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(11) | EP 3 434 390 A1 |
| (12) | EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION |
| published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC |
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| (54) | FLASKLESS MOLDING MACHINE |
| (57) A flaskless molding machine includes: an upper flask and a lower flask that can clamp
a match plate; an upper sand tank that is disposed above the upper flask, is open
at a lower end, and internally stores mold sand; an upper plate that is attached to
a lower end of the upper sand tank, with a supply port being formed in the upper plate,
and can enter and be retracted from the inside of the upper flask; a first lower sand
tank that internally stores the mold sand, and has a first communication port for
discharging the mold sand; a second lower sand tank that is disposed below the lower
flask, is open at an upper end thereof, has a second communication port capable of
communicating with the first communication port of the first lower sand tank, and
stores the mold sand; a lower plate that is attached to an upper end of the second
lower sand tank, with a supply port being formed in the lower plate, and can enter
and be retracted from the inside of the lower flask; a drive unit that moves the second
lower sand tank in a vertical direction; and an adjustment drive unit that moves the
first lower sand tank in the vertical direction. |
Technical Field
Background Art
[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a flaskless molding machine that forms a flaskless type mold that does not have any flask. This molding machine includes: a pair of an upper flask and a lower flask that clamp a match plate where a model is disposed; a supply mechanism that supplies mold sand; and a squeeze mechanism that compresses the mold sand. The molding machine moves the lower flask close to the upper flask, and causes the upper flask and the lower flask to clamp the match plate. In this state, the molding machine operates the supply mechanism, thereby supplying mold sand into upper and lower molding spaces formed by the upper flask and the lower flask. The molding machine operates the squeeze mechanism, thereby compressing the mold sand in the upper and lower molding spaces. Through the process described above, an upper mold and a lower mold are simultaneously formed.
[0003] The supply mechanism of the molding machine supplies the mold sand to the upper and lower molding spaces using compressed air. The supply mechanism includes an upper sand tank that communicates with a compressed air source and stores mold sand, and an upper blow head that is disposed above the upper flask and statically communicates with the upper sand tank. The compressed air blown from the compressed air source supplies the upper blow head with the mold sand stored in the upper sand tank, and supplies the mold sand at the upper blow head to the upper molding space defined by the upper flask. Likewise, the supply mechanism includes a lower sand tank that communicates with the compressed air source and stores mold sand, and a lower blow head that is disposed below the lower flask, moves vertically, and communicates with the lower sand tank at a predetermined position. The compressed air blown from the compressed air source supplies the lower blow head with the mold sand stored in the lower sand tank, and supplies the mold sand at the lower blow head to the lower flask.
[0004] The squeeze mechanism of the flaskless molding machine includes an upper squeeze cylinder and a lower squeeze cylinder that vertically face with each other. The upper squeeze cylinder applies a downward pressure to the mold sand in the upper molding space, and the lower squeeze cylinder applies an upward pressure to the mold sand in the lower molding space. Accordingly, the hardness of the mold sand is increased.
Citation List
Patent Document
Summary of Invention
Technical Problem
[0006] In the flaskless molding machine described in Patent Document 1, since the thickness of the mold to be formed is changed according to the model shape and the CB (compactability) of the mold sand, the height of a target of the lower blow head is changed according to the thickness of the mold. Consequently, there is a possibility that the communication port of the lower blow head and the communication port of the lower sand tank deviate from each other in certain situations. In this case, the flow of the mold sand is not uniform. Accordingly, there is a possibility that sand clogging occurs in the lower sand tank. Such sand clogging can be avoided by using mold sand having a low CB. However, the mold sand adjusted to have a low CB is not the optimal mold sand with respect to the moldabilities of the molds and the qualities of casting products in some cases. In this technical field, a flaskless molding machine that forms excellent molds and casting products is desired.
Solution to Problem
[0007] A flaskless molding machine according to one aspect of the present invention is a flaskless molding machine forming a flaskless upper mold and lower mold, including: a upper flask; a lower flask disposed below the upper flask and capable of clamping a match plate with the upper flask; an upper sand tank disposed above the upper flask, communicating with a compressed air source, being open at a lower end thereof, and internally storing mold sand; an upper plate attached to a lower end of the upper sand tank, with at least one supply port being formed in the upper plate, the supply port allowing the upper sand tank to communicate with an inside of the upper flask; a first lower sand tank communicating with a compressed air source, internally storing mold sand, and having a first communication port for discharging the stored mold sand; a second lower sand tank disposed below the lower flask, being open at an upper end thereof, having a second communication port capable of communicating with the first communication port of the first lower sand tank, and storing the mold sand supplied from the first lower sand tank and to be supplied into the lower flask; a lower plate attached to an upper end of the second lower sand tank, with at least one supply port being formed in the lower plate, the supply port allowing the second lower sand tank to communicate with an inside of the lower flask; a drive unit configured to move the second lower sand tank in a vertical direction, and allowing the upper plate and the lower plate to perform squeezing; and an adjustment drive unit configured to move the first lower sand tank in the vertical direction.
[0008] In the flaskless molding machine according to the one aspect of the present invention, the sand tank that supplies the mold sand to the lower flask is divided into the first lower sand tank and the second lower sand tank, the second lower sand tank is moved in the vertical direction by the drive unit, and the first lower sand tank is moved in the vertical direction by the adjustment drive unit. The first lower sand tank and the second lower sand tank are independently, vertically movable as described above. Consequently, the height of the first communication port of the first lower sand tank can be adjusted in such a way as to coincide with the height of the second communication port of the second lower sand tank. Accordingly, the flow of mold sand at the communication portion between the first communication port and the second communication port becomes uniform, and occurrence of sand clogging can be suppressed. Consequently, the need to adjust the CB of mold sand in consideration of sand clogging is negated. The mold sand optimal to the moldability of a mold and the quality of a casting product can be used. Resultantly, the excellent mold and casting product can be obtained.
[0009] In one embodiment, an upper molding space for molding the upper mold may be formed by the upper plate, the upper flask and the match plate, and the upper molding space may be filled with the mold sand stored in the upper sand tank, through the upper plate, and a lower molding space for molding the lower mold may be formed by the lower plate attached to the second lower sand tank moved by the drive unit to a predetermined height, the lower flask and the match plate, a height of the first communication port of the first lower sand tank may be adjusted by the adjustment drive unit to a communication position of the second communication port of the second lower sand tank to supply the mold sand stored in the first lower sand tank to the second lower sand tank, and the lower molding space may be filled with the mold sand stored in the second lower sand tank, through the lower plate, and in a state where the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled with the mold sand, the drive unit may move the second lower sand tank upward to perform squeezing between the upper plate and the lower plate.
[0010] In such a configuration, only the divided second lower sand tank is vertically moved, thereby allowing mold sand filling and squeezing to be achieved at the lower flask. Consequently, in comparison with a case where an integral sand tank for the lower flask is adopted, the inclination due to a load imbalance can be reduced.
[0011] The flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment, may include a lower filling frame, wherein the lower molding space may be formed by the lower plate, the lower flask, the lower filling frame and the match plate. In such a configuration, the stroke of the lower flask can be short. Consequently, the flaskless molding machine can be a molding machine having a low machine height in comparison with a case without the lower filling frame, and the molding time of the pair of the upper mold and the lower mold can be reduced.
[0012] In one embodiment, the upper sand tank and the first lower sand tank may be provided with permeation members each having a plurality of pores on an inner surface thereof, the pores allowing compressed air to flow. In such a configuration, the compressed air is supplied to a storage space from the side through the entire surfaces of the permeation members. Consequently, the fluidity of mold sand is improved. In this state, the mold sand is then blown into the upper flask or the lower flask by the compressed air, thereby allowing the blowing resistance of the mold sand to be reduced. Consequently, the power consumption of the compressed air source can be suppressed, and occurrence of sand clogging can be suppressed.
[0013] In one embodiment, an inner surface of the at least one supply port of the upper plate may be inclined so that an opening on a lower surface of the upper plate can be narrower than an opening on an upper surface of the upper plate. In such a configuration, the mold sand residing in the supply port can be solidified by the squeeze force to an extent of not falling due to the gravity after squeezing.
[0014] In one embodiment, an upper surface of the upper plate may be provided with a protrusion having an inclined surface inclined toward the at least one supply port of the upper plate. In such a configuration, the mold sand is guided to the supply port by the protrusion, which can prevent the mold sand from being stagnant around the supply port.
[0015] The flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment may further include a nozzle disposed on a lower surface of the upper plate, and communicating with the at least one supply port. In such a configuration, supply in conformity with the shape of the model can be achieved by adjusting the direction of the nozzle.
[0016] In one embodiment, the at least one supply port of the upper plate may include a plurality of supply ports, and a block plate blocking a supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports may be disposed on a lower surface of the upper plate. In such a configuration, the supply port through which the mold sand is to be supplied can be selected according to the presence or absence of the block plate, thereby allowing supply to be performed in conformity with the shape of the model.
[0017] In one embodiment, an inner surface of the at least one supply port of the lower plate may be inclined so that an opening on an upper surface of the lower plate can be narrower than an opening on a lower surface of the lower plate. In such a configuration, the supply port can be prevented from being clogged with the sand at the next sand supply.
[0018] In one embodiment, a lower surface of the lower plate may be provided with a protrusion having an inclined surface inclined toward the at least one supply port of the lower plate. In such a configuration, the mold sand is guided to the supply port by the protrusion, which can prevent the mold sand from being stagnant around the supply port.
[0019] The flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment may further include a nozzle disposed on an upper surface of the lower plate, and communicating with the at least one supply port. In such a configuration, supply in conformity with the shape of the model can be achieved by adjusting the direction of the nozzle.
[0020] In one embodiment, the at least one supply port of the lower plate may include a plurality of supply ports, and a block plate blocking a supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports may be disposed on an upper surface of the lower plate. In such a configuration, the supply port through which the mold sand is to be supplied can be selected according to the presence or absence of the block plate, thereby allowing supply to be performed in conformity with the shape of the model.
[0021] In one embodiment, the upper flask, the lower flask and the second lower sand tank may be movably attached to four guides. In such a configuration, the movement of the upper flask, the lower flask and the second lower sand tank is stabilized. Accordingly, squeezing can be stably performed. Consequently, the performance of model-stripping is improved. Resultantly, the excellent mold and casting product can be obtained.
[0022] In one embodiment, the first communication port and the second communication port may communicate with each other on a communication plane along the vertical direction, a distal end of the first lower sand tank where the first communication port is formed may be provided with a first block plate extending in the vertical direction, and a side portion of the second lower sand tank where the second communication port is formed may be provided with a second block plate extending in the vertical direction. In such a configuration, the second communication port can be blocked with the first block plate, and the first communication port can be blocked with the second block plate, even if the heights of the first communication port and the second communication port are different from each other. Consequently, the mold sand can be prevented from flowing from the sand tank.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
[0023] According to the various aspects and embodiments of the present invention, a flaskless molding machine that forms excellent molds and casting products is provided.
Brief Description of Drawings
[0024]
Figure 1 is a perspective view on a front side of a flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment.
Figure 2 is a front view of the flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram on the left side of the flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment.
Figure 4 is a partial sectional view in a state where a first lower sand tank and a second lower sand tank communicate with each other.
Figure 5 is a plan view in the state where the first lower sand tank and the second lower sand tank communicate with each other.
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a first communication port of the first lower sand tank.
Figure 7 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a sealing mechanism.
Figure 8 is a perspective view on an upper surface side of a lower plate.
Figure 9 is a perspective view on a lower surface side of the lower plate.
Figure 10 is a sectional view taken along line X-X of Figure 8.
Figure 11 is a perspective view on the lower surface side of an upper plate.
Figure 12 is a perspective view on the upper surface side of the upper plate.
Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of Figure 11.
Figure 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a bush.
Figure 15 is a sectional view of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is a plan view illustrating detachment of the bush.
Figure 17 is a sectional view illustrating detachment of the bush.
Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating a molding process of the flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment.
Figure 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating a shuttle-in process.
Figure 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flask setting process.
Figure 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating an aeration process.
Figure 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating a squeeze process.
Figure 23 is a schematic diagram illustrating a model-stripping process.
Figure 24 is a schematic diagram illustrating a shuttle-out process.
Figure 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flask alignment process.
Figure 26 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flask-stripping process.
Figure 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first flask separating process (first half).
Figure 28 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mold extrusion process.
Figure 29 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second flask separating process (latter half).
Figure 30 is a functional block diagram of a control device of the flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment.
Figure 31 is a top view showing one example of a first detector.
Figure 32 is a front view showing the example of the first detector.
Figure 33 is a flowchart illustrating a target setting process of the flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment.
Description of Embodiments
[0025] Hereinafter, embodiments are described with reference to the drawings. The identical or corresponding portions in the diagrams are assigned identical signs, and redundant description is omitted. Hereinafter, the horizontal directions are assumed as X-axis and Y-axis directions, and the vertical direction (upward and downward direction) is assumed as a Z-axis direction.
[Overview of flaskless molding machine]
[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view on a front side of a flaskless molding machine 1 according to one embodiment. The flaskless molding machine 1 is a molding machine that forms a flaskless upper mold and lower mold. As shown in Figure 1, the flaskless molding machine 1 includes a molding unit A1, and a conveyance unit A2. In the molding unit A1, an upper flask and a lower flask that have box shapes and are movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) are disposed. The conveyance unit A2 introduces a match plate where models are arranged, to the molding unit A1. The upper flask and the lower flask of the molding unit A1 are moved to be close to each other, and clamp the match plate. The inside of the upper flask and the inside of the lower flask are filled with mold sand. The mold sand filled in the upper flask and the lower flask are pressurized in the vertical direction by a squeeze mechanism included in the molding unit A1, and the upper mold and the lower mold are simultaneously formed. Subsequently, an upper mold and a lower mold are stripped from the upper flask and the lower flask, respectively, and are conveyed to the outside of the machine. As described above, the flaskless molding machine 1 forms the flaskless upper mold and lower mold.
[Frame structure]
[0027] Figure 2 is a front view of the flaskless molding machine 1 according to one embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram on the left side of the flaskless molding machine 1 according to one embodiment. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the flaskless molding machine 1 includes an upper frame 10, a lower frame 11, and four guides 12 that connect the upper frame 10 and the lower frame 11. As for the guides 12, their upper ends are connected to the upper frame 10, and their lower ends are connected to the lower frame 11. The frame of the molding unit A1 described above is made up of the upper frame 10, the lower frame 11 and the four guides 12.
[0028] On a side of the frame of the molding unit A1 (in the negative direction on the X-axis), a support frame 13 (Figure 2) of the conveyance unit A2 is disposed. Furthermore, on a side of the frame of the molding unit A1 (the positive direction on the Y-axis), a support frame 14 (Figure 3) extending in the vertical direction is disposed. The support frame 14 supports a first lower sand tank described later.
[Upper flask and lower flask]
[0029] The flaskless molding machine 1 includes an upper flask 15. The upper flask 15 is a box-shaped frame where the upper end and the lower end are open. The upper flask 15 is movably attached to the four guides 12. The upper flask 15 is supported by an upper flask cylinder 16 attached to the upper frame 10, and vertically moves along the guides 12 according to the operation of the upper flask cylinder 16.
[0030] The flaskless molding machine 1 includes a lower flask 17 disposed below the upper flask 15. The lower flask 17 is a box-shaped frame where the upper end and the lower end are open. The lower flask 17 is movably attached to the four guides 12. The lower flask 17 is supported by two lower flask cylinders 18 (Figure 2) attached to the upper frame 10, and vertically moves along the guides 12 according to the operation of the lower flask cylinders 18. Hereinafter, a region encircled by the guides 12 is also called a formation position.
[0031] A match plate 19 is introduced between the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17, from the conveyance unit A2. The match plate 19 is a plate-shaped member with models being disposed on both the surfaces thereof, and moves to and from between the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17. According to a specific example, the support frame 13 of the conveyance unit A2 includes rails toward a formation position, a conveyance plate 20 having rollers disposed on the rails, and a conveyance cylinder 21 that operates the conveyance plate 20. The match plate 19 is disposed on the conveyance plate 20, and is disposed at the formation position between the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17 by the operation of the conveyance cylinder 21. The upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17 can clamp the disposed match plate 19, in the vertical direction. Hereinafter, a region on the support frame 13 is also called a retracted position.
[Sand tank]
[0032] The flaskless molding machine 1 includes an upper sand tank 22 disposed above the upper flask 15. The upper sand tank 22 is attached to the upper frame 10. More specifically, the upper sand tank 22 is statically fixed to the upper frame 10. The upper sand tank 22 internally stores mold sand to be supplied to the upper flask 15. The upper sand tank 22 is open at its upper end and lower end. The upper end of the upper sand tank 22 is provided with a slide gate 23 that slides a plate-shaped shield member in the horizontal direction (the positive and negative directions on the X-axis). The upper sand tank 22 is configured so that its upper end can be opened and closed by the operation of the slide gate 23. A mold sand loading chute 24 that loads mold sand is fixedly disposed above the upper sand tank 22. The mold sand loading chute 24 is described later. When the slide gate 23 is in an open state, the mold sand is supplied through the mold sand loading chute 24 to the upper sand tank 22.
[0033] The lower end of the upper sand tank 22 is open, and an upper plate 25 (Figure 3) is attached to the opening at the lower end. The upper plate 25 is a plate-shaped member, and has at least one supply port through which the upper sand tank 22 and the inside of the upper flask 15 communicate with each other. The mold sand in the upper sand tank 22 is supplied through the supply port of the upper plate 25 into the upper flask 15. The upper plate 25 has a size substantially identical to the size of the opening of the upper flask 15. The upper flask 15 moves in the upward direction, thereby causing the upper plate 25 to enter the inside of the upper flask 15. The upper flask 15 moves in the downward direction, thereby retracting the upper plate 25 from the upper flask 15. As described above, the upper plate 25 is configured to be capable of entering and being retracted from the inside of the upper flask 15. The details of the upper plate 25 are described later.
[0034] The upper sand tank 22 communicates with a compressed air source (not shown). According to a specific example, the upper sand tank 22 communicates, at its upper portion, with a pipe 26 (Figure 2) for supplying compressed air, and communicates with the compressed air source through the pipe 26. The pipe 26 is provided with an electro-pneumatic proportional valve 27 (Figure 2). The electro-pneumatic proportional valve 27 not only switches supply and stop of compressed air but also automatically adjusts the valve opening degree according to the pressure on the output side. Accordingly, the compressed air at a predetermined pressure is supplied to the upper sand tank 22. When the slide gate 23 is in a closed state, the compressed air supplied from the upper portion of the upper sand tank 22 is blown toward the lower portion of the upper sand tank 22. The mold sand in the upper sand tank 22 is supplied, together with the compressed air, through the supply port of the upper plate 25 into the upper flask 15.
[0035] The upper sand tank 22 is provided, on its inner surface, with a permeation member 22a (Figure 3) having a plurality of pores that allow the compressed air to pass. Accordingly, the compressed air is supplied through the entire surface of the permeation member 22a to the entire inner space, thereby improving the fluidity of the mold sand. The permeation member 22a may be formed of a porous material. The upper sand tank 22 communicates, at its side portion, with a pipe (not shown) for supplying compressed air, and a pipe 29 (Figure 2) for discharging the compressed air. The pipe 29 is provided with a filter that does not allow the mold sand to pass but allows the compressed air to pass, and can prevent the mold sand from being discharged to the outside of the upper sand tank 22.
[0036] The flaskless molding machine 1 includes a lower sand tank that stores mold sand to be supplied into the lower flask 17. According to an example, the lower sand tank is divided into a first lower sand tank 30 (Figure 3) and a second lower sand tank 31 (Figure 3). The first lower sand tank 30 is disposed on a side of the upper sand tank 22. The first lower sand tank 30 internally stores mold sand to be supplied to the lower flask 17.
[0037] The first lower sand tank 30 is supported by the support frame 14, and is movably attached to a vertically extending guide 12A (Figure 1) provided for the support frame 14. More specifically, the first lower sand tank 30 is supported by a lower tank cylinder (adjustment drive unit) 32 (Figure 3) attached to the upper frame 10, and vertically moves along the guide 12A according to the operation of the lower tank cylinder 32.
[0038] The first lower sand tank 30 is open at its upper end. The upper end of the first lower sand tank 30 is provided with a slide gate 33 (Figure 3) that slides a plate-shaped shield member in the horizontal direction (the positive and negative directions on the X-axis). The first lower sand tank 30 is configured so that its upper end can be opened and closed by the operation of the slide gate 33. A hopper 34 (Figure 3) for loading mold sand is fixedly disposed above the first lower sand tank 30. The communication relationship between the hopper 34 and the mold sand loading chute 24 is described later. When the slide gate 33 is in an open state, the mold sand is supplied through the hopper 34 to the first lower sand tank 30.
[0039] The first lower sand tank 30 is bent at its lower end in the horizontal direction (the negative direction on the Y-axis), and, at its distal end, a first communication port 35 (Figure 3) for discharging the stored mold sand is formed. The first communication port 35 is configured so that this port can communicate with an after-mentioned second communication port of the second lower sand tank 31 at a predetermined height (communication position). The mold sand is supplied through the first communication port 35 to the second lower sand tank 31. The distal end of the first lower sand tank 30 is provided with a first block plate 36 that extends in the vertical direction. When an after-mentioned second communication port of the second lower sand tank 31 is not at a communication position, this port is shielded by the first block plate 36.
[0040] The first lower sand tank 30 communicates with the compressed air source (not shown). According to a specific example, the first lower sand tank 30 communicates, at its upper portion, with a pipe (not shown) for supplying compressed air, and communicates with the compressed air source through the pipe. The pipe is provided with an electro-pneumatic proportional valve (not shown). Accordingly, the compressed air at a predetermined pressure is supplied to the first lower sand tank 30. When the slide gate 33 is in the closed state and the after-mentioned second communication port of the second lower sand tank 31 is at the communication position, the compressed air is supplied through the upper portion of the first lower sand tank 30. The compressed air is blown toward the lower portion of the first lower sand tank 30, and the mold sand in the first lower sand tank 30 is supplied together with the compressed air through the first communication port 35 into the second lower sand tank 31.
[0041] The first lower sand tank 30 is provided, on its inner surface, with a permeation member 30a having a plurality of pores that allow the compressed air to pass. Accordingly, the compressed air is supplied through the entire surface of the permeation member 30a to the entire inner space, thereby improving the fluidity of the mold sand. The permeation member 30a may be formed of a porous material. A side portion of the first lower sand tank 30 communicates with a pipe 30b for discharging the compressed air. The pipe 30b (Figure 3) is provided with a filter that does not allow the mold sand to pass but allows the compressed air to pass, and can prevent the mold sand from being discharged to the outside of the first lower sand tank 30.
[0042] The second lower sand tank 31 is disposed below the lower flask 17. The second lower sand tank 31 internally stores mold sand to be supplied to the lower flask 17. The second lower sand tank 31 is movably attached to the four guides 12, and is supported in a vertically movable manner by a vertically extending squeeze cylinder (drive unit) 37.
[0043] At a side portion of the second lower sand tank 31, a second communication port 38 (Figure 3) that can communicate with the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank is formed. The second communication port 38 is configured so that this port can communicate with the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 at a predetermined height (communication position). The communication position has a height at which the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 communicate with each other and, more specifically, is a position at which the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 are disposed concentrically with each other. The first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 communicate with each other on a communication plane along the vertical direction.
[0044] Figure 4 is a partial sectional view in the state where the first lower sand tank 30 and the second lower sand tank 31 communicate with each other. Figure 5 is a plan view in the state where the first lower sand tank 30 and the second lower sand tank 31 communicate with each other. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first lower sand tank 30 and the second lower sand tank 31 are in a state of communicating with each other through communication between the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 being at the predetermined communication position. The mold sand is supplied through the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 from the first lower sand tank 30 to the second lower sand tank 31. The second communication port 38 of the second lower sand tank 31 is provided with a vertically extending second block plate 39 (Figures 3 to 5). The opposite sides of the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 are provided with guide rails 71 that guide a second block plate 39. The second block plate 39 is guided by the guide rails 71, thereby allowing the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 to be guided to the communication position without being inclined from each other. When the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 is not at the communication position, this port is shielded by the second block plate 39.
[0045] It should be noted that the flaskless molding machine 1 may include a sealing mechanism that hermetically seals the communication planes of the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38. For example, the sealing mechanism is provided on the first communication port 35 side. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30, and is a diagram showing the first communication port 35 from the open side. As shown in Figure 6, the first communication port 35 has an opening 35a that communicates with the inside of the first lower sand tank 30. The sealing mechanism includes a sealing member 72 and a holding member 73. The sealing member 72 is an annular member that encircles the opening 35a. The sealing member 72 has a tubular shape that can guide gas into its inside, and has a flexibility. The holding member 73 is an annular member that encircles the opening 35a, and is in contact with the second block plate 39. A groove that can accommodate the sealing member 72 is formed on a surface of the holding member 73 with which the second block plate 39 is in contact. Figure 7 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the sealing mechanism. As shown in Figure 7, the sealing member 72 is accommodated to an extent not extruding from the surface of the holding member 73 with which the second block plate 39 is in contact. At the holding member 73, a gas guide port 73a (Figures 4 to 7) that communicates with the sealing member 72 is formed. The sealing member 72 is inflated when gas is introduced into its inside, and extrudes from the surface of the holding member 73 to enclose hermetically the communication planes of the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38. It should be noted that the flaskless molding machine 1 may adopt a sealing mechanism other than the sealing mechanism shown in Figures 4 to 7.
[0046] The upper end of the second lower sand tank 31 is open, and a lower plate 40 (Figure 3) is attached to the opening at the upper end. The lower plate 40 is a plate-shaped member, and has at least one supply port through which the second lower sand tank 31 and the inside of the lower flask 17 communicate with each other. The mold sand in the second lower sand tank 31 is supplied through the supply port of the lower plate 40 and an after-mentioned lower filling frame into the lower flask 17. The details of the lower plate 40 are described later.
[Lower filling frame]
[0047] The flaskless molding machine 1 includes, for example, a lower filling frame 41. The lower filling frame 41 is disposed below the lower flask 17. The lower filling frame 41 is a box-shaped frame where the upper end and the lower end are open. The opening at the upper end of the lower filling frame 41 communicates with the opening at the lower end of the lower flask 17. The lower filling frame 41 is configured so that its inside can accommodate the second lower sand tank 31. The lower filling frame 41 is supported in a vertically movable manner by a lower filling frame cylinder 42 fixed to the second lower sand tank 31. The lower plate 40 has a size substantially identical to each of the sizes of openings of the lower filling frame 41 and the lower flask 17. A position where the vertically movable lower filling frame 41 internally accommodates the second lower sand tank 31 and the lower plate 40 is an original position (initial position), and serves as a descending end. The lower filling frame 41 moves in the upward direction, thereby retracting the lower plate 40 from the lower filling frame 41. The lower filling frame 41 having moved in the upward direction is moved in the downward direction, thereby allowing the lower plate 40 to enter the inside of the lower filling frame 41. As described above, the lower plate 40 is configured to be capable of entering and being retracted from the inside of the lower filling frame 41 (movable to and from). The flaskless molding machine 1 can reduce the stroke of the lower flask 17 by including the lower filling frame 41. Consequently, the flaskless molding machine having a lower machine height can be achieved in comparison with a case of not including the lower filling frame 41. Furthermore, as the flaskless molding machine 1 can reduce the stroke of the lower flask 17 by including the lower filling frame 41, the molding time of the pair of the upper mold and the lower mold can be reduced.
[0048] It should be noted that the flaskless molding machine 1 does not necessarily include the lower filling frame 41. In this case, the lower plate 40 is configured to be capable of entering and being retracted from the inside of the lower flask 17 (movable to and from). The descending end of the vertically movable lower flask 17 is the original position (initial position). That is, the lower plate 40 enters the inside of the lower flask 17 by moving in the upward direction relatively more than the lower flask 17 moving in the upward direction. The lower plate 40 is retracted from the lower flask 17 by moving in the downward direction relatively more than the lower flask 17.
[Molding space and squeeze]
[0049] The molding space (upper molding space) of the upper mold is formed by the upper plate 25, the upper flask 15 and the match plate 19. The molding space (lower molding space) of the lower mold is formed by the lower plate 40, the lower flask 17 and the match plate 19. The upper molding space and the lower molding space are formed when the upper flask cylinder 16, the lower flask cylinders 18 and the squeeze cylinder 37 are operated and the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17 clamp the match plate at a predetermined height. In a case where the flaskless molding machine 1 includes the lower filling frame 41, the lower molding space may be formed by the lower plate 40, the lower flask 17, the lower filling frame 41 and the match plate 19.
[0050] The upper molding space is filled with the mold sand stored in the upper sand tank 22, through the upper plate 25. The lower molding space is filled with the mold sand stored in the second lower sand tank 31, through the lower plate 40. The CB of the mold sand with which the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled may be set in a range from 30 % to 42 %. The compressive strength of the mold sand with which the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled may be set in a range from 8 to 15 N/cm2. It should be noted that as the thickness of the mold to be formed is changed according to the model shape and the CB (compactability) of the mold sand, the height of a target of the second lower sand tank 31 is changed according to the thickness of the mold. That is, the height of the second communication port 38 of the second lower sand tank 31 is changed. At this time, the height of the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 is adjusted to be at the communication position of the second communication port 38 of the second lower sand tank 31 by the lower tank cylinder 32. Such adjustment can be achieved by an after-mentioned control device 50 (Figure 3).
[0051] In a state where the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled with the mold sand, the squeeze cylinder 37 performs squeezing with the upper plate 25 and the lower plate 40 by moving the second lower sand tank 31 upward. Accordingly, a pressure is applied to the mold sand in the upper molding space, and the upper mold is formed. At the same time, a pressure is applied to the mold sand in the lower molding space, and the lower mold is formed.
[Mold sand loading chute]
[0052] The mold sand loading chute 24 is open at the upper end, and is bifurcated at the lower end. The upper end is provided with a switch damper 43. The switch damper 43 changes its inclination direction so that the mold sand can fall to any one of the bifurcated lower end portions. One lower end portion of the mold sand loading chute 24 is fixed to the upper portion of the upper sand tank 22, and the other lower end portion of the mold sand loading chute 24 is accommodated in the hopper 34 and is not fixed. Since the lower end portion on the first lower sand tank 30 side is not fixed as described above, the lower tank cylinder 32 can control the height of the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 independently from the upper sand tank 22.
[Details of lower plate]
[0053] Figure 8 is a perspective view on an upper surface side of the lower plate 40. Figure 9 is a perspective view on a lower surface side of the lower plate 40. Figure 10 is a sectional view taken along line X-X of Figure 8. As shown in Figures 8 to 10, the lower plate 40 has at least one supply port 40a. In the diagram, for example, 15 supply ports 40a are formed. The inner surface of each supply port 40a is inclined so that the opening on the upper surface 40c of the lower plate 40 can be narrower than the opening on the lower surface 40b of the lower plate 40. Such a shape (inverted taper shape) can prevent the mold sand from being strongly compressed at the supply port 40a during squeezing. That is, such a shape can prevent the supply ports 40a from being clogged with the sand at the next sand supply.
[0054] The lower surface 40b of the lower plate 40 is provided with protrusions 40d that have inclined surfaces which are inclined toward one or more supply ports 40a. The protrusions 40d have a substantially triangular section on the XZ plane. The inclination of the inclined surface of the protrusion 40d is the same as the inclination of the inner surface of the supply port 40a. Accordingly, the mold sand can be smoothly supplied to the supply ports 40a by the protrusions 40d. Furthermore, by providing the protrusions 40d, the mold sand can be prevented from being stagnant at the supply ports 40a.
[0055] Nozzle plates (nozzles) 44 or block plates 45 may be arranged on the upper surface 40c of the lower plate 40. The nozzle plates 44 are plate-shaped members, and openings 44a communicating with the supply ports are formed. The inclination of the inner surface of the opening 44a may be the same as the inclination of the supply port 40a or may be a different inclination. The formation positions of the openings 44a may be appropriately defined. For example, the opening 44a is formed at a position displaced in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction from the center of the nozzle plate 44, and the supply port 40a and the opening 44a are not concentrically arranged, thereby allowing the injection direction to be shifted in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, for example, in a case where a model has a deep position, the nozzle plates 44 can be arranged so that the mold sand can be supplied to the deep position. Furthermore, the opening direction of the opening 44a (the direction of the axis of the opening) is inclined at an angle from the vertical direction, thereby allowing the injection direction to be controlled. Accordingly, even for a complicated model, filling with the mold sand can be securely achieved. The block plates 45 are plate-shaped members, and openings are not formed. The block plate 45 is used to block the supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports 40a. For example, in a case where the model has a shallow position, the arrangement is achieved to block the supply ports 40a corresponding to the shallow position. Accordingly, the nozzle plates 44 and the block plates 45 are appropriately selected in conformity with the model. For example, the nozzle plates 44 and the block plates 45 are formed to have the same thickness, and their upper surfaces reside on the identical plane. Accordingly, the completed upper and lower molds can be extruded to the outside of the machine.
[Details of upper plate]
[0056] Figure 11 is a perspective view on the lower surface side of the upper plate 25. Figure 12 is a perspective view on the upper surface side of the upper plate 25. Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII of Figure 11. As shown in Figures 11 to 13, the upper plate 25 has at least one supply port 25a. In the diagram, for example, 15 supply ports 25a are formed. The inner surface of each supply port 25a is inclined so that the opening on the lower surface 25b of the upper plate 25 can be narrower than the opening on the upper surface 25c of the upper plate 25. Such a shape (inverted taper shape) can prevent the mold sand from being strongly compressed at the supply port 25a during squeezing. That is, such a shape can solidify the mold sand in such a way not to fall by the gravity during squeezing, and prevent the supply ports 25a from being clogged with the sand at the next sand supply.
[0057] The upper surface 25c of the upper plate 25 is provided with protrusions 25d that have inclined surfaces which are inclined toward one or more supply ports 25a. The protrusions 25d have a substantially triangular section on the XZ plane. The inclination of the inclined surface of the protrusion 25d is the same as the inclination of the inner surface of the supply port 25a. Accordingly, the mold sand can be smoothly supplied to the supply ports 25a by the protrusions 25d. Furthermore, by providing the protrusions 25d, the mold sand can be prevented from being stagnant at the supply ports 25a.
[0058] Nozzle plates (nozzles) 46 or block plates 47 may be arranged on the lower surface 25b of the upper plate 25. The nozzle plates 46 are plate-shaped members, and openings 46a communicating with the supply ports are formed. The inclination of the inner surface of the opening 46a may be the same as the inclination of the supply port 25a or may be a different inclination. The formation positions of the openings 46a may be appropriately defined. For example, the opening 46a is formed at a position displaced in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction from the center of the nozzle plate 46, and the supply port 25a and the opening 46a are not concentrically arranged, thereby allowing the injection direction to be shifted in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, for example, in a case where a model has a deep position, the nozzle plates 46 can be arranged so that the mold sand can be supplied to the deep position. Furthermore, the direction of the opening 46a (the direction of the axis of the opening) is inclined at an angle from the vertical direction, thereby allowing the injection direction to be controlled. Accordingly, even for a complicated model, filling with the mold sand can be securely achieved. The block plates 47 are plate-shaped members, and openings are not formed. The block plate 47 is used to block the supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports 25a. For example, in a case where the model has a shallow position, the arrangement is achieved to block the supply ports 25a corresponding to the shallow position. Accordingly, the nozzle plates 46 and the block plates 47 are appropriately selected in conformity with the model.
[Bush]
[0059] The upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 are movably attached to the four guides 12 through cylindrical bushes. For example, the upper flask 15 is described. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating the bushes 49. Figure 15 is a sectional view of Figure 14. As shown in Figures 14 and 15, the bushes 49 are attached to the upper flask 15 at its upper and lower ends, thereby movably attached to the guides 12. The cylindrical bush 49 may be configured by combining a plurality of members. More specifically, the bush 49 may be configured by combining members halved by a plane parallel to the axial direction. Figure 16 is a plan view illustrating detachment of the halved bushes 49. Figure 17 is a sectional view illustrating detachment of the halved bushes 49. As shown in Figures 16 and 17, by adopting the halved bushes 49, replacement can be achieved with only the bushes 49 being detached without detaching the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 from the guide 12. Consequently, the maintainability is excellent.
[Control device]
[0060] The flaskless molding machine 1 may include a control device 50. The control device 50 is a computer that includes a control unit such as a processor, a storage unit such as a memory, an input and output unit such as an input device and a display device, and a communication unit such as a network card, and controls each of units of the flaskless molding machine 1, for example, a mold sand supply system, a compressed air supply system, a drive system, a power source system and the like. The control device 50 allows an operator to perform a command input operation and the like in order to manage the flaskless molding machine 1, using the input device, and can cause the display device to visualize and display the operation situations of the flaskless molding machine 1. Furthermore, the storage unit of the control device 50 stores a control program for allowing the processor to control various processes to be executed by the flaskless molding machine 1, and a program for causing each configuration unit of the flaskless molding machine 1 to execute processes according to a molding condition.
[Molding process]
[0061] An overview of a molding process according to this embodiment is described. Figure 18 is a flowchart illustrating the molding process of the flaskless molding machine according to one embodiment. The molding process shown in Figure 18 is a process of molding a pair of the upper mold and the lower mold. The molding process shown in Figure 18 is automatically activated with a condition that the attitude of the flaskless molding machine 1 is the original position (initial position). When the attitude of the flaskless molding machine 1 is not at the original position, this machine is manually operated to be moved to the original position. When an automatic activation button is pressed with the attitude (original position) of the flaskless molding machine 1 shown in Figure 3, the molding process shown in Figure 18 is started.
[0062] When the molding process is started, a shuttle-in process (S12) is performed first. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating the shuttle-in process. As shown in Figure 19, in the shuttle-in process, the conveyance cylinder 21 moves the conveyance plate 20 mounted with the match plate 19 to a molding position.
[0063] Next, a flask setting process (S14) is performed. Figure 20 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flask setting process. As shown in Figure 20, in the flask setting process, the upper flask cylinder 16, the lower flask cylinders 18 (Figure 2), the lower filling frame cylinder 42 and the squeeze cylinder 37 are elongated and contracted in conformity with the thicknesses of the molds to be formed. Accordingly, the upper flask 15 is moved to the predetermined position, and the lower flask 17 comes into contact with the match plate 19, and subsequently, the lower flask 17 mounted with the match plate 19 is moved to the predetermined position, thereby achieving a state where the match plate 19 is clamped between the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17. The second lower sand tank 31 and the lower filling frame 41 then rise, and the lower filling frame 41 comes into contact with the lower flask 17. The lower tank cylinder 32 is elongated and contracted to move the first lower sand tank 30 in the vertical direction, thereby achieving a state where the height of the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 coincides with the height of the second communication port 38 of the second lower sand tank 3 1. At this time, the upper molding space and the lower molding space are in a state (height) determined by the control device 50.
[0064] Next, an aeration process (S16) is performed. Figure 21 is a schematic diagram illustrating the aeration process. As shown in Figure 21, in the aeration process, the sealing mechanism seals the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 and the second communication port 38 of the second lower sand tank 31. The slide gate 23 of the upper sand tank 22 and the slide gate 33 of the first lower sand tank 30 are then closed, and the compressed air source and the electro-pneumatic proportional valve supply compressed air to the upper sand tank 22 and the first lower sand tank 30. Accordingly, the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled with the mold sand while the mold sand is allowed to flow. For example, if the set pressure and time are satisfied, the aeration process is finished.
[0065] Next, a squeeze process (S18) is performed. Figure 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating the squeeze process. As shown in Figure 22, in the squeeze process, the sealing mechanism having been operated in the aeration process (S16) releases the sealing, and the squeeze cylinder 37 is further elongated, thereby further raising the second lower sand tank 31. Accordingly, the lower plate 40 attached to the second lower sand tank 31 enters the inside of the lower filling frame 41 and compresses the mold sand in the lower molding space, while the upper plate 25 enters the inside of the upper flask 15 and compresses the mold sand in the upper molding space. In a case where the squeeze cylinder 37 is controlled by an oil-hydraulic circuit, the squeeze process is finished when the oil pressure of the oil-hydraulic circuit can be determined to be the same as the set oil pressure, for example. It should be noted that in a case where during the squeeze process, the upper flask cylinder 16, the lower flask cylinders 18 and the lower filling frame cylinder 42 are controlled by the oil-hydraulic circuit, each cylinder is set as a free circuit. Accordingly, each cylinder yields to the squeeze force and is contracted.
[0066] Next, a model-stripping process (S20) is performed. Figure 23 is a schematic diagram illustrating the model-stripping process. As shown in Figure 23, in the model-stripping process, the lower filling frame cylinder 42 is contracted to lower the lower filling frame 41. Subsequently, the squeeze cylinder 37 is contracted and lowers the second lower sand tank 31, and subsequently lowers the lower flask 17 mounted with the match plate 19 and the conveyance plate 20. The model is then stripped from the upper flask 15. When the lower flask 17 is lowered to a fixed unit (not shown), the match plate 19 and the conveyance plate 20 are supported by the fixed unit. Accordingly, the model is stripped from the lower flask 17.
[0067] Next, a shuttle-out process (S22) is performed. Figure 24 is a schematic diagram illustrating the shuttle-out process. As shown in Figure 24, in the shuttle-out process, the conveyance cylinder 21 is contracted, thereby moving the conveyance plate 20 to the retracted position. In the state shown in Figure 24, a core is disposed in the upper flask 15 or the lower flask 17 if necessary.
[0068] Next, a flask alignment process (S24) is performed. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flask alignment process. As shown in Figure 25, in the flask alignment process, the lower flask cylinders 18 are contracted to elongate the squeeze cylinder 37, thereby raising the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 to align the flask.
[0069] Next, the flask-stripping process (S26) is performed. Figure 26 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flask-stripping process. As shown in Figure 26, in the flask-stripping process, the upper flask cylinder 16 and the lower flask cylinders 18 are contracted, thereby raising the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17 to the raised ends to strip the flask.
[0070] Next, a first flask separating process (S28) is performed. Figure 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating the first flask separating process (first half). As shown in Figure 27, in the first flask separating process, in a state where the mold is mounted on the lower plate 40 of the second lower sand tank 31, the squeeze cylinder 37 is contracted to lower the second lower sand tank 31. At this time, the lower flask cylinders 18 are elongated to lower the lower flask 17, and the mold is stopped at a position of not interfering with conveyance of the mold.
[0071] Next, a mold extrusion process (S30) is performed. Figure 28 is a schematic diagram illustrating the mold extrusion process. As shown in Figure 28, in the mold extrusion process, an extrusion cylinder 48 (see Figure 2) is elongated, thereby conveying the upper mold and the lower mold to the outside of the machine (e.g., a molding line).
[0072] Next, a second flask separating process (S32) is performed. Figure 29 is a schematic diagram illustrating the second flask separating process (latter half). As shown in Figure 29, in the second flask separating process, the lower flask cylinders 18 are elongated to return the lower flask 17 to the original position.
[0073] As described above, the process of forming the pair of the upper mold and the lower mold is thus finished.
[Position adjustment of first lower sand tank]
[0074] The details of the position adjustment of the first lower sand tank 30 performed in the flask setting process (S14) described above are described. The position adjustment is achieved by the control device 50. Figure 30 is a functional block diagram of the control device 50 of the flaskless molding machine 1 according to one embodiment. As shown in Figure 30, the control device 50 is connected to a first detector 51, a second detector 52, a third detector 53, a fourth detector 54, a fifth detector 55 and the lower tank cylinder 32. It should be noted that the control device 50 is not necessarily connected to all of the first detector 51 to fifth detector 55. For example, the control device 50 may be connected only to the first detector 51 and the second detector 52, or may be connected only to the third detector 53 to fifth detector 55. The flaskless molding machine 1 does not necessarily include all of the first detector 51 to fifth detector 55.
[0075] The first detector 51 detects the height position of the first lower sand tank 30. Figure 31 is a top view showing one example of the first detector 51. Figure 32 is a front view showing the one example of the first detector 51. As shown in Figures 31 and 32, the first detector 51 includes a magnet 60 and a magnetic field detecting portion 61. The magnet 60 is attached to members 62 and 63 that move together with the first lower sand tank 30. The magnet 60 may be attached directly to the first lower sand tank 30. The magnet 60 is a partially cut annular member. The magnetic field detecting portion 61 is attached to the support frame 14 serving as a fixed frame, consists of a longitudinal member extending in the vertical direction, and detects the magnetic field caused with the magnet 60. The magnetic field detecting portion 61 is provided along the movement direction of the first lower sand tank 30. The magnet 60 is disposed so that the magnetic field detecting portion 61 can be positioned inside. As the magnet 60 moves together with the first lower sand tank 30, the first detector 51 can detect the height position (absolute position) of the first lower sand tank 30 by detecting the magnetic field position.
[0076] The second detector 52 detects the height position of the second lower sand tank 31 (lower plate 40). The configuration of the second detector 52 is the same as that of the first detector 51. Consequently, the description is omitted. It should be noted that in the case of the second detector 52, for example, the second lower sand tank 31 is provided with the magnet 60, while the fixed member, such as the frame of the molding unit A1, is provided with the magnetic field detecting portion 61.
[0077] The third detector 53 detects the height position of the upper flask 15. The configuration of the third detector 53 is the same as that of the first detector 51. Consequently, the description is omitted. It should be noted that in the case of the third detector 53, for example, the upper flask 15 is provided with the magnet 60, while the fixed member, such as the frame of the molding unit A1, is provided with the magnetic field detecting portion 61.
[0078] The fourth detector 54 detects the height position of the lower flask 17. The configuration of the fourth detector 54 is the same as that of the first detector 51. Consequently, the description is omitted. It should be noted that in the case of the fourth detector 54, for example, the lower flask 17 is provided with the magnet 60, while the fixed member, such as the frame of the molding unit A1, is provided with the magnetic field detecting portion 61.
[0079] The fifth detector 55 detects the height position of the lower filling frame 41. The configuration of the fifth detector 55 is the same as that of the first detector 51. Consequently, the description is omitted. It should be noted that in the case of the fifth detector 55, for example, the lower filling frame 41 is provided with the magnet 60, while the fixed member, such as the frame of the molding unit A1, is provided with the magnetic field detecting portion 61.
[0080] The control device 50 includes a recognition unit 70, a control unit 80, and a storage unit 90. The recognition unit 70 recognizes the height position of the moving first lower sand tank 30 (the height position of the first communication port 35), and the completion of movement, on the basis of a detection result of the first detector 51. The recognition unit 70 recognizes the height position of the moving second lower sand tank 31 (the height position of the second communication port 38), and the completion of movement, on the basis of a detection result of the second detector 52. The recognition unit 70 recognizes the height position of the moving upper flask 15, and the completion of movement, on the basis of a detection result of the third detector 53. The recognition unit 70 recognizes the height position of the moving lower flask 17, and the completion of movement, on the basis of a detection result of the fourth detector 54. The recognition unit 70 recognizes the height position of the moving lower filling frame 41, and the completion of movement, on the basis of a detection result of the fifth detector 55. As described above, the recognition unit 70 can recognize the height positions of the moving configuration elements and the completion of movement, on the basis of the results of the detectors. Furthermore, the recognition unit 70 can also recognize the thickness of the upper mold at the completion of squeeze, on the basis of the height position of the upper flask 15 detected by the third detector 53 at the completion of squeeze. Furthermore, the recognition unit 70 can also recognize the thickness of the lower mold at the completion of squeeze, on the basis of the height position of the second lower sand tank 31 (lower plate 40) detected by the second detector at the completion of squeeze, and the height position of the lower filling frame 41 detected by the fifth detector 55 at the completion of squeeze.
[0081] The recognition unit 70 causes the storage unit 90 to store the height position of the upper flask 15 detected by the third detector 53 at the completion of squeeze, the height position of the second lower sand tank 31 (lower plate 40) detected by the second detector at the completion of squeeze, and the height position of the lower filling frame 41 detected by the fifth detector 55 at the completion of squeeze, as molding results. At this time, the recognition unit 70 may associate the molding condition and the molding results with each other, and cause the storage unit 90 to store the associated condition and result. The molding condition is a condition preset in the case of molding and is, for example, the model number of the model, the model shape, the target height position of each configuration element and the like. As described above, the recognition unit 70 and the storage unit 90 obtain and store achievement information.
[0082] The control unit 80 determines the height position of the upper flask 15 and the height position of the lower filling frame 41 at the next filling with sand, on the basis of the last molding result stored in the storage unit 90. As described above, the control unit 80 performs feedback control on the basis of the detection results of the third detector 53 and the fifth detector 55.
[0083] It should be noted that the recognition unit 70 may store not only the detection results of the third detector 53 and the fifth detector 55, but also the detection results of another combination selected from among the first detector 51 to fifth detector 55, all the detection results, or the thicknesses of the upper mold and the lower mold, as the molding results, in the storage unit 90. In this case, the control unit 80 can perform feedback control different from the feedback control described above, on the basis of the molding results stored in the storage unit 90. For example, the control unit 80 may determine the height position of the first lower sand tank 30 and the height position of the second lower sand tank 31 at the next filling with sand, on the basis of the height position of the first lower sand tank 30 (the height position of the first communication port 35) detected by the first detector 51 at the completion of squeeze and the height position of the second lower sand tank 31 (the height position of the second communication port 38) detected by the second detector 52 at the completion of squeeze. Accordingly, the control unit 80 can operate the squeeze cylinder 37 and the lower tank cylinder 32 so that the height positions of the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 can coincide with each other, on the basis of the detection results of the first detector 51 and the second detector 52.
[0084] Figure 33 is a flowchart illustrating a target setting process of the flaskless molding machine 1 according to one embodiment. The process shown in Figure 33 is executed in the flask setting process (S14). First, the control unit 80 obtains the last molding results stored in the storage unit 90, in an information obtaining process (S40). Next, the control unit 80 determines the target value of the height position of the first communication port 35, in a target value setting process (S42). For example, in a case where there is a difference between the last height position of the first communication port 35 and the last height position of the second communication port 38, the control unit 80 determines the target value of the height position of the first communication port 35 in such a way as to cancel the difference. As described above, the target setting process of the flaskless molding machine 1 is thus finished.
[0085] As described above, in the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the sand tank that supplies the mold sand to the lower flask 17 is divided into the first lower sand tank 30 and the second lower sand tank 31, the second lower sand tank 31 is moved in the vertical direction by the squeeze cylinder 37, and the first lower sand tank 30 is moved in the vertical direction by the lower tank cylinder 32. The first lower sand tank 30 and the second lower sand tank 31 are independently, vertically movable as described above. Consequently, the height of the first communication port 35 of the first lower sand tank 30 can be adjusted in such a way as to coincide with the height of the second communication port 38 of the second lower sand tank 31. Accordingly, the flow of mold sand at the communication portion between the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 becomes uniform, and occurrence of sand clogging can be suppressed. Consequently, the need to adjust the CB of mold sand in consideration of sand clogging is negated. The mold sand optimal to the moldability of a mold and the quality of a casting product can be used. Resultantly, the excellent mold and casting product can be obtained.
[0086] The flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment can achieve mold sand filling and squeezing at the lower flask 17 by vertically moving only the divided second lower sand tank 31. In a case where the first lower sand tank 30 adopts an integral sand tank fixedly communicating with the second lower sand tank 31, a heavier load is applied to the left side of the tank than to the right side. Consequently, there is a possibility that the degree during the tank being raised is different from the degree during being lowered. There is a possibility that such a difference in degree causes a model-stripping failure when the mold is stripped from the pattern. On the contrary, the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment can reduce the inclination due to a load imbalance. Consequently, an excellent mold and casting product can be obtained as a result.
[0087] Furthermore, the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment supplies the compressed air to a storage space from the side through the entire surfaces of the permeation members 22a and 30a. Consequently, the fluidity of mold sand is improved. In this state, the mold sand is then blown into the upper flask or the lower flask by the compressed air, thereby allowing the blowing resistance of the mold sand to be reduced. Consequently, the power consumption of the compressed air source can be suppressed, and occurrence of sand clogging can be suppressed.
[0088] The flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment can solidify the mold sand residing in the supply port 25a of the upper plate 25 by the squeeze force, to an extent of not falling due to the gravity after squeezing.
[0089] Furthermore, in the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the mold sand is guided to the supply port by the protrusions 25d and 40d, which can prevent the mold sand from being stagnant around the supply port.
[0090] Furthermore, the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment adjusts the directions of the nozzles of the nozzle plates 44 and 46, thereby allowing supply to be achieved in conformity with the shape of the model.
[0091] Furthermore, the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment can select the supply port through which the mold sand is to be supplied, according to the presence or absence of the block plates 45 and 47, thereby allowing supply to be performed in conformity with the shape of the model.
[0092] Furthermore, in the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 are movably attached to the four guides 12. Consequently, the movement of the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 becomes stable. Accordingly, squeezing can be stably performed. Consequently, the performance of model-stripping is improved. Resultantly, the excellent mold and casting product can be obtained.
[0093] Furthermore, in the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 are movably attached to the four guides 12. The four guides 12 are disposed so that the quadrangle whose vertices reside at the respective centers of the four guides 12 can encircle the molding spaces (the upper molding space and the lower molding space) formed using the upper flask 15 and the lower flask 17, when being viewed in the vertical direction. The four guides 12 guide the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 in the vertical direction during filling with sand, squeezing, and model releasing. As described above, in a case where the attitudes of the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the second lower sand tank 31 are the same during filling with sand, squeezing, and model releasing, the four guides 12 can be disposed.
[0094] Furthermore, the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment allows the second communication port 38 to be blocked with the first block plate 36 and allows the first communication port 35 to be blocked with the second block plate 39, even if the heights of the first communication port 35 and the second communication port 38 are different from each other. Consequently, the mold sand can be prevented from flowing from the sand tank.
[0095] Moreover, in the flaskless molding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the mold sand with which the upper molding space and the lower molding space are to be filled is mold sand configured to be in a range where the CB of 30% to 42% and the compressive strength of mold sand of 8 to 15 N/cm2. Consequently, the excellent mold and casting product can be obtained.
[0096] It should be noted that the embodiment described above is an example of the flaskless molding machine according to the present invention. The flaskless molding machine according to the present invention is not limited to the flaskless molding machine 1 according to the embodiment, and may be what is achieved by modifying the flaskless molding machine 1 according to the embodiment or by application to another machine in a range without changing the gist described in each claim.
[0097] For example, in the embodiment described above, the example where the upper sand tank 22 is fixed to the upper frame 10 is described. Alternatively, the upper sand tank 22 may be configured to be movable.
[0098] In the embodiment described above, the control device 50 may control the movement speeds of the first lower sand tank 30 and the second lower sand tank 31 using the detection results of the first detector 51 and the second detector 52. Likewise, the control device 50 may control the movement speeds of the upper flask 15, the lower flask 17 and the lower filling frame 41 using the detection results of the third detector 53, the fourth detector 54 and the fifth detector 55. For example, the control device 50 may reduce the movement speed by a predetermined value when detecting an approach to a target position (detecting a position within a predetermined distance from the predetermined position). According to such control, both of alleviation of the effect at the time of contact and reduction in the molding time of the upper mold and the lower mold can be achieved.
Reference Signs List
[0099] 1 ... Flaskless molding machine, 12 ... Guide, 15 ... Upper flask, 16 ... Upper flask cylinder, 17 ... Lower flask, 18 ... Lower flask cylinder, 19 ... Match plate, 22 ... Upper sand tank, 25 ... Upper plate, 22a, 30a ... Permeation member, 30 ... First lower sand tank, 31 ... Second lower sand tank, 32 ... Lower tank cylinder, 35 ... First communication port, 36 ... First block plate, 37 ... Squeeze cylinder, 38 ... Second communication port, 39 ... Second block plate, 40 ... Lower plate, 41 ... Lower filling frame, 42 ... Lower filling frame cylinder, 50 ... Control device, 44, 46 ... Nozzle plate, 45, 47 ... Block plate, 51 ... First detector, 52 ... Second detector, 53 ... Third detector, 54 ... Fourth detector, 55 ... Fifth detector, 60 ... Magnet, 61 ... Magnetic field detecting portion, 70 ... Recognition unit, 80 ... Control unit, 90 ... Storage unit.
1. A flaskless molding machine forming a flaskless upper mold and lower mold, comprising:
an upper flask;
a lower flask disposed below the upper flask and capable of clamping a match plate with the upper flask;
an upper sand tank disposed above the upper flask, communicating with a compressed air source, being open at a lower end thereof, and internally storing mold sand;
an upper plate attached to a lower end of the upper sand tank, with at least one supply port being formed in the upper plate, the supply port allowing the upper sand tank to communicate with an inside of the upper flask;
a first lower sand tank communicating with a compressed air source, internally storing mold sand, and having a first communication port for discharging the stored mold sand;
a second lower sand tank disposed below the lower flask, being open at an upper end thereof, having a second communication port capable of communicating with the first communication port of the first lower sand tank, and storing the mold sand supplied from the first lower sand tank and to be supplied into the lower flask;
a lower plate attached to an upper end of the second lower sand tank, with at least one supply port being formed in the lower plate, the supply port allowing the second lower sand tank to communicate with an inside of the lower flask;
a drive unit configured to move the second lower sand tank in a vertical direction, and allowing the upper plate and the lower plate to perform squeezing; and
an adjustment drive unit configured to move the first lower sand tank in the vertical direction.
2. The flaskless molding machine according to claim 1,
wherein an upper molding space for molding the upper mold is formed by the upper plate, the upper flask and the match plate, and the upper molding space is filled with the mold sand stored in the upper sand tank, through the upper plate, and
a lower molding space for molding the lower mold is formed by the lower plate attached to the second lower sand tank moved by the drive unit to a predetermined height, the lower flask and the match plate, a height of the first communication port of the first lower sand tank is adjusted by the adjustment drive unit to a communication position of the second communication port of the second lower sand tank to supply the mold sand stored in the first lower sand tank to the second lower sand tank, and the lower molding space is filled with the mold sand stored in the second lower sand tank, through the lower plate, and
in a state where the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled with the mold sand, the drive unit moves the second lower sand tank upward to perform squeezing between the upper plate and the lower plate.
wherein an upper molding space for molding the upper mold is formed by the upper plate, the upper flask and the match plate, and the upper molding space is filled with the mold sand stored in the upper sand tank, through the upper plate, and
a lower molding space for molding the lower mold is formed by the lower plate attached to the second lower sand tank moved by the drive unit to a predetermined height, the lower flask and the match plate, a height of the first communication port of the first lower sand tank is adjusted by the adjustment drive unit to a communication position of the second communication port of the second lower sand tank to supply the mold sand stored in the first lower sand tank to the second lower sand tank, and the lower molding space is filled with the mold sand stored in the second lower sand tank, through the lower plate, and
in a state where the upper molding space and the lower molding space are filled with the mold sand, the drive unit moves the second lower sand tank upward to perform squeezing between the upper plate and the lower plate.
3. The flaskless molding machine according to claim 2, further comprising a lower filling
frame,
wherein the lower molding space is formed by the lower plate, the lower flask, the lower filling frame and the match plate.
wherein the lower molding space is formed by the lower plate, the lower flask, the lower filling frame and the match plate.
4. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper
sand tank and the first lower sand tank are provided with permeation members each
having a plurality of pores on an inner surface thereof, the pores allowing compressed
air to flow.
5. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an inner
surface of the at least one supply port of the upper plate is inclined so that an
opening on a lower surface of the upper plate is narrower than an opening on an upper
surface of the upper plate.
6. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an upper
surface of the upper plate is provided with a protrusion having an inclined surface
inclined toward the at least one supply port of the upper plate.
7. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising
a nozzle disposed on a lower surface of the upper plate, and communicating with the
at least one supply port.
8. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
wherein the at least one supply port of the upper plate comprises a plurality of supply ports, and
a block plate blocking a supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports is disposed on a lower surface of the upper plate.
wherein the at least one supply port of the upper plate comprises a plurality of supply ports, and
a block plate blocking a supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports is disposed on a lower surface of the upper plate.
9. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein an inner
surface of the at least one supply port of the lower plate is inclined so that an
opening on an upper surface of the lower plate is narrower than an opening on a lower
surface of the lower plate.
10. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a lower
surface of the lower plate is provided with a protrusion having an inclined surface
inclined toward the at least one supply port of the lower plate.
11. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising
a nozzle disposed on an upper surface of the lower plate, and communicating with the
at least one supply port.
12. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
wherein the at least one supply port of the lower plate comprises a plurality of supply ports, and
a block plate blocking a supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports is disposed on an upper surface of the lower plate.
wherein the at least one supply port of the lower plate comprises a plurality of supply ports, and
a block plate blocking a supply port preliminarily selected from among the supply ports is disposed on an upper surface of the lower plate.
13. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the
upper flask, the lower flask and the second lower sand tank are movably attached to
four guides.
14. The flaskless molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the
first communication port and the second communication port communicate with each other
on a communication plane along the vertical direction,
a distal end of the first lower sand tank where the first communication port is formed is provided with a first block plate extending in the vertical direction, and
a side portion of the second lower sand tank where the second communication port is formed is provided with a second block plate extending in the vertical direction.
a distal end of the first lower sand tank where the first communication port is formed is provided with a first block plate extending in the vertical direction, and
a side portion of the second lower sand tank where the second communication port is formed is provided with a second block plate extending in the vertical direction.
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader's convenience only. It does not form part of the European patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description