METHOD FOR FORMING A REINFORCED PILE AND USE OF AN ACCESSORY THEREIN

Description

Field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for forming a reinforced pile and to the use of an accessory in such a method.

Background

[0002] It is known to place a pile wall wherein a row of intersecting piles are drilled. The piles can be provided here with a reinforcement. Each second pile can for instance thus be reinforced with a cage reinforcement. According to existing techniques, this cage reinforcement is lowered into the fresh, not yet cured pile material, for instance concrete. Placing of this reinforcement into the fresh, not yet cured pile material is often problematic, with the result that the reinforcement does not descend into the pile.

[0003] In order to facilitate installing of the reinforcement in the pile it is known to modify the type of pile material, for instance the type of concrete. It is further known to mount a vibratory block on the reinforcement. For this latter solution the cage reinforcement has to be adapted and a power cable is required between the vibratory block and a power source. This hampers operations. Such a technique is known from FR 2 566 813 A1 which discloses a device for the creating of concrete foundation piles comprising a drill or the drilling of a tube in the ground. The device further comprises a vibrator for vibrating reinforcing bars in the wet concrete.

[0004] US 4,653,595 discloses a hammer and follow block chain remote release device and method. A chain is passed through the follow block and over horns on the hammer. A remote release device is connected to one end of the chain and an elongated link secured to the other end of the chain is engaged with the release device and a remotely actuated coupling member is pulled to release the connection between the chain and release device to permit separation of the follow block.

Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention has for its object to provide a method for forming a reinforced pile, wherein the reinforcement can be arranged in a simple and easy manner in the not yet cured pile material.

[0006] Embodiments of the invention provide for this purpose a method having the features of claim 1.

[0007] Arranging of the elongate reinforcement comprises:

• providing an accessory with a coupling part having diametrical dimensions smaller than those of the formed pile; wherein the mass of the accessory is greater than 0.5 ton, preferably greater than 1 ton;
• coupling an end of the elongate reinforcement to the coupling part;
• lifting the accessory such that the coupling part with the elongate reinforcement extends vertically downward; and
• lowering the elongate reinforcement vertically into the not yet cured pile material, wherein the mass of the accessory at least partially causes the lowering.

[0008] Making use of such a weighted accessory coupled to an end of the elongate reinforcement enables the reinforcement to be arranged in the not yet cured pile material without complex means being necessary. This solution is purely mechanical, and so easier to implement than the use of a vibratory block. The accessory is preferably provided with a support configured to be able to support on a support surface around the not yet cured pile material, wherein the lowering of the elongate reinforcement into the not yet cured pile material takes place until the support rests on the support surface around the not yet cured pile material. The support allows the reinforcement to be easily placed flush with a support surface, typically the upper surface of a guide beam (see below). In some cases however, the reinforcement has to be pushed deeper. A support is in this case not desirable. In another case it may be that the reinforcement must remain protruding from the pile material. A support can then be provided at a higher position of the accessory in order to facilitate placing of the reinforcement.

[0009] During the lowering of the elongate reinforcement the coupling part is preferably uncoupled from the reinforcement, wherein the uncoupled accessory does however also continue to sink downward, for instance until the support is located against the support surface. Once the elongate reinforcement has been fully lowered, the accessory can then be removed. This preferably takes place when the accessory is located at human height so that an operative adjacently of the drilling machine can uncouple the accessory without auxiliary means.

[0010] In an advantageous embodiment the coupling part is tubular and the outer end of the elongate reinforcement is arranged in the tubular coupling part. The coupling part can in this way also have a guiding and centering function when the outer end is arranged in the pile material.

[0011] In an advantageous embodiment the coupling of the outer end of the elongate reinforcement to the tubular coupling part takes place by arranging one or more pins through the tubular coupling part and the end of the elongate reinforcement placed therein, and the uncoupling of the coupling part and the reinforcement takes place by removing the one or more pins.

[0012] The difference between the diameter of the pile and the maximum diameter of the tubular coupling part is preferably less than 10 cm, still more preferably less than 5 cm, still more preferably less than 3 cm. The coupling part can thus be made for instance from a piece of drill casing. The diameter of the coupling part is then typically 1 to 2 cm smaller than the diameter of the pile that has just been drilled.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment a guide beam with a number of vertically oriented cylindrical openings partially overlapping each other is arranged prior to forming of the pile, wherein said pile is drilled through an opening thereof and wherein the support surface corresponds to the upper surface of the guide beam. The guide beam is for instance formed by arranging a curable material around one or more template elements, wherein the one or more template elements are removed in order to form the mutually overlapping cylindrical openings. It is known to drill a row of piles through a guide beam in order to form a pile wall. The template elements define cavities in the guide beam through which the drill for forming the piles is guided. Realized in a possible embodiment before placing of the one or more template elements is an excavation, typically a channel or trench, in which the one or more template elements are placed. The depth of the excavation is usually about equal to the height of the one or more template elements. The bottom of the excavation is preferably levelled and substantially flat. According to a variant a formwork is provided around the one or more template elements. Arranging of a curable material for the purpose of forming the guide beam preferably comprises of casting a concrete mixture. A concrete mixture comprises water, a binder (such as cement), granulate (such as sand and gravel) and optional fillers and/or additives. This can be concrete as well as lean concrete. According to another variant stabilized sand is arranged, this such that the stabilized sand becomes hard and allows the template element to be removed so that the hardened sand forms the guide beam.

[0014] The reinforcement is for instance a prefab reinforcement cage, but can also be a reinforcement braided on site.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the coupling part is provided on a first side of the support and on another second side of the support is provided at least one hoisting part to which a hoisting cable is coupled for the purpose of lifting the accessory.

[0016] According to a possible embodiment, forming of the pile comprises: loosening a pile-shaped column of soil by drilling; carrying the loosened soil upward, preferably in a casing tube and preferably by means of a screw, and discharging the loosened soil; and pumping concrete into the drilled-out column.

[0017] According to another possible embodiment, forming of the pile comprises of: loosening a pile-shaped column of soil by drilling, and injecting binder into the loosened soil.

[0018] According to an advantageous embodiment, the accessory is pressed vertically downward during the lowering of the elongate reinforcement into the not yet cured pile material. An external vertical force is then also exerted on the accessory in addition to the weight of the accessory.

[0019] Provided according to another aspect of the invention is the use of an accessory in a method according to any of the above described embodiments. Advantageous embodiments of the accessory are described in the appended claims.

Brief figure description

[0020] The above stated and other advantageous features and objectives of the invention will become apparent, and the invention better understood, on the basis of the following detailed description when read in combination with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figures 1A, 1B and 1C illustrate, with use of perspective views, successive steps of an embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Figure 2 shows a section along line II-II of figure 1C after the accessory has been brought into the lowest position in the pile;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an accessory useable in a method according to the invention; and

Figure 4 is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of an accessory useable in a method according to the invention.

Detailed embodiments

[0021] A first embodiment of the method according to the invention is illustrated in figures 1A-1C. According to this embodiment, a pile is formed by drilling into the ground wherein an elongate reinforcement 200 is arranged in the not yet cured pile material P. The successive steps of arranging the elongate reinforcement 200 are illustrated in figures IA, IB and 1C.

[0022] In a first step as illustrated in figure 1A a weighted accessory 100 is provided. Accessory 100 has a support 110 and a coupling part 120 on a first side of support 110. Coupling part 120 has diametrical dimensions (see also figure 2: diameter d_K) which are smaller than those of the formed pile (see also figure 2: diameter d_P of the pile). Support 110 has diametrical dimensions which are greater than those of the formed pile, see figure 2. As will be further explained, the support ensures that the accessory cannot also descend into the pile material. The skilled person will appreciate that support 110 need not be annular but can for instance also consist of a number of support elements protruding diametrically outward and arranged in regular distribution along the periphery of the accessory. The mass of accessory 100 is greater than 0.5 ton, preferably greater than 1 ton, still more preferably greater than 1.5 ton. This can be realized by providing a heavy material such as lead to manufacture at least a part of the accessory. Coupling part 120 is preferably tubular so that outer end 201 of elongate reinforcement 200 can be placed in the tubular coupling part 120. Another shape of coupling part 120 is also possible, see in particular the discussion below of figures 3 and 4. Reinforcement 200 is preferably a cage reinforcement 200, although the invention is equally applicable for other types of elongate reinforcements arrangeable along the length of a pile. It is for instance possible here to envisage a profile reinforcement such as a HEA-, HEB-, HEM-, IPE- or UPN-profile reinforcement.

[0023] In a second step an outer end 201 of elongate reinforcement 200 is coupled to coupling part 120. The result hereof is illustrated in figure IB. Coupling of outer end 201 of elongate reinforcement 200 in tubular coupling part 120 takes place for instance by arranging one or more pins 400 through tubular coupling part 120 and the outer end 201 of the elongate reinforcement 200 placed therein.

[0024] In a subsequent step a hoisting cable 500 is connected to accessory 100 and the accessory with the elongate reinforcement coupled thereto are is lifted upward such that the elongate reinforcement is carried from the horizontal position of figure IB to the vertical position of figure 1C, wherein coupling part 120 with elongate reinforcement 200 thus extends vertically downward. Accessory 100 can for this purpose be provided on another second side of support 110 with at least one hoisting part 140 by which accessory 100 is lifted upward.

[0025] Elongate reinforcement 200 can now be lowered vertically into the not yet cured pile material P, see the arrow in figure 1C. The weight of accessory 100 will at least partially cause the lowering here. When the reinforcement has been sufficiently lowered, reinforcement 200 can be uncoupled from coupling part 120 by removing pins 400. Accessory 100 is not yet removed however, and continues to press on reinforcement 200 as a result of the weight thereof. Accessory 100 with uncoupled reinforcement 200 is then lowered further into the not yet cured pile material P. Additional pressure can optionally be exerted during the lowering of elongate reinforcement 200 into the not yet cured pile material in order to press accessory 100 vertically downward, i.e. a further additional external vertical force can be exerted on accessory 100 in addition to the weight of the accessory 100 itself in order to press it downward.
Prior to forming of the pile a guide beam 300 can be arranged in the ground G with a number of vertically oriented cylindrical openings 320 partially overlapping each other, wherein said pile is drilled through an opening 320 thereof. In such an embodiment the upper surface 310 of guide beam 300 thus forms a support surface. Guide beam 300 can be formed by arranging a curable material (typically by casting concrete) around one or more template elements, wherein the one or more template elements are removed in order to form the mutually overlapping cylindrical openings 320. These template elements can for instance be placed in an excavated trench, wherein the trench forms a formwork for casting of concrete. According to another option, wooden panels are provided to form a formwork for casting of concrete.

[0026] Figure 2 shows a section along line II-II of the situation in which the reinforcement has descended completely into the not yet cured pile material and support 110 rests on support surface 310 of guide beam 300. Accessory 100 can now be removed, for instance using hoisting cable 500 coupled to hoisting part 140.

[0027] The difference between the diameter d_P of the pile and the maximum diameter d_K of tubular coupling part 120 is preferably less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm. Reinforcement 200 can in this way always be arranged more or less centred in the pile without additional measures being necessary. Coupling part 120 will after all then provide for a correct positioning of reinforcement 200.

[0028] According to a possible embodiment, forming of the pile comprises of: loosening a pile-shaped column of soil by drilling; carrying the loosened soil upward, preferably with a screw, and discharging the loosened soil; and pumping concrete into the drilled-out column. An example hereof is a classical secant pile wall.

[0029] According to another possible embodiment, forming of the pile comprises of: loosening a pile-shaped column of soil by drilling, and injecting binder into the loosened soil. An example hereof is a soil mix secant wall (wherein the soil itself is mixed with a binder during drilling).

[0030] A secant pile wall is a suitable wall for a pit excavation retaining wall. The wall, consisting of primary and secondary intersecting piles, then forms an underground soil-retaining and water-retaining screen. The piles can for instance have a diameter of between 35 and 200 cm, for instance 43 cm, 53 cm, 63 cm, 83 cm etc. The piles typically extend over a depth which is greater than 3 m, although the depth can also be much greater, up to about 40 m. The CVR C-mix® pile wall can serve as alternative to the classical secant pile wall.

[0031] The secant pile wall can have a bearing and/or definitive function. In the case of deep pit excavations ground anchors or struts may be necessary to improve the stability of the secant pile wall.

[0032] During drilling the guide beam 300 provides for guiding of the drill casing.

[0033] In the case of classical secant pile walls the drilled-out soil is carried upward by a screw, typically in a casing tube, and there discharged. At the end of the drilling concrete is pumped through the shaft of a hollow screw of the drill head. During the concreting the drill casing is pulled upward and the actual pile P is formed. A reinforcement 200 can if necessary then be arranged. This reinforcement can for instance be provided in each pile, in one of two piles, in one of three piles, in one of four piles or in one of five piles.

[0034] In the case of a soil mix secant wall the machines are equipped with a modified drill head with drilling tool. During the drilling binder, for instance cement mortar, is injected under low pressure into the soil in order to mix the binder and soil. The binder thus fills the pores between the soil particles and thus forms a pile. The diameter of the piles depends on the diameter of the drilling tool. Because no soil is removed and no concrete is used, the operation typically takes place more quickly than in the case of conventional piles. A reinforcement 200 can here also be arranged if necessary. This reinforcement can for instance be provided in each pile, in one of two piles, in one of three piles, in one of four piles or in one of five piles.

[0035] A secant pile wall is typically drilled in stages: first the primary piles and then the secondary piles. It is for instance possible during drilling of the primary piles to skip three piles at a time, i.e. to drill the first pile, the fifth pile, the ninth pile, and so on. At a second stage the intermediate primary piles are then drilled, i.e. the third pile, the seventh pile, and so on. At a third stage the secondary piles are then drilled in the same way as the primary piles, and here intersect the primary piles. A reinforcement can be placed in these secondary piles.

[0036] A possible embodiment of accessory 100 will now be described in more detail with reference to figures 2 and 1A-1C. Accessory 100 comprises a support 110 and a coupling part 120 on a first side of support 110. Coupling part 120 is configured for coupling thereto of an outer end of an elongate reinforcement 200. Coupling part 120 is hollow cylindrical with a first open end 121 and a second closed end 122 which is adjacent to support 110 such that an outer end 201 of elongate reinforcement 200 is placeable in the first open end 121 of tubular coupling part 120. Coupling part 120 is provided with one or more sets of diametrically opposite holes 160 through which a pin 400 is insertable in each case. Accessory 100 comprises on another, second side of support 110 a heavy material 135, preferably lead or a lead compound. In the shown variant one integral substantially tubular body 120, 130 can be used for accessory 100 around which support 110 is provided between a first end 121 and a second end 132 of tubular body 120, 130. This tubular body 120, 130 then forms coupling part 120 (on a first side of support 110) as well as a hollow body 130 in which heavy material 135 is received on a second, other side of support 110. Support 110 protrudes diametrically from the outer surface of the substantially tubular body 120, 130. An outer end of an elongate reinforcement 200 is then arrangeable in first end 121.

[0037] Embodiments of the invention can be used not only for secant pile walls, but more generally for any type of pile wherein, following manufacture of the pile, a reinforcement has to be placed in the pile material which has yet to cure.

[0038] A heavy material 135, preferably lead or a lead compound, is preferably arranged at least in a part between support 110 and second end 132. The skilled person will however appreciate that coupling part 120 can for instance also be embodied in heavy material.

[0039] Accessory 100 is preferably provided at one outer end with at least one hoisting part 140 located on the second other side of support 110, in which hoisting part 140 a hook of a hoisting cable 500 is arrangeable for the purpose of lifting the accessory 100.

[0040] The maximum diameter d_K of coupling part 120 preferably lies between 30 cm and 1.5 m.

[0041] Tubular body 120, 130 of the accessory is for instance 1.5 to 2.5 metres long, wherein the part 130 extends for instance over about one quarter of the total length and coupling part 120 over about three quarters of the total length. Part 130 is for instance partially filled with about 2 tons of lead. A strengthening ring 150 can be provided on outer end 132 of part 130, making it more easily possible to push on the accessory should this be necessary. Reinforcement 200 is preferably inserted into tubular body 120 while it lies flat on the ground. A pin 400 is then inserted through one of the holes 160. This pin 400 prevents the possibility of reinforcement 200 sliding out of coupling part 120. Accessory 100 here thus forms as it were a 'pressure cap' which, after drilling of the pile, is hoisted in the machine and brought into vertical position. Reinforcement 200 is suspended here in the lower coupling part 120 of the 'pressure cap'. When reinforcement 200 is lowered into the pile, the accessory 100 on top of reinforcement 200 will (when the reinforcement no longer descends) exert an additional vertical, downward directed force equal to the weight of the accessory on reinforcement 200 and push it into the pile material. Coupling part 120 will then descend into the pile through guide beam 300 (the pin meanwhile being pulled out of coupling part 120) until the support rests on support surface 310. Reinforcement 200 will at that moment be located at the desired depth and the accessory can be recovered for use in the following reinforcement. Because coupling part 120 lies round reinforcement 200, this latter is protected against buckling when the machine presses thereon.

[0042] According to a variant (not shown), the diameter of tubular part 130 is greater than that of coupling part 120, wherein coupling part 120 is placed centrally below tubular part 130. Tubular part 130 could for instance thus be provided with a diameter of 630 mm and coupling part 120 could be provided with a diameter of 530 or 430 mm. The advantage of such an embodiment is that tubular part 130 can be less high and have the same mass. A tube of 630 mm must after all be filled with lead over a height of about 55 cm in order to come to 2 tons. In the case of a tube of 530 mm this is about 78 cm and in the case of 430 mm this becomes 110 cm.

[0043] In the shown embodiment the mass was about 2 tons. The skilled person will appreciate that this mass can be adapted in accordance with the application. In the case of very light reinforcement cages it is possible to opt for a lighter mass since the reinforcement may be insufficiently stiff structurally to support a mass of more than 1.5 tons.

[0044] Figure 3 illustrates another possible embodiment of accessory 100. Accessory 100 comprises a support 110 and a coupling part 120 on a first side of support 110. Coupling part 120 is configured for coupling thereto of an outer end of an elongate reinforcement 200. Coupling part 120 consists of a number of rods 125 arranged along a (virtual) cylinder surface and attached to a heavy body 130. A ring 126 is provided against the inner side of rods 125. Rods 125 of coupling part 120 thus define a space into which an outer end 201 of elongate reinforcement 200 is placeable via a first open end 121 of coupling part 120. After outer end 201 of reinforcement 200 has been arranged, a pin 400 can be inserted between the rods, above ring 126, through reinforcement 200 in order to couple reinforcement 200 to the accessory. Accessory 100 comprises on another second side of support 110 a heavy material 135, preferably lead or a lead compound. In the shown variant one integral solid cylindrical body 110, 130 is used for support 110 and the weighted part. The weighted cylindrical part 130 is preferably provided with at least one hoisting part 140 on the upper side, in which hoisting part 140 a hook of a hoisting cable 500 is arrangeable for the purpose of lifting the accessory 100. The maximum diameter d_K of coupling part 120, i.e. the diameter of a virtual cylinder surface around rods 125, preferably lies between 30 cm and 1.5 m.

[0045] Figure 4 illustrates yet another possible embodiment of accessory 100. Accessory 100 comprises a support 110 and a coupling part 120 on a first side of support 110. Coupling part 120 is configured for coupling thereto of an outer end 201 of an elongate reinforcement 200. Coupling part 120 consists of a solid cylindrical body attached to a heavy body 110, 130. Coupling part 120 is provided with one or more sets of holes 160 lying diametrically opposite each other through which a pin 400 is insertable in each case. Outer end 201 of elongate reinforcement 200 is arrangeable here around coupling part 120. After outer end 201 of reinforcement 200 has been arranged around coupling part 120, a pin 400 can be placed through reinforcement 200 and holes 160 in order to couple reinforcement 200 to accessory 100. In the shown variant one integral solid cylindrical body 110, 130 of a heavy material 135, preferably lead or a lead compound, is used for support 110 and the weighted part. The weighted cylindrical part 130 is preferably provided with at least one hoisting part 140 on the upper side, in which hoisting part 140 a hook of a hoisting cable 500 is arrangeable for the purpose of lifting the accessory 100. The maximum diameter d_K of coupling part 120 preferably lies between 30 cm and 1.5 m.

[0046] The skilled person will appreciate that the invention is not limited to the above described embodiments and that many modifications and variants are possible within the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the following claims.

Claims

1. Method for forming a reinforced pile, comprising of forming a pile in the ground by drilling, wherein an elongate reinforcement (200) is arranged in the not yet cured pile material (P) of the pile, wherein the arranging of the elongate reinforcement (200) comprises:

providing an accessory (100) with a coupling part (120);

coupling an end (201) of the elongate reinforcement (200) to the coupling part (120);

lifting the accessory (100) such that the coupling part (120) with the elongate reinforcement (200) extends vertically downward;

lowering the elongate reinforcement (200) vertically into the not yet cured pile material, wherein the coupling part (120) has dimensions smaller than those of the formed pile;

wherein, when the reinforcement (200) is lowered into the pile, the accessory (100) on top of the reinforcement (200) exerts, in addition to the weight of the reinforcement (200), a vertical, downward directed force characterized in that said force is equal to the weight of the accessory on the reinforcement (200) and pushes it into the pile material, causing the lowering, such that a purely mechanical solution is provided without the use of a vibratory block; wherein the mass of the accessory (100) is greater than 0.5 ton, preferably greater than 1 ton.

2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the accessory is provided with a support (110) configured to be able to support on a support surface around the not yet cured pile material (P), wherein the lowering of the elongate reinforcement (200) into the not yet cured pile material takes place until the support (110) rests on the support surface (310) around the not yet cured pile material (P).

3. Method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupling part (120) and the reinforcement (200) are uncoupled during the lowering of the elongate reinforcement; and the accessory (100) is removed after the lowering of the elongate reinforcement.

4. Method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the coupling part (120) is tubular; and the outer end (201) of the elongate reinforcement (200) is arranged in the tubular coupling part (120).

5. Method as claimed in the foregoing claim, wherein the coupling of the outer end (201) of the elongate reinforcement (200) to the tubular coupling part (120) takes place by arranging one or more pins (400) through the tubular coupling part (120) and the end of the elongate reinforcement (200) placed therein, and wherein the uncoupling of the coupling part (120) and the reinforcement (200) comprises of removing the one or more pins (400).

6. Method as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the difference between the diameter d_P of the pile and the maximum diameter d_K of the tubular coupling part (120) is less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm, still more preferably less than 3 cm.

7. Method as claimed in claim 2, optionally in combination with anyone of the claims 3-6, wherein a guide beam (300) with a number of vertically oriented cylindrical openings (320) partially overlapping each other is arranged prior to forming of the pile, wherein said pile is drilled through an opening (320) thereof and wherein the lowering of the elongate reinforcement (200) into the not yet cured pile material takes place until the support (110) rests on the support surface (310) of the guide beam (300).

8. Method as claimed in the foregoing claim, wherein the guide beam (300) is formed by arranging a curable material around one or more template elements, wherein the one or more template elements are removed in order to form the mutually overlapping cylindrical openings (320); wherein the arranging of the curable material preferably comprises one or more of the following: casting a concrete mixture or arranging stabilized sand.

9. Method as claimed in claim 2, optionally in combination with any of the foregoing claims, wherein the coupling part (120) is provided on a first side of the support (110) and wherein on another, second side of the support (110) is provided at least one hoisting part (140) to which a hoisting cable is coupled for the purpose of lifting the accessory.

10. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein forming of the pile comprises of: loosening a pile-shaped column of soil by drilling; carrying the loosened soil upward, preferably in a casing tube and preferably by means of a screw, and discharging the loosened soil; and pumping concrete into the drilled-out column.

11. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein forming of the pile comprises of: loosening a pile-shaped column of soil by drilling, and injecting binder into the loosened soil.

12. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the reinforcement (200) is a cage reinforcement (200).

13. Use of an accessory (100) for forming a reinforced pile in the ground according to a method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the accessory (100) comprises a tubular coupling part (120); wherein the coupling part (120) is configured for coupling thereto of an outer end of an elongate reinforcement (200); and wherein the mass of the accessory (100) is greater than 0.5 ton, preferably greater than 1 ton;
further comprising a support (110), wherein the coupling part (120) is located on a first side of the support (110), wherein the coupling part (120) has dimensions which are smaller than the diametrical dimensions of the support (110); or
wherein the coupling part (120) is a first tubular body (120) and the accessory comprises a second tubular body (130) with a diameter greater than that of the first tubular body in line with the first tubular body, wherein heavy material is received in the second tubular body (130), and wherein an elongate reinforcement (200) is arrangeable in or around the first tubular body (120).

14. Use as claimed in the foregoing claim, wherein the coupling part (120) is tubular with a first open end (121) and a second end (122) which is adjacent to the support (110) such that an outer end (201) of the elongate reinforcement (200) is arrangeable in the first open end (121) of the tubular coupling part (120); and
wherein the coupling part (120) is provided with one or more sets of holes (160) lying diametrically opposite each other through which one or more pins (400) are insertable.

15. Use as claimed in claim 13 or 14,
wherein the accessory (100) is provided at one outer end with at least one hoisting part (140) located on the other side of the support (110), in which hoisting part (140) a hook (500) is arrangeable for the purpose of lifting the accessory (100).

Ansprüche

1. Verfahren zum Ausbilden eines bewehrten Pfahls, das das Ausbilden eines Pfahls im Boden durch Bohren aufweist, wobei eine Längsverstärkung (200) in dem noch nicht ausgehärteten Pfahlmaterial (P) des Pfahls angeordnet ist, wobei das Anordnen der Längsverstärkung (200) aufweist:

Vorsehen einer Zusatzvorrichtung (1000) mit einem Verbindungsteil (120);

Verbinden eines Endes (201) der Längsverstärkung (200) mit dem Verbindungsteil (120);

Hochheben des Zubehörteils (100) dergestalt, dass das Verbindungsteil (120) mit der Längsverstärkung (200) vertikal nach unten verläuft;

Absenken der Längsverstärkung (200) vertikal in das noch nicht ausgehärtete Pfahlmaterial, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) Abmessungen kleiner als die des ausgebildeten Pfahls hat;

wobei

wenn die Verstärkung (200) in den Pfahl abgesenkt wird, die Zubehörvorrichtung (100) auf die Verstärkung (200) zusätzlich zu dem Gewicht der Verstärkung (200) eine vertikale nach unten gerichtete Kraft ausübt,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

die Kraft gleich dem Gewicht der Zubehörvorrichtung an der Verstärkung (200) ist und sie in das Pfahlmaterial schiebt, was das Absenken bewirkt, sodass eine rein mechanische Lösung vorgesehen wird, ohne dass ein Vibratorblock verwendet wird;

wobei die Masse der Zubehörvorrichtung (100) größer als 0,5 t ist, vorzugsweise größer als 1 t.

2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Zubehörvorrichtung mit einem Träger (110) vorgesehen ist, der ausgestaltet ist, um dazu in der Lage zu sein, an einer Tragefläche um das noch nicht ausgehärtete Pfahlmaterial (P) zu tragen,
wobei das Absenken der Längsverstärkung (200) in das noch nicht ausgehärtete Pfahlmaterial stattfindet, bis der Träger (110) auf der Tragefläche (310) um das noch nicht ausgehärtete Pfahlmaterial (P) ruht.

3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) und die Verstärkung (200) während dem Absenken der Längsverstärkung entkoppelt werden; und die Zubehörvorrichtung (100) nach dem Absenken der Längsverstärkung entfernt wird.

4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) röhrenförmig ist; und das äußere Ende (201) der Längsverstärkung (200) in dem röhrenförmigen Verbindungsteil (120) angeordnet ist.

5. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei das Verbinden des äußeren Endes (201) der Längsverstärkung (200) mit dem röhrenförmigen Verbindungsteil (120) stattfindet, indem ein oder mehrere Stifte (400) durch das röhrenförmige Verbindungsteil (120) angeordnet werden und das Ende der Längsverstärkung (200) darin angeordnet wird, und wobei das Entkoppeln des Verbindungsteils (120) und der Verstärkung (200) das Entfernen des einen Stifts oder der mehreren Stifte (400) aufweist.

6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 der 5, wobei die Differenz zwischen dem Durchmesser d_P des Pfahls und dem maximalen Durchmesser d_K des röhrenförmigen Verbindungsteils (120) kleiner als 10 cm ist, vorzugsweise kleiner als 5 cm, noch bevorzugter kleiner als 3 cm.

7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, optional in Kombination mit einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, wobei ein Führungsbalken (300) mit mehreren vertikal ausgerichteten zylindrischen Öffnungen (320), die einander teilweise überlappen, vor dem Ausformen des Pfahls angeordnet ist, wobei der Pfahl durch eine Öffnung (320) davon gebohrt ist, und wobei das Absenken der Längsverstärkung (200) in das noch nicht ausgehärtete Pfahlmaterial stattfindet, bis der Träger (107) auf der Tragefläche (310) des Führungsbalkens (300) ruht.

8. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei der Führungsbalken (300) ausgebildet ist, indem ein aushärtbares Material um ein oder mehrere Schablonenelemente angeordnet wird, wobei das eine oder die mehreren Schablonenelemente entfernt werden, um die einander überlappenden zylindrischen Öffnungen (320) auszubilden; wobei das Anordnen des aushärtbaren Materials vorzugsweise eines oder mehrere der folgenden aufweist: Gießen einer Betonmischung oder Anordnen von stabilisiertem Sand.

9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, optional in Kombination mit einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) an einer ersten Seite des Trägers (110) vorgesehen ist und wobei an einer anderen zweiten Seite des Trägers (110) wenigstens ein Hebeteil (140) vorgesehen ist, an dem ein Hebeseil zum Zwecke des Anhebens der Zubehörvorrichtung verbunden ist.

10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Ausbilden des Pfahls aufweist: Auflockern einer pfahlförmigen Säule von Erde durch Bohren; Transportieren der aufgelockerten Erde nach oben, vorzugsweise in einem Gehäuserohr und vorzugsweise mittels einer Schraube und Auswerfen der aufgelockerten Erde; und Einpumpen von Beton in die ausgebohrte Säule.

11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Ausbilden des Pfahls aufweist: Auflockern einer pfahlförmigen Säule der Erde durch Bohren und Einspritzen eines Bindemittels in die aufgelockerte Erde.

12. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Verstärkung (200) eine Käfigverstärkung (200) ist.

13. Verwendung einer Zubehörvorrichtung (100) zum Ausbilden eines verstärkten Pfahls im Boden gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Zubehörvorrichtung (100) ein röhrenförmiges Verbindungsteil (120) aufweist; wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) ausgestaltet ist, um ein äußeres Ende einer Längsverstärkung (200) damit zu verbinden, und wobei die Masse der Zubehörvorrichtung (100) größer als 0,5 t ist, vorzugsweise größer als 1 t;
weiterhin einen Träger (110) aufweisend, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) sich an der ersten Seite des Trägers (107) befindet, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) Abmessungen hat, die kleiner als die Durchmesserabmessungen des Trägers (110) sind; oder
wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) ein erster röhrenförmigen Körper (120) ist und die Zubehörvorrichtung einen zweiten röhrenförmigen Körper (130) mit einem Durchmesser größer als der des ersten röhrenförmigen Körpers in einer Reihe mit den ersten röhrenförmigen Körper aufweist, wobei Schwermaterial im zweiten röhrenförmigen Körper (130) aufgenommen ist, und wobei eine Längsverstärkung (200) in oder um den ersten röhrenförmigen Körper (120) anordenbar ist.

14. Verwendung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) röhrenförmig mit einem ersten offenen Ende (121) und einem zweiten Ende (122), das benachbart zum Träger (110) ist, ist, sodass ein äußeres Ende (201) der Längsverstärkung (200) im ersten offenen Ende (121) des röhrenförmigen Verbindungsteils (120) anordenbar ist; und
wobei das Verbindungsteil (120) mit einem oder mehreren Sätzen an Öffnungen (160) vorgesehen ist, die einander diametral gegenüberliegen, durch die ein oder mehrere Stifte (400) einsetzbar sind.

15. Verwendung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, wobei die Zubehörvorrichtung (100) an einem äußeren Ende mit wenigstens einer Hebekomponente (140) vorgesehen ist, die sich an der anderen Seite des Trägers (110) befindet, wobei in dem Hebeteil (140) ein Haken (500) zum Zwecke des Hochhebens der Zubehörvorrichtung (100) anordenbar ist.

Revendications

1. Procédé de formation d'un poteau renforcé, comprenant la formation d'un poteau dans le sol par forage, dans lequel une armature allongée (200) est placée dans le matériau de poteau non encore durci (P) du poteau, dans lequel l'agencement de l'armature allongée (200) comprend :

la préparation d'un accessoire (100) avec une partie de couplage (120) ;

le couplage d'une extrémité (201) de l'armature allongée (200) à la partie de couplage (120) ;

le levage de l'accessoire (100) de telle sorte que la partie de couplage (120) avec l'armature allongée (200) s'étende verticalement vers le bas ;

l'abaissement de l'armature allongée (200) verticalement dans le matériau de poteau non encore durci,

dans lequel la partie de couplage (120) présente des dimensions inférieures à celles du poteau formé ;

dans lequel, lorsque l'armature (200) est abaissée dans le poteau, l'accessoire (100) au-dessus de l'armature (200) exerce, en plus du poids de l'armature (200), un effort vertical dirigé vers le bas, caractérisé en ce que ledit effort est égal au poids de l'accessoire sur l'armature (200) et le pousse dans le matériau de poteau, provoquant l'abaissement, de telle sorte qu'une solution purement mécanique est assurée sans utiliser de bloc vibrant ; dans lequel la masse de l'accessoire (100) est supérieure à 0,5 tonne, de préférence, supérieure à 1 tonne.

2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'accessoire comporte un support (110) configuré de manière à pouvoir supporter sur une surface de support autour du matériau de poteau non encore durci (P), dans lequel l'abaissement de l'armature allongée (200) dans le matériau de poteau non encore durci est assuré jusqu'à ce que le support (110) repose sur la surface de support (310) autour du matériau de poteau non encore durci (P).

3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la partie de couplage (120) et l'armature (200) sont séparées au cours de l'abaissement de l'armature allongée ; et l'accessoire (100) est retiré après l'abaissement de l'armature allongée.

4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la partie de couplage (120) est tubulaire ; et l'extrémité externe (201) de l'armature allongée (200) est agencée dans la partie de couplage tubulaire (120).

5. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le couplage de l'extrémité externe (201) de l'armature allongée (200) sur la partie de couplage tubulaire (120) est réalisé en agençant une ou plusieurs broches (400) à travers la partie de couplage tubulaire (120) et l'extrémité de l'armature allongée (200) placée à l'intérieur, et dans lequel la séparation de la partie de couplage (120) et de l'armature (200) comprend l'extraction de la ou des broches (400).

6. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou 5, dans lequel la différence entre le diamètre dp du poteau et le diamètre maximum d_K de la partie de couplage tubulaire (120) est inférieure à 10 cm, de préférence, inférieure à 5 cm, plus préférablement, inférieure à 3 cm.

7. Procédé selon la revendication 2, en variante, en association avec l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, dans lequel une poutrelle de guidage (300) avec un certain nombre d'ouvertures cylindriques orientées verticalement (320), se recouvrant partiellement l'une l'autre, est agencée avant la formation du poteau, dans lequel ledit poteau est foré à travers une ouverture (320) de celle-ci et dans lequel l'abaissement de l'armature allongée (200) dans le matériau de poteau non encore durci est assuré jusqu'à ce que le support (110) repose sur la surface de support (310) de la poutrelle de guidage (300).

8. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la poutrelle de guidage (300) est formée en plaçant un matériau durcissable autour d'un ou plusieurs éléments de gabarit, dans lequel le ou les éléments de gabarit sont retirés dans le but de former les ouvertures cylindriques se recouvrant mutuellement (320) ; dans lequel la mise en place du matériau durcissable comprend, de préférence, un ou plusieurs des procédés suivants : le moulage d'un mélange de béton ou la mise en place de sable stabilisé.

9. Procédé selon la revendication 2, en variante, en association avec l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la partie de couplage (120) est formée sur un premier côté du support (110) et dans lequel, sur un autre second côté du support (110) est formée au moins une partie de hissage (140) sur laquelle un câble de hissage est couplé dans le but de soulever l'accessoire.

10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la formation du poteau comprend : la séparation d'une colonne en forme de poteau du sol par forage ; le levage du sol séparé, de préférence, dans un tube d'enveloppe et, de préférence, au moyen d'une vis, et le déchargement du sol séparé ; et le pompage de béton dans la colonne forée.

11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la formation du poteau comprend : la séparation d'une colonne en forme de poteau du sol par forage et l'injection de liant dans le sol séparé.

12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'armature (200) est une armature en cage (200).

13. Utilisation d'un accessoire (100) destiné à la formation d'un poteau renforcé dans le sol suivant un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'accessoire (100) comprend une partie de couplage tubulaire (120) ; dans laquelle la partie de couplage (120) est configurée de manière à se coupler à une extrémité externe d'une armature allongée (200) ; et dans laquelle la masse de l'accessoire (100) est supérieure à 0,5 tonne, de préférence, supérieure à 1 tonne ;
comprenant, en outre, un support (110), dans laquelle la partie de couplage (120) est située sur un premier côté du support (110), dans laquelle la partie de couplage (120) présente des dimensions qui sont inférieures aux dimensions diamétrales du support (110) ; ou
dans laquelle la partie de couplage (120) est un premier corps tubulaire (120) et l'accessoire comprend un second corps tubulaire (130), présentant un diamètre supérieur à celui du premier corps tubulaire, aligné avec le premier corps tubulaire, dans laquelle un matériau lourd est reçu dans le second corps tubulaire (130), et dans laquelle une armature allongée (200) peut être agencée dans le premier corps tubulaire (120) ou autour de ce dernier.

14. Utilisation selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle la partie de couplage (120) est tubulaire avec une première extrémité ouverte (121) et une seconde extrémité (122) qui est adjacente au support (110) de telle sorte qu'une extrémité externe (201) de l'armature allongée (200) peut être agencée dans la première extrémité ouverte (121) de la partie de couplage tubulaire (120) ; et
dans laquelle la partie de couplage (120) comporte un ou plusieurs ensembles d'orifices (160) disposés diamétralement à l'opposé l'un de l'autre à travers lesquels une ou plusieurs broches (400) peuvent être insérées.

15. Utilisation selon la revendication 13 ou 14,
dans laquelle l'accessoire (100), comporte, au niveau d'une extrémité externe, au moins une partie de hissage (140) située sur l'autre côté du support (110), un crochet (500) pouvant être agencé sur ladite partie de hissage (140) dans le but de soulever l'accessoire (100).

Drawing