The present invention concerns a tensioning unit for rolling apparatuses, used to detect and adjust the tension of strips or metal sheets in the interstand segment between two adjacent rolling stands.
Tensioning units are known, used in hot rolling apparatuses for metal sheets, which are disposed in an intermediate position between two adjacent rolling stands, to detect and adjust the tension to which the strip or metal sheet being worked is subjected in the interstand segment.
The tension of the strip or metal sheet is monitored with the purpose of conferring on the product the desired characteristics, and of reaching high standards of quality.
For example, it is known that characteristics such as the profile and planarity of the strip or sheet depend on correct and constant tension values being maintained throughout the rolling process, in particular in the interstand segments where the strip or sheet are not directly supported.
Tensioning units are known comprising a tensioning roll mounted on a support and disposed in contact with the strip or sheet in the interstand segment between two adjacent rolling stands.
The tensioning roll can be driven to interact with the strip or sheet in relation to the tension value detected, acting on a hydraulic motor positioned in axis with the support.
The tension value of the strip or metal sheet is detected by load cells installed in proximity to the tensioning roll.
Alternatively, the tension value of the strip or metal sheet can be obtained by reading the position and/or pressure of hydraulic command devices.
A typical disadvantage of tensioning units for rolling apparatuses of the known type is that they require big spaces for installation, which significantly influences the distance between one rolling stand and the next.
One disadvantage deriving from the previous one is that a big distance between the rolling stands leads to a reduction in the temperature of the strip or metal sheet during working, which leads to a considerable disadvantage for the hot rolling steps, and can require operations to restore the temperature before the subsequent rolling pass.
Another consequent disadvantage is that more energy is required to perform the same workings on the strip or metal sheet compared with what would be required by the same steps performed at higher temperatures.
Another disadvantage is that sliding friction is generated between the mobile parts of the devices that support and move the contact element: such friction entails premature wear and inefficiency and inaccuracy in the action of the tensioning unit.
In this solution, the combination of the contact roll/hydraulic cylinder acts directly on the load cell, with possible damage caused thereto and imprecisions in the measurements.
There is therefore a need to perfect a tensioning unit for rolling apparatuses that can overcome at least one of the disadvantages of the state of the art.
In particular, one purpose of the invention is to obtain a tensioning unit which, installed in the interstand segment, allows to reduce the distance between two adjacent rolling stands compared with known tensioning units, so as to reduce to a minimum the lowering in temperature of the strip or metal sheet being worked.
Therefore, one purpose of the present invention is to obtain a tensioning unit that is compact and not bulky.
Another purpose of the present invention is to obtain a tensioning unit that is precise and reliable, and in which the friction deriving from the sliding of moving parts is reduced.
Another purpose of the present invention is to improve the accessibility of the measuring element of the tensioning unit in order to carry out the maintenance steps.
Another purpose of the present invention concerns the possibility of replacing the tensioning roll of the tensioning unit when it is worn or ruined, without having to operate in proximity to the measuring element.
Another purpose of the present invention is to position the measuring element far from the zone where the strip or metal sheet runs, because, since it is a sensitive element, it should preferably be placed somewhere sheltered from vibrations and dirt.
Furthermore, one purpose of the present invention is to provide a tensioning unit that is simple and economical.
The Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.
The present invention is set forth and characterized in the independent claim, while the dependent claims describe other characteristics of the invention or variants to the main inventive idea.
In accordance with the above purposes, a tensioning unit is provided for a rolling apparatus which includes at least one rolling stand.
According to the present invention, the tensioning unit comprises a contact unit which is provided with at least one tensioning roll configured to be taken to rest on and put under tension a strip or metal sheet, at least one actuation element to drive the contact unit, taking it into contact with the strip or metal sheet, and at least one detection unit to measure the forces to which the contact unit is subjected, and hence the tension of the strip or metal sheet.
According to the present invention, the contact unit, the actuation element and the detection unit are disposed one below the other, so as to define a main development of the column type of the tensioning unit, in this way obtaining a compact tensioning unit with a very limited lateral extension, such as to allow to position two adjacent rolling stands of a rolling apparatus close to each other.
According to another characteristic, the contact unit is disposed on a support element rotatable around an axis lying on a plane substantially parallel to the lying and/or feed plane of the strip or metal sheet.
According to one formulation of the present invention, the actuation element can be a linear actuator disposed vertical according to its greatest size, hence disposed during use substantially orthogonal to the lying and feed plane of the strip or metal sheet.
According to a variant, the actuation element defines during use an angle other than zero with respect to the vertical of the strip or metal sheet.
According to one formulation of the present invention, the tensioning unit includes at least one control unit configured to receive from the detection unit a signal relating to the value of tension of the metal strip or metal sheet advancing in one direction and/or another, between two adjacent rolling stands and acting on the tensioning roll.
The control unit is therefore suitable to compare the value of the tension signal with a pre-established value and, if different, to drive the contact unit, for example rotating it in a clockwise or anti-clockwise direction, so as to keep the tension value of the strip or metal sheet substantially equal to the optimal value.
A rolling apparatus is also provided, comprising at least two rolling stands between which at least one tensioning unit according to the present invention is interposed.
These and other characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of some embodiments, given as a non-restrictive example with reference to the attached drawings wherein:
To facilitate comprehension, the same reference numbers have been used, where possible, to identify identical common elements in the drawings. It is understood that elements and characteristics of one embodiment can conveniently be incorporated into other embodiments without further clarifications.
We shall now refer in detail to the various embodiments of the present invention, of which one or more examples are shown in the attached drawing. Each example is supplied by way of illustration of the invention and shall not be understood as a limitation thereof. For example, the characteristics shown or described insomuch as they are part of one embodiment can be adopted on, or in association with, other embodiments to produce another embodiment. It is understood that the present invention shall include all such modifications and variants.
Before describing these embodiments, we must also clarify that the present description is not limited in its application to details of the construction and disposition of the components as described in the following description using the attached drawings. The present description can provide other embodiments and can be obtained or executed in various other ways. We must also clarify that the phraseology and terminology used here is for the purposes of description only, and cannot be considered as limitative.
With reference to
According to some variants, in the case of reversing stands, the metal strip 15 can advance between two rolling stands 46 both in the direction of feed F1 and also in a direction of feed F2, opposite to F1, according to the direction of the corresponding arrow.
According to some variants, a rolling apparatus 11 can comprise a plurality of rolling stands 46.
According to possible variants, the tensioning unit 10 can be installed between two adjacent rolling stands 46.
According to other variants, the tensioning unit 10 can be installed between each pair of adjacent rolling stands 46.
According to some variants, described using
The lower work roll 50 and the upper work roll 52 can be for example cylindrical in shape with an oblong development in a direction perpendicular to the direction of feed F1 and/or F2.
According to some other variants, the two rolling stands 46 can both also comprise a lower support roll 54 and an upper support roll 56, disposed respectively below the lower work roll 50 and above the upper work roll 52, to limit the flexion of the latter during the rolling of the metal strip 15.
The lower support roll 54 and the upper support roll 56 can be cylindrical in shape, with an oblong development in a direction perpendicular to the direction of feed F1 and/or F2.
The disposition of the lower support roll 54 can be provided tangential to the lower work roll 50 and the disposition of the upper support roll 56 can be provided tangential to the upper work roll 52.
Furthermore, the lower support roll 54 and the upper support roll 56 can have sizes and mass greater than the lower work roll 50 and the upper work roll 52.
The lower support roll 54 and the upper support roll 56 can be movable nearer to the respective lower work roll 50 and upper work roll 52, in the direction of a vertical axis X perpendicular to the direction of feed F1 and/or F2, and to the lying/feed plane of the metal strip 15, to overcome phenomena of wear deriving from the rolling cycles.
According to some variants, described using
The tensioning unit 10 can comprise a contact unit 13, an actuation element 26 and a detection unit 17.
According to some variants, the contact unit 13, in an inactive position, can be disposed below the at least one guide plate 44, which supports the metal strip 15 when it is being worked.
We must clarify here that by "inactive position" we mean the position taken by the tensioning unit 10 when the actuation element 26 is not driven, i.e. it is not extended, and which corresponds essentially to the condition where the contact unit 13 is not resting from below on the metal strip 15.
The guide plate 44 also defines the lying and feed plane of the metal strip 15 between the two rolling stands 46.
The at least one guide plate 44 can have an interruption of appropriate size, in correspondence with the contact unit 13, at least equal to its bulk when in use, i.e. when it is rotated, so as to allow it to bring the metal strip 15 under tension, passing through said interruption.
The contact unit 13 can be rotatable around an axis of rotation Z that lies on a plane substantially parallel to the lying and feed plane of the metal strip 15 and has a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of feed F1 and/or F2 of the metal strip 15.
According to some variants, the contact unit 13 can comprise a tensioning roll 12 and a support element 14.
The tensioning roll 12 can be cylindrical in shape with an oblong development in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of rotation Z.
Furthermore, the tensioning roll 12 can have an axis of rotation substantially parallel to the axis of rotation Z.
According to some variants, the support element 14 is provided to support the tensioning roll 12 and can be mounted directly on a support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
According to some other variants, the support element 14 can be mounted on a dedicated support structure, different from the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
According to possible embodiments, the support element 14 can be rotatable, by first pivoting means 16, around the axis of rotation Z, to take the tensioning roll 12 into contact with the metal strip 15.
According to some other variants, the support element 14 can also be connected to an attachment plate 19.
Moreover, the attachment plate 19 can in turn be connected to the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46 and clamped by attachment elements 42.
According to some possible embodiments, the attachment plate 19 can be mounted on a dedicated support structure different from the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
The contact unit 13 can take on a first "inactive" position at a minimum lower point where it rests on a lower mechanical stop 18 (see
According to some variants, the contact unit 13 can also comprise a first position transducer 22, mounted centered on the axis of rotation Z, which can detect instant by instant the position of the contact unit 13 and consequently can also detect the position of the tensioning roll 12.
The first position transducer 22 can be for example an angular or rotatable rotary position transducer, such as an angular or rotary encoder, in particular for example a tachymetric encoder, a relative or incremental encoder, or an absolute encoder.
According to some variants, the actuation element 26 can include inside it a second position transducer 23 disposed axially to it.
The positioning of the second position transducer 23 inside the actuation element 26 allows to detect the deviation of the actuation element 26 from the "inactive" position, and consequently to detect the position of the contact unit 13 and hence also the position of the tensioning roll 12.
According to some possible embodiments, the tensioning unit 10 can comprise both a first position transducer 22 and a second position transducer 23, to detect the position of the contact unit 13.
According to some variants, the contact unit 13 can be connected to the actuation element 26.
An actuation element 26 as used in the embodiments described here, both in the case of a single actuation element and also in the case of several dedicated actuation elements, could include a corresponding drive member.
The drive member can be chosen from a group consisting of: an electric motor, a pneumatic motor, a hydraulic piston, a piezoelectric actuator. Usually, an actuator, as used in association with embodiments described here, can be an actuator with an intrinsically linear movement or be configured to convert a circular movement into a linear movement. The conversion can be commonly done by means of types of mechanism selected from a group consisting of: screw actuators, such as a jack screw, ball screw actuators and roll screw actuators, or wheel and axle, for example drum, gears, pulley or shaft, actuators such as a lifting cable, a winch, a rack and a pinion group, a chain transmission, a belt transmission, actuators with a rigid chain and a rigid belt.
Advantageously, the actuation element 26 can be a linear actuator.
The actuation element 26 can comprise a sleeve 28 and a shaft 29, configured to slide inside the sleeve 28.
Furthermore, the actuation element 26 can be located below the contact unit 13, in a direction substantially parallel to the direction identified by the vertical axis X.
According to some possible variants, the actuation element 26 can be installed inclined at an angle with respect to the direction identified by the vertical axis X.
Merely by way of non-restrictive example, the actuation element 26 can be inclined between -35° and +35° with respect to the direction identified by the vertical axis X.
According to some variants, the actuation element 26 can be provided with a first end 30 and a second end 32, where the first end 30 can correspond to the terminal part of the shaft 29, while the second end 32 can correspond to the terminal part of the sleeve 28.
According to some variants, the actuation element 26 can be attached by oscillating pins acting on the center line of the actuation element 26.
The connection between the contact unit 13 and the actuation element 26 can be made by pivoting the first end 30 of the shaft 29 to the support element 14.
According to some variants, the actuation element 26 can instead be connected to the detection unit 17 by the second end 32.
Furthermore, the detection unit 17 can be located below the actuation element 26 in a direction substantially parallel to the direction identified by the vertical axis X.
According to some possible variants, the detection unit 17 can be located below the actuation element 26, so that the two components are not perfectly aligned, i.e. so that an inclination of a certain angle is formed between them, which inclination is kept in consideration by the detection unit 17 when it detects the tension value of the metal strip 15.
According to some possible embodiments, the detection unit 17 can include a connection element 34, a sensor unit 38 and a support bracket 40.
According to other possible embodiments, the detection unit 17 can also include a support plate 37.
The connection between the actuation element 26 and the detection unit 17 can be made by pivoting the second end 32 to the connection element 34.
According to some variants, the connection element 34 is provided rotatable and can be mounted directly on the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
According to some possible embodiments, the connection element 34 can be mounted on a dedicated support structure different from the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
According to some other variants, the connection element 34 can in turn be rotatable with respect to the support plate 37, to which it is connected by second pivoting means 36.
Furthermore, the support plate 37 can be connected to the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46 and clamped by attachment elements 42.
According to some possible embodiments, the support plate 37 can be mounted on a dedicated support structure different from the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
The connection element 34 can be rotatable around an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation Z and hence perpendicular to the direction of feed F1 and/or F2.
According to some variants, below the connection element 34, in a direction parallel to the direction identified by the vertical axis X, the sensor unit 38 can be positioned, to measure the tension forces acting on the metal strip 15 due to the action of traction at least of the work rolls 50, 52 and the tensioning roll 12.
According to some possible variants, the sensor unit 38 can be located below the connection element 34 so that the two elements are not perfectly aligned, i.e. so that an inclination is formed between them of a certain angle, which is kept in consideration by the sensor unit 38 when it detects the tension value of the metal strip 15.
The sensor unit 38 can be supported by the support bracket 40 and connected stably to it by the attachment elements 42.
The support bracket 40 can be located below the sensor unit 38 in a direction parallel to the direction identified by the vertical axis X.
According to some variants, the bracket 40 can be connected to the support plate 37 by the attachment elements 42.
Alternatively, the support bracket 40 can be directly connected to the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46 and clamped by the attachment elements 42.
According to some possible embodiments, the support bracket 40 can be mounted on a dedicated support structure different from the support upright 58 of the rolling stand 46.
In some embodiments supplied as a non-restrictive example, the sensor unit 38 can include one or more sensors to detect the force exerted on it by the actuation element 26 as a consequence of the tension caused by the traction of the work rolls 50, 52 and the tensioning roll 12 on the metal strip 15.
It should be noted here that one or more of the sensors included in the sensor unit 38 as used in the embodiments described here can be at least one sensor element selected from the group comprising:
It should be understood that, depending on the specific disposition of the sensor unit 38, the sensor unit can also include at least a pressure sensor and at least a force sensor, for example a load cell.
According to different implementations of the embodiments described here, the force exerted on the sensor unit 38 can be detected by one or more load cells, one or more pressure sensors or one or more other sensors, which use an extensometer, a piezoelectric element, a piezo resistive element, a Hall-effect element or suchlike. With this, it must be considered that a pressure is the force exerted per unitary surface, so that depending on whether one or more sensors are provided as pressure sensors or as force sensors or load cells, it could become necessary to consider a conversion.
According to some possible embodiments, a control unit 24 can also be provided, which is configured to receive from the detection unit 17 a signal relating to the tension value of the metal strip 15, acting on the tensioning roll 12, and disposed advancing between two adjacent rolling stands 46.
Furthermore, the control unit 24 is suitable to compare the value of said signal with a pre-established optimal value and to order retroactively a rotation of the contact unit 13, in one direction or another, so as to reduce or increase the pressure exerted by the metal strip 15 in transit on the tensioning roll 12, in order to keep the tension value of the metal strip 15, substantially equal to the optimal value.
According to some other variants, described with reference to
According to some variants, again described with reference to
Depending on the force with which the actuation element 26 is driven, a force is therefore generated with the same direction and the same intensity but an opposite sense due to the reaction of the metal strip 15 taken under tension.
This force is measured by the sensor unit 38 and, if it is not the same as the predetermined force, the control unit 24 sends a signal to make the contact unit 13 rotate by a certain angle α or the actuation element 26 by a certain travel.
Advantageously, the point of contact between the tensioning roll 12 and the metal strip 15 can be provided almost central between two adjacent rolling stands 46 so that the actuation element 26 is subjected to a reaction as perpendicular as possible to the direction of feed F1 and/or F2 and hence as parallel as possible to the vertical axis X. This makes the measuring by the sensor unit 38 repeatable, under constant conditions of incidence.
According to some variants, described with reference to
According to some other variants, if the tensioning unit 10 comprises for example one tensioning roll 12, two support elements 14, two actuation elements 26 and two detection units 17, then the support elements 14, the actuation elements 26 and the detection units 17 can advantageously be disposed in correspondence with the terminal portions of the oblong development of the tensioning roll 12.
Using two detection units 17 can entail detecting slightly different tension values of the metal strip 15, which can be processed and mediated by the control unit 24, leading to a further refinement in the retroactive adjustment of the tensioning unit 10.
It is clear that modifications and/or additions of parts may be made to the tensioning unit 10 as described heretofore, without departing from the field and scope of the present invention.
It is also clear that, although the present invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person of skill in the art shall certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of tensioning unit 10, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.