TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to performance fabrics, and in particular to a performance
fabrics having multiple fiber.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Sheeting fabrics require a number of different end-use properties to achieve widespread
market acceptance. Sheeting fabrics should be wrinkle resistant and/or have easy care
characteristics while having the requisite softness, durability, color retention,
and quick dry properties. Typical sheeting fabrics are formed primarily from cotton
fibers. Chemical finishes are often applied to cotton sheeting fabrics to attain the
desired wrinkle resistance/easy care attributes. Sheeting fabrics that comprise cotton
and polyester fibers may have improved wrinkle resistance due in part to the presence
of the polyester fibers in the structure. However, manufacturers still seek an adequate
balance of the end-use properties at a price the market will accept. Development within
such cost constraints in view of end-use requirements is difficult and not a predictable
endeavor.
SUMMARY
[0003] An embodiment of the present disclosure is a performance fabric. The performance
fabric includes a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction. The warp
yarn includes a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to
the first warp yarn. The plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each
of which has cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers. The performance fabric
includes a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to
define a woven fabric structure. The plurality of weft yarns include at least one
yarn comprising thermoplastic fibers.
[0004] Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a performance fabric. The performance
fabric includes a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction. The warp
yarns include a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to
the first warp yarn. The plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each
of which has cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers. The performance fabric
includes a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to
define a woven fabric structure. The plurality of weft yarns includes at least one
yarn comprising a blend of cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of illustrative
embodiments of the present application, will be better understood when read in conjunction
with the appended drawings. For the purposes of illustrating the present application,
there is shown in the drawings illustrative embodiments of the disclosure. It should
be understood, however, that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements
and instrumentalities shown.
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a woven fabric according to an embodiment of the present
disclosure;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the woven fabric taken along line 2-2 in Figure
1;
Figure 3 is a schematic view of a woven fabric according to another embodiment of
the present disclosure;
Figure 4 is a detailed view of the woven fabric in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the woven fabric taken along line 5-5 in Figure
1;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the woven fabric taken along line 6-6 in Figure
1;
Figure 7 is a sectional view of a woven fabric according to another embodiment of
the present disclosure;
Figure 8 is another sectional view of the woven fabric shown in Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a sectional view of a woven fabric according to another embodiment of
the present disclosure;
Figure 10 is another sectional view of the woven fabric shown in Figure 9; and
Figure 11 is a schematic view of a woven fabric according to an embodiment of the
present disclosure;
Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the woven fabric taken along line 12-12 in
Figure 11; and
Figure 13 a process flow diagram for manufacturing the sheeting fabric according to
an embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS
[0006] Embodiments of the present disclosure also include flat woven fabrics that includes
at least three fiber types to achieve desirable end-use properties. In various embodiments
of the present disclosure, the woven fabric includes cotton fibers, regenerated cellulosic
fibers, and/or various types of thermoplastic fibers, such as thermoplastic staple
fibers or thermoplastic filaments. The cotton fibers provide a natural hand-feel and
improved comfort. The regenerated cellulosic fibers (e.g. viscose rayon, lyocell,
modal, and the line) enhance softness, luster, and brilliance to woven fabric. The
thermoplastic fibers add strength, wrinkle resistance, and quick dry properties. The
fiber combinations described herein may be implemented in a flat woven fabric or a
terry woven fabric using a number of different yarn configurations.
[0007] The woven fabrics as described herein are suitable for home textile applications.
Accordingly, the fabrics can be formed into one or more different bedding articles,
such as a flat sheet, a fitted sheet, a pillow case, a sham, a comforter, a duvet,
a bed-skirt, coverlet and/or a blanket. The fabrics can be formed into one or more
different bath articles, such as a towels, hand towels, wash clothes, bath matts,
bath robes, and the like.
[0008] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present disclosure is a flat woven
fabric 10 includes a warp component having warp yarns 20, and a weft component including
weft yarns 40 that are interwoven with the warp yarns 20 to define the woven fabric.
The weft yarns 40 may be referred to as fill or pick yarns. The warp yarns 20 extends
along a warp direction 4 and includes first warp yarn 20a, a second warp yarn 20b,
a third warp yarn 20c and a fourth warp yarn 20d, etc.. The weft yarns 40 extend along
a weft or fill direction 6 that is perpendicular to the warp direction 4. The weft
yarns 40 include a first weft yarn 40a, a second warp yarn 40b, a third weft yarn
40c and a fourth weft yarn 40d, etc. The woven fabric 10 includes a face 12 and back
14 opposite the face 12 along a thickness direction 8 that is perpendicular to the
warp direction 4 and the weft direction 6. The warp yarns 20 are primarily blended
spun yarns that include cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers. The weft
yarns 40, however, may have a number of different yarn structures and arrangements,
all of which include a form of thermoplastic fibers, such as polyester staple fibers
or polyester continuous filaments, as will be described further below.
[0009] Continuing with Figures 1 and 2, the woven fabric 10 includes weft yarns 40a-40b
each of which extend along the weft insertion path 19. The weft insertion path 19
is shown in dashed lines in figure 1. As used herein, the weft insertion path 19 extends
along the weft direction 4 around the warp yarns 20 across an entirety of the width
of the woven fabric 10. As illustrated, the weft insertion path extends under (with
respect to the sheet) warp 20a, over warp yarn 20b, under warp yarn 20c, and over
warp yarn 20d. A person of skill in the art will appreciated that the weft insertion
path 19 varies from one woven design to another woven design.
[0010] The woven fabric 10 as described herein may be defined by a number of different woven
structures having a woven design repeat 18. As used herein, a woven design repeat
18 includes at least a first warp yarn 20a, a second warp yarn 20b, and at least one
weft yarn 40. For example, a plain weave fabric has a woven design repeat that includes
two adjacent warp yarns 20a, 20b and two adjacent weft yarns 40a, 40b. Depending on
the particular design, woven design repeats may repeat along: a) the weft direction
4; b) the warp direction 6; or both the weft direction 4 and warp directions 6. However,
the design of the woven fabric 10 is not limited to a plain weave. For example, the
woven fabric can have a number of exemplary woven structures including, but are not
limited to: plain weaves; basket weaves, rib weaves (e.g. 2x1 rib weave; 2x2 rib weave;
or 3x1 rib weave) twill weaves; oxford weaves; percale weaves, satin weaves (e.g.
satin dobby base, satin stripe satin 5/1, satin 4/1 satin; 4/1 satin base strip; 4/1
stain swiss dot; 4/1 down jacquard;5/1 satins), or sateen weaves. In one example,
the woven fabric is a plain weave. In another example, the woven fabric is a basket
weave. In another example, the woven fabric is a rib weave. In another example, the
woven fabric is a twill. In another example, the woven fabric is an oxford weave.
In another example, the woven fabric is a satin weave as shown in Figures 3-6. Furthermore,
a number of exemplary satin constructions are possible. For instance, in one satin
weave example, the woven fabric is a 4/1 satin. In another example, the woven fabric
is a 4/1 satin dobby diamond weave. In another example, the woven fabric is a 4/1
satin dobby stripe. In yet another example, the woven fabric is a 4/1 satin jacquard
weave. In another example, the woven fabric is a 5/1 satin. In still another example,
the woven fabric may be a 6/1 satin. In another example, the woven fabric is a 7/1
satin. In yet another example, the woven fabric is a 8/1 satin. In another example,
the woven fabric is a 9/1 satin. In another example, the woven fabric is a 10/1 satin.
[0011] Each of the woven fabrics described herein include warp yarns 20 that are blended
staple yarns. The warp yarns may therefore be referred as blended staple yarns formed
from staple length fibers arranged in a twisted assembly using typical short staple
yarn spinning systems as further described below. The blended staple yarns that include
cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers Any type of cotton fiber that is suitable
for staple yarn manufacture may be used, such a Pima and/or Egyptian cotton fibers.
Regenerated cellulosic fibers include rayon fibers in staple form and/or filament
form. Rayon is considered a manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose,
as well as manufactured fibers composed of regenerated cellulose in which substituents
have replaced not more than 15% of the hydrogens of the hydroxyl groups. A lyocell
fiber is where the fiber is composed of cellulose precipitated from an organic solution
in which no substitution of the hydroxyl groups takes place and no chemical intermediates
are formed. Modal is a modified rayon fiber that has high tenacity and high wet modulus.
Modal fibers are dimensionally stable and do not shrink or get pulled out of shape
when wet like. Modal fibers are also wear resistant and strong while maintaining a
soft, silky feel.
[0012] The blended warp yarns 20 may have range of cotton and cellulosic fiber content.
The blended warp yarns may include between about 20% to about 80% by weight (of the
yarn) of the cotton fibers and also between about 20% to about 80% by weight of the
cellulosic synthetic fibers. In one example, the blended warp yarns have about 25%
to about 45% by weight of the cotton fibers and about 55% to about 75% by weight of
the cellulosic synthetic fibers. In yet another example, the blended warp yarns preferably
have about 40% by weight of the cotton fibers and 60 % by weight of the cellulosic
synthetic fibers. In yet another example, the blended warp yarns preferably have about
30% to by weight of the cotton fibers and 70 % by weight of the cellulosic synthetic
fibers. It should be understood that the amount of cellulosic fiber content specified
above include viscose rayon fibers, model fibers, and/or lyocell fiber.
[0013] The blended warp yarns 20 may have a range of linear densities that are suitable
for bedding applications. For example, the blended warp yarn 20 can have a count between
20 Ne (266 denier) and about 120 Ne (44.3 denier). In one example, the warp yarn count
is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 100 Ne (53.1 denier). In another example,
the warp yarn count is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 60 Ne (88.6 denier). In
another example, the warp yarn count is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 40 Ne
(133 denier). In yet another example, the warp yarn count is 20 Ne (266 denier) and
about 30 Ne (177 denier).
[0014] The blended warp yarns 20 may be single end yarns or plied yarns. For instance, the
blended warp yarns may be plied yarn, such as a two ply yarn or a three-ply yarn.
For plied yarns, at least one of the ends in the plied yarn is a blended yarn comprising
cotton fiber and regenerated cellulosic fibers. However, each one of the yarns in
the plied yarn structure is blended yarn that includes cotton fibers and regenerated
cellulosic fibers.
[0015] The blended warp yarns may be any type of spun staple yarn structure. For example,
the blended warp yarns may be ring spun yarns, open end yarns, rotor spun yarns, vortex
spun yarns, core spun yarns, jet spun yarns, or compact spun yarns. Preferably, the
blended warp yarns are ring spun yarns. The blended warp yarn can, however, be any
type of spun yarn structure.
[0016] The woven fabrics as described herein may utilize number of different techniques
to alter the overall thread count and vary the fiber blend. For instance, the woven
fabric 10 as shown in Figures 1 and 2 may be forming to include single-end pick insertion.
Alternatively, as illustrated in Figures 3-8, the woven fabrics of the present disclosure
may be formed utilizing co-insertion techniques to insert multiple weft yarns along
a weft insertion path 19 in a single weft insertion event during weaving. "Co-insertion"
is weaving technique where multiple pick or weft yams are inserted into the warp shed
at one time during weaving. In co-insertion, for example, two pick yarns supplied
from two different yarn packages are inserted at one time through the shed during
weaving. Co-insertion may also include inserting three or more yarns supplied from
the three or more different yarn packages into the shed during weaving. Alternatively,
co-insertion may also include inserting two or more yarns supplied from a single yarn
package into the shed in a single pick insertion event during weaving. Accordingly,
each weft yarn group can have between one weft yarn (see Figures 1-2) and four (or
more) weft yarns (see Figures 3-8) inserted during a single insertion event and that
extend along weft insertion path 19. By inserting groups of multiple weft yarns into
the shed during a weft insertion event, it is possible to attain increased weft (or
pick or fill) densities and therefore higher thread counts. Thus, the woven fabrics
as described herein may be constructed to have higher weft yarn densities than what
is otherwise possible, and thus higher thread counts, yet the woven fabric exhibits
desirable fabric quality, softness, hand, and drape suitable for bedding applications.
The thread count of the woven fabrics made in accordance with present disclosure are
typically greater than about 200 and can be as high as about 1400 (or even higher).
The thread count as used herein is the total number of yarns in square inch of fabric.
The thread count is determined by counting the total number of yarn ends along a given
length of fabric. In other words, plied yarns are considered one yarn for the purpose
of determining thread count.
[0017] The warp yarns and weft yarns in the fabrics described herein are arranged to achieve
desired warp and weft end densities, respectively, and thus desired thread count,
for bedding applications. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure,
the woven fabric has a warp end density between about 50 warp ends per inch and about
350 warp ends per inch. In one example, the warp end density is between about 50 and
150 warp ends per inch. In another example, the warp end density is between about
150 and 450 warp ends per inch. In another example, the warp end density is between
about 450 and 350 warp ends per inch. Furthermore, the weft yarns are arranged to
define a weft end density between about 50 weft yarns per inch and about 700 weft
yarns per inch (or more). In one example, the weft yarn density is between about 100
and about 700 weft yarns per inch. In one example, the weft yarn density is between
about 100 and about 300 weft yarns per inch. In another example, the weft yarn density
is between about 300 and about 500 weft yarns per inch. In another example, the weft
yarn density is between about 500 and about 700 weft yarns per inch. The weft yarn
density has used herein refers to the total number of separate weft yarns along a
length of the woven fabric. For example, a weft yarn density of about 50 picks per
inch refers the 50 total weft yarns per inch of woven fabric. If the weft yarn groups
are inserted during a single weft insertion event and each weft yarn group includes
three (3) weft yarns, then there would be about 16 total weft yarn groups per inch
of fabric and 48 picks per inch.
[0018] The woven fabrics 10, 210,310, and 510 as described herein have a number of different
weft yarn constructions and arrangements to achieve the desired fabric fiber blend.
For example, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the weft yarns 40 are single end weft yarns.
In one example, the weft yarn may be a continuous filament yarn. In another example,
the weft yarns include a combination of a spun staple yarn and a continuous filament
yarn. In another example, the weft yarns may be blended spun yarns that include thermoplastic
fibers and either cotton fibers or cellulosic synthetic fibers. The variants of possible
weft yarns are described next.
[0019] Referring to Figures 3-6, a woven fabric 110 includes warp yarns 20 and a plurality
of weft yarn groups 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d...14
0n.. The warp yarns 20 shown in Figures 3-6 are the same as the warp yarns described
above with respect to the woven fabric 10 and shown in Figures 1-3. The woven fabric
110 shown in Figures 3-6 includes also a woven design repeat 18 that is similar to
the woven design repeat 18 shown in Figures 1-2 and described above. Furthermore,
the woven design repeat 18 for fabric 110 includes a first warp yarn 20a and a second
warp yarn 20b. Each warp yarn 20a-20d has a first side portion 22 and a second side
portion 24. In the embodiment shown in Figures 3-6, each weft yarn group 140a-140d
includes at least one yarn 145a-145d, for example a plurality of yarns 145a-145d,
inserted through a warp shed during a single weft insertion event to further increase
the weft count.
[0020] As shown in Figures 3-6, in each weft yarn group 140a-140d, the separate weft yarns
145a-145d are substantially parallel with respect to each other and are grouped together
as they extend along the weft insertion path 19 through the woven fabric 110. The
weft yarns 145a-145d are configured as continuous filament yarns. The continuous filament
weft yams in fabric 110 include filament yarns formed from a number of different polymer
types. For instance, the filament yarns may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET
or polyester) filaments, polylactic acid (PLA) filaments, polypropylene (PP) filaments,
and/or polyamide filaments. Preferably, the continuous filament yarns are polyester
filament yarns.
[0021] The continuous filament weft yarns 145a-145d for fabric 110 may have a range of linear
densities suitable for bedding applications. For instance, the continuous filament
weft yarns have a linear density between 15 denier (354.3 Ne) to about 150 denier
(55.4 Ne). In one example, the continuous filament weft has a count between 20 denier
to about 150 denier. In one example, the continuous filament weft has a count between
25 denier to about 150 denier. In one example, the continuous filament weft has a
count between 30 denier to about 150 denier. In one example, the continuous filament
weft has linear density between 40 denier to about 150 denier. In one example, the
continuous filament weft has linear density between 50 denier to about 150 denier.
In one example, the continuous filament weft has linear density between 75 denier
to about 150 denier. In one example, the continuous filament weft has linear density
between 80 denier to about 150 denier. In one example, the continuous filament weft
has linear density between 100 denier to about 150 denier. Preferably, the continuous
filament yarns have a linear density between 50 denier and 100 denier. However, ranges
outside of and within the stated ranges are possible.
[0022] The continuous filament weft yarns 145a-145d in fabric 110 may be single end yarns
or plied yarns. For instance, the continuous filament weft yarns may be plied yarn,
such as a two ply yarn or a three-ply yarn. For plied yarns, at least one of the ends
in the plied yarn is a continuous filament weft yarns comprising synthetic filaments.
However, each one of the yarns in the plied yarn structure comprising synthetic filaments.
[0023] As shown in Figures 3-6, the woven fabric 110 may be formed using pick co-insertion
whereby a multiple ends of filament yarns 145a-145d are grouped together and extend
through the woven fabric along the weft insertion path 19. In one example, the woven
fabric 110 may include one continuous filament yarn (as in Figure 1-3) up to four
continuous filament yarn (or more, such as five or even six continuous filament yarns)
with each continuous filament yarn having a denier between 15 denier and 150 denier.
In one example, the woven fabric 10 may include one continuous filament yarns with
each yarn having a denier between 15 denier and 150 denier. In one example, the woven
fabric 10 may include groups of two continuous filament yarns with each yarn having
a denier between 15 denier and 150 denier. In another example, the woven fabric 10
may include groups of three continuous filament yarns with each yarn having a denier
between 15 denier and 150 denier. In another example, the woven fabric 10 may include
groups of four continuous filament yarns with each yarn having a denier between 15
denier and 150 denier. In another example, the woven fabric 10 may include groups
of five continuous filament yarns with each yarn having a denier between 15 denier
and 150 denier. In another example, the woven fabric 10 may include groups of six
continuous filament yarns with each yarn having a denier between 15 denier and 150
deniers.
[0024] Another embodiment shown in Figures 7-8 is another sateen woven fabric 210 is formed
from blended warp yarns 20 and a plurality of weft yarns arranged in weft yarn groups
240a. Figures 7-8 are sectional views of the woven fabric 210. It should be appreciated
that a plan view of the woven fabric 210 is similar to the view illustrated in Figure
3. As shown in Figures 7-8, each weft yarn group 240a-240d includes multiple separate
weft yarns 245a, 245b, 245c, 245d..245
n that are substantially parallel with respect to each other and are grouped together
as they extend along the weft insertion path 19 through the woven fabric 310. In the
embodiment shown in Figures 7-8, each weft yarn groups 240a-240d include two different
yarns. As illustrated, the weft yarn groups 240a-240d may include a first yarn type
configured as a spun yarn 245a and a second yarn type that is a continuous filament
yarn 245b-245d.
[0025] Continuing with Figures 7 and 8, the spun yarn 245a is a staple yarn structure and
is referred to as a spun weft yarn 245a. The spun weft yarn 245a may be a blended
spun yarn that includes cotton fibers and cellulosic synthetic fibers (as described
above) or a blended spun yarn comprising cotton fibers and thermoplastic fibers. The
thermoplastic fibers are preferably polyester fibers. However, other thermoplastic
fibers can be used. Furthermore, the spun weft yarn may comprise exclusively cotton
fibers.
[0026] The spun weft yarn 245a may be any type of spun staple yarn structure. For example,
the second weft yarn may be ring spun yarns, open end yarns, rotor spun yarns, vortex
spun yarns, core spun yarns, jet spun yarns, or compact spun yarns. Preferably, the
spun weft yarns 245a are ring spun yarns. The spun weft yarns 245a can, however, be
any type of spun yarn structure. The spun weft yarn 245a may have a range of linear
densities that are suitable for bedding applications. For example, the spun weft yarn
245a can have a count between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 120 Ne (44.3 denier). In
one example, the spun weft yarn count is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 100
Ne (53.1 denier). In another example, the spun weft yarn count is between 20 Ne (266
denier) and about 60 Ne (88.6 denier). In another example, the spun weft yarn count
is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 40 Ne (133 denier). In yet another example,
the spun weft yarn count is 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 30 Ne (177 denier). The spun
weft yarns may be single end yarns or plied yarns. For instance, the spun weft yarns
may be plied yarns, such as two ply yarns or a three-ply yarns.
[0027] In the woven fabric 210, the second weft yarn type within the weft yarn groups 240a-240d
are continuous filament yarns 245b-245d. The continuous filament weft yarns 245b-245d
may be formed from polyester filaments. However, other filament types are possible.
Each continuous filament yarn 245b-245d may have a linear density between 15 denier
and 150 denier.
[0028] In accordance with such an embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8, the woven fabric
210 may include groups of a) one spun yarn and b) between one continuous filament
yarn up to four continuous filament yarns (or more) with each continuous filament
yarn having a denier between 15 denier and 150 denier. In one example, the woven fabric
210 may include groups of a) one spun yarn and b) two continuous filament yarns with
each continuous filament yarn having a denier between 15 denier and 150 denier. In
one example, the woven fabric 210 may include groups of a) one spun yarn and b) three
continuous filament yarns with each continuous filament yarn having a denier between
15 denier and 150 denier. In one example, the woven fabric 210 may include groups
of a) one spun yarn and b) four continuous filament yarns with each continuous filament
yarn having a denier between 15 denier and 150 denier.
[0029] Another embodiment shown in Figures 9-10 is a sateen woven fabric 310 is formed from
blended warp yarns 20 and a plurality of weft yarns arranged in weft yarn groups 340a-340d.
Figures 9-10 are sectional views of the woven fabric 310. It should be appreciated
that a plan view of the woven fabric 310 is similar to the view illustrated in Figure
3. As shown in Figures 9-10, each weft yarn group 340a-340d includes multiple separate
weft yarns 345a, 345b, 345c, 345d..345
n that are substantially parallel with respect to each other and are grouped together
as they extend along the weft insertion path 19 through the woven fabric 310. In the
embodiment as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the blended spun yarns 345a-345d are a blend
of cotton fibers and thermoplastic fibers or a blend of thermoplastic fibers and cellulosic
synthetic fibers. The thermoplastic fibers are preferably polyester fibers. However,
other thermoplastic fibers can be used.
[0030] The blended weft yarns 345a-345d may be any type of spun staple yarn structure. For
example, the blended weft yarns may be ring spun yarns, open end yarns, rotor spun
yarns, vortex spun yarns, core spun yarns, jet spun yarns, or compact spun yarns.
Preferably, the blended spun weft yarns are ring spun yarns. The blended spun weft
yarns 345a-345d can, however, be any type of spun yarn structure. The blended spun
weft yarns 345a-345d may have a range of linear densities that are suitable for bedding
applications. For example, the blended spun weft yarns can have a count between 20
Ne (266 denier) and about 120 Ne (44.3 denier). In one example, the blended spun weft
yarn count is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 100 Ne (53.1 denier). In another
example, the blended spun weft yarn count is between 20 Ne (266 denier) and about
60 Ne (88.6 denier). In another example, the blended spun weft yarn count is between
20 Ne (266 denier) and about 40 Ne (133 denier). In yet another example, the blended
spun weft yarn count is 20 Ne (266 denier) and about 30 Ne (177 denier). The blended
spun weft yarn may be single end yarns or plied yarns. For instance, the blended spun
weft yarns may be plied yarns, such as two ply yarns or a three-ply yarns.
[0031] An alternative embodiment of the present disclosure is terry fabric 510 as shown
in Figures 11 and 12. The terry woven fabric 510 includes a ground component 530 that
includes warp yarns 520 and weft yarns 540 interwoven with the warp yarns 520. The
terry woven fabric 510 also includes one or more pile components 550a, 550b. The ground
component 530 includes a first side 532 and a second side 534 opposite the first side.
The pile component 550a and 550b extend away from opposite sides 532 and 534 of the
ground component 130 along a thickness direction 8. The warp yarns 120 extend along
a warp direction 4, which is perpendicular to the weft direction 6 and the thickness
direction 9. The weft yarns 540 extend along a weft or fill direction 6 that is perpendicular
to the warp direction 4. The woven fabric 510 includes a face 12, and back 14 opposite
the face 12 along a thickness direction 8 that is perpendicular to the warp direction
4 and the weft direction 6. The terminal ends of the pile components 550a and 550b
can define the face 12 and back 14 of the woven fabric 510. The piles have a pile
height H that extends from the ground component to the terminal ends of the piles.
[0032] As illustrated in Figure 2A-2B, the terry woven fabric 510 includes a first pile
component 550a and a second pile component 550b. However, the terry fabric may include
only the one pile component. Each pile component 550a, 550b includes a plurality of
piles 552a, 552b that project in a direction away from the ground component 530. The
piles 552a, 552b are defined by pile yarns 554a, 554b interwoven with the ground component
530. The terry woven fabric 510 can be formed using any of the hygro yarn configurations
described in the present disclosure. In one example, the pile yarns 554a, 554b may
include the plied hygro yarns 80. Furthermore, one or both of the warp yarns 520 and
the weft yarns 540 may include the plied hygro yarns 80. In another example, however,
the pile yarns 554a, 554b may include the blended hygro yarn 80. In such an example,
one or both of the warp yarns 520 and the weft yarns 540 may include the blended hygro
yarn 80. The terry woven fabrics 510 may be converted bath and/or kitchen products,
such as towel articles. Terry articles include a towel, a hand towel, a wash cloth,
a bath robe, a rug, a kitchen towel, and the like.
[0033] The terry fabric 510 may include a plurality of yarns as described above. For instance,
the warp yarns 530 are blended staple warp yarns each of which has cotton fibers and
regenerated cellulosic fibers. The weft yarns and/or the pile yarns may include at
least one yarn comprising thermoplastic fibers. In another example, the weft yarns
and/or the pile yarns may include at least one yarn comprising a blend of cotton fibers
and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
[0034] Turning to Figure 13, a method of making woven fabric 10, 210, 310, 510 includes
yarn formation 410 for the warp yarns 20 and weft yarns 40. Yarn formation 410 for
the warp yarns can include staple yarn formation or spinning 412 and filament yarn
formation 414 (where applicable). Staple yarn formation 412 may utilize any number
of yarn formation systems and sub-systems. For instance, staple yarn formation may
include bale opening, carding, optionally combing, drafting, roving, and yarn spinning
(yarn spinning processes are not illustrated) to the desired count and twist level.
In some cases, the warp yarns can be plied into 2-ply, 3-ply, or 4-ply configurations.
After yarn spinning, the warp yarns are wound into the desired yarn packages for warping
420. In one example, ring spinning is the preferred spinning system. However, the
warp yarns can be formed using open end spinning systems, rotor spun spinning systems,
vortex spinning systems, core spinning yarns, jet spinning yarns, or compact spinning
systems.
[0035] Following weft yarn spinning, a weft yarn may be prepared in winding 416 operation.
Winding 416 may include use of a yarn winding apparatus (not shown) configured to
wind separate yarns onto a multiple yarn packages.
[0036] Warping 420 follows the yarn formation 410 for woven and terry fabrics. Warping 420
is where warp yarn ends are removed from their respective yarn packages, arranged
in a parallel form, and wound onto a warp beam. Warping 420 also includes a sizing
step where a sizing agent is applied to each warp yarn to aid in fabric formation.
Warping 420 results in a warp beam of warp yarns prepared for weaving. The warp beam
can be positioned on a mounting arm of a weaving loom so that the warp yarns can be
drawn through the loom components, as further described below. Terry fabric production
may include pile warp beam as in known in the art.
[0037] Continuing with Figure 13, after warping 420, weaving 440 operation forms a woven
fabric with a weaving loom. More specifically, in weaving 440, the warp yarns are
drawn-in (not shown) through various components of a weaving loom, such as drop wires,
heddle eyes attached to a respective harness, reed and reed dents, in a designated
order as is known in the art. After drawing-in is complete, fabric formation phase
can begin.
[0038] During the formation phase of the weaving 440, the weft yarns 40, 140, 240, 240 are
woven with the warp yarns 20 to define the desired woven construction. The formation
phase creates shed with the warp yarns 20 that the weft yarns can be inserted through
across the width direction of the machine to create the desired woven fabric construction.
For instance, shedding motions can include cam shedding, dobby shedding, or jacquard
shedding motions, each of which can cause the selective raising and lowering of warp
ends to create an open shed for weft insertion. The formation phase can utilize different
weft insertion techniques, includes air-jet, rapier, or projectile type weft insertion
techniques. In each weft insertion event, yarns are inserted through the shed. For
instance, the weaving step can utilize a co-insertion so that multiple groups of weft
yarn inserted through the shed during a single weft insertion event, as described
above. The weaving step 440 can further include weaving one or more selvedge edges
along a length L of the woven fabric. It should be appreciated that various woven
constructions can made during weaving 440, including, but not limited to: plain weaves;
basket weaves, satins; rib weaves; twill weaves, oxford weaves; percale weaves; and
sateens.
[0039] After weaving 440, the woven fabric passes through desizing and bleaching 450. Desizing
may be accomplished with enzymes as is known in the art. Bleaching may include typical
bleaching agents, such as hydrogen peroxide.
[0040] After desizing and bleaching, coloring agents are applied to the woven fabric in
dyeing operation 460. In accordance with the embodiment illustrated, the dyeing operation
460 applies color to any yarns, including any undyed continuous filament yarn and/or
spun yarns, depending on the specific woven fabric construction. The dyeing operation
is carried out in such way that coloring agents that are applied to the cotton fibers
and or regenerated cellulosic fibers and/or the continuous filament yarns as the case
may be. The dyeing operation may include sub operations depending on the fiber blends
in the fabric. For instance, woven fabrics that include cotton fibers may involve
application of reactive dyes. Woven fabrics that include continuous polyester filaments
or staple length polyester fibers may include application of disperse dyes as is known
persons of skill in the art.
[0041] Continuing with Figure 13, after the dyeing operation 460, the woven fabric may be
subjected to an optional finishing 470 operation. The optional fabric finishing 470
operation applies a composition including one or more of the functional agents to
the woven fabric. The one or more functional agents may be, for example, a softener.
Finishing includes a drying phase that is used to remove excess moisture from the
woven fabric and the composition. After drying, the woven fabric may be optionally
sanforized and calendared to adjust the hand and better control shrinkage.
[0042] After finishing 470, the fabrics may be assembled 480 into various textile articles.
Article assembly 480 may include material handling a roll goods to present to cutting,
hemming, and or folding machines that are used to prepare the articles. In one example,
article assembly 480 includes cutting a panel of woven fabric to the appropriate length
and width dimensions for the intended articles, such as the flat sheet or pillow case.
The outer edges of the panel may be hemmed or surged to create finished edge. Secondary
components can be attached to the panel at this stage. For example, ribbing, block
hems, or binding can be sewn or otherwise attached to the panel. For fitted sheets,
elastic materials are secured the at least the corner regions along the edge of the
panel. For comforters, the fabrics can be cut to size and combined with desired batting
or fill (e.g. fiber, feather, etc.). Accordingly, article assembly 480 includes forming
one or more bedding articles of a bedding system. The bedding articles include at
least one of a flat sheet, a fitted sheet, a pillow case, a sham, a comforter, a duvet,
a bed-skirt, coverlet and a blanket.
[0043] After the assembling step, a packaging step 490 places the bedding article in suitable
packaging for shipment. The packaging 490 may include automatically folding the formed
articles, which are in panel form, into a folded configuration. The folded article
is then placed in an outer package for shipment.
[0044] While the disclosure is described herein using a limited number of embodiments, these
specific embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure as otherwise
described and claimed herein. The precise arrangement of various elements and order
of the steps of articles and methods described herein are not to be considered limiting.
For instance, although the steps of the methods are described with reference to sequential
series of reference signs and progression of the blocks in the figures, the method
can be implemented in a particular order as desired.
1. A performance fabric, comprising:
a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction, the warp yarn including
a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp
yarn, wherein the plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each of which
has cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers;
a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to define a
woven fabric structure,
wherein the plurality of weft yarns including at least one yarn comprising thermoplastic
fibers.
2. The performance fabric of claim 1, wherein the fabric structure has a thread count
from about 200 to about 1400.
3. The performance fabric of claim 1, wherein the plurality of weft yarns are arranged
in weft yarn groups, wherein adjacent weft yarn groups each have a fill insertion
path that extends over the first warp yarn and under the second warp yarn that is
directly adjacent to the first warp yarn, each weft yarn group including the at least
one yarn comprising thermoplastic fibers.
4. The performance fabric of claim 1, wherein the blended staple warp yarn has between
20% to about 80% by weight of the cotton fibers.
5. The performance fabric of claim 4, wherein the blended staple warp yarn has between
20% to about 80% by weight of the regenerated cellulosic fibers.
6. The performance fabric of claim 4, wherein the blended staple warp yarn has between
25% to about 45% by weight of the cotton fibers, and between 55% to about 75% by weight
of the regenerated cellulosic fibers.
7. The performance woven sheeting fabric of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the blended
staple warp yarn has a count from 30 Ne to about 120 Ne.
8. The performance fabric of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic fibers are continuous
filaments, and the at least one yarn of the weft yarns is at least one continuous
filament yarn.
9. The performance fabric of claim 8, wherein the at least one continuous filament is
a polyester filament yarn.
10. The performance fabric of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic fibers are continuous
filaments, and the at least one yarn of the weft yarns is at least one continuous
filament yarn and at least one spun staple yarn.
11. The performance fabric of claim 10, wherein the at least one spun staple yarn is a
spun staple yarn of cotton fibers.
12. The performance fabric of claim 10, wherein the at least one spun staple yarn is a
blended staple yarn of cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
13. The performance fabric of claim 10, wherein the at least one spun staple yarn is a
blended staple yarn of cotton fibers and polyester staple fibers.
14. The performance fabric of claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic fibers are thermoplastic
staple fibers, and wherein the at least one yarn in the weft yarns is at least one
blended staple yarn that includes a) the thermoplastic staple fibers and b) either
cotton fibers or regenerated cellulosic fibers.
15. The performance fabric of claim 14, wherein the thermoplastic staple fibers in the
weft yarns are polyester staple fibers.
16. The performance fabric of claim 14, wherein the at least one blended staple yarn includes
polyester staple fibers and cotton fibers.
17. The performance fabric of claim 14, wherein the at least one blended staple yarn includes
polyester staple fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
18. A performance fabric, comprising:
a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction, the warp yarn including
a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp
yarn, wherein the plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each of which
has cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers;
a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to define a
woven fabric structure,
wherein the plurality of weft yarns including at least one yarn comprising a blend
of cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
19. The performance fabric of claim 18, wherein the fabric structure has a thread count
from about 200 to about 1400.
20. The performance fabric of claim 18, wherein the plurality of weft yarns are arranged
in weft yarn groups, wherein adjacent weft yarn groups each have a fill insertion
path that extends over the first warp yarn and under the second warp yarn that is
directly adjacent to the first warp yarn, each weft yarn group including the at least
one yarn comprising a blend of cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
21. The performance fabric of claim 18, wherein the blended staple warp yarn has between
20% to about 80% by weight of the cotton fibers.
22. The performance fabric of claim 21, wherein the blended staple warp yarn has between
20% to about 80% by weight of the regenerated cellulosic fibers.
23. The performance fabric of claim 21, wherein the blended staple warp yarn has between
25% to about 45% by weight of the cotton fibers, and between 55% to about 75% by weight
of the regenerated cellulosic fibers.
24. The performance woven sheeting fabric of any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein the blended
staple warp yarn has a count from 30 Ne to about 120 Ne.
25. A performance fabric, comprising:
a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction, the warp yarn including
a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp
yarn, wherein the plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each of which
has cotton fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers;
a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to define a
woven fabric structure,
wherein the plurality of weft yarns are arranged in weft yarn groups, wherein adjacent
weft yarn groups each have a fill insertion path that extends over the first warp
yarn and under the second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp yarn,
each weft yarn group including at least one yarn comprising a blend of cotton fibers
and regenerated cellulosic fibers.
26. A performance fabric, comprising:
a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction, the warp yarn including
a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp
yarn, wherein the plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each of which
has cotton staple fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers;
a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to define a
woven fabric structure having a thread count from about 200 to about 1400; and
wherein the plurality of weft yarns are arranged in weft yarn groups, wherein adjacent
weft yarn groups each have a fill insertion path that extends over the first warp
yarn and under the second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp yarn,
each weft yarn group including at least continuous filament polyester yarn.
27. A performance fabric, comprising:
a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction, the warp yarn including
a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp
yarn, wherein the plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each of which
has cotton staple fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers;
a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to define a
woven fabric structure having a thread count from about 200 to about 1400; and
wherein the plurality of weft yarns are arranged in weft yarn groups, wherein adjacent
weft yarn groups each have a fill insertion path that extends over the first warp
yarn and under the second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp yarn,
each weft yarn group including a) at least one spun staple yarn and b) at least one
continuous filament polyester yarn.
28. A performance fabric, comprising:
a plurality of warp yarns extending along a warp direction, the warp yarn including
a first warp yarn and a second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp
yarn, wherein the plurality of warp yarns are blended staple warp yarns each of which
has cotton staple fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers;
a plurality of weft yarns interwoven with the plurality of warp yarns to define a
woven fabric structure having a thread count from about 200 to about 1400; and
wherein the plurality of weft yarns are arranged in weft yarn groups, wherein adjacent
weft yarn groups each have a fill insertion path that extends over the first warp
yarn and under the second warp yarn that is directly adjacent to the first warp yarn,
each weft yarn group including at least one spun staple yarns comprising either a)
a blend of thermoplastic fibers and cotton fibers, or b) a blend of thermoplastic
fibers and regenerated cellulosic fibers.