BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a spun yarn drawing apparatus configured to draw
yarns spun out from a spinning apparatus.
[0002] For example, Patent Literature 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
2014-77221) discloses a spun yarn drawing apparatus configured to draw yarns such as polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) yarns spun out from a spinning apparatus. The spun yarn drawing
apparatus includes: at least one first roller; and a plurality of second rollers which
are provided downstream of the first roller in a yarn running direction. Each second
roller has a yarn feeding speed higher than that of the first roller, and functions
as a heating roller. The yarns spun out from the spinning apparatus are drawn between
the first roller and the second roller, and the thus drawn yarns are heat-set by the
second rollers. Physical properties of the yarns are controlled by changing conditions
in such a drawing process and a heat-set process.
[0003] Specifically, the boiling water shrinkage (BWS) of the yarns is reduced by setting
the yarn feeding speeds of the second rollers so that between every two second rollers
adjacent to each other in a yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of the
second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than that
of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction, to perform relaxation
heat treatment in which the yarns are heat-set in a relaxed state. Meanwhile, the
Young's modulus ("modulus") of the yarns is increased by setting the yarn feeding
speeds of the second rollers so that between every two second rollers adjacent to
each other in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of the second roller
located downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than that of the second
roller located upstream in the yarn running direction, to perform heat treatment under
tension in which the yarns are heat-set in a stretched state.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] As described above, in the spun yarn drawing apparatus described in Patent Literature
1, the physical properties of the yarns are adjusted by changing the yarn feeding
speeds of the second rollers thereby to change the tension of the yarns during the
heat-set process. However, through such change in the yarn feeding speeds of the second
rollers alone, there has been a limit on the range of the control of the physical
properties.
[0005] In view of the above problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a
spun yarn drawing apparatus which enables a wider range of control of physical properties
of yarns.
[0006] According to the first aspect of the present invention, a spun yarn drawing apparatus
configured to draw a yarn spun out from a spinning apparatus includes: at least one
first roller; three or more second rollers located downstream of the first roller
in a yarn running direction, each of which second rollers functions as a heating roller
and has a yarn feeding speed higher than that of the first roller; a speed controller
configured to control the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second rollers;
and a temperature controller configured to control temperatures of the three or more
second rollers. The speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three
or more second rollers so that between every two second rollers which are adjacent
to each other in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of the second
roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than the yarn feeding
speed of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction; and the
temperature controller controls the temperatures of the three or more second rollers
so that the temperature of the second roller located most downstream in the yarn running
direction is higher than or equal to the temperature of each of the remaining second
rollers.
[0007] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the yarn is drawn between
the first roller and the second roller, and the yarn feeding speeds of the three or
more second rollers are controlled so that between every two second rollers which
are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of
the second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than the
yarn feeding speed of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction.
Thus, performed is relaxation heat treatment in which the yarn is heat-set in a relaxed
state. In this process, as the yarn travels downstream in the yarn running direction,
the relaxed state of the yarn is enhanced. In addition, the temperature of the second
roller located most downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal
to the temperatures of the remaining second rollers. Therefore, the yarn is strongly
heated in the situation where the relaxed state of the yarn has been enhanced and
its molecules have a high mobility. By controlling the temperatures of the second
rollers in addition to the yarn feeding speeds of the second rollers as described
above, molecular chains are effectively relaxed, and thereby effects of the relaxation
heat treatment are enhanced than before. This enables a wider range of control of
physical properties of the yarn.
[0008] It is preferable that the temperature controller controls the temperatures of the
three or more second rollers so that between every two second rollers which are adjacent
to each other in the yarn running direction, the temperature of the second roller
located downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to the temperature
of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction.
[0009] With this arrangement, the more downstream in the yarn running direction the yarn
travels, that is, the more the relaxed state of the yarn is enhanced, the more strongly
the yarn is heated. This surely and effectively enhances the effects of the relaxation
heat treatment.
[0010] It is more preferable that the temperature controller controls the temperatures of
the three or more second rollers so that between every two second rollers which are
adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the temperature of the second
roller located upstream in the yarn running direction is lower than the temperature
of the second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction.
[0011] As described above, to enhance the effects of the relaxation heat treatment, it
is only required that the temperature of the second roller located most downstream
in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to each of the temperatures
of the remaining second rollers. That is, each of the temperatures of the remaining
second rollers may be identical to the temperature of the second roller located most
downstream in the yarn running direction. However, in the situation where the yarn
is little relaxed, the molecular chains cannot be efficiently relaxed even though
the yarn is strongly heated, and therefore the effect brought by the heating is smaller
for the yarn traveling upstream in the yarn running direction. Thus, by controlling
the temperatures of the second rollers so that between every two second rollers which
are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the temperature of the roller
located upstream in the yarn running direction is lower than that of the roller located
downstream in the yarn running direction, useless heating is reduced, and the physical
properties of the yarn are efficiently controlled.
[0012] Further, it is preferable that a heating device configured to heat the yarn is provided
in at least one of sections each of which is between two second rollers adjacent to
each other in the yarn running direction out of the three or more second rollers.
[0013] The thus provided heating device improves the performance of the heat treatment,
and enables the yarn to be heat-set well.
[0014] It is more preferable that the heating device is disposed between the two second
rollers which are located most downstream in the yarn running direction.
[0015] With this arrangement, the yarn which has been relaxed is further heated by the heating
device. As a result, the effects of the relaxation heat treatment are further enhanced.
This enables a still wider range of control of the physical properties of the yarn.
[0016] It is preferable that the spun yarn drawing apparatus further includes a thermal
insulation box which houses at least one of the three or more second rollers, and
that the heating device is disposed inside the thermal insulation box.
[0017] Because the heating device is disposed inside the thermal insulation box, the loss
of heat from the heating device is reduced, which improves the effects of the heat
treatment by the heating device.
[0018] In contrast to the above, the spun yarn drawing apparatus may further include a thermal
insulation box which houses at least one of the three or more second rollers, and
the spun yarn drawing apparatus may be arranged such that the heating device is disposed
outside the thermal insulation box.
[0019] The above arrangement, in which the heating device is disposed outside the thermal
insulation box, allows the size of the heating device to be increased irrespective
of the size of the thermal insulation box. With this, the heating performance of the
heating device is easily improved.
[0020] It is preferable that the speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the
three or more second rollers so that tension of the yarn traveling between every two
second rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction is not
less than 0.05 g/de.
[0021] If the tension of the yarn is less than 0.05 g/de, yarn swaying may occur, which
possibly causes undesirable winding of the yarn around the rollers and/or yarn breakage.
These problems are avoided or reduced by controlling the tension of the yarn to be
not less than 0.05 g/de.
[0022] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a spun yarn drawing apparatus
configured to draw a yarn spun out from a spinning apparatus includes: at least one
first roller; three or more second rollers located downstream of the first roller
in a yarn running direction, each of which second rollers has a yarn feeding speed
higher than that of the first roller, out of the three or more second rollers, one
or more second rollers functioning as heating rollers at least except the second roller
located most downstream in the yarn running direction; a speed controller configured
to control the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second rollers; and a temperature
controller configured to control temperatures of the one or more second rollers functioning
as the heating rollers out of the three or more second rollers. The speed controller
controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second rollers so that between
every two second rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction,
the yarn feeding speed of the second roller located downstream in the yarn running
direction is higher than the yarn feeding speed of the second roller located upstream
in the yarn running direction; and the temperature controller controls the temperatures
of the one or more second rollers functioning as the heating rollers out of the three
or more second rollers so that the temperature of the second roller located most upstream
in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to the temperature of each of
the remaining second rollers.
[0023] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the yarn is drawn between
the first roller and the second roller, and the yarn feeding speeds of the three or
more second rollers are controlled so that between every two second rollers which
are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of
the second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than
the yarn feeding speed of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction.
Thus, performed is heat treatment under tension in which the yarn is heat-set in a
stretched state. In this process, as the yarn travels downstream in the yarn running
direction, the stretched state of the yarn is enhanced. In addition, the temperature
of the second roller located most upstream in the yarn running direction is higher
than or equal to the temperatures of each of the remaining second rollers. Therefore,
the yarn is strongly heated in the situation where the stretched state of the yarn
is at a lower level and its molecules have a high mobility. Further, since the increase
in the temperature of the yarn by the second rollers located downstream in the yarn
running direction is suppressed, relaxation of stretched molecular chains is prevented.
By controlling the temperatures of the second rollers in addition to the yarn feeding
speeds of the second rollers as described above, crystallization is effectively facilitated
and the relaxation of the stretched molecular chains is prevented. Thus, effects of
the heat treatment under tension are enhanced than before. This enables a wider range
of control of the physical properties of the yarn.
[0024] It is preferable that the temperature controller controls the temperatures of the
one or more second rollers functioning as the heating rollers out of the three or
more second rollers so that between every two second rollers which are adjacent to
each other in the yarn running direction, the temperature of the second roller located
upstream in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to the temperature
of the second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction.
[0025] With this arrangement, the more upstream in the yarn running direction the yarn travels,
the more strongly the yarn is heated. In other words, the yarn is strongly heated
in the situation where crystallization has not yet proceeded and thus the molecules
have a high mobility. This surely and efficiently enhances the effects of the heat
treatment under tension.
[0026] It is more preferable that the temperature controller controls the temperatures of
the one or more second rollers out of the three or more second rollers so that between
every two second rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction,
the temperature of the second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction
is lower than the temperature of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running
direction.
[0027] As described above, to enhance the effects of the heat treatment under tension, it
is only required that the temperature of the second roller located most upstream in
the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to each of the temperatures of
the remaining second rollers. That is, each of the temperatures of the remaining second
rollers may be identical to the temperature of the second roller located most upstream
in the yarn running direction. However, after the yarn has been well-stretched, the
crystallization cannot efficiently proceed even though the yarn is strongly heated,
and therefore the effect brought by the heating is smaller for the yarn traveling
downstream in the yarn running direction. Further, because the increase in the temperature
of the yarn by the second rollers located downstream in the yarn running direction
is suppressed, the relaxation of the stretched molecular chains is prevented. Thus,
by controlling the temperatures of the second rollers so that between every two second
rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the temperature
of the roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than that
of the roller located upstream in the yarn running direction, useless heating is reduced,
and the relaxation of the stretched molecular chains is prevented. Thus, the physical
properties of the yarn are efficiently controlled.
[0028] Further, it is preferable that the speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds
of the three or more second rollers so that tension of the yarn traveling between
every two second rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction
does not exceed 1 g/de.
[0029] If the tension of the yarn exceeds 1 g/de, yarn breakage and/or fluff may occur.
These problems are avoided or reduced by controlling the tension of the yarn so that
the tension does not exceed 1 g/de.
[0030] In both of the first and second aspects of the present invention, it is preferable
that the speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second
rollers so that a difference in the yarn feeding speed between every two second rollers
which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction does not exceed 30
m/min.
[0031] With this arrangement, the tension of the yarn is properly kept, to prevent undesirable
winding of the yarn around a roller and/or yarn breakage.
[0032] In the present invention, controlling the temperatures in addition to the yarn feeding
speeds of the three or more second rollers enables a wider range of control of the
physical properties of the yarn.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033]
[FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is a front elevation of a spun yarn winding machine including a spun
yarn drawing apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention.
[FIG. 2] FIG. 2 is a profile of the spun yarn winding machine including the spun yarn
drawing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention.
[FIG. 3] FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the spun yarn drawing apparatus.
[FIG. 4] FIG. 4 is a front elevation of a spun yarn winding machine including a spun
yarn drawing apparatus of another embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0034] The following will describe an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front
elevation of a spun yarn winding machine including a spun yarn drawing apparatus of
an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a profile of the spun yarn winding
machine including the spun yarn drawing apparatus of the embodiment of the present
invention. FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the spun yarn drawing apparatus.
[0035] As shown in FIGs. 1 and 2, a spun yarn winding machine 1 includes a spun yarn drawing
apparatus 2 and a take-up winder 3. The spun yarn winding machine 1 is configured
so that: yarns Y spun out and continuously supplied from a spinning apparatus 4 located
above the spun yarn drawing apparatus 2 are drawn by the spun yarn drawing apparatus
2; and the yarns Y are fed to the take-up winder 3 to be wound up by the take-up winder
3. Examples of the yarns Y include PET yarns which require preliminary heating before
being drawn. Note that, oil is applied by an oiler guide (not illustrated) to the
yarns Y spun out from the spinning apparatus 4.
[0036] The spun yarn drawing apparatus 2 is configured to draw the yarns Y spun out from
the spinning apparatus 4, and the details thereof will be described later.
[0037] The take-up winder 3 is provided below the spinning apparatus 4. The take-up winder
3 is configured to wind the yarns Y, which are supplied from the spinning apparatus
4 via the spun yarn drawing apparatus 2, on respective bobbins B, to form packages
P. The take-up winder 3 includes: guide rollers 5 and 6; a plurality of fulcrum guides
7; two winding units 8; and the like.
[0038] Each of the guide rollers 5 and 6 is a drive roller rotationally driven by a motor
which is not illustrated. The yarns Y fed from the spun yarn drawing apparatus 2 are
fed, by the guide rollers 5 and 6, to the fulcrum guides 7 located below the guide
rollers 5 and 6.
[0039] Above each of the two winding units 8, the fulcrum guides 7 are arranged in a front-back
direction at intervals each of which is substantially the same as the length of each
of the bobbins B. The fulcrum guides 7 are provided so as to respectively correspond
to traverse guides 12 which will be described later, and each fulcrum guide 7 functions
as a fulcrum when the corresponding yarn Y is traversed in the front-back direction
by the corresponding traverse guide 12.
[0040] Each winding unit 8 includes: a main body frame 9; a disc-shaped turret 10 rotatably
provided to the main body frame 9; two bobbin holders 11 each of which extends in
the front-back direction while being supported by the turret 10 in a cantilever manner,
and onto each of which bobbin holders 11, the bobbins B are attached along in its
axial direction; the traverse guides 12 configured to traverse the yarns Y; a contact
roller 13 which is movable in an up-down direction relative to the main body frame
9, and is configured to come into contact with and move away from the bobbins B attached
to each bobbin holder 11; and the like.
[0041] In the winding unit 8, one of the bobbin holders 11 is rotated by a not-illustrated
motor, to rotate the bobbins B attached onto this bobbin holder 11, and thereby the
yarns Y are wound on the rotating bobbins B. In this process, the yarns Y to be wound
on the bobbins B are traversed about the respective fulcrum guides 7 in the axial
direction of the bobbins B by the respective traverse guides 12 located above the
bobbins B.
[0042] Then, the yarns Y having been traversed about the respective fulcrum guides 7 by
the respective traverse guides 12 are wound on the respective bobbins B, to form the
packages P. While the yarns Y are thus wound on the respective bobbins B, the contact
roller 13 comes into contact with outer circumferential surfaces of the package P,
and rotates while applying a predetermined contact pressure to the packages P, to
properly shape the packages P. After fully wound, the packages P attached to the bobbin
holder 11 are pushed toward the front by a not-illustrated pusher, to be detached
from the bobbin holder 11.
[0043] Now, the spun yarn drawing apparatus 2 will be described. The spun yarn drawing apparatus
2 includes: first godet rollers 21a and 21b; second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c;
a third godet roller 23; a thermal insulation box 24; a heating device 25, an interlacing
device 26; and the like. The spun yarn drawing apparatus 2 is located below the spinning
apparatus 4.
[0044] The first godet rollers 21a and 21b and the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c
are disposed inside the thermal insulation box 24. The first godet rollers 21a and
21b are located above the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c. The first godet
roller 21b is located higher than and leftward of the first godet roller 21a. The
second godet roller 22b is located higher than and rightward of the second godet roller
22a. The second godet roller 22c is located lower than and rightward of the second
godet roller 22b. The third godet roller 23 is disposed outside the thermal insulation
box 24, and is located higher than and rightward of the second godet roller 22c. The
yarns Y are wound onto the thus arranged godet rollers 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 22c, and
23 in this order at winding angles within 360 degrees, to define a yarn path.
[0045] The godet rollers 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 22c, and 23 are drive rollers each rotationally
driven by a motor M (FIG. 3). Of these, the first godet rollers 21a and 21b and the
second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c are heating rollers each having a heater H
(FIG. 3) inside thereof. Meanwhile, the third godet roller 23 is a non-heating roller
which does not include a heater. Yarn feeding speeds and temperatures of the godet
rollers 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 22c, and 23 are controlled by a controller 30 shown in
FIG. 3.
[0046] As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 30 includes a speed controller 31 and a temperature
controller 32. The speed controller 31 controls the motors M of the godet rollers
21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 22c, and 23, and thereby controls yarn feeding speeds V1, V2,
V3, V4, V5, and V6 of the godet rollers 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 22c, and 23. The temperature
controller 32 controls the heaters H of the first godet rollers 21a and 21b and of
the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c, and thereby controls temperatures T1,
T2, T3, T4, and T5 of the first godet rollers 21a and 21b and of the second godet
rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c. The temperature controller 32 also controls a temperature
Th of the heating device 25 which will be described later.
[0047] The controller 30 is configured to allow an operator to set conditions such as the
yarn feeding speeds and the temperatures through an input means such as a not-illustrated
keyboard. Functions of the speed controller 31 and the temperature controller 32 included
in the controller 30 are implemented by hardware such as a microprocessor and software
such as a program, which cooperate with each other. Note that, the speed controller
31 and the temperature controller 32 are separately named herein to represent their
respective functions. The speed controller 31 and the temperature controller 32 do
not always have to be formed independently from each other in terms of a physical
aspect. Alternatively, the speed controller 31 and the temperature controller 32 may
be provided individually for each of the godet rollers 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 22c, and
23.
[0048] Referring back to FIG. 1, the thermal insulation box 24 is a box of a substantially
rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is made of heat insulating material. The thermal
insulation box 24 houses the first godet rollers 21a and 21b, the second godet rollers
22a, 22b, and 22c, and the heating device 25. The thus provided thermal insulation
box 24 reduces the loss of heat generated by the first godet rollers 21a and 21b,
the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c, and the heating device 25 to the outside
of the thermal insulation box 24, and this enables heat retention in the thermal insulation
box 24. Inside the thermal insulation box 24, there is provided a heat insulating
wall 28 between: the first godet rollers 21a and 21b; and the second godet rollers
22a, 22b, and 22c. This heat insulating wall 28 makes it less likely that the temperatures
of the first godet rollers 21a and 21b and the temperatures of the second godet rollers
22a, 22b, and 22c influence each other.
[0049] On an upper surface of the thermal insulation box 24 (above the first godet roller
21a), there is provided a slit 24a through which the yarns Y are introduced into the
thermal insulation box 24. The yarns Y are introduced into the thermal insulation
box 24 through the slit 24a, and then wound onto the first godet roller 21a. Meanwhile,
at a lower portion of a right surface of the thermal insulation box 24 (rightward
of the second godet roller 22c), there is provided a slit 24b through which the yarns
Y are led out of the thermal insulation box 24. The yarns Y fed from the second godet
roller 22c are led out of the thermal insulation box 24 through the slit 24b, and
then wound onto the third godet roller 23.
[0050] The heating device 25 is a contactless heater utilizing heat radiation, such as
an infrared heater. The heating device 25 is disposed between the two second godet
rollers 22b and 22c which are located most downstream in the yarn running direction
(i.e. , between the second most downstream roller and the most downstream roller in
the yarn running direction). The heating device 25 is configured to heat the yarns
Y fed from the second godet roller 22b to the second godet roller 22c.
[0051] The interlacing device 26 is configured to entangle filaments constituting each yarn
Y using fluid jetting nozzles to provide cohesion between the filaments, for preventing
an increase in distance between fibers and/or separation of fibers. The interlacing
device 26 is disposed between the second godet roller 22c and the third godet roller
23.
[0052] Now, referring back to FIG. 1, a drawing process of the yarns Y on the spun yarn
drawing apparatus 2 will be described in detail. The temperature T1 of the first godet
roller 21a and the temperature T2 of the first godet roller 21b are controlled by
the temperature controller 32 to be equal to the glass transition temperature of the
yarns Y or higher (for example, in the case of PET yarns, on the order of 80 to 100
degrees centigrade). With this, preliminary heating is performed to increase the temperature
of the yarns Y before drawn to the glass transition temperature or higher. Note that
the glass transition temperature differs depending on the type of polymers, and therefore
the temperatures T1 and T2 of the first godet rollers 21a and 21b are set depending
on the material of the yarns Y.
[0053] Further, the yarn feeding speed V1 of the first godet roller 21a and the yarn feeding
speed V2 of the first godet roller 21b are controlled by the speed controller 31,
for example, to be on the order of 1500 to 3000 m/min. Specifically, to compensate
a reduction in tension due to internal stress relaxation of the yarns Y caused by
heating of the yarns Y by the first godet roller 21a, the speed controller 31 controls
the yarn feeding speeds V1 and V2 so that the yarn feeding speed V2 of the first godet
roller 21b is slightly higher (by several tens of meters/min) than the yarn feeding
speed V1 of the first godet roller 21a. Provided however, the above arrangement does
not have to be always needed.
[0054] The yarn feeding speed V3 of the second godet roller 22a, the yarn feeding speed
V4 of the second godet roller 22b, and the yarn feeding speed V5 of the second godet
roller 22c are controlled by the speed controller 31 so that the yarn feeding speeds
V3 to V5 are higher than the yarn feeding speeds V1 and V2 of the first godet rollers
21a and 21b, for example, to be on the order of 4500 to 5500 m/min. With this, the
yarns Y are drawn between the first godet roller 21b and the second godet roller 22a.
Here, it is preferable that the speed controller 31 controls the yarn feeding speeds
V3, V4, and V5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that each of the differences
in the yarn feeding speed between the rollers 22a and 22b and between the rollers
22b and 22c does not exceed 30 m/min. With this arrangement, the tension of the yarns
Y is properly kept, to prevent undesirable winding of the yarns Y around a roller
and/or yarn breakage.
[0055] The temperature T3 of the second godet roller 22a, the temperature T4 of the second
godet roller 22b, and the temperature T5 of the second godet roller 22c are controlled
by the temperature controller 32 so that the drawn yarns Y are heat-set (for example,
to be on the order of 120 to 180 degrees centigrade). Similarly, the temperature Th
of the heating device 25 is also controlled by the temperature controller 32 so that
the drawn yarns Y are heat-set (for example, on the order of 120 to 180 degrees centigrade).
Providing the three or more second godet rollers enables further enhancement of the
relaxed state and stretched state of the yarns Y in later-described relaxation heat
treatment and heat treatment under tension, respectively, while preventing a rapid
change of the tension of the yarns Y.
[0056] The yarn feeding speed V6 of the third godet roller 23 is adjusted to make the tension
of the yarns Y on the interlacing device 26 suitable for imparting entanglement to
each yarn Y.
[0057] With the thus structured spun yarn drawing apparatus 2, the yarns Y spun out from
the spinning apparatus 4 are preliminarily heated by the first godet rollers 21a and
21b to the glass transition temperature or higher, then the yarns Y are drawn between
the first godet roller 21b and the second godet roller 22a, and heat-set by the second
godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c. Now, the higher the draw ratio in the process of
drawing the yarns Y is, the higher the strength and the Young's modulus are, but the
lower the elongation is. Meanwhile, the lower the draw ratio is, the lower the strength
and the Young's modulus are, but the higher the elongation is. That is, physical properties
of the yarns Y are adjusted by adjusting the draw ratio of the yarns Y.
[0058] However, it has been difficult to produce, for example, super low shrinkage yarns
having an extremely low boiling water shrinkage, e.g., approximately 5% or lower,
and high modulus yarns of which 10-percent strength (a strength at 10 percent elongation,
used as a substituting characteristic for Young's modulus) is approximately more than
70% of the breaking strength, due to the following reasons. To decrease the boiling
water shrinkage, it is conceivable to increase the temperature in the heat-set process,
that is, to increase the temperatures of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c.
However, if the temperatures are increased too much, for example, to 200 degrees centigrade
or higher, deterioration of the yarns Y (decrease in strength and elongation) and/or
yarn breakage occur more commonly. Thus, there has been a limit on the decrease of
the boiling water shrinkage. Meanwhile, the Young's modulus is increased by increasing
the draw ratio in the process of drawing of the yarns Y. But if so, the elongation
decreases too much, which causes yarn breakage and/or fluff more commonly. Thus, there
has been a limit on the increase of the Young' s modulus. However, in the spun yarn
drawing apparatus 2, the yarn feeding speeds and the temperatures of the three second
godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c are controlled independently from one another. This
enables production of the super low shrinkage yarns and the high modulus yarns. The
following will describe its principle.
(Production of super low shrinkage yarns by relaxation heat treatment)
[0059] The yarn feeding speeds V3, V4, and V5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and
22c are controlled by the speed controller 31 so that between every two second godet
rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding
speed of the roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than
that of the roller located upstream in the yarn running direction, i.e., so that V3
> V4 > V5 is satisfied. Thereby, the relaxation heat treatment in which the yarns
Y are heat-set in the relaxed state is performed. With this relaxation heat treatment,
the degree of molecular orientation in amorphous regions decreases, which decreases
the boiling water shrinkage of the yarns Y. Simultaneously, the temperatures T3, T4,
and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c are controlled by the temperature
controller 32 so that the temperature T5 of the second godet roller 22c which is located
most downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to each of the
temperatures T3 and T4 of the remaining second godet rollers 22a and 22b, i.e., so
that T3 ≤ T5 and T4 ≤ T5 are satisfied.
[0060] With the above control, as the yarns Y travel downstream in the yarn running direction,
the relaxed state of the yarns Y is enhanced. In addition, the temperature T5 of the
second godet roller 22c which is located most downstream in the yarn running direction
is higher than or equal to each of the temperatures T3 and T4 of the remaining second
godet rollers 22a and 22b. Therefore, the yarns Y are strongly heated in the situation
where the relaxed state of the yarns Y has been enhanced and their molecules have
a high mobility. By controlling the temperatures T3, T4, and T5 of the second godet
rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c in addition to the yarn feeding speeds V3, V4, and V5 of
the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c as described above, molecular chains are
effectively relaxed. Thus, effects of the relaxation heat treatment are enhanced than
before. This enables a wider range of control of the physical properties of the yarns
Y. Thus, without increasing the temperatures of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b,
and 22c to the extent that deterioration and/or yarn breakage of the yarns Y occur,
for example, the decrease of the boiling water shrinkage is achievable by virtue of
the enhancement of the effects of the relaxation heat treatment. This enables production
of the super low shrinkage yarns.
[0061] It is more preferable that the temperature controller 32 controls the temperatures
T3, T4, and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that, between every
two second godet rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction
(between the second godet rollers 22a and 22b and between the second godet rollers
22b and 22c), the temperature of the second godet roller which is located downstream
in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to the temperature of the second
godet roller which is located upstream in the yarn running direction, i.e., so that
T3 ≤ T4 ≤ T5 is satisfied. With this arrangement, the more downstream in the yarn
running direction the yarns Y travel, that is, the more the relaxed state of the yarns
Y is enhanced, the more strongly the yarns Y are heated. This surely and effectively
enhances the effects of the relaxation heat treatment.
[0062] Now, to enhance the effects of the relaxation heat treatment, it is only required
that the temperature T5 of the second godet roller 22c which is located most downstream
in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to each of the temperatures
T3 and T4 of the remaining second godet rollers 22a and 22b. That is, each of the
temperatures T3 and T4 of the remaining second godet rollers 22a and 22b may be identical
to the temperature T5 of the second godet roller 22c which is located most downstream
in the yarn running direction. However, in the situation where the yarns Y are little
relaxed, the molecular chains cannot be efficiently relaxed even though the yarns
Y are strongly heated, and therefore the effect brought by the heating is smaller
for the yarns Y traveling upstream in the yarn running direction. Thus, by controlling
the temperatures T3, T4, and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that
the between every two second godet rollers which are adjacent to each other in the
yarn running direction, the temperature of the roller which is located upstream in
the yarn running direction is lower than that of the roller located downstream in
the yarn running direction, i.e., so that T3 < T4 < T5 is satisfied, useless heating
is reduced, and the physical properties of the yarns Y are efficiently controlled.
[0063] Further, in the present embodiment, the heating device 25 configured to heat yarns
Y is provided in at least one of sections each of which is between two second godet
rollers adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction (in at least one of sections
between the second godet rollers 22a and 22b and between the second rollers 22b and
22c). This improves the performance of the heat treatment, and enables the yarns Y
to be heat-set well.
[0064] Particularly, in the present embodiment, the heating device 25 is provided between
the two second godet rollers 22b and 22c which are located most downstream in the
yarn running direction. Thus, the yarns Y which have been relaxed are further heated
by the heating device 25. As a result, the effects of the relaxation heat treatment
are further enhanced. This enables a still wider range of control of the physical
properties of the yarns Y.
[0065] Further, in the present embodiment, because the heating device 25 is disposed inside
the thermal insulation box 24, the loss of heat from the heating device 25 is reduced,
which improves the effects of the heat treatment by the heating device 25.
[0066] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the speed controller 31 controls the yarn
feeding speeds V3, V4,and V5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that
the tension of the yarns Y traveling between every two second godet rollers which
are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction is not less than 0.05 g/de.
If the tension of the yarn Y is less than 0.05 g/de, yarn swaying may occur, which
possibly causes undesirable winding of the yarns Y around the rollers and/or yarn
breakage. These problems are avoided or reduced by controlling the tension of the
yarns to be not less than 0.05 g/de.
(Production of high modulus yarns by heat treatment under tension)
[0067] The yarn feeding speeds V3 , V4 , and V5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and
22c are controlled by the speed controller 31 so that between every two second godet
rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding
speed of the roller located downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than
that of the roller located upstream in the yarn running direction, i.e., so that V3
< V4 < V5 is satisfied. Thereby, the heat treatment under tension in which the yarns
Y are heat-set in the stretched state is performed. With this heat treatment under
tension, the degree of molecular orientation in the amorphous regions increases, which
increases the Young's modulus of the yarns Y. Simultaneously, the temperatures T3,
T4, and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c are controlled by the temperature
controller 32 so that the temperature T3 of the second godet roller 22a which is located
most upstream in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to each of the
temperatures T4 and T5 of the remaining second godet rollers 22b and 22c, i.e., so
that T3 ≥ T4 and T3 ≥ T5 are satisfied.
[0068] With the above control, as the yarns Y travel downstream in the yarn running direction,
the stretched state of the yarns Y is enhanced. In addition, the temperature T3 of
the second godet roller 22a which is located most upstream in the yarn running direction
is higher than or equal to each of the temperatures T4 and T5 of the remaining second
godet rollers 22b and 22c. Therefore, the yarns Y are strongly heated in the situation
where the stretched state of the yarns Y is at a lower level and their molecules have
a higher mobility. Further, since the increase in the temperature of the yarns Y by
the second godet rollers 22b and 22c located downstream in the yarn running direction
is suppressed, relaxation of stretched molecular chains is prevented. By controlling
the temperatures T3, T4, and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c in addition
to the yarn feeding speeds V3, V4, and V5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and
22c as described above, crystallization is effectively facilitated and the relaxation
of the stretched molecular chains is prevented. Thus, effects of the heat treatment
under tension are enhanced than before. This enables a wider range of control of the
physical properties of the yarns Y. By enhancing the effects of the heat treatment
under tension in this way, the increase of the Young's modulus is achievable. Therefore,
an excessive increase of the draw ratio is not needed to increase the Young' s modulus.
This enables production of the high modulus yarns with a lower risk of yarn breakage
and/or fluff caused by an excessive decrease in the elongation of the yarns Y (with
the elongation kept at an appropriate level).
[0069] It is more preferable that the temperature controller 32 controls the temperatures
T3, T4, and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that between every
two second godet rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction
(between the second godet rollers 22a and 22b and between the second godet rollers
22b and 22c), the temperature of the second godet roller which is located upstream
in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to the temperature of the second
godet roller which is located downstream in the yarn running direction, that is, so
that T3 ≥ T4 ≥ T5 is satisfied. With this arrangement, the more upstream in the yarn
running direction the yarns Y travel, the more strongly the yarns Y are heated. In
other words, the yarns Y are strongly heated in the situation where crystallization
has not yet proceeded and thus the molecules have a high mobility. This surely and
efficiently enhances the effects of the heat treatment under tension.
[0070] Now, to enhance the effects of the heat treatment under tension, it is only required
that the temperature T3 of the second godet roller 22a which is located most upstream
in the yarn running direction is higher than or equal to each of the temperatures
T4 and T5 of the remaining second godet rollers 22b and 22c. That is, each of the
temperatures T4 and T5 of the remaining second godet rollers 22b and 22c may be identical
to the temperature T3 of the second godet roller 22a which is located most upstream
in the yarn running direction. However, after the yarns Y have been well-stretched,
the crystallization cannot efficiently proceed even though the yarns Y are strongly
heated, and therefore the effect brought by the heating is smaller for the yarns Y
traveling downstream in the yarn running direction. Further, because the increase
in the temperature of the yarns Y by the second godet rollers 22b and 22c which are
located downstream in the yarn running direction is suppressed, the relaxation of
the stretched molecular chains is prevented. Thus, by controlling the temperatures
T3, T4, and T5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that between every
two second godet rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction,
the temperature of the roller which is located downstream in the yarn running direction
is lower than that of the roller located upstream in the yarn running direction, i.e.,
so that T3 > T4 >T5 is satisfied, useless heating is reduced, and the relaxation of
the stretched molecular chains is prevented. Thus, the physical properties of the
yarns Y are efficiently controlled.
[0071] Further, in the present embodiment, the speed controller 31 controls the yarn feeding
speeds V3, V4, and V5 of the second godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c so that the tension
of the yarns Y traveling between every two second godet rollers which are adjacent
to each other in the yarn running direction does not exceed 1 g/de. If the tension
of the yarn Y exceeds 1 g/de, yarn breakage and/or fluff may occur. These problems
are avoided or reduced by controlling the tension of the yarns Y so that the tension
does not to exceed 1 g/de.
[0072] As described above, in the heat treatment under tension, after the yarns Y have been
well-stretched, crystallization cannot efficiently proceed even though the yarns Y
are strongly heated. Thus, the effect brought by heating is smaller for the yarns
Y traveling downstream in the yarn running direction. For this reason, brought is
a smaller effect when the yarns Y are heated by the heating device 25 disposed between
the two second godet rollers 22b and 22c which are located most downstream in the
yarn running direction. Instead, there is a possibility that a problem occurs, which
is the relaxation of the stretched molecular chains. Thus, in the heat treatment under
tension, activation of the heating device 25 is not needed, so power supply to the
heating device 25 is shut down. To effectively use the heating device 25 in the heat
treatment under tension, it is preferable to dispose the heating device 25 as upstream
as possible in the yarn running direction. For example, it is optimum to locate the
heating device 25 between the two second godet rollers 22a and 22b which are located
most upstream in the yarn running direction.
[Other embodiments]
[0073] While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, the present invention
is not limited to the embodiment above, and it is evident that many alternatives,
modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art, within
the scope of the claims, as described below.
[0074] In the above-described embodiment, there are provided the two first godet rollers
21a and 21b as rollers on which the yarns Y before drawn travel; however, the number
of such rollers is not limited to two, as long as at least one such roller is provided.
[0075] In the above-described embodiment, the first godet rollers 21a and 21b on which the
yarns Y before drawn travel are heating rollers. However, depending on the type of
yarns to be produced, for example, for producing nylon yarns which are able to be
drawn at normal temperature, non-heating rollers each of which does not include a
heater may be used as the first godet rollers 21a and 21b, or the first godet rollers
21a and 21b respectively including the heaters may be used in a non-heating state
established by shutting down the power supply to the heaters.
[0076] In the above-described embodiment, there are the three second godet rollers 22a,
22b, and 22c as rollers configured to heat-set the drawn yarns Y; however, the number
of such rollers is not limited to three, as long as three or more such rollers are
provided.
[0077] In the above-described embodiment, all the first godet rollers 21a and 21b, the second
godet rollers 22a, 22b, and 22c, and the heating device 25 are disposed inside the
thermal insulation box 24; however, this arrangement is not always essential. For
example, the heating device 25 may be disposed in a manner shown in FIG. 4.
[0078] FIG. 4 is a front elevation of a spun yarn winding machine including a spun yarn
drawing apparatus of another embodiment. The components same as those in the above-described
embodiment are given the same reference signs as in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the
second godet roller 22c which is located most downstream in the yarn running direction
and the heating device 25 are disposed outside the thermal insulation box 24, and
the second godet roller 22c is housed in a thermal insulation box 27 which is different
from the thermal insulation box 24. In the above-described embodiment, the godet rollers
21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, and 22c are housed in the thermal insulation box 24, and this
imposes a limit on the space for disposing the heating device 25. In this regard,
disposing the heating device 25 outside the thermal insulation box 24 allows an increase
of the size of the heating device 25, irrespective of the size of the thermal insulation
box 24. With this, the heating performance of the heating device 25 is easily improved.
Further, when the heat treatment under tension is performed using the spun yarn drawing
apparatus 2 , the second godet roller 22c may be configured as the non-heating roller
instead of the heating roller. The heating device 25 may be housed in the thermal
insulation box 27 or may be housed in another thermal insulation box separately provided
for the heating device 25.
[0079] In the above-described embodiment, the heating device 25 is disposed between the
two second godet rollers 22b and 22c which are located most downstream in the yarn
running direction to further enhance the effects of the relaxation heat treatment;
however, the position of the heating device 25 is not limited to this. In addition,
there may be provided a plurality of heating devices 25.
1. A spun yarn drawing apparatus configured to draw a yarn spun out from a spinning apparatus,
the spun yarn drawing apparatus comprising:
at least one first roller;
three or more second rollers located downstream of the first roller in a yarn running
direction, each of which second rollers functions as a heating roller and has a yarn
feeding speed higher than that of the first roller;
a speed controller configured to control the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more
second rollers; and
a temperature controller configured to control temperatures of the three or more second
rollers, wherein:
the speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second
rollers so that between every two second rollers which are adjacent to each other
in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of the second roller located
downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than the yarn feeding speed of the
second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction; and
the temperature controller controls the temperatures of the three or more second rollers
so that the temperature of the second roller located most downstream in the yarn running
direction is higher than or equal to the temperature of each of the remaining second
rollers.
2. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the temperature controller
controls the temperatures of the three or more second rollers so that between every
two second rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction,
the temperature of the second roller located downstream in the yarn running direction
is higher than or equal to the temperature of the second roller located upstream in
the yarn running direction.
3. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the temperature controller
controls the temperatures of the three or more second rollers so that between every
two second rollers which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction,
the temperature of the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction
is lower than the temperature of the second roller located downstream in the yarn
running direction.
4. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a heating
device configured to heat the yarn is provided in at least one of sections each of
which is between two second rollers adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction
out of the three or more second rollers.
5. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the heating device is
disposed between the two second rollers which are located most downstream in the yarn
running direction.
6. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a thermal
insulation box which houses at least one of the three or more second rollers, wherein
the heating device is disposed inside the thermal insulation box.
7. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a thermal
insulation box which houses at least one of the three or more second rollers, wherein
the heating device is disposed outside the thermal insulation box.
8. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the
speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second rollers
so that tension of the yarn traveling between every two second rollers which are adjacent
to each other in the yarn running direction is not less than 0.05 g/de.
9. A spun yarn drawing apparatus configured to draw a yarn spun out from a spinning apparatus,
the spun yarn drawing apparatus comprising:
at least one first roller;
three or more second rollers located downstream of the first roller in a yarn running
direction, each of which second rollers has a yarn feeding speed higher than that
of the first roller, out of the three or more second rollers, one or more second rollers
functioning as heating rollers at least except the second roller located most downstream
in the yarn running direction;
a speed controller configured to control the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more
second rollers; and
a temperature controller configured to control temperatures of the one or more second
rollers functioning as the heating rollers out of the three or more second rollers,
wherein:
the speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second
rollers so that between every two second rollers which are adjacent to each other
in the yarn running direction, the yarn feeding speed of the second roller located
downstream in the yarn running direction is higher than the yarn feeding speed of
the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction; and
the temperature controller controls the temperatures of the one or more second rollers
functioning as the heating rollers out of the three or more second rollers so that
the temperature of the second roller located most upstream in the yarn running direction
is higher than or equal to the temperature of each of the remaining second rollers.
10. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the temperature controller
controls the temperatures of the one or more second rollers functioning as the heating
rollers out of the three or more second rollers so that between every two second rollers
which are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction, the temperature of
the second roller located upstream in the yarn running direction is higher than or
equal to the temperature of the second roller located downstream in the yarn running
direction.
11. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the temperature controller
controls the temperatures of the one or more second rollers out of the three or more
second rollers so that between every two second rollers which are adjacent to each
other in the yarn running direction, the temperature of the second roller located
downstream in the yarn running direction is lower than the temperature of the second
roller located upstream in the yarn running direction.
12. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the speed controller
controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second rollers so that tension
of the yarn traveling between every two second rollers which are adjacent to each
other in the yarn running direction does not exceed 1 g/de.
13. The spun yarn drawing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the
speed controller controls the yarn feeding speeds of the three or more second rollers
so that a difference in the yarn feeding speed between every two second rollers which
are adjacent to each other in the yarn running direction does not exceed 30 m/min.