VALVE GEAR FOR ENGINE

Abstract

 There is provided a valve gear for an engine, including a plurality of camshaft support portions, a camshaft, a rocker housing unit (31) formed separately from the cam shaft support portions, a rocker shaft (37), a first rocker arm (62), and a second rocker arm selectively connected to the first rocker arm (62) by a switch pins (65 - 67) are included. The valve gear includes the second switch pin (66) and an hydraulic piston (44) for pressing the switch pins, and first and second hydraulic supply portions (42, 47) for supplying an oil pressure to the pistons. The second switch pin (66) is provided in a second rocker arm (64), and the hydraulic piston (44) is provided in the rocker housing unit (31). The first hydraulic supply portion (42) includes a first oil passage (94) formed in the second rocker arm (64), the rocker shaft (37), and the rocker housing unit (31). The second hydraulic supply portion (47) includes a second oil hole (45) formed in the rocker housing unit (31). It is possible to provide a lubricating oil passage in the rocker shaft without increasing the outer diameter of the rocker shaft while adopting an arrangement of forming, in the rocker shaft, an oil passage for supplying an oil pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a valve gear for an engine which can switch between a form in which two types of rocker arms are connected to each other and a form in which the rocker arms are disconnected.

Background Art

[0002] This conventional type of valve gear for an engine is described in, for example, patent literature 1. The valve gear disclosed in patent literature 1 converts the rotation of a camshaft into a reciprocating motion using rocker arms, and drives two intake or exhaust valves.

[0003] The camshaft includes a high-speed cam and two low-speed cams located on two sides of the high-speed cam. The high-speed cam is formed into a shape that relatively increases a valve lift amount more than that of the low-speed cams.

[0004] The rocker arm is formed by two main arms provided for the respective intake or exhaust valves, and a sub arm located between the main arms.

[0005] Each main arm includes a slipper which the low-speed cam of the camshaft contacts, and is swingably supported by a rocker shaft. The main arm is biased against the low-speed cam by the valve spring of the corresponding intake or exhaust valve.

[0006] The sub arm includes a slipper which the high-speed cam of the cam shaft contacts, and is swingably supported by the rocker shaft. The sub arm is biased against the high-speed cam by a dedicated spring for return. These main arms and sub arm are integrated by being connected to each other by a hydraulic switching mechanism, and are disconnected and separated.

[0007] The switching mechanism is formed by a switch pin movably provided in the pin hole of the sub arm, plungers respectively movably provided in the plunger holes of the two main arms, a hydraulic circuit for supplying an oil pressure to the plungers, and the like. The switch pin and the two plungers are arranged to be located on the same axis when the intake or exhaust values are closed.

[0008] The hydraulic circuit includes an oil passage for each plunger, which is provided in the rocker shaft, and a communicating passage for each main arm, which communicates the oil passage with the interior of the plunger hole. The oil passages in the rocker shaft are arranged in the axial direction of the rocker shaft, and are formed in a state in which they are partitioned by partitions in the rocker shaft.

[0009] The main arms and sub arm are integrated when one of the plungers presses the switch pin and the other plunger. In this case, one plunger is fitted in the pin hole of the sub arm and located across one main arm and the sub arm. The switch pin is fitted in the plunger hole of the other main arm and located across the sub arm and the other main arm. When the main arms and the sub arm are set in a connected state, the main arms operate together with the sub arm pressed by the high-speed cam, thereby driving the intake or exhaust valves.

[0010] To separate the main arms and the sub arm, the switch pin is pressed back by the other plunger to set a state in which one plunger is located in only the main arm and the switch pin is located in only the sub arm. When a non-connected state is set by separating the sub arm and the main arms, the sub arm pressed by the high-speed cam solely swings, and the main arms pressed by the low-speed cams drive the intake or exhaust valves.

Related Art Literature

Patent Literature

[0011] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-6569

Disclosure of Invention

Problem to be Solved by the Invention

[0012] The valve gear disclosed in patent literature 1 has a problem that oil passages for supplying lubricating oil to connecting portions between the rocker shaft and the main arms and sub arm cannot be formed. A reason for this is that oil passages for supplying an oil pressure to the plungers occupy the interior of the rocker shaft. This problem can be solved by providing the oil passages for supplying an oil pressure and the lubricating oil passages in the radial direction of the rocker shaft. If, however, this arrangement is adopted, the outer diameter of the rocker shaft becomes large, thereby increasing the size of the rocker arm. Thus, such arrangement cannot be adopted. Means of Solution to the Problem

[0013] To achieve this object, according to the present invention, there is provided a valve gear for an engine, comprising a plurality of camshaft support portions provided in a cylinder head in a state in which the plurality of camshaft support portions are arranged in an axial direction of a crankshaft, a camshaft rotatably supported by the plurality of camshaft support portions, and including a cam configured to drive one of an intake valve and an exhaust valve, a rocker housing unit formed separately from the cam shaft support portions, and mounted on the cylinder head to be located between the camshaft support portions, a rocker shaft, two ends of which are supported by the rocker housing unit, a first rocker arm swingably supported by the rocker shaft, a second rocker arm swingably supported by the rocker shaft and selectively connected to the first rocker arm by a switch pin movable in an axial direction of the rocker shaft, a first piston configured to move the switch pin to one side in the axial direction, a second piston configured to move the switch pin to the other side in the axial direction, and hydraulic supply portions configured to supply an oil pressure to the first piston and the second piston, wherein one piston, which is one of the first piston and the second piston, is provided in one rocker arm, which is one of the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm, the other piston is provided in the rocker housing unit located on a side opposite to the one piston in the axial direction across the other rocker arm, the hydraulic supply portion configured to supply the oil pressure to the one piston includes a first oil passage formed in the one rocker arm, the rocker shaft, and the rocker housing unit which supports one end of the rocker shaft, and the hydraulic supply portion configured to supply the oil pressure to the other piston includes a second oil passage formed in the rocker housing unit.

Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to the present invention, an oil pressure applied to one of two pistons is supplied through the first oil passage including the interior of the rocker shaft. An oil pressure applied to the other piston is supplied through the second oil passage provided in a rocker housing unit.

[0015] The first oil passage can be formed by a path from one rocker arm through one end of the rocker shaft to the rocker housing unit. Thus, a lubricating oil passage can be formed in a portion except for one end of the rocker shaft.

[0016] Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a valve gear for an engine, in which a lubricating oil passage can be provided in a rocker shaft without increasing the outer diameter of the rocker shaft while adopting an arrangement of forming, in the rocker shaft, an oil passage for supplying an oil pressure.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0017] 

Fig. 1 is a side view showing a valve gear according to the present invention, and shows a state in which a cylinder head and a rocker housing unit are partially cut away;

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the cylinder head, and shows a state in which an intake camshaft and an exhaust camshaft are detached;

Fig. 3 is a side view for explaining a non-connected state (cylinder rest state);

Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the valve gear;

Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the rocker housing unit;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along a line VI - VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along a line VII - VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along a line VIII - VIII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view partially showing the rocker arms and the rocker housing;

Fig. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing the first rocker arm;

Fig. 11 is a side view for explaining a connected state while intake or exhaust valves are closed;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along a line XII - XII in Fig. 4 and showing the second rocker arm and the first switch pin;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view for explaining the first step of a method of manufacturing the rocker arms;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view for explaining the second and third steps of the method of manufacturing the rocker arms;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view for explaining the fourth step of the method of manufacturing the rocker arms;

Fig. 16 is a plan view showing the first and second rocker arms according to the second embodiment;

Fig. 17 is a side view showing the main part of a valve gear according to the second embodiment; and

Fig. 18 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of a rocker shaft.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

(First Embodiment)

[0018] An embodiment of a valve gear for an engine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figs. 1 to 14.

[0019] A valve gear 1 shown in Fig. 1 is mounted on a DOHC four-cylinder engine 2 included in a vehicle (not shown).

[0020] The valve gear 1 includes switching mechanisms 3 (see Fig. 2) to switch between a plurality of operation forms (to be described later). The switching mechanisms 3 switch between a form in which cylinders are operated as usual and a form in which the cylinders are at rest, as will be described later in detail. The switching mechanisms 3 shown in Fig. 2 are provided on the intake valve side (the right side in Fig. 2) and exhaust valve side (the left side in Fig. 2) of all the cylinders.

[0021] The operation forms switched by the switching mechanisms 3 include a full cylinder operation form in which the four cylinders are operated as usual and a partial cylinder operation form in which only an arbitrary cylinder among the four cylinders is operated. Fig. 2 shows a state in which the switching mechanisms 3 are provided in all the cylinders so as to change the number of cylinders operated when the partial cylinder operation form is adopted. When the partial cylinder operation form is adopted, if only one of the four cylinders is operated, one-cylinder operation form is set. If only two of the four cylinders are operated, a 1/2 reduced cylinder operation form is set. If only three of the four cylinders are operated, a three-cylinder operation form is set. If the four cylinders are at rest, a full cylinder rest form is set.

[0022] If the one- or three-cylinder operation form is adopted, it is considered to adopt an arrangement in which a cylinder to be operated is determined and selected based on a predetermined rule and all the cylinders are equally operated.

[0023] The 1/2 reduced cylinder operation form can be implemented in the first and second operation forms in which different cylinders are operated. In the first operation form, a cylinder (first cylinder) located at one end in a direction, in which the four cylinders are arranged, and the fourth cylinder from the end are operated. In the second operation form, the second and third cylinders from one end in the direction in which the four cylinders are arranged are operated.

[0024] If only the 1/2 reduced cylinder operation form and the full cylinder operation form are switched, the switching mechanisms 3 are generally mounted on only the cylinders which are at rest although not shown. If the switching mechanisms 3 are provided in all the cylinders, it is possible to alternately switch, based on the predetermined rule, between the 1/2 reduced cylinder operation form by the first operation form and that by the second operation form. For example, since all the cylinders are almost equally operated by switching for every predetermined time between the first operation form and the second operation form, the temperature distribution of the engine is uniform although the 1/2 reduced cylinder operation form is adopted.

[0025] The full cylinder rest form is switched when, for example, an accelerator is turned off. If the full cylinder rest form is adopted, only adiabatic compression and adiabatic expansion are repeated in each cylinder, and there is no intake or exhaust to or from a combustion chamber, thereby decreasing a pumping loss.

[0026] As shown in Fig. 1, the switching mechanisms 3 according to this embodiment form part of the valve gear 1. The valve gear 1 converts the rotations of an intake camshaft 5 and an exhaust camshaft 6, both of which are provided in a cylinder head 4, into reciprocating motions using rocker arms 7 in the cylinder operated as usual, thereby driving an intake valve 8 and an exhaust valve 9.

[0027] A portion which drives the intake valve 8 and a portion which drives the exhaust valve 9 in the valve gear 1 have the same structure. For this reason, as for members which have the same structure on the side of the intake valve 8 and on the side of the exhaust valve 9, the member on the side of the exhaust valve 9 will be described. The member on the side of the intake valve 8 is denoted by the same reference number and a description thereof will be omitted.

[0028] Each of the intake camshaft 5 and the exhaust camshaft 6 includes a camshaft main body 11 rotatably supported in the cylinder head 4, and a cam 12 provided on the camshaft main body 11. Note that the intake camshaft 5 and the exhaust camshaft 6 will generally simply be referred to as camshafts 14 hereinafter.

[0029] The camshaft main body 11 is formed into a rod shape with a circular section. As shown in Fig. 3, the cam 12 includes a circular base portion 12a and a nose portion 12b. The circular base portion 12a is formed into a shape that is part of a column located on the same axis as the camshaft main body 11, and is formed into a size that brings the valve lift amount of the intake valve 8 or the exhaust valve 9 to zero. The nose portion 12b is formed into a shape that projects outward in the radial direction from the circular base portion 12a by a predetermined projection amount so as to have a mountain-shaped section.

[0030] The intake valve 8 and the exhaust valve 9 each include two valves per cylinder, and each valve is reciprocably supported by the cylinder head 4. The two intake valves 8 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the intake camshaft 5. The two exhaust valves 9 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the exhaust camshaft 6.

[0031] As shown in Fig. 1, the intake valve 8 is formed from a valve body 8a which opens/closes an intake port 15 of the cylinder head 4, and a valve shaft 8b extending from the valve body 8a into a valve chamber 16 of the cylinder head 4. The exhaust valve 9 is formed from a valve body 9a which opens/closes an exhaust port 17 of the cylinder head 4, and a valve shaft 9b extending from the valve body 9a into the valve chamber 16 of the cylinder head 4. The valve shafts 8b and 9b are respectively supported via valve shaft guides 8c and 9c press-fitted in a valve chamber bottom wall 16a of the cylinder head 4. A valve spring 18 which biases the intake valve 8 or the exhaust valve 9 in a direction to close the valve is provided between the distal end of each of the valve shafts 8b and 9b and a bottom surface 16b of the valve chamber bottom wall 16a. A cap-shaped shim 19 is provided at the distal end of each of the valve shafts 8b and 9b.

[0032] The upstream end of the intake port 15 is open to one side of the cylinder head 4. The downstream end of the intake port 15 is open to a combustion chamber 20 provided for each cylinder. The upstream end of the exhaust port 17 is open to the combustion chamber 20. The downstream end of the exhaust port 17 is open to the other side of the cylinder head 4. A tubular wall portion 21 for attaching and detaching a spark plug (not shown) from above is provided in a portion corresponding to the center of the combustion chamber 20 in the cylinder head 4.

[0033] The valve chamber 16 of the cylinder head 4 is surrounded by the cylinder head 4 and a cylinder head cover 4a (see Fig. 1) mounted on the cylinder head 4, and is partitioned for each cylinder by partitions 22 (see Fig. 2) located between the cylinders. As shown in Fig. 1, an intake-side journal portion 23 for supporting the intake camshaft 5 and an exhaust-side journal portion 24 for supporting the exhaust camshaft 6 are formed in the upper end portion of each partition 22. A cam cap 25 is mounted on the journal portions 23 and 24 by a plurality of mounting bolts 26 (see Fig. 2).

[0034] The cam cap 25 rotatably supports the intake camshaft 5 and the exhaust camshaft 6 by sandwiching them with the journal portions 23 and 24. A camshaft support portion 27 formed from the journal portions 23 and 24 and the cam cap 25 is provided in each of the above-described partitions 22 between the cylinders and partitions 28 and 29 at the front end and rear end of the cylinder head 4. The front end and rear end respectively correspond to an upper end and a lower end in Fig. 2, and correspond to one end and the other end in the axial direction of the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 2.

[0035] Rocker housing units 31 for supporting the rocker arms 7 (to be described later) are provided between the camshaft support portions 27 in the cylinder head 4. The rocker housing unit 31 according to this embodiment is provided for each cylinder, and is fixed, by fixing bolts 33, to a support wall portion 32 (see Fig. 1) integrally formed with the cylinder head 4 across the partitions 22. As shown in Fig. 1, the support wall portion 32 extends in the axial direction of the crankshaft by intersecting the tubular wall portion 21 for attaching and detaching the spark plug. The upper end of the tubular wall portion 21 is connected to the support wall portion 32, and a circular opening (not shown) connected to the interior of the tubular wall portion 21 is formed in the support wall portion 32. All of the above-described valve chamber bottom walls 16a, tubular wall portions 21, partitions 22, and support wall portions 32 form part of the cylinder head 4, and are integrally molded at the time of casting of the cylinder head 4.

[0036] As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the rocker housing unit 31 is formed by three functional portions. These functional portions are a first rocker shaft support portion 34 located uppermost in Fig. 5, a second rocker shaft support portion 35 located lowermost in Fig. 5, and a connecting portion 36 which connects the first rocker shaft support portion 34 and the second rocker shaft support portion 35. The first rocker shaft support portion 34, the second rocker shaft support portion 35, and the connecting portion 36 according to this embodiment are integrally formed by casting.

[0037] Two circular holes 38 and two circular holes 39 in which rocker shafts 37 (see Fig. 4) are fitted are formed in the first rocker shaft support portion 34 and the second rocker shaft support portion 35, respectively. In addition, through holes 33a (see Fig. 5) for passing the fixing bolts 33 are formed. The rocker shaft 37 which supports the rocker arm 7 for driving the intake valve is fitted in one of the two circular holes 38 and one of the two circular holes 39. The rocker shaft 37 which supports the rocker arm 7 for driving the exhaust valve is fitted in the other one of the circular holes 38 and the other one of the circular holes 39.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 6, the first rocker shaft support portion 34 includes a base 34a mounted on the support wall portion 32 and convex portions 34b projecting upward from the base 34a. The two circular holes 38 in which one-end portions of the rocker shafts 37 are fitted are formed in the convex portions 34b.

[0039] The two circular holes 38 of the first rocker shaft support portion 34 are non-through holes. The one-end portions of the rocker shafts 37 are respectively fitted in the circular holes 38. A first oil hole 40 is connected to the circular holes 38. As shown in Fig. 6, the first oil hole 40 is formed into a V shape when viewed from the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37 to lead oil from a first oil inlet and outlet 41 of the cylinder head 4 into the two circular holes 38. The circular holes 38 and the first oil hole 40 form part of a first hydraulic supply portion 42 (to be described later) (see Fig. 9). The first hydraulic supply portion 42 corresponds to a "hydraulic supply portion configured to supply an oil pressure to one piston" of the present invention.

[0040] The first oil inlet and outlet 41 is formed using the support wall portion 32 of the cylinder head 4.

[0041] As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the second rocker shaft support portion 35 includes a hydraulic operation portion 35a mounted on the support wall portion 32 and convex portions 35b projecting upward from the hydraulic operation portion 35a.

[0042] The hydraulic operation portion 35a is formed into a shape projecting toward two sides from the convex portions 35b. Cylinder holes 43 are respectively formed in two end portions of the hydraulic operation portion 35a. The cylinder holes 43 are formed from non-through holes extending in parallel to the axis of the camshaft 14, and are open to one side where the first rocker shaft support portion 34 is located. Hydraulic pistons 44 (see Fig. 9) forming part of the above-described switching mechanism 3 are movably fitted in the cylinder holes 43, respectively. The hydraulic piston 44 corresponds to "the other piston" of the present invention.

[0043] As shown in Fig. 8, a second oil hole 45 is connected to the cylinder holes 43. The second oil hole 45 connects the cylinder hole 43 on the intake valve side located on one end side of the hydraulic operation portion 35a and the cylinder hole 43 on the exhaust valve side located on the other end side to a second oil inlet and outlet 46 of the cylinder head 4. The second oil inlet and outlet 46 is formed using the support wall portion 32. In this embodiment, the second oil hole 45 forms the "second oil passage" of the present invention. That is, the hydraulic piston 44 operates when supplied with an oil pressure via a second hydraulic supply portion 47 formed from the second oil hole 45 and the cylinder holes 43. The second hydraulic supply portion 47 corresponds to an "oil pressure supply portion configured to supply an oil pressure to the other piston" of the present invention.

[0044] As shown in Fig. 4, each hydraulic piston 44 includes a pressing plate 44a projecting from the cylinder hole 43. The pressing plate 44a is formed larger in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the camshaft than the cylinder hole 43.

[0045] As shown in Fig. 7, the two circular holes 39 in which the other-end portions of the rocker shafts 37 are fitted are formed in the convex portions 35b of the second rocker shaft support portion 35. The circular holes 39 are non-through holes. As shown in Fig. 4, each rocker shaft 37 is engaged with a stopper pin 48 which is press-fitted in the convex portion 35b from above, thereby implementing removal prevention and whirl-stop. A third oil hole 49 is connected to the two circular holes 39. The third oil hole 49 connects the two circular holes 39 to a lubricating oil supply portion 50 of the cylinder head 4. The lubricating oil supply portion is formed using the support wall portion 32.

[0046] As shown in Fig. 9, an oil hole 51 formed from a non-through hole which is open to one end (one end supported by the second rocker shaft support portion 35) of the rocker shaft 37 is formed in the axial portion of the rocker shaft 37. Two oil passages 53 and 54 which are adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37 across a partition portion 52 are formed on the rocker shaft 37. The oil passages 53 and 54 are partitioned and formed by one oil hole 51 formed in the rocker shaft 37 and a plug member 55 forming the above-described partition portion 52. The oil hole 51 is formed by a large-diameter portion 51a including an opening end and a small-diameter portion 51b located on the other end side with respect to the plug member 55. The plug member 55 closes the boundary portion between the large-diameter portion 51a and the small-diameter portion 51b.

[0047] Among the two oil passages 53 and 54 formed in the rocker shaft 37, one oil passage 53 formed by the small-diameter portion 51b is connected to the first oil hole 40 formed in the first rocker shaft support portion 34. The oil passage 53 forms part of the first hydraulic supply portion 42. The other oil passage 54 formed by the large-diameter portion 51a is configured to supply oil to lubricated portions of the rocker arms 7 (to be described later).

[0048] First to third communication holes 56 to 58 communicating the interior of the large-diameter portion 51a of the oil hole 51 and the exterior of the rocker shaft 37 are formed at three positions in the middle of the rocker shaft 37. Oil sent from the above-described lubricating oil supply portion 50 into the circular holes 39 through the third oil hole 49 is supplied outside the rocker shaft 37 from the first to third communication holes 56 to 58 through the oil hole 51 in the rocker shaft 37.

[0049] The connecting portion 36 of the rocker housing unit 31 is formed into a plate shape extending in the axial direction of the camshaft 14. As shown in Fig. 5, a circular hole 36a is formed as a through hole in the connecting portion 36 to be concentrically connected to the circular hole (not shown) of the above-described support wall portion 32.

[0050] As shown in Figs. 4 and 9, each rocker arm 7 is formed by a plurality of members. The plurality of members include a first rocker arm 62, a second rocker arm 64, and first to third switch pins 65 to 67. The first rocker arm 62 includes a roller 61 which contacts the cam 12. A valve pressing portion 63 which presses the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 is provided at the swing end of the second rocker arm 64. The first to third switch pins 65 to 67 selectively connect the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64.

[0051] As shown in Fig. 10, the first rocker arm 62 is formed into a U shape in a front view by a first arm piece 62a and a second arm piece 62b which are swingably supported by the rocker shaft 37 and two connecting pieces 62c and 62d which connect the first and second arm pieces 62a and 62b. The rocker shaft 37 is swingably fitted in through holes 68 respectively formed in the first arm piece 62a and the second arm piece 62b.

[0052] As shown in Figs. 3 and 10, projections 69 are formed on end surfaces which are one-end portions, supported by the rocker shaft 37, of the first arm piece 62a and the second arm piece 62b, and are oriented to the camshaft 14 when viewed from the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37.

[0053] The roller 61 is inserted between the first arm piece 62a and the second arm piece 62b. The roller 61 forms a cam follower which is formed from a rotation member contacting the cam 12.

[0054] The roller 61 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 72 fitted in shaft holes 71 of the first arm piece 62a and the second arm piece 62b via a needle bearing (not shown). The axis of the support shaft 72 is parallel to that of the rocker shaft 37. Part of the outer surface of the roller 61 faces the rocker shaft 37, as shown in Fig. 9. A space S1 is formed between the roller 61 and the rocker shaft 37.

[0055] Among the above-described first to third communication holes 56 to 58, the second communication hole 57 located at the center is provided in a portion of the rocker shaft 37 facing the roller 61.

[0056] That is, some of oil sent into the rocker shaft 37 is ejected from the second communication hole 57 located at the center and adheres to the outer surface of the roller 61, thereby lubricating the contact portion between the roller 61 and the cam 12. The first and third communication holes 56 and 58 located on two sides among the three communication holes 56 to 58 are provided in portions of the rocker shaft 37, which pass through the second rocker arm 64. Therefore, the lubricated portion of the second rocker arm 64, which contacts the rocker shaft 37, is lubricated by oil flowing out from the first and third communication holes 56 and 58.

[0057] A first pin hole 73 formed from a through hole is formed in the axial portion of the support shaft 72. The first switch pin 65 is fitted in the first pin hole 73 to be movable in the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37. The first switch pin 65 is formed into a columnar shape. In addition, the first switch pin 65 is formed to be longer than the width of the first rocker arm 62 (the length of the first rocker arm 62 in the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37) by a predetermined length. A convex portion 74 (see Fig. 12) projecting from the first rocker arm 62 in the first switch pin 65 is stored in a concave portion 75 of the second rocker arm 64 (to be described later).

[0058] As shown in Fig. 3, a spring member 76 for return is provided between the cylinder head 4 and the connecting piece 62d of the first rocker arm 62. The spring member 76 biases the first rocker arm 62 in a direction in which the roller 61 is pressed against the cam 12, that is, a return direction as a direction opposite to that in which the first rocker arm 62 is pressed by the cam 12 and swings. For this reason, when pressed by the cam 12, the first rocker arm 62 swings against the spring force of the spring member 76.

[0059] As shown in Figs. 4 and 9, the second rocker arm 64 includes a first arm half portion 81 and a second arm half portion 82 which are swingably supported by the rocker shaft 37, and a first connecting portion 83 and a second connecting portion 84 which connect the arm half portions 81 and 82. The first and second arm half portions 81 and 82 and the first and second connecting portions 83 and 84 according to this embodiment are integrally formed by integral molding. The rocker shaft 37 is swingably fitted in through holes 85 respectively formed in the first arm half portion 81 and the second arm half portion 82.

[0060] As shown in Fig. 9, a second pin hole 91 formed from a non-through hole and an oil hole 92 extending from the pin hole 91 to the rocker shaft 37 are formed in the middle of the first arm half portion 81. The second pin hole 91 forms a cylinder hole. One end of the oil hole 92 is open inside the second pin hole 91, and the other end is connected to a fourth communication hole 93 of the rocker shaft 37. The fourth communication hole 93 extends in the radial direction of the rocker shaft 37 to communicate the interior of the small-diameter portion 51b of the oil hole 51 with the oil hole 92. That is, the second pin hole 91 is communicated with the first oil inlet and outlet 41 of the cylinder head 4 via a first oil passage 94 formed from the oil hole 92, the fourth communication hole 93, the small-diameter portion 51b of the oil hole 51, and the first oil hole 40.

[0061] A third pin hole 95 formed from a through hole is formed in the middle of the second arm half portion 82. A circlip 96 is provided at one end (an end located on the side opposite to the first arm half portion 81) of the third pin hole 95.

[0062] The first arm half portion 81 and the second arm half portion 82 are disposed at positions which sandwich the first rocker arm 62 from two sides in the axial direction in a state in which the first arm half portion 81 and the second arm half portion 82 are swingably supported by the rocker shaft 37. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a projection 86 is provided in a portion which is in the middle of the second arm half portion 82 and is oriented to the camshaft 14. On the other hand, a disc portion 87 is provided in a portion of the camshaft 14 facing the projection 86, as indicated by two-dot dashed lines in Fig. 4. The disc portion 87 is formed into a disc shape having the same diameter as that of the circular base portion 12a of the cam 12, and provided at a position adjacent to the cam 12.

[0063] As shown in Fig. 3, a gap d1 is formed between the disc portion 87 and the projection 86 in a state in which the valve pressing portion 63 of the second rocker arm 64 is in contact with the shim 19. When the second rocker arm 64 bounces and swings toward the camshaft 14 due to a vibration or the like, the projection 86 hits the disc portion 87 to regulate the further swing of the second rocker arm 64.

[0064] As shown in Fig. 11, the projection 86 is close to the disc portion 87 of the camshaft 14 to have a slight gap d2 in a state in which the roller 61 of the first rocker arm 62 abuts against the circular base portion 12a of the cam 12. The gap d2 is narrower than the gap d1 shown in Fig. 3. In the state shown in Fig. 11, a valve clearance d3 is formed between the shim 19 and the valve pressing portion 63 of the second rocker arm 64.

[0065] The swing ends of the first arm half portion 81 and the second arm half portion 82 are connected by the first connecting portion 83. The valve pressing portions 63 which press the shims 19 of the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 are provided at two ends of the first connecting portion 83. That is, the second rocker arm 64 simultaneously presses the two intake valves 8 or exhaust valves 9 provided for each cylinder.

[0066] The bases of the first arm half portion 81 and second arm half portion 82, which are supported by the rocker shaft 37, are connected to each other by the second connecting portion 84.

[0067] As shown in Fig. 3, the second connecting portion 84 is disposed in the one-end portions, supported by the rocker shaft 37, of the first arm half portion 81 and the second arm half portion 82, and connects the portions facing the camshaft 14. As shown in Fig. 4, the second connecting portion 84 crosses the first rocker arm 62 in a planar view. Therefore, when the first rocker arm 62 swings toward the cam 12 with respect to the second rocker arm 64, the projection 69 of the first rocker arm 62 moves closer to the second connecting portion 84. In this embodiment, a stopper 88 (see Fig. 3) which abuts against the projection 69 of the first rocker arm 62 is provided on the lower surface (the surface opposite to the cam 12) of the second connecting portion 84.

[0068] When the first rocker arm 62 swings by the spring force of the spring member 76 in a state in which the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 are closed, the projection 69 abuts against the stopper 88. After the projection 69 abuts against the stopper 88, the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are integrally biased in the return direction by the spring force of the spring member 76. Thus, during this period, the first pin hole 73, a second pin hole 91, and a third pin hole 95 are aligned and maintained on the same axis. Therefore, the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 can be readily and reliably switched to the connected state as the state shown in Fig. 9. The connected state indicates a state in which the first switch pin 65 moves to a position across the first pin hole 73 and the third pin hole 95, and the second switch pin 66 moves to a position across the first pin hole 73 and the second pin hole 91.

[0069] As shown in Fig. 11, the stopper 88 is located in a concave space S2 below the cam 12 at a stopper abutting position of the first rocker arm 62 where the projection 69 of the first rocker arm 62 abuts against the stopper 88. The concave space S2 indicates a space surrounded by the cam 12 of the camshaft 14, the roller 61 of the first rocker arm 62, and the rocker shaft 37 when viewed from the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37. In the following description, a state in which the projection 69 of the first rocker arm 62 abuts against the stopper 88 will simply be referred to as a "stopper abutting state" hereinafter.

[0070] As shown in Fig. 12, the concave portion 75 for storing the convex portion 74 of the first switch pin 65 is formed on the inner surface of the first arm half portion 81 facing the first rocker arm 62. The second pin hole 91 is open inside the concave portion 75.

[0071] Although not shown, the concave portion 75 is formed on the inner surface of the second arm half portion 82 facing the first rocker arm 62, similarly to the first arm half portion 81. The third pin hole 95 is open inside the concave portion 75. The concave portion 75 of the first arm half portion 81 and that of the second arm half portion 82 are formed into the same shape at the same position when viewed from the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37.

[0072] The concave portion 75 is formed into a groove shape extending downward from the second pin hole 91 or the third pin hole 95, and includes a plurality of functional portions. In this case, "downward" indicates a direction in which the second rocker arm 64 swings when the second rocker arm 64 presses and opens the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9. The plurality of functional portions include a non-regulation portion 75a through which the convex portions 74 at two ends of the first switch pin 65 pass when the first rocker arm 62 swings with respect to the second rocker arm 64, and a regulation portion 75b which regulates the movement of the convex portion 74.

[0073] In a state in which predetermined conditions are satisfied, the non-regulation portion 75a is formed into a shape that allows the first rocker arm 62 to swing with respect to the second rocker arm 64 between a swing start position and a maximum swing position without regulating the passage of the convex portion 74. The state in which the predetermined conditions are satisfied indicates a state (the non-connected state to be described later) in which the first rocker arm 62 is supported by the rocker shaft 37 and can swing with respect to the second rocker arm 64.

[0074] The swing start position represents the position of the first rocker arm 62 while the roller 61 is in contact with the circular base portion 12a of the cam 12.

[0075] The maximum swing position represents the position of the first rocker arm 62 while a portion where the projection amount of the nose portion 12b is largest is in contact with the roller 61.

[0076] In the above-described state in which the predetermined conditions are satisfied, the regulation portion 75b regulates, by regulating the passage of the convex portion 74, the swing of the first rocker arm 62 beyond the maximum swing position with respect to the second rocker arm 64. That is, as indicated by two-dot dashed lines in Fig. 12, the regulation portion 75b is formed into a shape that intersects the moving locus of the convex portion 74 when the first rocker arm 62 swings beyond the maximum swing position.

[0077] The regulation portion 75b is formed in an opening 97 located on one end side of the concave portion 75 presenting the groove shape. The opening 97 is open in the lower direction (the direction opposite to the camshaft 14) of the second rocker arm 64. The regulation portion 75b is formed so that the opening width of the opening 97 is larger than the outer diameter of the convex portion 74. The convex portion 74 can enter and leave the concave portion 75 through the opening 97 in a state in which the first rocker arm 62 is not supported by the rocker shaft 37. That is, the regulation portion 75b is formed into a shape that allows the passage of the convex portion 74 in the state in which the first rocker arm 62 is not supported by the rocker shaft 37.

[0078] As shown in Fig. 9, the second pin hole 91 and third pin hole 95 of the second rocker arm 64 extend in parallel to the axis of the rocker shaft 37 across the first arm half portion 81 and the second arm half portion 82.

[0079] The distance between the axis of the rocker shaft 37 and the center line of the second pin hole 91 and the third pin hole 95 matches the distance between the axis of the rocker shaft 37 and the center line of the first pin hole 73 of the first rocker arm 62. In other words, the first pin hole 73, the second pin hole 91, and the third pin hole 95 are formed at equidistant positions of the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 from the rocker shaft 37.

[0080] That is, the first pin hole 73, the second pin hole 91, and the third pin hole 95 are located on the same axis in a state in which the swing angle of the first rocker arm 62 and the swing angle of the second rocker arm 64 are predetermined angles. The predetermined angles are angles made when the intake valve 8 or the exhaust valve 9 is kept closed (the valve lift amount is zero), and are angles in the above-described stopper abutting state.

[0081] The hole diameter of the second pin hole 91 and the third pin hole 95 matches the hole diameter of the first pin hole 73.

[0082] As shown in Fig. 9, the second switch pin 66 is movably fitted in the second pin hole 91. In addition, a spring member 98 that biases the second switch pin 66 toward the first rocker arm 62 is provided in the second pin hole 91. The second switch pin 66 forms the hydraulic piston formed into a closed-end cylindrical shape, and is inserted into the second pin hole 91 forming the cylinder hole in a state in which the bottom portion faces the first switch pin 65. In this embodiment, the second switch pin 66 forms "one piston", which is one of the first piston and the second piston, of the present invention. The valve gear 1 according to this embodiment includes the first hydraulic supply portion 42 formed from the first arm half portion 81 of the second rocker arm 64, one end of the rocker shaft 37, the first rocker shaft support portion 34, the above-described first oil passage 94, and the like. The first hydraulic supply portion 42 corresponds to the "hydraulic supply portion configured to supply an oil pressure to one piston" of the present invention, and supplies an oil pressure to the second switch pin 66.

[0083] The second switch pin 66 has a length such that it can be stored in the second pin hole 91, as indicated by two-dot dashed lines in Fig. 9. The spring member 98 is provided between the inner bottom portion of the second switch pin 66 and the bottom portion of the second pin hole 91. The second switch pin 66 is pressed by the oil pressure applied via the first oil passage 94 and the spring force of the spring member 98 to press one end of the first switch pin 65 to the other end in the stopper abutting state in which the first pin hole 73, the second pin hole 91, and the third pin hole 95 are located on the same axis.

[0084] The third switch pin 67 is movably fitted in the third pin hole 95. In this embodiment, the third switch pin 67 and the above-described first switch pin 65 and second switch pin 66 constitute "switch pins" of the present invention. The third switch pin 67 includes a large-diameter portion 67a facing the first switch pin 65, and a small-diameter portion 67b projecting from the large-diameter portion 67a outside the second rocker arm 64. A step 99 is formed in the boundary portion between the large-diameter portion 67a and the small-diameter portion 67b.

[0085] The outer diameter of the small-diameter portion 67b is smaller than the inner diameter of the circlip 96 provided in the third pin hole 95. The distal end face of the small-diameter portion 67b faces the above-described pressing plate 44a of the hydraulic piston 44.

[0086] The length of the third switch pin 67 in the axial direction is slightly shorter than the length of the third pin hole 95, as indicated by the two-dot dashed lines in Fig. 9. Thus, even if the hydraulic piston 44 advances until it hits the second arm half portion 82, the whole third switch pin 67 is stored in the second arm half portion 82, and two ends of the first switch pin 65 almost equally project from the first rocker arm 62.

[0087] In the stopper abutting state, if the hydraulic piston 44 is in the non-operation state, when the oil pressure in the first oil passage 94 rises, the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 are pressed to the side of the hydraulic piston 44 by the oil pressure and the spring force of the spring member 98, and move to connecting positions indicated by solid lines in Fig. 9. The non-operation state of the hydraulic piston 44 indicates a state in which no oil pressure is applied to the hydraulic piston 44. The connecting positions indicate positions where the movement of the third switch pin 67 is regulated when the step 99 abuts against the circlip 96. In this state, the first switch pin 65 is located across the first rocker arm 62 and the second arm half portion 82 of the second rocker arm 64. Furthermore, the second switch pin 66 is located across the first rocker arm 62 and the first arm half portion 81 of the second rocker arm 64. When the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 are located at the connecting positions, the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are connected and can integrally swing about the rocker shaft 37.

[0088] That is, the rotation of the cam 12 is converted into a reciprocating motion by the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64, and the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 are driven. At this time, the third switch pin 67 is pressed against the circlip 96 and held at the connecting position. In addition, the third switch pin 67 moves along with the swing of the second rocker arm 64 in a state in which a clearance is formed with respect to the pressing plate 44a of the hydraulic piston 44. The pressing plate 44a is formed into a size such that part of the pressing plate 44a always faces the third switch pin 67 even if the first and second rocker arms 62 and 64 swing.

[0089] As shown in Fig. 4, the hydraulic piston 44 retreats to a position where the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 are not prevented from moving to the connecting positions in the non-operation state. If the oil pressure in the second oil hole 45 rises while the oil pressure of the first oil passage 94 disappears, and the hydraulic piston 44 changes from the non-operation state to the operation state, the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 are pressed by the hydraulic piston 44 to move to the non-connecting positions indicated by the two-dot dashed lines in Fig. 9. At this time, the pressing plate 44a of the hydraulic piston 44 abuts against the second arm half portion 82. The third switch pin 67 is stored in the third pin hole 95. Two ends of the first switch pin 65 slightly project from the first rocker arm 62, and enter the concave portions 75 of the first and second arm half portions 81 and 82. The second switch pin 66 is stored in the second pin hole 91.

[0090] When the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 are located at the non-connecting positions, the connected state between the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 is canceled. In this case, the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 can individually swing. Thus, as shown in Fig. 3, only the first rocker arm 62 is pressed by the cam 12 and swings, and the second rocker arm 64 never swings. In this case, since the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 are kept closed, the cylinders are in the rest state.

[0091] The outer diameters of the first to third switch pins 65 to 67 according to this embodiment are set such that even if the first rocker arm 62 swings with respect to the second rocker arm 64, parts of the switch pins always face each other when viewed from the axial direction, as shown in Fig. 3.

[0092] A method of manufacturing the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 will be described next with reference to Figs. 13 to 15. The manufacturing method is implemented by the first to fourth steps (to be described later). In the first step, as shown in Fig. 13, a cylindrical jig 101 is fitted in the shaft hole 71 of the first rocker arm 62, instead of the support shaft 72. The cylindrical jig 101 has an outer diameter which is fitted in the shaft hole 71 of the first rocker arm 62. The cylindrical jig 101 has an inner diameter which matches that of the second pin hole 91 and third pin hole 95 of the second rocker arm 64.

[0093] In the second step, as shown in Fig. 14, one rod-shaped jig 102 is fitted in the second and third pin holes 91 and 95 of the second rocker arm 64 and a hollow portion 101a of the cylindrical jig 101, instead of the first to third switch pins 65 to 67. The rod-shaped jig 102 is formed into a columnar shape having an outer diameter fitted in the hollow portion 101a (first pin hole 73) and the second and third pin holes 91 and 95. By implementing the second step, the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are connected via the rod-shaped jigs 102.

[0094] In the third step, as shown in Fig. 14, the first rocker arm 62 is held in a state in which it abuts against the stopper 88 of the second rocker arm 64.

[0095] In the fourth step, as shown in Fig. 15, the through holes 68 and 85 for passing the rocker shafts 37 through the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are co-processed by drills 103. In other words, the drills 103 are passed through the held first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64, and holes (through holes 68 and 85) for passing the rocker shafts 37 are processed.

[0096] After forming the through holes 68 and 85 in this way, and pulling the rod-shaped jigs 102 out from the first and second rocker arms 62 and 64, the assembly operation of the rocker arms 7 is performed. This assembly operation is performed by a temporary assembly step of temporarily combining the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 and a connecting step of passing the rocker shafts 37 through the rocker arms 62 and 64.

[0097] In the temporary assembly step, an assembly is formed by combining the first rocker arm 62 to which the roller 61 and the first switch pin 65 are assembled, and the second rocker arm 64 to which the second and third switch pins 66 and 67 and the spring member 98 are assembled. At this time, the convex portion 74 of the first switch pin 65 is inserted from the opening 97 into the concave portion 75 of the second rocker arm 64.

[0098] In the connecting step, in a state in which the convex portion 74 is located in the concave portion 75, the rocker arms 7 are inserted between the first rocker shaft support portion 34 and the second rocker shaft support portion 35 of the rocker housing unit 31, and the rocker shafts 37 are passed through these members. If the first and second rocker arms 62 and 64 are supported by the rocker shaft 37, the first switch pin 65 cannot leave the concave portion 75, thereby keeping the state in which the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are combined. Consequently, the rocker arms 7 can be dealt with while being mounted on the rocker housing units 31. The rocker arms 7 are assembled to the cylinder head 4 by mounting the rocker housing units 31 on the support wall portion 32 of the cylinder head 4 by the fixing bolts 33.

[0099] In the valve gear 1 for the engine 2, which has the above arrangement, an oil pressure applied to the second switch pin 66 as one of the two hydraulic pistons (second switch pin 66 and hydraulic piston 44) is supplied through the first oil passage 94 including the interior of the rocker shaft 37. An oil pressure applied to the hydraulic piston 44 as the other piston is supplied through the second oil hole 45 (second oil passage) provided in the rocker housing unit.

[0100] The first oil passage 94 is formed by a path from the first arm half portion 81 of the second rocker arm 64 through one end of the rocker shaft 37 to the first rocker shaft support portion 34 of the rocker housing unit 31. Thus, the lubricating oil hole 51 (large-diameter portion 51a) can be formed in a portion except for one end of the rocker shaft 37.

[0101] Therefore, according to this embodiment, the lubricating oil passage 54 is provided in the rocker shaft 37 without increasing the outer diameter of the rocker shaft 37 while adopting the arrangement of forming, in the rocker shaft 37, the oil passage 53 for supplying an oil pressure.

[0102] In addition, since one hydraulic piston (second switch pin 66) is provided in the rocker arm 7, the rocker arm 7 is formed to have a small weight and a compact size, as compared with the valve gear described in patent literature 1, in which two hydraulic pistons are provided in the rocker arm 7. This can increase the rotation speed of the engine 2, thereby providing the valve gear for the engine capable of improving the output. In addition, according to this embodiment, as compared with a case in which two hydraulic pistons are provided outside the rocker housing unit 31, one convex portion (the hydraulic operation portion 35a of the second rocker shaft support portion 35) projecting in the axial direction is needed to store the hydraulic pistons. Consequently, it is possible to obtain the valve gear which is compact in the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37.

[0103] The engine 2 according to this embodiment is a multi-cylinder engine. The rocker housing unit 31 and the rocker shaft 37 are provided for each cylinder. The rocker housing unit 31 is formed by the first rocker shaft support portion 34 which supports one end of the rocker shaft 37, the second rocker shaft support portion 35 which supports the other end of the rocker shaft 37, and the connecting portion 36 which connects the first rocker shaft support portion 34 and the second rocker shaft support portion 35. Part of the first oil passage 94 is formed in the first rocker shaft support portion 34, and the second oil hole 45 serving as the second oil passage is formed in the second rocker shaft support portion 35.

[0104] According to this embodiment, a rocker arm assembly for each cylinder is formed by mounting the first and second rocker arms 62 and 64 on the rocker housing unit 31 via the rocker shaft 37.

[0105] Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to readily assemble, to the cylinder head 4, the valve gear 1 capable of switching between the form in which the two types of rocker arms 62 and 64 are connected and the form in which the rocker arms are separated. Especially, the valve gear 1 according to this embodiment hardly imposes a restriction on the structure of the camshaft support portion 27 existing between the cylinders. Consequently, along with the compact valve gear 1, the degree of freedom of the layout of the respective constituent portions of the cylinder head 4 becomes high.

[0106] In the rocker shaft 37 according to this embodiment, the two oil passages 53 and 54 which are adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the rocker shaft 37 across the partition portion 52 in the rocker shaft 37 are formed. Among these oil passages, one oil passage 53 serves as part of the first oil passage 94 which supplies an oil pressure to the second switch pin 66. The other oil passage 54 serves as a lubricating oil passage which supplies oil to the lubricated portions of the first rocker arm 62 and second rocker arm 64.

[0107] Thus, it is possible to sufficiently supply oil to the lubricated portions of the first rocker arm 62 and second rocker arm 64, thereby reliably lubricating the lubricated portions. When lubricating the first and second rocker arms 62 and 64, the reliability becomes high.

[0108] The two oil passages 53 and 54 in the rocker shaft 37 according to this embodiment are partitioned and formed by the one oil hole 51 formed in the rocker shaft 37 and the plug member 55 which closes the middle portion of the oil hole 51.

[0109] Therefore, the oil hole 51 can be formed by drilling. The plug member 55 can be press-fitted in the oil hole 51, and fixed. Thus, the two oil passages 53 and 54 can be readily formed in the rocker shaft 37. Especially, as compared with a case in which two oil holes are formed by performing drilling for the rocker shaft 37 from two ends, and the opening of one of the oil holes is closed by the plug member, the rocker shaft 37 can be formed to have a short length, thereby providing a valve gear with a reduced weight and size.

(Second Embodiment)

[0110] A valve gear for an engine according to the present invention can be formed, as shown in Figs. 16 and 17. The same reference numerals as those of the members described with reference to Figs. 1 to 15 denote the same or similar members in Figs. 16 and 17, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0111] A second rocker arm 64 according to this embodiment includes a first cam follower 111 and a second cam follower 112. Each of the cam followers 111 and 112 is formed by a roller having the same diameter as that of a roller 61 of a first rocker arm 62.

[0112] The first cam follower 111 is inserted into a hole 113 formed in a first arm half portion 81, and is rotatably supported by a first tubular shaft 114 via a bearing (not shown). The first tubular shaft 114 is formed into a closed-end cylindrical shape, and is fixed to the first arm half portion 81 by a positioning pin 115 press-fitted in the first arm half portion 81. A hollow portion 114a of the first tubular shaft 114 forms a cylinder hole. While a second switch pin 66 forming a hydraulic piston is movably fitted in the hollow portion, a spring member 98 which biases the second switch pin 66 is stored in the hollow portion. Similarly to a case in which the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 is adopted, the interior of the first tubular shaft 114 is connected to a fourth communication hole 93 (not shown) of the rocker shaft 37 by an oil hole 92 extending to a rocker shaft 37 through the first tubular shaft 114.

[0113] The second cam follower 112 is inserted into a hole 116 formed in a second arm half portion 82, and is rotatably supported by a second tubular shaft 117 via a bearing (not shown). The second tubular shaft 117 is formed into a cylindrical shape that passes through the second arm half portion 82. The second tubular shaft 117 is fixed to the second arm half portion 82 by a positioning pin 118 press-fitted in the second arm half portion 82. While a third switch pin 67 is movably fitted in the inner circumferential portion of the second tubular shaft 117, a circlip 96 which regulates the movement of the third switch pin 67 is provided in the inner circumferential portion.

[0114] The first tubular shaft 114 and the second tubular shaft 117 are located on the same axis as a support shaft 72 of the first rocker arm 62 in a predetermined state. The predetermined state indicates a state in which the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are supported by rocker shafts 37 and the first rocker arm 62 abuts against a stopper 88.

[0115] On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 17, a camshaft 14 according to this embodiment includes a first cam 121 which contacts the roller 61 of the first rocker arm 62, and two second cams 122 which respectively contact the first and second cam followers 111 and 112 of the second rocker arm 64. The first cam 121 includes a nose portion 121a and a circular base portion 121b. The second cam 122 includes a nose portion 122a and a circular base portion 122b. The projection amount of the nose portion 122a of the second cam 122 is smaller than that of the nose portion 121a of the first cam 121.

[0116] According to this embodiment, when the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are connected and integrated, intake valves 8 or exhaust valves 9 are driven by the first cam 121. When the first rocker arm 62 and the second rocker arm 64 are separated, the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 are driven by the second cam 122.

[0117] Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to provide a valve gear for an engine, which can switch between the first driving form in which the valve lift amount of the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 is large and the second driving form in which the valve lift amount of the intake valves 8 or the exhaust valves 9 is small.

(Third Embodiment)

[0118] A rocker shaft can be formed, as shown in Fig. 18. The same reference numerals as those of the members described with reference to Figs. 1 to 17 denote the same or similar members in Fig. 18, and a detailed description thereof will appropriately be omitted.

[0119] Two oil passages 53 and 54 of a rocker shaft 37 shown in Fig. 18 are formed by first and second oil holes 131 and 132, respectively. The first oil hole 131 forming one oil passage 53 is formed by performing drilling up to a partition portion 52 from one end of the rocker shaft 37 to the other end.

[0120] A fourth communication hole 93 and a fifth communication hole 133, which extend in the radial direction of the rocker shaft 37, are formed in the oil passage 53. The fifth communication hole 133 communicates the interior of the first oil hole 131 with the first oil hole 40. The opening of the first oil hole 131 is closed by a press-fitted plug member 55.

[0121] The second oil hole 132 forming the other oil passage 54 is formed by performing drilling up to the partition portion 52 from the other end of the rocker shaft 37 to one end.

[0122] Even if the rocker shaft 37 is formed in this way, it is possible to obtain the same effect as in the above-described embodiments.

[0123] The rocker housing unit 31 used to adopt each of the above-described first and second embodiments is obtained by integrally forming the first and second rocker shaft support portions 34 and 35 and the connecting portion 36. These three functional portions of the rocker housing unit 31 can be individually formed. In this case, the rocker housing unit 31 can be formed by connecting a member serving as the first rocker shaft support portion 34 and a member serving as the second rocker shaft support portion 35 to a member serving as the connecting portion 36 by bolts (not shown).

[0124] Each of the above-described embodiments has explained a valve gear having an arrangement in which the third switch pin 67 is directly pressed by the hydraulic piston 44. However, although not shown, a swinging lever can be provided between the hydraulic piston 44 and the third switch pin 67. This lever is swingably supported by the second rocker shaft support portion 35 of the rocker housing unit 31 in a state in which one swing end is in contact with the third switch pin 67 and the other end is in contact with the hydraulic piston. By adopting this arrangement, the degree of freedom of the installation position of the hydraulic piston is improved.

Explanation of the Reference Numerals and Signs

[0125] 1...valve gear, 2...engine, 4...cylinder head, 5...intake camshaft, 6...exhaust camshaft, 8...intake valve, 9...exhaust valve, 12...cam, 27...camshaft support portion, 31...rocker housing unit, 34...first rocker shaft support portion, 35...second rocker shaft support portion, 35a...hydraulic operation portion, 36...connecting portion, 37...rocker shaft, 42...first hydraulic supply portion, 44...hydraulic piston, 45...second oil hole (second oil passage), 47...second hydraulic supply portion, 51...oil hole, 52...partition portion, 53, 54...oil passage, 55...plug member, 56...first communication hole, 57...second communication hole, 58...third communication hole, 61...roller, 62...first rocker arm, 64...second rocker arm, 65...first switch pin, 66...second switch pin, 67...third switch pin, 94...first oil passage

Claims

1. A valve gear for an engine, comprising:

a plurality of camshaft support portions provided in a cylinder head in a state in which the plurality of camshaft support portions are arranged in an axial direction of a crankshaft;

a camshaft rotatably supported by the plurality of camshaft support portions, and including a cam configured to drive one of an intake valve and an exhaust valve;

a rocker housing unit formed separately from the cam shaft support portions, and mounted on the cylinder head to be located between the camshaft support portions;

a rocker shaft, two ends of which are supported by the rocker housing unit;

a first rocker arm swingably supported by the rocker shaft;

a second rocker arm swingably supported by the rocker shaft and selectively connected to the first rocker arm by a switch pin movable in an axial direction of the rocker shaft;

a first piston configured to move the switch pin to one side in the axial direction;

a second piston configured to move the switch pin to the other side in the axial direction; and

hydraulic supply portions configured to supply an oil pressure to the first piston and the second piston,

wherein one piston, which is one of the first piston and the second piston, is provided in one rocker arm, which is one of the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm,

the other piston is provided in the rocker housing unit located on a side opposite to the one piston in the axial direction across the other rocker arm,

the hydraulic supply portion configured to supply the oil pressure to the one piston includes a first oil passage formed in the one rocker arm, the rocker shaft, and the rocker housing unit which supports one end of the rocker shaft, and

the hydraulic supply portion configured to supply the oil pressure to the other piston includes a second oil passage formed in the rocker housing unit.

2. The valve gear for the engine according to claim 1, wherein
the engine is a multi-cylinder engine,
the rocker housing unit and the rocker shaft are provided for each cylinder,
the rocker housing unit is formed by
a first rocker shaft support portion configured to support one end of the rocker shaft,
a second rocker shaft support portion configured to support the other end of the rocker shaft, and
a connecting portion configured to connect the first rocker shaft support portion and the second rocker shaft support portion,
part of the first oil passage is formed in the rocker shaft support portion of one of the first rocker shaft support portion and the second rocker shaft support portion, and
the second oil passage is formed in the other rocker shaft support portion.

3. The valve gear for the engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
two oil passages which are adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the rocker shaft across a partition portion in the rocker shaft are formed in the rocker shaft,
one of the oil passages serves as part of the first oil passage configured to supply the oil pressure to the one piston, and
the other oil passage serves as a lubricating oil passage configured to supply oil to lubricated portions of the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm.

4. The valve gear for the engine according to claim 3, wherein
the two oil passages in the rocker shaft are partitioned and formed by one oil hole formed in the rocker shaft and a plug member configured to close a middle portion of the oil hole.

Drawing