FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a hand dishwashing cleaning composition. In particular,
the composition has an improved and sustained foam rheology and foam aesthetics profile
throughout dilution in a cleaning implement. A method of manually washing dishware
is also provided.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Manual/hand dishwashing is typically performed by applying dishwashing detergent
to a cleaning implement (
e.g., sponge) and scrubbing dishware with the cleaning implement. Accordingly, with this
"direct application" method of hand dishwashing, the user usually relies on the sudsing
profile as an indicator of the composition's cleaning ability.
[0003] To qualify a dishwashing detergent as having a good sudsing profile, the generated
foam must possess desirable suds aesthetics. For example, a detergent with a generated
foam that tends to be very airy and watery is perceived by the user as being too dilute
and the detergent as low performing. Alternatively, a detergent with a generated foam
that is very dense and/or sticky is perceived by the user as being more of a care
product (
i.e., skin care, cosmetic, etc.) and the detergent as low performing. Therefore, the desirable
foam would constitute airy bubbles that seem to travel very quickly from the cleaning
implement to the items to be cleaned. Additionally, the appearance of the foam must
not be too creamy nor too watery. Such a detergent would therefore be perceived by
the user as being high performing.
[0004] Another aspect of good sudsing profile is that the detergent will foam as soon as
manual pressure is applied with or on the cleaning implement. The resultant rapid
suds formation can be referred to as "flash suds". The presence of flash suds is viewed
by the user as a signal that sufficient amounts of the detergent has been added. The
lack of flash suds may compel the user to add additional detergent even though a sufficient
amount has been added, thereby negatively impacting consumer perception of product
value for money spent. The lack of flash suds may also result in overdosing of the
product, thereby negatively impacting the environment, for example, by requiring higher
amounts of water for rinsing the cleaning implement at the end of the washing process.
[0005] Yet another aspect of good sudsing profile is that the detergent performs well not
only during the initial phase but for a substantial portion of, if not the entire,
manual dishwashing process. For example, if the suds subside or if the foam changes
appearance throughout use, then the user will assume that insufficient amounts of
the actives (
e.g., surfactants) are still present to effectively clean soiled dishware. Indeed, as the
neat product during use becomes more diluted with wash water in the sponge, the resulting
foam tends to become more airy and diluted in performance. As a result, the user will
re-dose the detergent more frequently, which will result in the user's dissatisfaction
with the performance of the product.
[0006] Thus, the need remains for a cleaning composition having a good sudsing profile,
in particular, the generated foam of the composition must possess desirable suds aesthetics
in order to connote high performance benefits of the cleaning composition. It is desirable
that the generated foam has a foam rheology and foam aesthetics characterized by suds
that are not too creamy nor too airy and/or are not too watery, and that the foam
rheology and foam aesthetics are sustained upon dilution with wash water throughout
use. The need also exists for a cleaning composition, particularly a hand dishwashing
cleaning composition, that provides good cleaning, particularly good cleaning of soils
and/or grease removal. The Applicant has discovered that some or all of the above-mentioned
needs can be at least partially fulfilled through cleaning compositions as described
herein below.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention meets one or more of these needs based on the surprising discovery
that by formulating a cleaning composition having a certain ratio of alkyl polyglucoside
surfactants, such a composition has unique foam rheology profile that exhibits good
sudsing profile, particularly desirable and sustained suds rheology and aesthetics
throughout use, and/or cleaning performance benefits.
[0008] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a hand dishwashing cleaning composition
comprising:
- a) from 5% to 50%, preferably from 8% to 45%, more preferably from 15% to 40% by weight
of the total composition of a surfactant system comprising:
- (i) from 1% to 20%, preferably from 2% to 15%, more preferably from 3% to 10%, by
weight of the surfactant system of an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant, wherein the
alkyl polyglucoside surfactant comprises a mixture of: (a) 60% or more, preferably
70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, even more preferably 90% or more by weight
of the total alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of a first alkyl polyglucoside surfactant
having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12, preferably between
10.1 and 11.9; and (b) 40% or less, preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or
less, even more preferably 10% or less by weight of the total alkyl polyglucoside
surfactant of a second alkyl polyglucoside surfactant having an average alkyl carbon
chain length between 12 and 16, preferably between 12 and 14, more preferably between
12.1 and 13.9;
- (ii) from 5% to 40%, preferably from 10% to 35%, more preferably from 15% to 30%,
by weight of the surfactant system of one or more amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic
surfactant, or mixtures thereof; preferably amphoteric surfactant or a mixture thereof;
and
- (iii) from 50% to 85%, preferably from 55% to 80%, more preferably from 60% to 75%,
by weight of the surfactant system of an anionic surfactant or mixtures thereof; and
- b) from 50% to 85%, even more preferably from 50% to 75% by weight of the total composition
of water.
[0009] Another aspect of the invention is a method of manually washing dishware comprising
the steps of:
- i) delivering a composition according to the invention onto soiled dishware or a cleaning
implement; preferably a cleaning implement, more preferably a sponge;
- ii) cleaning the dishware with the composition in the presence of water; and
- iii) optionally, rinsing the dishware.
[0010] Another aspect of the invention provides for a use of a hand dishwashing cleaning
composition according to the invention for the generation of flash suds in a hand
dishwashing process and/or for providing stable suds, preferably wherein the composition
provides the stable suds as having a static yield stress between 9 Pa and 12 Pa at
from 10% down to 0.5% product concentration in demineralized water and 20°C, as measured
using the method described herein.
[0011] It is an object of the composition of the present invention to exhibit good sudsing
profile, preferably suitable suds rheology and aesthetics of the generated foam.
[0012] It is an object of the composition of the present invention to exhibit good sudsing
profile, preferably flash suds generation.
[0013] It is an object of the composition of the present invention to exhibit good sudsing
profile, preferably stable suds during a substantial portion of or for the entire
manual dishwashing process.
[0014] It is an object of the composition to provide good cleaning, preferably good tough
food cleaning (
e.g., cooked-, baked- and burnt-on soils) and/or good grease cleaning.
[0015] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become
evident to those skilled in the art from the detailed description which follows.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions
[0016] As used herein, articles such as "a" and "an" when used in a claim, are understood
to mean one or more of what is claimed or described.
[0017] The term "comprising" as used herein means that steps and ingredients other than
those specifically mentioned can be added. This term encompasses the terms "consisting
of' and "consisting essentially of." The compositions of the present invention can
comprise, consist of, and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations
of the invention described herein, as well as any of the additional or optional ingredients,
components, steps, or limitations described herein.
[0018] The term "foam rheology profile" as used herein means the ability of a foam to persist
against changing shape upon application of shear force, and can be characterized per
the test method measuring yield stress described herein.
[0019] The term "static yield stress" as used herein represents a physical foam characteristic
indicative for foam aesthetics. For example, foams having a higher yield stress value
have a more dense, creamy appearance contrary to foams with a lower yield stress which
have a less dense, more watery and airy appearance.
[0020] The term "delta (Δ) yield stress" as used herein represents a physical measure indicative
for the degree of change in foam appearance upon dilution with water. For example,
smaller delta (Δ) yield stress values represent foams having a substantially consistent
foam aesthetics upon dilution with water, while foams having higher delta (Δ) yield
stress values are substantially less consistent upon dilution with water and become
less dense and more airy/watery. The delta (Δ) yield stress is determined according
to the method described herein.
[0021] The term "dishware" as used herein includes cookware and tableware made from, by
non-limiting examples, ceramic, china, metal, glass, plastic (
e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc.) and wood.
[0022] The term "flash suds" as used herein means the initial suds generated upon dissolving
of the cleaning composition on the dishware or the cleaning implement, especially
the cleaning implement, during the initial stages of the dishwashing process.
[0023] The term "grease" as used herein means materials comprising at least in part (
i.e., at least 0.5 wt% by weight of the grease) saturated and unsaturated fats and oils,
preferably oils and fats derived from animal sources such as beef, pig and/or chicken.
[0024] The terms "include", "includes" and "including" are meant to be non-limiting.
[0025] The term "sudsing profile" as used herein refers to the properties of a cleaning
composition relating to suds character during the dishwashing process, especially
upon agitating a cleaning implement, especially a sponge, comprising said cleaning
composition. The term "sudsing profile" of a cleaning composition includes suds volume
generated upon dissolving and agitation, typically manual agitation, of the cleaning
composition in the aqueous washing solution or in the cleaning implement, and the
retention of the suds during the dishwashing process. Preferably, hand dishwashing
cleaning compositions characterized as having "good sudsing profile" tend to have
high flash suds volume and/or sustained suds volume, particularly during a substantial
portion of or for the entire manual dishwashing process. This is important as the
consumer uses high flash suds as an indicator that sufficient cleaning composition
has been dosed. Moreover, the consumer also uses the sustained suds volume as an indicator
that sufficient active cleaning ingredients (
e.g., surfactants) are present, even towards the end of the dishwashing process. The consumer
usually renews the washing solution when the sudsing subsides. Thus, a low sudsing
cleaning composition will tend to be replaced by the consumer more frequently than
is necessary because of the low sudsing level. The term "sudsing profile" of a cleaning
composition may also include suds aesthetics.
[0026] It is understood that the test methods that are disclosed in the Test Methods Section
of the present application must be used to determine the respective values of the
parameters of Applicants' inventions as described and claimed herein.
[0027] In all embodiments of the present invention, all percentages are by weight of the
total composition, as evident by the context, unless specifically stated otherwise.
All ratios are weight ratios, unless specifically stated otherwise, and all measurements
are made at 25°C, unless otherwise designated.
Cleaning Composition
[0028] The Applicants have surprisingly discovered that the cleaning compositions of the
present invention exhibit a desired foam rheology profile characterized by good sudsing
profile, particularly desirable suds aesthetics that connote high performance benefits
of the cleaning composition. The composition possesses desirable suds rheology and
suds aesthetics, including bubbles that are not overly creamy nor airy and/or are
not too watery, and are sustained throughout dilution with the wash water during a
dishwashing process. This signals to the user that even at high dilutions sufficient
product is still present to provide great cleaning, as such triggering less re-dosing
and overconsumption of the product by the user.
[0029] Such properties of the product also renders it useful for different hand dishwashing
habits such as direct application of product on a cleaning implement or under full
sink condition with diluted product.
[0030] The solution has been to formulate a composition with higher fractions of alkyl polyglucoside
(APG) surfactant material having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and
12. This benefit is surprising as the desirable sudsing profile is not present when
traditional alkyl polyglucoside surfactants (
i.e., comprising high fractions of APG surfactant material having an average alkyl carbon
chain length larger than C12, preferably between C12 and C14, more preferably between
12.1 and 13.9) are formulated. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed
that this specific alkyl chain length fraction of the APG provides the right size
and hydrophobicity versus hydrophilicity balance to efficiently pack at the air water
interface together with the anionic and amphoteric/ zwitterionic surfactant of the
invention. As a result, enhanced suds aesthetics and/or suds stabilization, upon dilution
with wash water during the dishwashing process, of the cleaning composition of the
present invention can be obtained.
[0031] Specifically, in one aspect the present invention envisages a cleaning composition,
preferably a hand dishwashing cleaning composition. The composition of the present
invention provides good cleaning and good sudsing profile. Other advantages associated
with the composition of the present invention include that the composition presents
good stability due to the compatibility of the surfactant system with the remaining
ingredients of the composition. The composition can also be aesthetically pleasant
because the presence of the surfactant system does not alter the appearance of the
composition,
i.e., transparent, translucent, etc. The composition of the present invention can also
provide good grease removal, in particular good uncooked grease removal,
[0032] The composition is a hand dishwashing cleaning composition, preferably in liquid
form. The composition contains from 50% to 85%, preferably from 50% to 75% by weight
of the total composition of a liquid carrier in which the other essential and optional
components are dissolved, dispersed or suspended. One preferred component of the liquid
carrier is water.
[0033] The pH of the composition is preferably from 6 to 14, preferably from 7 to 12, or
more preferably from 7.5 to 10, as measured at 25°C and 10% aqueous concentration
in distilled water. The pH of the composition can be adjusted using pH modifying ingredients
known in the art.
[0034] The composition of the present invention can be Newtonian or non-Newtonian, preferably
Newtonian. The composition has a viscosity of from 10 mPa·s to 10,000 mPa·s, preferably
from 100 mPa·s to 5,000 mPa·s, more preferably from 300 mPa·s to 2,000 mPa·s, or most
preferably from 500 mPa·s to 1,500 mPa·s, alternatively combinations thereof. Viscosity
is measured with a Brookfield RVT viscometer using spindle 21 at 20 RPM at 25°C.
[0035] Preferably, the composition of the present invention can produce a foam upon dispensing
and the dispensed foam has a static yield stress between 9 Pa and 12 Pa at a 10% product
concentration in demineralized water and 20°C, as measured using the method described
herein.
[0036] Preferably, the composition of the present invention can produce a foam upon dispensing
and the dispensed foam has a delta yield stress between 0 Pa and 2 Pa at a 10% product
concentration versus a 1% product concentration in demineralized water and 20°C, as
measured using the method described herein.
Surfactant System
[0037] The cleaning composition comprises from 5% to 50%, preferably from 8% to 45%, more
preferably from 15% to 40%, by weight of the total composition of a surfactant system.
[0038] The surfactant system of the composition of the present invention comprises an alkyl
polyglucoside ("APG") surfactant. Preferably, the surfactant system for the cleaning
composition of the present invention comprises from 1% to 20%, preferably from 2%
to 15%, more preferably from 3% to 10%, by weight of the surfactant system of an alkyl
polyglucoside surfactant. The alkyl polyglucoside surfactant is a mixture of: (a)
60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, even more preferably
90% or more by weight of the total alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of a first alkyl
polyglucoside surfactant having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and
12, preferably between 10.1 and 11.9; and (b) 40% or less, preferably 30% or less,
more preferably 20% or less, even more preferably 10% or less by weight of the total
alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of a second alkyl polyglucoside surfactant having an
average alkyl carbon chain length between 12 and 16, preferably between 12 and 14,
more preferably between 12.1 and 13.9. In other words, the composition has higher
fractions of a first alkyl polyglucoside surfactant material having an average carbon
chain length represented by m, wherein m is represented by the formula: 10 < m > 12.
Correspondingly, the composition has lower fractions of a second alkyl polyglucoside
surfactant having an average carbon chain length represented by n, wherein n is represented
by the formula: 12 < n > 14.
[0039] The first and second alkyl polyglucoside surfactants are added to a premix for preparing
the cleaning composition, or directly to the cleaning composition as two separate
starting materials. For example the cleaning composition can be obtained by mixing
Glucopon® GD70 and Glucopon® 600 CSUP APG surfactant materials from BASF into a premix
or into the cleaning composition per the ratios described herein, Glucopon® GD70 comprising
an APG with an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12, and Glucopon®
600CSUP comprising an APG with an average alkyl carbon chain length between 12 and
14. It will be understood that APG surfactant mixtures of the present invention comprise
of at least two or more different APG surfactants and does not include an APG surfactant
material having an average carbon chain length of 12 (
i.e., a pure C12).
[0040] Preferably, the APG surfactant is an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant material having
an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12, preferably between 10.1 and
11.9. Preferably, the APG surfactant comprises 100% of the first alkyl polyglucoside
surfactant having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12, preferably
between 10.1 and 11.9. The APG surfactant preferably has an average degree of polymerization
of between 0.1 and 3, preferably between 0.5 and 2.5, more preferably between 1 and
2, and most preferably between 1.2 and 1.6.
[0041] Suitable alkyl polyglucoside surfactant material having an average alkyl carbon chain
length between 10 and 12 is commercially available as Glucopon® GD70 from BASF. Suitable
alkyl polyglucoside surfactant material having an average alkyl carbon chain length
between 12 and 16, preferably between 12 and 14, more preferably between 12.1 and
13.9 is commercially available as Glucopon® 600 CSUP from BASF.
[0042] The surfactant system of the composition of the present invention comprises an anionic
surfactant. Preferably, the surfactant system for the cleaning composition of the
present invention comprises from 50% to 85%, preferably from 55% to 80%, more preferably
from 60% to 75%, by weight of the surfactant system of an anionic surfactant. The
anionic surfactant can be any anionic cleaning surfactant, preferably selected from
sulphate and/or sulfonate and/or sulfosuccinate anionic surfactants. Especially preferred
anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfate, alkyl alkoxy
sulfate and mixtures thereof, and preferably wherein the alkyl alkoxy sulfate is an
alkyl ethoxy sulfate. Preferred anionic surfactant is an alkyl ethoxy sulfate with
a mol average ethoxylation degree of less than 5, preferably less than 3, more preferably
less than 2 and more than 0.5.
[0043] Preferably the alkyl ethoxy sulfate anionic surfactant has a weight average level
of branching of from 5% to 60%, preferably from 10% to 55%, more preferably from 15%
to 50%, even more preferably from 20% to 45%, most preferably from 25% to 45%. This
level of branching also contributes to better dissolution and suds lasting. It also
contributes to the stability of the detergent at low temperature. Preferably the alkyl
ethoxy sulfate anionic surfactant has a mol average alkyl carbon chain length between
10 and 14, preferably between 12 and 14. Most preferably the alkyl ethoxy sulfate
anionic surfactant has a mol average alkyl carbon chain length between 12 and 14,
a mol average degree of ethoxylation of less than 2 and more than 0.5 and a weight
average level of branching between 25 and 45%. Detergents having this ratio present
good dissolution and suds performance.
[0044] When the alkyl ethoxylated sulfate anionic surfactant is a mixture, the average alkoxylation
degree is the mol average alkoxylation degree of all the components of the mixture
(i.e., mol average alkoxylation degree). In the mol average alkoxylation degree calculation
the weight of sulfate anionic surfactant components not having alkoxylate groups should
also be included.

wherein x1, x2, ... are the number of moles of each sulfate anionic surfactant of
the mixture and alkoxylation degree is the number of alkoxy groups in each sulfate
anionic surfactant.
[0045] If the surfactant is branched, the preferred branching group is an alkyl. Typically,
the alkyl is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, cyclic alkyl groups
and mixtures thereof. Single or multiple alkyl branches could be present on the main
hydrocarbyl chain of the starting alcohol(s) used to produce the sulfate anionic surfactant
used in the composition of the invention.
[0046] The branched sulfate anionic surfactant can be a single anionic surfactant or a mixture
of anionic surfactants. In the case of a single surfactant the percentage of branching
refers to the weight percentage of the hydrocarbyl chains that are branched in the
original alcohol from which the surfactant is derived.
[0047] In the case of a surfactant mixture the percentage of branching is the weight average
and it is defined according to the following formula:

wherein x1, x2, are the weight in grams of each alcohol in the total alcohol mixture
of the alcohols which were used as starting material for the anionic surfactant for
the detergent of the invention. In the weight average branching degree calculation,
the weight of anionic surfactant components not having branched groups should also
be included.
[0048] Suitable counterions include alkali metal cation earth alkali metal cation, alkanolammonium
or ammonium or substituted ammonium, but preferably sodium.
[0049] Suitable examples of commercially available sulfates include, those based on Neodol
alcohols ex the Shell company, Lial - Isalchem and Safol® ex the Sasol company, natural
alcohols ex The Procter & Gamble Chemicals company. Suitable sulfonate surfactants
for use herein include water-soluble salts of C8-C18 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl sulfonates;
C11-C18 alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS), modified alkylbenzene sulfonate (MLAS); methyl
ester sulfonate (MES); and alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS). Those also include the paraffin
sulfonates may be monosulfonates and/or disulfonates, obtained by sulfonating paraffins
of 10 to 20 carbon atoms. The sulfonate surfactant also include the alkyl glyceryl
sulfonate surfactants.
[0050] The surfactant system of the composition of the present invention comprises from
5% to 40%, preferably from 10% to 35%, more preferably from 15% to 30%, by weight
of the surfactant system of one or more amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant,
or mixtures thereof, preferably an amphoteric surfactant.
[0051] Preferably, the amphoteric surfactant is an amine oxide surfactant selected from
the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl amine oxide, linear or branched alkyl
amidopropyl amine oxide, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the amine oxide surfactant
is linear C10 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide, linear C12-C14 alkyl dimethyl amine oxides
and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the amine oxide surfactant is C12-C14 alkyl
dimethyl amine oxide.
[0052] Preferably, the amine oxide surfactant is alkyl dimethyl amine oxide or alkyl amido
propyl dimethyl amine oxide, preferably alkyl dimethyl amine oxide and especially
coco dimethyl amino oxide, most preferably C12-C14 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide. Typical
linear amine oxides include water-soluble amine oxides containing one R1 C8-18 alkyl
moiety and 2 R2 and R3 moieties selected from the group consisting of C1-3 alkyl groups
and C1-3 hydroxyalkyl groups. Preferably amine oxide is characterized by the formula
R1 - N(R2)(R3) O wherein R1 is a C8-18 alkyl and R2 and R3 are selected from the group
consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, 2-hydroxethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl and
3-hydroxypropyl. The linear amine oxide surfactants in particular may include linear
C10-C18 alkyl dimethyl amine oxides and linear C8-C12 alkoxy ethyl dihydroxy ethyl
amine oxides. Preferred amine oxides include linear C10, linear C10-C12, and linear
C12-C14 alkyl dimethyl amine oxides. As used herein "mid-branched" means that the
amine oxide has one alkyl moiety having n1 carbon atoms with one alkyl branch on the
alkyl moiety having n2 carbon atoms. The alkyl branch is located on the α carbon from
the nitrogen on the alkyl moiety. This type of branching for the amine oxide is also
known in the art as an internal amine oxide. The total sum of n1 and n2 is from 10
to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 20, and more preferably from 10 to 16. The
number of carbon atoms for the one alkyl moiety (n1) should be approximately the same
number of carbon atoms as the one alkyl branch (n2) such that the one alkyl moiety
and the one alkyl branch are symmetric. As used herein "symmetric" means that |n1
- n2| is less than or equal to 5, preferably 4, most preferably from 0 to 4 carbon
atoms in at least 50 wt%, more preferably at least 75 wt% to 100 wt% of the mid-branched
amine oxides for use herein. The amine oxide further comprises two moieties, independently
selected from a C1-3 alkyl, a C1-3 hydroxyalkyl group, or a polyethylene oxide group
containing an average of from 1 to 3 ethylene oxide groups. Preferably, the two moieties
are selected from a C1-3 alkyl, more preferably both are selected as a C1 alkyl.
[0053] Alternatively, the amine oxide surfactant is a mixture of amine oxides comprising
a low-cut amine oxide and a mid-cut amine oxide. The amine oxide of the composition
of the invention then comprises:
- a) from 10% to 45% by weight of the amine oxide of low-cut amine oxide of formula
R1R2R3AO wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyls
or mixtures thereof, and R3 is selected from C10 alkyls or mixtures thereof; and
- b) from 55% to 90% by weight of the amine oxide of mid-cut amine oxide of formula
R4R5R6AO wherein R4 and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyls
or mixtures thereof, and R6 is selected from C12-C16 alkyls or mixtures thereof
[0054] In a preferred low-cut amine oxide for use herein R3 is n-decyl. In another preferred
low-cut amine oxide for use herein R1 and R2 are both methyl. In an especially preferred
low-cut amine oxide for use herein R1 and R2 are both methyl and R3 is n-decyl.
[0055] Preferably, the amine oxide comprises less than 5%, more preferably less than 3%,
by weight of the amine oxide of an amine oxide of formula R7R8R9AO wherein R7 and
R8 are selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyls and mixtures thereof and wherein R9 is
selected from C8 alkyls and mixtures thereof. Compositions comprising R7R8R9AO tend
to be unstable and do not provide very suds mileage.
[0056] Preferably, the zwitterionic surfactant is a betaine surfactant. Suitable betaine
surfactant includes alkyl betaines, alkylamidobetaine, amidazoliniumbetaine, sulfobetaine
(INCI Sultaines) as well as the Phosphobetaine and preferably meets Formula (I):
R
1-[CO-X(CH
2)
n]
x-N
+(R
2)(R
3)-(CH
2)
m-[CH(OH)-CH
2]
y-Y- (I)
wherein
R1 is a saturated or unsaturated C6-22 alkyl residue, preferably C8-18 alkyl residue,
in particular a saturated C10-16 alkyl residue, for example a saturated C12-14 alkyl
residue;
X is NH, NR4 with C1-4 Alkyl residue R4, O or S,
n a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3,
x 0 or 1, preferably 1,
R2, R3 are independently a C1-4 alkyl residue, potentially hydroxy substituted such
as a hydroxyethyl, preferably a methyl.
m a number from 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3,
y 0 or 1 and
Y is COO, SO3, OPO(OR5)O or P(O)(OR5)O, whereby R5 is a hydrogen atom H or a C1-4
alkyl residue.
[0057] Preferred betaines are the alkyl betaines of the Formula (Ia), the alkyl amido propyl
betaine of the Formula (Ib), the Sulfo betaines of the Formula (Ic) and the Amido
sulfobetaine of the Formula (Id):
R
1-N(CH
3)
2-CH
2COO
- (Ia)
R
1-CO-NH(CH
2)
3-N
+(CH
3)
2-CH
2COO
- (Ib)
R
1-N
+(CH
3)
2-CH
2CH(OH)CH
2SO
3- (Ic)
R
1-CO-NH-(CH
2)
3-N
+(CH
3)
2-CH
2CH(OH)CH
2SO
3- (Id)
in which R1 as the same meaning as in Formula (I). Particularly preferred betaines
are the Carbobetaine [wherein Y-=COO-], in particular the Carbobetaine of the Formulae
(Ia) and (Ib), more preferred are the Alkylamidobetaine of the Formula (Ib).
[0058] Examples of suitable betaines and sulfobetaine are the following [designated in accordance
with INCI]: Almondamidopropyl of betaines, Apricotam idopropyl betaines, Avocadamidopropyl
of betaines, Babassuamidopropyl of betaines, Behenam idopropyl betaines, Behenyl of
betaines, betaines, Canolam idopropyl betaines, Capryl/Capram idopropyl betaines,
Carnitine, Cetyl of betaines, Cocamidoethyl of betaines, Cocam idopropyl betaines,
Cocam idopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Coco betaines, Coco Hydroxysultaine, Coco/Oleam idopropyl
betaines, Coco Sultaine, Decyl of betaines, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl
Soy Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Stearyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Tallow Glycinate,
Dimethicone Propyl of PG-betaines, Erucam idopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Hydrogenated
Tallow of betaines, Isostearam idopropyl betaines, Lauram idopropyl betaines, Lauryl
of betaines, Lauryl Hydroxysultaine, Lauryl Sultaine, MiIkam idopropyl betaines, Minkamidopropyl
of betaines, Myristam idopropyl betaines, Myristyl of betaines, Oleam idopropyl betaines,
Oleam idopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Oleyl of betaines, Olivamidopropyl of betaines, Palmam
idopropyl betaines, Palm itam idopropyl betaines, Palmitoyl Carnitine, Palm Kernelam
idopropyl betaines, Polytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl of betaines, Ricinoleam
idopropyl betaines, Sesam idopropyl betaines, Soyam idopropyl betaines, Stearam idopropyl
betaines, Stearyl of betaines, Tallowam idopropyl betaines, Tallowam idopropyl Hydroxysultaine,
Tallow of betaines, Tallow Dihydroxyethyl of betaines, Undecylenam idopropyl betaines
and Wheat Germam idopropyl betaines.
[0059] A preferred betaine is, for example, cocoamidopropylbetaine.
[0060] Preferably, the surfactant system of the composition of the present invention comprises
an anionic surfactant and an amine oxide surfactant, wherein the ratio of the anionic
surfactant to the amine oxide surfactant is from 1:1 to 8:1, preferably from 2:1 to
5:1, even more preferably from 2.5:1 to 4:1.
[0061] Preferably, the surfactant system of the composition of the present invention comprises:
(i) from 60% to 75% by weight of the surfactant system of an alkyl ethoxy sulfate;
(ii) from 15% to 30% by weight of the surfactant system of an amine oxide surfactant;
and (iii) from 3% to 10% by weight of the surfactant system of an alkyl polyglucoside
surfactant having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12, preferably
having a degree of polymerization between 1.2 and 1.6.
[0062] Preferably, the surfactant system of the composition of the present invention further
comprises from 1% to 25%, preferably from 1.25% to 20%, more preferably from 1.5%
to 15%, most preferably from 1.5% to 5% by weight of the surfactant system, of a non-ionic
surfactant. Preferably, the non-ionic surfactant is a linear or branched, primary
or secondary alkyl alkoxylated non-ionic surfactant, preferably an alkyl ethoxylated
non-ionic surfactant, preferably comprising on average from 9 to 15, preferably from
10 to 14 carbon atoms in its alkyl chain and on average from 5 to 12, preferably from
6 to 10, most preferably from 7 to 8, units of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
Amphiphilic Polymer
[0063] The composition of the present invention may further comprise from 0.01% to 5%, preferably
from 0.05% to 2%, more preferably from 0.07% to 1% by weight of the total composition
of an amphiphilic polymer selected from the groups consisting of amphiphilic alkoxylated
polyalkyleneimine, amphiphilic graft polymer and mixtures thereof, preferably an amphiphilic
polyalkyleneimine.
[0064] Preferably, the amphiphilic alkoxylated polyalkyleneimine is an alkoxylated polyethyleneimine
polymer comprising a polyethyleneimine backbone having average molecular weight range
from 100 to 5,000, preferably from 400 to 2,000, more preferably from 400 to 1,000
Daltons and the alkoxylated polyethyleneimine polymer further comprising:
- (i) one or two alkoxylation modifications per nitrogen atom by a polyalkoxylene chain
having an average of 1 to 50 alkoxy moieties per modification, wherein the terminal
alkoxy moiety of the alkoxylation modification is capped with hydrogen, a C1-C4 alkyl
or mixtures thereof;
- (ii) an addition of one C1-C4 alkyl moiety and one or two alkoxylation modifications
per nitrogen atom by a polyalkoxylene chain having an average of 1 to 50 alkoxy moieties
per modification wherein the terminal alkoxy moiety is capped with hydrogen, a C1-C4
alkyl or mixtures thereof; or
- (iii) a combination thereof; and
wherein the alkoxy moieties comprises ethoxy (EO) and/or propxy (PO) and/or butoxy
(BO) and wherein when the alkoxylation modification comprises EO it also comprises
PO or BO.
[0065] Preferred amphiphilic alkoxylated polyethyleneimine polymers comprise EO and PO groups
within their alkoxylation chains, the PO groups preferably being in terminal position
of the alkoxy chains, and the alkoxylation chains preferably being hydrogen capped.
Hydrophilic alkoxylated polyethyleneimine polymers solely comprising ethoxy (EO) units
within the alkoxylation chain could also optionally be formulated within the scope
of this invention.
[0066] For example, but not limited to, below is shown possible modifications to terminal
nitrogen atoms in the polyethyleneimine backbone where R represents an ethylene spacer
and E represents a C1-C4 alkyl moiety and X- represents a suitable water soluble counterion.

[0067] Also, for example, but not limited to, below is shown possible modifications to internal
nitrogenatoms in the polyethyleneimine backbone where R represents an ethylene spacer
and E represents a C
1-C
4 alkyl moiety and X- represents a suitable water soluble counterion.

[0068] The alkoxylation modification of the polyethyleneimine backbone consists of the replacement
of a hydrogen atom by a polyalkoxylene chain having an average of 1 to 50 alkoxy moieties,
preferably from 20 to 45 alkoxy moieties, most preferably from 30 to 45 alkoxy moieties.
The alkoxy moieties are selected from ethoxy (EO), propoxy (PO),butoxy (BO), and mixtures
thereof. Alkoxy moieties solely comprising ethoxy units are outside the scope of the
invention though. Preferably, the polyalkoxylene chain is selected from ethoxy/propoxy
block moieties. More preferably, the polyalkoxylene chain is ethoxy/propoxy block
moieties having an average degree of ethoxylation from 3 to 30 and an average degree
of propoxylation from 1 to 20, more preferably ethoxy/propoxy block moieties having
an average degree of ethoxylation from 20 to 30 and an average degree of propoxylation
from 10 to 20.
[0069] More preferably the ethoxy/propoxy block moieties have a relative ethoxy to propoxy
unit ratio between 3 to 1 and 1 to 1, preferably between 2 to 1 and 1 to 1. Most preferably
the polyalkoxylene chain is the ethoxy/propoxy block moieties wherein the propoxy
moiety block is the terminal alkoxy moiety block.
[0070] The modification may result in permanent quaternization of the polyethyleneimine
backbone nitrogen atoms. The degree of permanent quaternization maybe from 0% to 30%
of the polyethyleneimine backbone nitrogen atoms. It is preferred to have less than
30% of the polyethyleneimine backbone nitrogen atoms permanently quaternized. Most
preferably the degree of quaternization is 0%.
[0071] A preferred polyethyleneimine has the general structure of Formula (II):

wherein the polyethyleneimine backbone has a weight average molecular weight of 600,
n of formula (II) has an average of 10, m of formula (II) has an average of 7 and
R of formula (II) is selected from hydrogen, a C
1-C
4 alkyl and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen. The degree of permanent quaternization
of formula (II) may be from 0% to 22% of the polyethyleneimine backbone nitrogen atoms.
The molecular weight of this polyethyleneimine preferably is between 10,000 and 15,000.
[0072] An alternative polyethyleneimine has the general structure of Formula (II) but wherein
the polyethyleneimine backbone has a weight average molecular weight of 600, n of
Formula (II) has an average of 24, m of Formula (II) has an average of 16 and R of
Formula (II) is selected from hydrogen, a C
1-C
4 alkyl and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen. The degree of permanent quaternization
of Formula (II) may be from 0% to 22% of the polyethyleneimine backbone nitrogen atoms.
The molecular weight of this polyethyleneimine preferably is between 25,000 and 30,000.
[0073] Most preferred polyethyleneimine has the general structure of Formula (II) wherein
the polyethyleneimine backbone has a weight average molecular weight of 600, n of
Formula (II) has an average of 24, m of Formula (II) has an average of 16 and R of
Formula (II) is hydrogen. The degree of permanent quaternization of Formula (II) is
0% of the polyethyleneimine backbone nitrogen atoms. The molecular weight of this
polyethyleneimine preferably is from 25,000 to 30,000, most preferably 28,000.
[0074] These polyethyleneimines can be prepared, for example, by polymerizing ethyleneimine
in the presence of a catalyst such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid,
hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, and the like, as described in more
detail in PCT Publication No.
WO 2007/135645.
[0075] Preferably, the amphiphilic graft polymer herein is a random graft copolymer having
a hydrophilic backbone and hydrophobic side chains. Typically, the hydrophilic backbone
is less than 70%, less than 50%, or from 50% to 2%, or from 45% to 5%, or from 40%
to 10% by weight of the polymer. The backbone preferably contains monomers selected
from the group consisting of unsaturated C3-6 acid, ether, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone
or ester, sugar unit, alkoxy unit, maleic anhydride and saturated polyalcohol such
as glycerol, and a mixture thereof. The hydrophilic backbone may contain acrylic acid,
methacrylic acid, maleic acid, vinyl acetic acid, glucoside, alkylene oxide, glycerol,
or a mixture thereof. The polymer may contain either a linear or branched polyalkylene
oxide backbone with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide. The polyalkylene
oxide backbone may contain more than 80%, or from 80% to 100%, or from 90% to 100%
or from 95% to 100% by weight ethylene oxide. The weight average molecular weight
(Mw) of the polyalkylene oxide backbone is typically from 400 g/mol to 40,000 g/mol,
or from 1,000 g/mol to 18,000 g/mol, or from 3,000 g/mol to 13,500 g/mol, or from
4,000 g/mol to 9,000 g/mol. The polyalkylene backbone may be extended by condensation
with suitable connecting molecules, such as dicarboxylic acids and/or diisocianates.
[0076] The backbone contains a plurality of hydrophobic side chains attached thereto, such
as a C4-25 alkyl group; polypropylene; polybutylene; a vinyl ester of a saturated
monocarboxylic C1-6 acid; and/or a C1-6 alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid.
The hydrophobic side chains may contain, by weight of the hydrophobic side chains,
at least 50% vinyl acetate, or from 50% to 100% vinyl acetate, or from 70% to 100%
vinyl acetate, or from 90% to 100% vinyl acetate. The hydrophobic side chains may
contain, by weight of the hydrophobic side chains, from 70% to 99.9% vinyl acetate,
or from 90% to 99% vinyl acetate. The hydrophobic side chains may also contain, by
weight of the hydrophobic side chains, from 0.1% to 10 % butyl acrylate, or from 1%
to 7% butyl acrylate, or from 2% to 5% butyl acrylate. The hydrophobic side chains
may also contain a modifying monomer, such as styrene, N-vinylpyrrolidone, acrylic
acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, acrylamide, vinyl acetic acid and/or vinyl formamide,
especially styrene and/or N-vinylpyrrolidone, at levels of from 0.1% to 10%, or from
0.1% to 5%, or from 0.5% to 6%, or from 0.5% to 4%, or from 1% to 3%, by weight of
the hydrophobic side chains.
[0077] Preferred graft polymers for the present invention are amphiphilic graft polymers
based on water-soluble polyalkylene oxides (A) as a graft base and side chains formed
by polymerization of a vinyl ester component (B), said polymers having an average
of three, preferably one graft site per 50 alkylene oxide units and mean molar masses
Mw of from 3000 to 100 000.
[0078] A material within this definition, based on polyethylene oxide of molecular weight
6000 (equivalent to 136 ethylene oxide units), containing approximately 3 parts by
weight of vinyl acetate units per 1 part by weight of polyethylene oxide, and having
itself a molecular weight of 24 000, is commercially available from BASF as Sokalan®
HP22.
[0079] The composition of the present invention may further comprise at least one active
selected from the group consisting of: i) a salt, ii) a hydrotrope, iii) an organic
solvent, and mixtures thereof.
Salt
[0080] The composition of the present invention may further comprise from 0.05% to 2%, preferably
from 0.2% to 1.5%, or more preferably from 0.5% to 1%, by weight of the total composition
of a salt, preferably a monovalent, divalent inorganic salt or a mixture thereof,
more preferably sodium chloride, sodium sulphate or a mixture thereof, most preferably
sodium chloride.
Hydrotrope
[0081] The composition of the present invention may further comprise from 0.1% to 10%, or
preferably from 0.5% to 10%, or more preferably from 1% to 6% by weight of the total
composition of a hydrotrope or a mixture thereof, preferably sodium cumene sulfonate.
Organic Solvent
[0082] The composition of the present invention may further comprise an organic solvent.
Suitable organic solvents include C4-14 ethers and diethers, polyols, glycols, alkoxylated
glycols, C6-C16 glycol ethers, alkoxylated aromatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, aliphatic
linear or branched alcohols, alkoxylated aliphatic linear or branched alcohols, alkoxylated
C1-C5 alcohols, C8-C14 alkyl and cycloalkyl hydrocarbons and halohydrocarbons, and
mixtures thereof. Preferably the organic solvents include alcohols, glycols, and glycol
ethers, alternatively alcohols and glycols. The composition comprises from 0% to less
than 50%, preferably from 0.01% to 25%, more preferably from 0.1% to 10%, or most
preferably from 0.5% to 5%, by weight of the total composition of an organic solvent,
preferably an alcohol, more preferably ethanol, a polyalkyleneglycol, more preferably
polypropyleneglycol, and mixtures thereof.
Adjunct Ingredients
[0083] The cleaning composition herein may optionally comprise a number of other adjunct
ingredients such as builders (
e.g., preferably citrate), chelants, conditioning polymers, cleaning polymers, surface
modifying polymers, soil flocculating polymers, structurants, emollients, humectants,
skin rejuvenating actives, enzymes, carboxylic acids, scrubbing particles, bleach
and bleach activators, perfumes, malodor control agents, pigments, dyes, opacifiers,
beads, pearlescent particles, microcapsules, inorganic cations such as alkaline earth
metals such as Ca/Mg-ions, antibacterial agents, preservatives, viscosity adjusters
(
e.g., salt such as NaCl, and other mono-, di- and trivalent salts) and pH adjusters and
buffering means (
e.g. carboxylic acids such as citric acid, HCl, NaOH, KOH, alkanolamines, phosphoric and
sulfonic acids, carbonates such as sodium carbonates, bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates,
borates, silicates, phosphates, imidazole and alike).
[0084] The elements of the composition of the invention described in connexion with the
first aspect of the invention apply
mutatis mutandis to the other aspects of the invention.
Method of Washing
[0085] In another aspect, the invention is directed to a method of manually washing dishware
with the composition of the present invention. The method comprises the steps of delivering
a composition of the present invention onto the soiled dishware or a cleaning implement.
The composition can be pre-dissolved in a sink of water to create an aqueous washing
solution and the soiled dishware is immersed in the aqueous washing solution. The
dishware can be cleaned with the composition in the presence of water. Optionally,
the dishware can be rinsed. By "rinsing", it is meant herein contacting the dishware
cleaned with the process according to the present invention with substantial quantities
of appropriate solvent, typically water, after the step of applying the liquid composition
herein onto said dishware. By "substantial quantities", it is meant usually 1 to 20
liters.
[0086] The composition herein can be applied in its diluted form. Soiled dishware are contacted
with an effective amount, typically from 0.5 mL to 20 mL (per 25 dishes being treated),
preferably from 3mL to 10 mL, of the cleaning composition, preferably in liquid form,
of the present invention diluted in water. The actual amount of cleaning composition
used will be based on the judgment of the user, and will typically depend upon factors
such as the particular product formulation of the cleaning composition, including
the concentration of active ingredients in the cleaning composition, the number of
soiled dishes to be cleaned, the degree of soiling on the dishes, and the like. Generally,
from 0.01 mL to 150 mL, preferably from 3 mL to 40 mL of a cleaning composition of
the invention is combined with from 2,000 mL to 20,000 mL, more typically from 5,000
mL to 15,000 mL of water in a sink having a volumetric capacity in the range of from
1,000 mL to 20,000 mL, more typically from 5,000 mL to 15,000 mL. The soiled dishware
are immersed in the sink containing the diluted cleaning compositions then obtained,
where contacting the soiled surface of the dishware with a cloth, sponge, or similar
cleaning implement cleans them. The cloth, sponge, or similar cleaning implement may
be immersed in the cleaning composition and water mixture prior to being contacted
with the dishware, and is typically contacted with the dishware for a period of time
ranged from 1 to 10 seconds, although the actual time will vary with each application
and user. The contacting of cloth, sponge, or similar cleaning implement to the dishware
is preferably accompanied by a concurrent scrubbing of the dishware.
[0087] More preferably the neat dishwashing detergent product can also be applied directly
on the dishware, or more preferably directly on an optionally but preferably pre-wetted
cleaning implement, preferably a pre-wetted sponge. Typically, between 0.1 mL and
25 mL, rather between 1 mL and 10 mL of the dishwashing detergent product is dosed
by the consumer on the sponge. This pre-wetted detergent carrying sponge is consequently
contacted with optionally pre-wetted dishware to be cleaned. The cleaning action can
be performed under a tap of running water such that applied detergent and removed
soil can be rinsed off the dishware. Alternatively, the cleaning action can be done
without running water, followed by a consequent rinsing step to remove the applied
detergent and soil from the dishware.
[0088] Another aspect of the present invention is directed to use of a hand dishwashing
cleaning composition of the present invention for providing good sudsing profile,
including flash suds in a hand dishwashing process and/or for providing stable suds,
especially when applied on a cleaning implement,
e.g., sponge, upon dilution with wash water during the rinse process. The composition preferably
provides the stable suds as having a static yield stress between 9 Pa and 12 Pa at
from 10% down to 0.5% product concentration in demineralized water and 20°C, as measured
using the method described herein.
TEST METHODS
[0089] The following assays set forth must be used in order that the invention described
and claimed herein may be more fully understood.
Test Method 1: Viscosity
[0090] The rheology profile is measured using a "Brookfield RVT" viscometer. The neat viscosity
is measured at 25°C, spindle 21 and RPM: 20.
Test Method 2: Foam Rheology Test
[0091] The foam rheology test aims at measuring physical characteristics of foam, representative
for foam consistency and overall consumer acceptability of the foam generated from
a detergent composition when applied and agitated on a sponge through manual squeezing
action.
[0092] When measuring the foam rheology for different product concentrations, the sustainability
of foam aesthetics for the product upon dilution with wash water throughout the wash
process is also determined. The test is conducted by the following steps:
- 1. For each test product, 30 g of aqueous wash solutions (15 dH water hardness, 20°C)
of the targeted product concentrations (e.g., 10%, 1%, 0.5%) are prepared.
- 2. Synthetic dishwashing sponges (Brand : Delhaize Belgium scour sponges with grip
- dimensions: length 9.5cm, width 6.5cm and height 4.5cm, item number 17152/0000)
are pre-conditioned by washing them without detergent during 3 cycles of 32 mins at
40°C and 15 dH water hardness in a laundry washing machine (Brand: Miele Softronic
W3205 - Express cycle).
- 3. The washed sponges are left to dry for 2 days under a fume food (Brand: Kötermann
type 2-453-GAHB) with air flow 0.64 m/sec under standard lab conditions (e.g., 20-22°C, 40-60% rH).
- 4. The respective 30 g wash solution is distributed homogeneously over the soft side
opposite to the scouring side of the dry sponge, allowing the wash solution to completely
submerge into the sponge for 20 seconds.
- 5. While wearing latex lab gloves and while holding the scouring side down, the sponge
is manually squeezed 5 times with maximum power (i.e., frequency 1 squeeze per second) after which the generated foam on the sponge is collected
in a cup and transferred with a spatula onto the serrated peltier plate of the rheometer
(TA Rheometer DHR1) such that the entire serrated peltier plate surface is covered
with foam.
- 6. The foam rheology is measured with a serrated parallel plate (both top and bottom
serrated geometry) at a gap of 1000 µm and following a peak hold procedure at 20°C,
at shear rate 1/s with a duration of 300 seconds measuring 600 data points (stress
constant = 79577.5 Pa/N.m, strain constraint = 20 1/rad). The value measured after
1 second is reported as the static yield stress.
- 7. 3 replicates are run for each test product at each product concentration and the
measured static yield stress values are averaged per product and per product concentration.
For each product concentration and replicate, a new dry sponge is used and all tests
are run by the same expert operator.
[0093] The Δ Yield Stress between 2 different product concentrations is calculated by subtracting
the Static Yield Stress value of the lower product concentration from the Static Yield
Stress value of the higher product concentration, according to the formula described
below :

EXAMPLES
[0094] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention and
are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations
of the present invention are possible without departing from its spirit or scope.
Example 1: Cleaning Composition comprising Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant and Comparative
Compositions
[0095] The ability of a cleaning composition to maintain its suds aesthetics upon dilution
has been assessed for a cleaning composition comprising the alkyl polyglucoside surfactant
of the invention (Inventive Composition 1). In parallel, comparative compositions
are prepared by replacing the alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of the invention with
the following: i) demineralized water (Comparative Composition 1); or ii) a larger
alkyl chain alkyl polyglucoside (Comparative Example 2). The foregoing compositions
are produced through standard mixing of the components described in Table 1.
Table 1 - Inventive and Comparative Compositions
| Ingredients (wt% as 100% active) |
Inventive Composition 1 |
Comparative Composition 1 |
Comparative Composition 2 |
| Surfactant |
| C1213AE0.6S (20.96% branching) |
18.66% |
20.13% |
18.66% |
| C1214 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide |
6.22% |
6.71% |
6.22% |
| C1012Alkylpolyglucoside ** (APG : Glucopon® GD70) * |
2% |
- |
1% |
| C1214Alkylpolyglucoside *** (APG : Glucopon® 600CSUP) * |
- |
- |
1% |
| Solvent |
| ethanol |
1.5% |
1.5% |
2.5% |
| Polypropyleneglycol (MW2000) |
1% |
1.15% |
1% |
| Electrolyte |
| NaCl |
0.8% |
0.8% |
0.8% |
| Na-citrate |
- |
0.5% |
- |
| Balance |
| Water and minors (dye, perfume, preservative) |
To 100% |
To 100% |
To 100% |
| Physical Properties |
| pH |
8.96 |
9.04 |
8.96 |
* Commercially available from BASF.
** C10C12Alkylpolyglucoside means that the average carbon chain length is in between
C10 and C12.
*** C12C14Alkylpolyglucoside means that the average carbon chain length is in between
C12 and C14. |
Example 1a: Foam Rheology Profile of Inventive and Comparative Compositions
[0096] The resultant compositions including the Inventive Composition 1 and Comparative
Compositions 1-2 are assessed according to the Foam Rheology test method as described
herein. The yield stress results of the test are summarized in Table 2. The data clearly
shows that a product comprising the APG surfactant according to the invention (Inventive
Composition 1) builds the desired foam rheology and is able to sustain it better upon
dilution contrary to products outside the scope of the invention not comprising the
APG surfactant of the invention (Comparative Composition 1) or a product comprising
a longer chain APG surfactant (Comparative Composition 2).
[0097] Indeed, as the data shows, the foam rheology of Inventive Composition 1 at a 10%
dilution gives a yield stress value within the consumer desired 9 to 12 Pa range,
contrary to the Comparative Compositions exceeding the consumer desired yield stress
range.
[0098] Furthermore, the yield stress value, and hence foam rheology / foam aesthetics, is
better sustained upon further dilution for the Inventive Composition 1 versus Comparative
Compositions 1 & 2.
Table 2 - Static Yield Stress Results/ Foam Rheology Performance
| |
Inventive Composition 1 |
Comparative Composition 1 |
Comparative Composition 2 |
| Static Yield Stress (Pa) |
| 10% product concentration |
11.21 |
14.07 |
14.60 |
| 1% product concentration |
10.21 |
11.44 |
10.46 |
| 0.5% product concentration |
9.55 |
9.67 |
8.59 |
| Δ Yield Stress (Pa) |
| Δ Yield Stress (10%-1%) |
1.00 |
2.63 |
4.14 |
| Δ Yield Stress (10%-0.5%) |
1.66 |
4.4 |
6.01 |
| Δ Yield Stress (1%-0.5%) |
0.66 |
1.77 |
1.87 |
[0099] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly
limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified,
each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40
mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm."
1. A hand dishwashing cleaning composition comprising:
a) from 5% to 50%, preferably from 8% to 45%, more preferably from 15% to 40% by weight
of the total composition of a surfactant system comprising:
(i) from 1% to 20%, preferably from 2% to 15%, more preferably from 3% to 10%, by
weight of the surfactant system of an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant, wherein the
alkyl polyglucoside surfactant comprises a mixture of:
(a) 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, even more preferably
90% or more by weight of the total alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of a first alkyl
polyglucoside surfactant having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and
12, preferably between 10.1 and 11.9; and
(b) 40% or less, preferably 30% or less, more preferably 20% or less, even more preferably
10% or less by weight of the total alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of a second alkyl
polyglucoside surfactant having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 12 and
16, preferably between 12 and 14, preferably between 12.1 and 13.9;
(ii) from 5% to 40%, preferably from 10% to 35%, more preferably from 15% to 30%,
by weight of the surfactant system of one or more amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic
surfactant, or mixtures thereof; preferably amphoteric surfactant or a mixture thereof,
and
(iii) from 50% to 85%, preferably from 55% to 80%, more preferably from 60% to 75%,
by weight of the surfactant system of an anionic surfactant or mixtures thereof; and
b) from 50% to 85%, preferably from 50% to 75% by weight of the total composition
of water.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the alkyl polyglucoside surfactant comprises
100% by weight of the total alkyl polyglucoside surfactant of the first alkyl polyglucoside
surfactant having an average alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12, and wherein
the alkyl polyglucoside surfactant has an average degree of polymerization of between
0.1 and 3, preferably between 0.5 and 2.5, more preferably between 1 and 2, and most
preferably between 1.2 and 1.6.
3. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the surfactant system
comprises: (ii) from 5% to 40% by weight of the surfactant system of an amphoteric
surfactant that is an amine oxide surfactant, preferably the amine oxide surfactant
is selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyl amine oxide, linear
or branched alkyl amidopropyl amine oxide, and mixtures thereof, preferably linear
alkyl dimethyl amine oxide, more preferably linear C10 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide,
linear C12-C14 alkyl dimethyl amine oxide and mixtures thereof, most preferably C12-C14
alkyl dimethyl amine oxide.
4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the surfactant system
comprises: (ii) from 5% to 40% by weight of the surfactant system of a zwitterionic
surfactant that is a betaine surfactant, preferably cocoamidopropyl betaine surfactant.
5. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the anionic surfactant
is selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfate, alkyl alkoxy sulfate and mixtures
thereof, preferably wherein the alkyl alkoxy sulfate is an alkyl ethoxy sulfate, more
preferably an alkyl ethoxy sulfate with an average degree of ethoxylation of less
than 5, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2 and more than 0.5, and
an average level of branching of from 5% to 60%, preferably from 10% to 55%, more
preferably from 15% to 50%, even more preferably from 20% to 45%, most preferably
from 25% to 45%.
6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant system comprises:
(i) from 3% to 10%, by weight of the surfactant system of an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant,
wherein the alkyl polyglucoside surfactant comprises 100% by weight of the total alkyl
polyglucoside surfactant of the first alkyl polyglucoside surfactant having an average
alkyl carbon chain length between 10 and 12;
(ii) from 15% to 30%, by weight of the surfactant system of an amphoteric surfactant
that is an amine oxide surfactant; and
(iii) from 60% to 75%, by weight of the surfactant system of an anionic surfactant
that is an alkyl ethoxy sulfate.
7. The composition according to any of the preceding claims further comprising from 1%
to 25%, preferably from 1.25% to 20%, more preferably from 1.5% to 15%, most preferably
from 1.5% to 5%, by weight of the surfactant system of a non-ionic surfactant, preferably
an alkyl ethoxylated non-ionic surfactant, preferably comprising on average from 9
to 15 preferably from 10 to 14 carbon atoms in its alkyl chain and on average from
5 to 12, preferably from 6 to 10, more preferably from 7 to 8, units of ethylene oxide
per mole of alcohol.
8. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising from
0.05% to 2%, by weight of the total composition of an amphiphilic polymer selected
from the group consisting of amphiphilic alkoxylated polyalkyleneimine, amphiphilic
graft polymer and mixtures thereof, wherein the amphiphilic alkoxylated polyalkyleneimine
is an alkoxylated polyethyleneimine polymer comprising a polyethyleneimine backbone
having average molecular weight range from 100 to 5,000, preferably from 400 to 2,000,
more preferably from 400 to 1,000 Daltons and the alkoxylated polyethyleneimine polymer
further comprising:
(i) one or two alkoxylation modifications per nitrogen atom by a polyalkoxylene chain
having an average of 1 to 50 alkoxy moieties per modification, wherein the terminal
alkoxy moiety of the alkoxylation modification is capped with hydrogen, a C1-C4 alkyl
or mixtures thereof;
(ii) an addition of one C1-C4 alkyl moiety and one or two alkoxylation modifications
per nitrogen atom by a polyalkoxylene chain having an average of 1 to 50 alkoxy moieties
per modification wherein the terminal alkoxy moiety is capped with hydrogen, a C1-C4
alkyl or mixtures thereof; or
(iii) a combination thereof; and
wherein the alkoxy moieties comprises ethoxy (EO) and/or propxy (PO) and/or butoxy
(BO) and wherein when the alkoxylation modification comprises EO it also comprises
PO or BO.
9. The composition according to any of the preceding claims further comprising at least
one active selected from the group consisting of: i) from 0.05% to 2%, preferably
0.1% to 1.5%, more preferably 0.5% to 1% by weight of the total composition of a salt,
preferably a monovalent, divalent inorganic salt or a mixture thereof, preferably
sodium chloride, sodium sulfate or a mixture thereof, most preferably sodium chloride;
ii) from 1% to 10% by weight of the total composition of a hydrotrope or a mixture
thereof, preferably sodium cumene sulfonate; iii) from 0.01% to 25% by weight of the
total composition of an organic solvent, preferably an alcohol, more preferably ethanol,
a polyalkyleneglycol, more preferably polypropyleneglycol; and iv) mixtures thereof.
10. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition
has a pH range of from 6 to 14, preferably from 7 to 12, more preferably 7.5 to 10,
as measured at 10% dilution in distilled water at 20°C.
11. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition
has a viscosity of from 10 mPa·s to 10,000 mPa·s, preferably from 100 mPa·s to 5,000
mPa·s, more preferably from 300 mPa·s to 2,000 mPa·s, most preferably from 500 mPa·s
to 1,500 mPa·s, as measured on a Brookfield RVT Viscometer using spindle 21 at 20
RPM at 25°C.
12. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of anionic
surfactant to amine oxide surfactant is from 1:1 to 8:1, preferably from 2:1 to 5:1,
even more preferably from 2.5:1 to 4:1.
13. A method of manually washing dishware comprising the step of contacting the composition
according to any of claims 1 to 12 in undiluted form with the dishware.
14. A method of manually washing dishware comprising the steps of:
i) delivering a composition according to any of claims 1 to 12 onto soiled dishware
or a cleaning implement, preferably a cleaning implement, more preferably a sponge;
ii) cleaning the dishware with the composition in the presence of water; and
iii) optionally, rinsing the dishware.
15. Use of a hand dishwashing cleaning composition according to any of claims 1 to 12
for the generation of flash suds in a hand dishwashing process and/or for providing
stable suds, preferably wherein the composition provides the stable suds as having
a static yield stress between 9 Pa and 12 Pa at from 10% down to 0.5% product concentration
in demineralized water and 20°C, as measured using the method described herein.