LADDER

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This patent application claims priority from Italian patent application no. 102019000024307 filed on December 17, 2019.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to a ladder.

[0003] In particular, the present invention relates to a ladder of the type comprising two uprights on which a plurality of steps are applied crosswise and adapted to enable overcoming differences in height with a minimum horizontal bulk.

[0004] Furthermore, the present invention also relates to an assembly kit for the ladder wherein the steps and the two uprights are disassembled.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

[0005] As is known, ladders are provided by producers already assembled, and the plurality of steps are fastened to the two uprights by means of suitable irreversible fixing operations such as welding.

[0006] Unfortunately, this type of assembly procedure leads to an increase in manufacturing, maintenance and shipping costs.

[0007] Further ladders are known such as for example those described in DE 22 26 213 A, FR 819 114 A and US 4 204 587 A.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The applicant has thus developed an assembly procedure of the components of the ladder of simple production, easy to carry out also by the end user. The procedure requires only the use of common tools/instruments such as hammers and/or screwdrivers, without having to resort to dedicated tools, thus enabling the shipping of the ladder dismantled, reducing the transportation costs thereof.

[0009] This object is achieved by the present invention as it relates to a ladder and to an assembly kit for the ladder, according to what defined in claim 1 and preferably, but not necessarily, in any one of the claims depending thereon.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a nonlimiting embodiment thereof, wherein:

• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a ladder manufactured according to the present invention;
• Figure 2 shows, on an enlarged scale for clarity, the interlocking which is enabled between an end of a step and an upright illustrated in Figure 1;
• Figure 3 shows, on an enlarged scale for clarity, one of the outer holes obtained on the outer wall of each upright illustrated in Figure 1;

• Figure 4 shows, on an enlarged scale for clarity, one of the inner holes obtained on the inner walls of each upright for enabling the passage of the step illustrated in Figure 1;
• Figure 5 illustrates one of the steps, and shows the toothed slits made on both side walls of each step illustrated in Figure 1.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The present invention will now be described in detail, with reference to the accompanying figures, so as to enable a person skilled in the art to manufacture it and use it. Various modifications to the described embodiments will be immediately apparent to those skilled in the art and the general principles described can be applied to other embodiments and applications without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the present invention, as defined in the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention is not to be understood as limited to a preferred embodiment described and illustrated, but it is to be understood as having the widest scope of protection compliant with the principles and with the characteristics described and claimed herein.

[0012] With reference to Figure 1, reference numeral 1 indicates, as a whole, a ladder.

[0013] The ladder 1 comprises two vertical uprights 2 parallel to one another and a plurality of horizontal steps 3 supported by the uprights 2.

[0014] The various steps 3 are arranged crosswise between the two uprights 2 and are preferably arranged at a constant step between one another.

[0015] In the example illustrated in Figure 1, each upright 2 has a vertical longitudinal axis A and each step 3 has a horizontal longitudinal axis B.

[0016] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures from 1 to 4, each upright 2 is composed of a section bar, i.e. a bar having a constant cross-section, preferably made of metal but optionally also of plastic material.

[0017] With reference to Figures from 2 to 4, each upright 2 is formed by: a vertical outer wall P1, two vertical side walls P2 which branch off from opposite ends of the outer wall P1, and two vertical inner walls P3 which are parallel to the outer wall P1 and which branch off from the two distal ends of the side walls P2, and are arranged at a certain distance from one another. According to a different embodiment not illustrated, one single inner wall P3 is present which extends between the two distal ends of the side walls P2; i.e., in this embodiment, the two inner walls P3 are joined to one another in a seamless manner forming one single inner wall P3.

[0018] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures 2, 3 or 4, each upright 2 is provided with two vertical wings P4, which branch off from the two distal ends of the inner walls P3 and are parallel to the side walls P2.

[0019] According to the invention illustrated in Figure 5, each step 3 is made by means of a constant C-shaped cross-section bar, preferably made of metal but optionally also of plastic material; each step 3 has a horizontal upper wall P5 and two vertical side walls P6 (thus parallel to the side walls P2 of the uprights 2) which branch off from opposite ends of the upper wall P5.

[0020] According to the invention illustrated in Figure 3, each upright 2 is provided with a plurality of outer holes 4, made on the outer wall P1, which enable the insertion of the steps 3 therein.

[0021] Preferably, the outer holes 4 have a shape that reproduces in negative and by excess the cross-section (i.e. orthogonal to the longitudinal axis B) of each step 3.

[0022] According to the invention illustrated in Figure 3 each outer hole 4 is further provided with a tongue 7, which branches off from the lower side L1 of each outer hole 4 and is adapted to prevent the accidental slipping out of the step 3, once bent, after having completed the interlocking between each step 3 and the two uprights 2.

[0023] Each tongue 7 is initially parallel to the outer wall P1 of each upright 2; each tongue 7 is then bent by 90° with respect to the corresponding outer wall P1, so as to be in abutment against the upper wall P5 of the relative step 3, once completely assembled.

[0024] Furthermore, each tongue 7 is preferably provided with a hole 8, adapted to facilitate the bending operation of the tongue 7, favouring the deformation of each tongue 7 in the ideal point.

[0025] According to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the inner walls P3 and the wings P4 of each upright 2 are provided with inner holes 5 (open on one side, i.e. through holes, slots) which enable the insertion of the step 3 therein.

[0026] Preferably, each inner hole 5, made on the inner walls P3 and on the wings P4, is arranged at a height such that, once completely assembled, the upper wall P5 of the corresponding step 3 is at the same height of the lower side L1 of the outer hole 4 of each upright 2, as illustrated in Figure 2.

[0027] Preferably, each inner hole 5 is made in such a manner that the distance between the two vertical profiles L2 and L3 obtained on the inner walls P3 of each upright 2 is equal to the width of each step 3, so as to prevent the translation of the step 3 in a longitudinal direction, orthogonal to the plane defined by the longitudinal axis A of each upright 2 and to the longitudinal axis B of each step 3, once completed the interlocking between the components.

[0028] It is understood that the section bar of each upright 2 could have a closed section (i.e. could have one single inner wall P3 which extends between the two distal ends of the side walls P2) and thus the inner holes 5 could be closed.

[0029] According to the invention illustrated in Figure 5, both side walls P6 of each step 3 are provided with two vertical slits 6 at their ends, adapted to enable the insertion and the interlocking of each step 3 with the inner walls P3 of each upright 2.

[0030] Preferably, the slits 6 made on the side walls P6 of each step 3 have a toothed profile, as illustrated in Figure 5; furthermore, the slits 6 made on the side walls P6 of each step 3 are press-fitted into the inner walls P3 of each upright 2.

[0031] Preferably, each slit 6 is made at a distance, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis B, from the corresponding end of each step 3, such that the end of each step 3 is in abutment against the inner surface of the outer wall P1 of each upright 2, once completely assembled.

[0032] Preferably, each section bar 6 is made at a distance, measured parallel to the longitudinal axis B, from the corresponding end of each step 3, such that the end of each step 3 presses against the corresponding inner wall P3, further away from the outer wall P1, thus causing a deformation of the inner wall P3.

[0033] The present invention further relates to an assembly kit for the ladder 1, wherein the steps 3 and the two uprights 2 are disassembled.

[0034] The present invention further relates to an assembly method of the assembly kit for the ladder 1.

[0035] The assembly method provides for arranging the two uprights 2 parallel to one another and spaced by a distance D equal to the length (longitudinal dimension) of each step 3, then for inserting each step 3 through a corresponding outer hole 4 of an upright 2 until reaching and engaging a corresponding outer hole 4 of the other upright 2, and lastly for interlocking each step 3 with the inner walls P3 of the two uprights 2 at the slits 6. Once carried out the interlockings of each step 3 with the inner walls P3 of the two uprights 2, the tongues 7 are bent inwards (with a plastic deformation of the material) until they are brought into abutment against the respective steps 3.

[0036] The ladder 1 described above has numerous advantages.

[0037] Firstly, the ladder 1 described above can be transported, stored and delivered disassembled thus occupying a minimum space (if compared to the space occupied by the assembled ladder 2).

[0038] Furthermore, the ladder 1 described above can be assembled by the end user in a simple (thus without requiring particular manual skills), intuitive (thus without requiring particular training), quick manner, and without requiring particular tools at disposal (if not a common hammer).

[0039] Lastly, the ladder 1 described above is of simple and cost-effective production since the uprights 2 and the steps 3 are easy to manufacture by means of the square bending (i.e. by 90°) of corresponding sheared flat plates.

LIST OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0040] 

1

ladder

2

uprights

3

steps

4

outer holes

5

inner holes

6

slits

7

tongue

8

hole

L1

lower side

L2

left side of inner hole

L3

right side of inner hole

A

longitudinal axis

B

longitudinal axis

P1

outer walls

P2

side walls

P3

inner walls

P4

wings

P5

upper walls

P6

side walls

Claims

1. A ladder (1) comprising: two vertical uprights (2) and a plurality of horizontal steps (3) supported by the uprights (2),

wherein each upright (2) is a section bar and has a vertical outer wall (P1), two vertical side walls (P2) which branch off from opposite ends of the outer wall (P1), and at least a vertical inner wall (P3) which branches off from at least one end of the two side walls (P2) and is parallel to the outer wall (P1), and

wherein

the outer wall (P1) of each upright (2) is provided with a plurality of outer through-holes (4) which enable the insertion of the steps (3) therein;

the inner wall (P3) of each upright (2) is provided with a plurality of inner through-holes (5) which enable the insertion of the steps (3) therein;

the side walls (P6) of each step (3) are provided with slits (6) which enable the interlocking of the steps (3) with the inner walls of the uprights (2). the ladder (1) is characterised in that:
each step (3) is a C-shaped section bar and has a horizontal upper wall (P5) and two vertical side walls (P6) which branch off from opposite ends of the upper wall (P5), and
each outer hole (4) is provided with a tongue (7) which branches off from a lower side (L1) of the outer hole (4), is initially parallel to the corresponding outer wall (P1), and is bent by 90° with respect to the corresponding outer wall (P1) so as to be in abutment against the corresponding step (3).

2. The ladder (1) according to claim 1, wherein the slits (6) made on the side walls (P6) of the steps (3) have a toothed profile.

3. The ladder (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slits (6) made on the side walls (P6) of the steps (3) are press-fitted into the inner walls (P3) of the uprights (2) .

4. The ladder (1) according to one of the claims from 1 to 3, wherein each upright (2) is an open cross-section bar, and has two inner walls (P3) which are parallel to the outer wall (P1), branch off from the two distal ends of the side walls (P2), and are arranged at a certain distance from one another.

5. The ladder (1) according to claim 4, wherein each upright (2) has two wings (P4) which branch off from the distal ends of the inner walls (P3) and are parallel to the side walls (P2).

6. The ladder (1) according to one of the claims from 1 to 5, wherein the outer holes (4) reproduce in negative and by excess the cross-section of the steps (3).

7. The ladder (1) according to one of the claims from 1 to 6, wherein the inner holes (5) have a rectangular or square shape and have the same width as the steps (3).

8. The ladder (1) according to one of the claims from 1 to 7, wherein the inner holes (5) are made so that, once completely assembled, the upper wall (P5) of each step (3) is located at the same height as the lower side (L1) of the relative outer hole (4).

9. The ladder (1) according to one of the claims from 1 to 8, wherein the end of each step (3) is in abutment against a corresponding outer wall (P1).

10. The ladder (1) according to claim 9, wherein, in each upright (2), each step (3) pushes the corresponding inner wall (P3) further away from the outer wall (P1) causing a deformation of the inner wall (P3).

11. An assembly kit for a ladder (1) defined according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the steps (3) and the two uprights (2) are disassembled.

12. An assembling method of an assembly kit for a ladder defined according to claim 11, providing for the steps of:

arranging the two uprights (2) parallel to one another and spaced by a distance (D) equal to a length of each step (3);

inserting each step (3) through a corresponding outer hole (4) of an upright (2) until reaching and engaging a corresponding outer hole (4) of the other upright (2);

interlocking each step (3) with the inner walls (P3) of the two uprights (2) at the slits (6), the outer holes (4) are provided with tongues (7) which branch off from the lower side (L1) of each outer hole (4), and
there is provided the further step of bending the tongues (7) inwards until they are brought into abutment against respective steps (3), after having interlocked each step (3) with the inner walls (P3) of the two uprights (2) at the slits (6).

Ansprüche

1. Leiter (1), aufweisend: zwei vertikale Pfosten (2) und mehrere horizontale Stufen (3), die von den Pfosten (2) getragen sind,

wobei jeder Pfosten (2) ein Profilholm ist und eine vertikale äußere Wand (P1) hat, zwei vertikale seitliche Wände (P2), die von entgegengesetzten Enden der äußeren Wand (P1) abzweigen, sowie wenigstens eine vertikale innere Wand (P3), die von wenigstens einem Ende der zwei seitlichen Wände (P2) abzweigt und parallel zu der äußeren Wand (P1) ist, und wobei

die äußere Wand (P1) jedes Pfostens (2) mit mehreren äußeren Durchgangslöchern (4) versehen ist, die das Einsetzen der Stufen (3) darin ermöglichen;

die innere Wand (P3) jedes Pfostens (2) mit mehreren inneren Durchgangslöchern (5) versehen ist, die das Einsetzen der Stufen (3) darin ermöglichen;

die seitlichen Wände (P6) jeder Stufe (3) mit Schlitzen (6) versehen sind, die das Verriegeln der Stufen (3) mit den inneren Wänden der Pfosten (2) ermöglichen;

wobei die Leiter (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass:

jede Stufe (3) ein C-förmiger Profilholm ist und eine horizontale obere Wand (P5) und zwei vertikale seitliche Wände (P6) hat, die von entgegengesetzten Enden der oberen Wand (P5) abzweigen, und

jedes äußere Loch (4) mit einer Zunge (7) versehen ist, die von einer unteren Seite (L1) des äußeren Lochs (4) abzweigt, ursprünglich parallel zu der entsprechenden äußeren Wand (P1) ist und in Bezug auf die entsprechende äußere Wand (P1) um 90° gebogen ist, um an der entsprechenden Stufe (3) aufzutreffen.

2. Leiter (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die an den seitlichen Wänden (P6) der Stufen (3) erstellten Schlitze (6) ein gezahntes Profil haben.

3. Leiter (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die an den seitlichen Wänden (P6) der Stufen (3) erstellten Schlitze (6) in die inneren Wände (P3) der Pfosten (2) pressgepasst sind.

4. Leiter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei jeder Pfosten ein Holm mit offenem Querschnitt ist und zwei innere Wände (P3) hat, die parallel zu der äußeren Wand (P1) sind, von den zwei distalen Enden der seitlichen Wände (P2) abzweigen und in einem gewissen Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind.

5. Leiter (1) nach Anspruch 4, wobei jeder Pfosten (2) zwei Flügel (P4) hat, die von den distalen Enden der inneren Wände (P3) abzweigen und parallel zu den seitlichen Wänden (P2) sind.

6. Leiter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die äußeren Löcher (4) den Querschnitt der Stufen (3) in Negativ und in Übermaß wiedergeben.

7. Leiter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die inneren Löcher (5) eine rechtwinklige oder quadratische Form und die gleiche Breite wie die Stufen (3) haben.

8. Leiter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die inneren Löcher (5) derart erstellt sind, dass wenn sie einmal vollständig zusammengebaut sind, die obere Wand (P5) jeder Stufe (3) auf der gleichen Höhe wie die untere Seite (L1) des jeweiligen äußeren Lochs (4) angeordnet ist.

9. Leiter (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei das Ende jeder Stufe (3) auf einer entsprechenden äußeren Wand (P1) auftrifft.

10. Leiter (1) nach einem der Anspruch 9, wobei in jedem Pfosten (2) jede Stufe (3) die entsprechende innere Wand (P3) weiter von der äußeren Wand (P1) weg schiebt und eine Deformation der inneren Wand (P3) bewirkt.

11. Bausatz für eine Leiter (1) gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Stufen (3) und die beiden Pfosten (2) auseinandergebaut sind.

12. Verfahren zum Zusammenbau eines Bausatzes für eine Leiter nach Anspruch 11, bei dem die Schritte vorgesehen sind:

Anordnen der beiden Pfosten (2) parallel zueinander und voneinander beabstandet um einen Abstand (D) gleich einer Länge jeder Stufe (3); Einführen jeder Stufe (3) durch ein entsprechendes äußeres Loch (4) eines Pfostens (2) bis sie ein entsprechendes äußeres Loch (4) des anderen Pfostens (2) erreicht hat und dabei in Eingriff steht;

Verriegeln jeder Stufe (3) mit den inneren Wänden (P3) der beiden Pfosten (2) an den Schlitzen (6), wobei die äußeren Löcher (4) mit Zungen (7) versehen sind, die von der unteren Seite (L1) jedes äußeren Lochs (4) abzweigen und

wobei der weitere Schritt vorgesehen ist des Biegens der Zungen (7) nach innen, bis sie in Berührung gelangt sind mit entsprechenden Stufen (3), nachdem jede Stufe (3) mit den inneren Wänden (P3) der beiden Pfosten (2) bei den Schlitzen (6) verriegelt wurden.

Revendications

1. Échelle (1) comprenant : deux montants (2) verticaux et une pluralité d'échelons (3) horizontaux supportés par les montants (2),

dans laquelle chaque montant (2) est un profilé et présente une paroi externe (P1) verticale, deux parois latérales (P2) verticales qui partent des extrémités opposées de la paroi externe (P1), et au moins une paroi interne (P3) verticale qui part d'au moins une extrémité des deux parois latérales (P2) et est parallèle à la paroi externe (P1), et

dans laquelle :

la paroi externe (P1) de chaque montant (2) est prévue avec une pluralité de trous débouchants externes (4) qui permettent l'insertion des échelons (3) dans ces derniers ;

la paroi interne (P3) de chaque montant (2) est prévue avec une pluralité de trous débouchants internes (5) qui permettent l'insertion des échelons (3) à l'intérieur de ces derniers ;

les parois latérales (P6) de chaque échelon (3) sont prévues avec des fentes (6) qui permettent l'encastrement des échelons (3) dans les parois internes des montants (2),

l'échelle (1) est caractérisée en ce que :

chaque échelon (3) est un profilé en forme de C et a une paroi supérieure (P5) horizontale et deux parois latérales (P6) verticales qui partent des extrémités opposées de la paroi latérale (P5), et

chaque trou externe (4) est prévu avec une languette (7) qui part d'un côté inférieur (L1) du trou externe (4), est initialement parallèle à la paroi externe (P1) correspondante, et est pliée à 90° par rapport à la paroi externe (P1) correspondante afin d'être en butée contre l'échelon (3) correspondant.

2. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les fentes (6) réalisées sur les parois latérales (P6) des échelons (3) ont un profil denté.

3. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les fentes (6) réalisées sur les parois latérales (P6) des échelons (3) sont ajustées par pression dans les parois latérales (P3) des montants (2) .

4. Échelle (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle chaque montant (2) est un profilé à section ouverte et a deux parois internes (P3) qui sont parallèles à la paroi externe (P1), partent des deux extrémités distales des parois latérales (P2), et sont agencées à une certaine distance l'une de l'autre.

5. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle chaque montant (2) a deux ailes (P4) qui partent des extrémités distales des parois internes (P3) et sont parallèles aux parois latérales (P2).

6. Échelle (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle les trous externes (4) reproduisent en négatif et par excès la section transversale des échelons (3) .

7. Échelle (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle les trous internes (5) ont une forme rectangulaire ou carrée et ont la même largeur que les échelons (3).

8. Échelle (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle les trous internes (5) sont réalisés de sorte que, une fois complètement assemblée, la paroi supérieure (P5) de chaque échelon (3) est positionnée à la même hauteur que le côté inférieur (L1) du trou externe (4) relatif.

9. Échelle (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans laquelle l'extrémité de chaque échelon (3) est en butée contre une paroi externe (P1) correspondante.

10. Échelle (1) selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle, dans chaque montant (2), chaque échelon (3) pousse la paroi interne (P3) correspondante à distance de la paroi externe (P1) provoquant une déformation de la paroi interne (P3).

11. Kit d'assemblage pour une échelle (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les échelons (3) et les deux montants (2) sont démontés.

12. Procédé d'assemblage d'un kit d'assemblage pour une échelle selon la revendication 11, prévoyant les étapes suivantes :

agencer les deux montants (2) parallèlement entre eux et espacés par une distance (D) égale à une longueur de chaque échelon (3) ;

insérer chaque échelon (3) dans un trou externe (4) correspondant d'un montant (2) jusqu'à atteindre et mettre en prise un trou externe (4) correspondant de l'autre montant (2) ;

encastrer chaque échelon (3) dans les parois internes (P3) des deux montants (2) au niveau des fentes (6), les trous externes (4) sont prévus avec des languettes (7) qui partent du côté inférieur (L1) de chaque trou externe (4), et

on prévoit l'étape supplémentaire consistant à plier les languettes (7) vers l'intérieur jusqu'à qu'elles viennent en butée contre les échelons (3) respectifs, après avoir encastré chaque échelon (3) dans les parois internes (P3) des deux montants (2) au niveau des fentes (6).

Drawing