (10) that can be fixed to the door leaf, where said moving frame (1) can move a given release distance in a direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the door leaf, in collaboration with at least one release guide (2), and where said moving frame (1) can move in a combined manner in a direction parallel to the door leaf, in collaboration with an opening guide (3), defining two end door leaf-closing and -opening positions, said moving frame (1) being actuated by a drive assembly (11, 12),
characterized in that
said moving frame (1) is attached to a supporting element (19) which is attached to a rolling assembly (20) which, in any position, is kept in contact with an inverted T-section (9) the configuration of which defines the path of the leaf between whichever of the closing and opening positions, the system comprising a guide element (17) comprising a casing (18) that is associated with the supporting element (19) such that, in any position, said guide element (17) and said supporting element (19) are kept in contact with the possibility of moving in relation to one another in a direction substantially perpendicular to the leaf, where said casing (18) of the guide element (17) receives the movement thereof from the drive assembly (11, 12).

2. System according to claim 1, wherein the supporting element (19) is formed as a telescopic element with the possibility of moving in relation to the casing (18) of the guide element (17).

3. System according to any of the preceding claims, comprising blocking means comprising at least one hook element (23) acting with respect to a wedge element (24) when the door leaf is in the closing position.

4. System according to claim 3, wherein the transmission of movement between the drive assembly (11, 12) and the guide element (17) is performed by means of a part with an elongated hole (15, 16) which allows deferring the translational movement of the door leaf to deactivate the blocking means before starting the movement of the door leaf from the closing position towards an opening position.

5. System according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the drive assembly (11, 12) comprises a drive element having a vertical arrangement, substantially parallel to the plane of the leaf.

6. System according to any of the preceding claims, comprising blocking means comprising a cam (28) which can house and retain a retaining bolt, comprising a hook element (23) which can surround a lug which is attached to the door leaf (10), such that it keeps said door leaf (10) in a closed position and secured to a structure of the vehicle or fixed structure comprising a wedge element (24) which can keep the hook element (23) in the closing position, such that when a ram (30) is slid upwards by means of the actuation of the cam (28), controlled by the belt (12) or by the spindle (11) making use of the corresponding elongated hole (15, 16), the connecting rods (29) pull on the wedge elements (24) causing them to rotate about their shaft and freeing the hook element (23), which, likewise, can also rotate about an shaft, so upon pulling on the belt (12) or on the spindle (11) the door leaf can freely come out of its closed position.

7. System according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising blocking means comprising two friction catches (25), each of which is attached to the door leaf (10), such that said door leaf is fixed in its closing and blocking position by the action of a friction catch support (26), such that when a ram actuates connecting rods when being pushed by the cam (28) controlled by the belt (12) or spindle (11), making use of the elongated hole (15, 16), the friction catch support (26) moves backward freeing the friction catch (25), which is rigidly attached to the door leaf (10), allowing said door to slide freely when being actuated by the belt (12) or spindle (11), subsequently being ready to block it again since each friction catch (25) is assembled by a system pushing it back to its blocking position.

8. System according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising two leaves the closing and opening actuation of which is symmetrical with respect to a vertical central axis.

9. System according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising a single leaf.

10. Railway vehicle comprising a system according to any of the preceding claims.

11. Public road transport vehicle comprising a system according to any of claims 1 to 9.

12. Building comprising a system according to any of claims 1 to 9 installed at an entrance.

Drawing